自体骨髓移植与混合HLA半相合异体骨髓的自体骨髓移植治疗恶性血液病 …

目的：提高自体骨髓移植（ＡＢＭＴ）治疗恶性血液病的疗效,减少移植后疾病的复发。方法：比较了液体培养净化的ＡＢＭＴ和混合１／６量的ＨＬＡ半相合异基因骨髓有核细胞的ＡＢＭＴ在恶性血液病中的应用,对ＡＢＭＴ组１１例和混合移植组２３例的疗效进行了随访和分析对比。结果：ＡＢＭＴ组除２例移植早期死亡,余９例皆重建造血功能。混合移植组４周早期死亡,余１９例皆成功造血重建。后者外周血三系细胞造血恢复无慢于前者,但     

异基因外周血造血干细胞移植41例临床分析

为分析异基因外周血造血干细胞移植（allo-PBSCT)治疗恶性血液病的效果和并发症的防治，用allo-PBSCT治疗恶性血液病41例，急性移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）预防采用环孢素A（CsA）＋短程氨甲蝶呤（MTX）、霉酚酸酯（MMF）联合CsA＋短程MTX两种方案。结果显示，全部患者均顺利造血重建。HLA完全相合移植急性GVHDⅡ度以上者8例（21．05％）。慢性GVHD发生率76％。急性白血病CR1和慢性髓细胞白血病－慢性期（CML－CP）、HLA完全相合移植34例，复发3例（8．82％）；随访2年以上者存活率71．43％（10／14）。表明allo－PBSCT急性GVHD发生率并不高于骨髓移植，但慢性GVHD发生率明显高；感染和间质性肺炎是移植后死亡的主要原因。     

自体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病

为探讨恶性血液病的有效治疗方法,应用自体骨髓移植(ABMT)38例,自体外周血造血干细胞移植(ABSCT)13例,自体外周血造血干细胞与自体骨髓联合移植15例。治疗白血病54例,恶性淋巴瘤11例,多发性骨髓瘤1例。外周血造血干细胞采用化疗加多抗甲素或C—CSF动员。移植物采用微波、阿克拉霉素净化处理。结果:两组动员方案均有良好动员效果。ABSCT组及联合移植组造血功能恢复比ABMT组快(P<0.05),合并症少。66例中,45例仍呈持续缓解(CCR),中位CCR时间32(5～98)个月,复发21例。3年无病生存率及复发率分别为68.5％及26.1％。结果表明:自体造血干细胞移植是根治恶性血液病的有效手段。ABSCT及联合移植具有造血功能恢复快,合并症少等优点。微波和阿克拉霉素体外净化移植物是一种简便、有效的净化方法。     

自体骨髓移植与混合HLA半相合异体骨髓的自体骨髓移植治疗恶性血液病的比较

目的 :提高自体骨髓移植 (ABMT)治疗恶性血液病的疗效 ,减少移植后疾病的复发。方法 :比较了液体培养净化的ABMT和混合 1/ 6量的HLA半相合异基因骨髓有核细胞的ABMT在恶性血液病中的应用 ,对ABMT组 11例和混合移植组 2 3例的疗效进行了随访和分析对比。结果 :ABMT组除 2例移植早期死亡 ,余 9例皆重建造血功能。混合移植组 4例早期死亡 ,余 19例皆成功造血重建。后者外周血三系细胞造血恢复均慢于前者 ,但无明显的统计学差异 (P >0 .0 1)。ABMT组无病存活 4例(36 .4% ) ,平均随访 48(34～ 92 )个月均CCR。混合移植组无病存活的 10例 (43.5 % ) ,中位随访 2 5 (16～ 6 5 )个月 ,仍存活 ,且均CCR。移植相关死亡ABMT组为 18.2 % ,混合移植组为 17.4%。ABMT组复发率为 44 .4% ,混合移植组为 31.6 %。混合移植组有 6例发生轻度皮肤型GVHD ,激素治疗后渐好转。二组病人皆未观察到急性GVHD。结论 :混合移植对恶性血液病的疗效优于ABMT ,并具有方法简便安全的特点。     

脐血移植治疗儿童恶性或非恶性疾病的死亡原因分析

目的 探讨脐带造血干细胞移植治疗儿童恶性或非恶性疾病后患儿的常见死亡原因.方法 对采用脐带造血干细胞移植治疗的28例儿童恶性或非恶性疾病患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 移植后共死亡12例(42.9%),分别死于感染7例(肺部间质性肺炎3例、霉菌感染3例、病毒性肺炎1例),复发3例,急性移植物抗宿主病2例.结论 原发病复发和感染是脐带造血干细胞移植后患儿最常见的死亡原因.     

外周造血干细胞移植治疗51例恶性血液病的临床研究

目的探讨外周血造血干细胞移植(PBSCT)技术治疗恶性血液病的疗效及安全性。方法 51例恶性血液病患者中,34例行亲缘全相合异基因PBSCT(allo-PBSCT);5例行亲缘半相合allo-PBSCT,12例行自体PBSCT。结果全部患者均成功植入并快速重建造血。亲缘全相合allo-PBSCT中Ⅰ～Ⅱ度急性GVHD的发生率为26.4%,未见Ⅲ～Ⅳ度急性GVHD;慢性GVHD的发生率为54.1%。亲缘半相合allo-PBSCT中Ⅰ～Ⅲ度急性GVHD的发生率为32.1%,未见Ⅳ度急性GVHD;慢性GVHD的发生率为74.5%。本组死亡11例,总病死率为21.6%。结论 auto-PBSCT、亲缘HLA配型完全相合与半相合allo-PBSCT均具有造血重建快、aGVHD发生率较低、疗效较好、安全可行及住院时间短的优点,尤其亲缘半相合allo-PBSCT为难治性白血病患者开辟了新的治疗途径。     

112例造血干细胞移植总结报告

目的 :评价造血干细胞移植 (HSCT)治疗血液病的临床疗效及并发症。方法 :112例血液病患者行HSCT ,其中自体HSCT(auto -HSCT) 52例 ,混合HSCT(mixed -HSCT) 3 3例 ,异基因HSCT(allo -HSCT) 2 7例。结果 :随访平均 64个月 (2月～ 2 0年 ) ,62例 (55.4% )无病存活 ,其中 :auto -HSCT2 7/ 52例 (51.9% ) ,mixed -HSCT19/ 3 3例 (57.6% ) ,allo -HSCT16/ 2 7例 (59.3 % )。 51例(45.5% )死亡 ,其中 :auto -HSCT :18/ 52例 (3 4 .6% )复发死亡 ;7/ 52例 (13 .5% )移植相关死亡 ;mixed -HSCT :19/ 3 3例 (2 4.2 % )复发死亡 ;6/ 3 3例 (18.2 % )移植相关死亡 ;allo -HSCT :3 / 2 7例 (11.1% )复发死亡 ;2 / 2 7例 (7.4% )GVHD引起肝功衰竭死亡 ;6/2 7例 (2 2 .1% )移植相关死亡。结论 :HSCT治疗疗效确切 ,可提高长期无病生存     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗儿童血液病

目的造血干细胞移植可以根治白血病、再生障碍性贫血、血红蛋白病及先天性免疫缺陷等疾病,通过临床观察,分析研究异基因造血干细胞移植对儿童血液病的治疗效果。方法采用异基因造血干细胞移植治疗15例儿童血液病,其中非血缘脐血移植9例,同胞脐血移植3例,同胞外周血干细胞移植2例,同胞骨髓移植1例。采用白消安、环磷酰胺或环磷酰胺、全身照射为基础的预处理的方案。结果14例患者植入,1例于移植后15d死亡,未达植入标准。白细胞的植入时间各组间没有明显差异;脐血移植血小板的植入明显较骨髓或外周血延迟（P〈0．05）。主要并发症为巨细胞病毒感染和复发,11例患者生存;其中10例无病存活,占66．7％,存活最长时间为6年。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线提示：1年生存率为76．6％,预计5年生存率为57．4％。结论脐血移植具有移植物抗宿主疾病轻、较容易控制、搜寻时间短等优点,对儿童患者具有广泛的应用前景。提出了儿童脐血移植的选择策略。     

亲代间单倍体相合造血干细胞移植治疗血液病45例临床分析

目的观察亲代间单倍体相合造血干细胞移植治疗血液病的临床疗效。方法第三军医大学新桥医院血液科自2007年7月-2011年1月,对45例患者实施父母供子女的亲代间单倍体相合造血干细胞移植,观察其临床疗效及并发症。结果 43例患者造血重建成功,2例患者植入失败。移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)发生率为62.2%,其中急性GVHD发生率为40.0%,慢性GVHD发生率为22.2%。与母亲作为供者相比,父亲作为供者时患者GVHD的发生率较低。GVHD的发生率与供者年龄、HLA配型相合位点数目有关。移植后并发的感染中以血源性巨细胞病毒感染和肺部感染为多。随访6个月~4年,移植成功的43例患者中共死亡6例,主要死因为感染和原始疾病复发,患者存活率86.7%。7例患者采用联合脐血移植,与单纯采用亲代间单倍体造血干细胞移植者相比,其造血重建时间提前,GVHD发生率占总发生率的7.14%。结论亲代间单倍体造血干细胞移植对治疗血液病有效,应选择HLA配型相合位点数目较多、男性、年轻供者。亲代间单倍体相合造血干细胞移植联合脐血移植,造血重建较快、GVHD发生率较低。     

自体骨髓混合HLA半相合异基因骨髓移植治疗恶性血液病的临床研究

目的:观察混合BMT治疗恶性血液病的临床疗效,方法:用自体骨髓混合HLA半相合异基因骨髓移植,同时体外高热及液体培养净化联合IL-2激活骨髓细胞,移植后又注射IL-2,以提高体内对残留肿瘤细胞的净化效应,减弱GVHD反应和增强GVL效应,结果:①MBMT是安全的,16例中无1例发生急性GVHD,②近期疗效较好,移植后16例中5例复发,11例未复发,其中7例中位随访12月仍存活且CCR,余4例死于并发症和其它非血液病;③16例除1例因早期死于VOD外,余皆成功造血重建;④对6例供受者性别不同患者性染色体分析发现3例移植后形成嵌合体,最长者已15月余.结论:本研究为临床恶性血液病治疗可能提供了一个新的途径.     

Effect of once-a-day fractionated total body irradiation on the risk of relapse after non-T-cell-depleted HLA-matched sibling transplantation

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the impact of fractionated total body irradiation (F-TBI) on treatment-related mortality (TRM) and relapse in patients who received a non-T-cell-depleted allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for hematological malignancies. Materials and methods Between March 2003 and December 2004, a total of 24 patients with HLA-identical sibling donors entered this study and received three doses of 3.33 Gy F-TBI separated by 24 h and cyclophosphamide or etoposide. Results At a median follow-up of 37 months (range 29–47 months), 4 of the 24 patients (16.6%) died of TRM. Relapse occurred in 10 patients at a median of 9 months (range 2–18 months). Overall, 13 of 24 patients (54%) died. Relapse was the most common cause of death (9/13). The 2-year actuarial survival rate was 46% (±11%). Conclusion In our experience, ASCT conditioned with F-TBI was associated with low TRM but a high early relapse rate in patients with hematological malignancies.     

自体外周血干细胞移植联合自体骨髓移植治疗恶性血液病61例临床分析

目的　总结分析自体外周血干细胞移植 (APBSCT)联合自体骨髓移植 (ABMT)治疗恶性血液病的经验。方法　APBSCT联合ABMT治疗恶性血液病患者 6 1例 ,其中急性髓系白血病 (AML) 2 0例 ,急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 2 4例 ,非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (NHL) 17例。结果　AML ,ALL ,NHL组的 3年及 5年无病生存率分别为 (6 3.2± 10 .6 ) % ,(5 4.6±10 .3) % ;(32 .8± 12 .5 ) % ,(15 .4± 12 .4) % ;(75 .4± 11.3) % ,(73.2± 11.5 ) %。移植后造血重建时间 ,WBC恢复至 >0 .5× 10 9/L时中位天数 +12 .0d ,WBC >1.5× 10 9/L时中位天数 +14.0d。PLT最低降至 <30× 10 9/L者当恢复 >30× 10 9/L时的中位天数 +17.5d。全部患者移植相关死亡率为零。 6 1例中至今死亡 14例 ,皆死于复发 ,主要为ALL患者。移植相关并发症以发热、肝功能受损最常见。结论　APBSCT联合ABMT治疗恶性血液病的疗效优于常规化疗。     

Radiofrequency ablation of malignant hepatic neoplasms.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the liver. METHODS: Sixty-seven patients received RFA for primary or secondary hepatic malignancies. Patients were followed prospectively with computed tomography (CT) scanning to assess for therapeutic response, disease progression and complications. RESULTS: Eighty-eight lesions were treated, including 57 hepatocellular carcinomas, 28 metastases, 2 cholangiocarcinomas and 1 hepatic plasmacytoma. Mean tumour size was 2.7 cm (range 0.5-6.9 cm). A total of 101 ablations were performed (66 percutaneously, 35 intraoperatively). Over a mean follow-up period of 142 days, results were available for 85 lesions. Local tumour control was achieved for 61 (72%) lesions, but new distant lesions developed in 6 of these cases. Residual disease was present in 20 (23%) lesions, and 4 (5%) lesions developed local recurrence. There were 10 complications, including 1 death in a patient who developed a liver abscess and subsequently died from hepatic failure. CONCLUSIONS: RFA is safe and effective in the treatment of hepatic malignancies. Local tumour control can be achieved in most cases; however, careful surveillance is important for detecting recurrent disease, as well as new lesions distant from the treated site.     

Postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in pathological stage I

We report on 49 patients with pathologic stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma who underwent postoperative whole-pelvis irradiation (RT) (45-50 Gy in 5-6 weeks) from November 1981 to December 1988. RT was performed when one or more of the following unfavorable prognostic factors were discovered: myometrial infiltration greater than 1/3 (42 cases, or 85.7%), poorly-differentiated tumor (10, or 20.4%), tubaric angles involvement (4; or 8.2%), pelvic nodal metastases (1, or 2.0%). Five-year actuarial disease-free survival was 91.4%. After an average follow-up of 58 months, we observed recurrent disease in 4 patients (8.2%) (3 cases with distant metastases, 6.1%; 1 case with vaginal relapse, 2.0%). All recurrences were observed within 18 months from treatment and occurred only in patients with both myometrial infiltration greater than 1/3 and poorly or moderately differentiated tumor. The patient with vaginal relapse had a complete response after endocavitary curietherapy, but died later on from lung metastases. None of the treated patients experienced severe complications related to the treatment. Our results are comparable with those of the most recent literature, and confirm the good tolerance and efficacy of postoperative RT to prevent loco-regional relapses in early stage endometrial cancer with unfavorable prognostic factors.     

介入栓塞治疗难治性鼻出血的疗效分析

目的：研究介入栓塞治疗难治性鼻出血的造影表现及临床疗效。 方法：回顾性分析2009年1月—2017年9月在我科接受介入治疗的59例难治性鼻出血患者的临床资料。59例患者按病因分为良性40例、恶性19例。按造影结果分阳性45例,阴性14例,根据病因与造影结果分类评价介入治疗难治性鼻出血的止血效果与复发情况。 结果：所有59例患者均成功行血管造影术,其中58例成功进行介入栓塞止血,1例造影后因颈内动脉假性动脉瘤破裂出血死亡。良性患者的造影阳性率（29/40,72.5%）与恶性患者的造影阳性率（16/19,84.2%）差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.436,P=0.509）。良性患者组的复发率（2/40,5.0%）与恶性患者组（4/18,22.2%）差异无统计学意义（P=0.068）。造影阳性组的复发率（4/44,9.1%）与造影阴性组的复发率（2/14,14.3%）差异无统计学意义（P=0.624）。 结论：介入治疗难治性鼻出血安全有效;对于造影阴性的患者,经验性栓塞双侧上颌动脉远端分支能够有效止血。     

Lung transplantation for lymphangioleiomyomatosis: role of imaging in the assessment of complications related to the underlying disease

PURPOSE: To identify the complications and imaging findings related to lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) after lung transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical histories and imaging studies of 13 patients from five major medical centers who underwent unilateral (n = 8) or bilateral (n = 5) lung transplantation for LAM between 1991 and 1997. Complications related to LAM, both before and after transplantation, were recorded. RESULTS: The following LAM-related complications were found during and after transplantation: excessive pleural adhesions (n = 4), native lung pneumothorax (n = 3), chylous effusion (n = 1), chylous ascites (n = 3), complications from renal angiomyolipomas (n = 4), and recurrent LAM (n = 1). Diagnosis could be made or suggested with computed tomography (CT) in all cases. Four patients (31%) died; one patient died of complications of LAM. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who have undergone lung transplantation for LAM have increased morbidity and mortality due to complications related to their underlying disease. These LAM-related complications can be diagnosed or suggested with CT.