腹主动脉瘤人工血管置换术后继发血栓腔内治疗1例

1病例介绍患者男性,83岁,因左下肢疼痛、发凉1天于2012年5月入院。患者诉11年前因腹主动脉瘤在我科行人工血管置换术,术后痊愈出院。院外未定期复查,自诉曾有间隙性跛行病史(具体时间不详),1天前加重遂来本院就诊。入院查体:左下肢全肢肌萎缩,皮色苍白,无足部发黑、水泡,小腿皮温降低,膝关节以下发凉,腓肠肌压痛,无肢体肿胀、肌张力升高、牵拉痛,左下肢股、腘、足背、胫后动脉未触及,右下肢股、     

血管腔内隔绝术治疗降主动脉夹层动脉瘤6例

主动脉夹层动脉瘤为凶险的疾病。传统的治疗方法为主动脉人工血管置换，创伤大，死亡率、并发症都较高。应用人造血管覆膜支架进行血管腔内隔绝术治疗为一种较新的治疗手段。我院于2003—09～2006—03，行腔内隔绝术治疗主动脉夹层动脉瘤6例，报告如下。     

腹主动脉复合动脉瘤的腔内隔绝术治疗

目的：讨论复合腹主动脉病变进行腔内隔绝术（EVE）的可行性。方法：1例腹主动脉并存真性、假性和夹层动脉瘤患者，经双侧股动脉切开、肱动脉切开引入贯穿导丝，利用导丝导向技术和牵张技术成功置入模块式支架-人造血管移植物，以隔绝瘤体。结果：腔内隔绝操作技术完全成功，3个瘤体同时被隔绝，未加用任何延伸移植，未出现内漏、移位等并发症，重建血流通畅。结论：本例为EVE扩大适应证提供了经验。     

MRA重建图像评估腔内血栓在腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术的局限性

目的 探讨忽略腔内血栓的MRA血管重建图像对评估腹主动脉瘤(AAA)腔内隔绝术(EVE)的影响。方法 比较了2002年1月至10月22例行EVE治疗的AAA重建图像与水平位图像的差异。结果 22例AAA MRA水平图像中有15例(68．2％)伴腔内血栓，可准确评估瘤颈。结论 发现腔内血栓对临床治疗的价值，提出了不能单纯依赖三维重建图像，应当结合水平位图像共同评估腹主动脉瘤。     

下肢深静脉血栓腔内治疗术后血栓再次形成的预防与护理

下肢深静脉血栓腔内治疗术是一种有效的治疗深静脉血栓的手术方法，由于手术侵入性操作，术中血管内膜损伤，置入滤器，术后绝对卧床等原因，可能会造成腔静脉及健侧肢体血栓再次形成，出现术后并发症，延长了住院时间，增加了患者的心理负担。本科室近4年来共进行下肢深静脉血栓（deep vein thrombosis，DVT）腔内治疗256例，其中7例出现血栓再次形成的并发症。笔者分析了血栓再次形成的原因、预防及护理要点，报道如下：     

腔内修复术治疗113例主动脉夹层瘤的临床分析

目的 评价腔内修复术治疗主动脉夹层的疗效,探讨主动脉夹层的治疗策略.方法 回顾分析2002年3月 - 2010年6月,113 例采用腔内修复术治疗的主动脉夹层患者的临床资料、治疗和随访结果.结果 腔内修复术治疗主动脉夹层的手术成功率99.1%(112/113),围手术期无严重并发症发生,术后30 d病死率1.8%(2/...     

急性期Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内治疗研究进展

随着胸主动脉腔内修复术（TEVAR）的广泛应用及迅速发展,腔内治疗已成为了Stanford B型主动脉夹层的一线治疗方法。腔内治疗主动脉夹层的预后除了依赖于术前个体化方案的制定和术中操作者的经验,更依赖于手术指征及时机的掌握。对于急性期复杂性B型夹层,提倡在药物治疗的基础上早期行TEVAR手术;对于急性期非复杂性B型夹层是否可行TEVAR手术仍存在争议。文章主要就急性期B型主动脉夹层行腔内治疗的研究进展进行综述。     

血管塞治疗腹主动脉瘤主动脉腔内修复术后高流量Ⅰ型内漏4例

目的 探讨血管塞治疗腹主动脉瘤主动脉腔内修复术后高流量Ⅰ型内漏的可行性和安全性.方法 回顾性分析2019年5月至9月收治的腹主动脉瘤主动脉腔内修复术患者临床资料,其中3例腹主动脉瘤术后即刻造影发现Ⅰa型内漏,1例腹主动脉瘤术后3个月复查CT发现Ⅰb型内漏.4例腹主动脉瘤主动脉腔内修复术后高流量Ⅰ型内漏患者均接受血管塞栓...     

腔内隔绝术治疗胸主动脉夹层(附25例临床分析)

目的 探讨腔内隔绝术治疗胸主动脉夹层的方法和疗效。方法 对25例(年龄42～72岁；男23例，女2例)胸主动脉夹层患者行腔内隔绝术，并进行临床分析和随访，评价其临床改善程度与真假腔的变化。结果 在全麻下25例均成功进行了胸主动脉夹层的血管腔内隔绝术，其中1例为Standford A型，共使用Talent带膜血管支架28个，术中造影证实夹层裂口完全封闭或内漏显著减少，无术中严重并发症及死亡发生，25例随访2～20个月，临床效果良好，假腔内血栓形成。结论 应用带膜血管内支架行腔内隔绝术是治疗胸主动脉夹层安全有效的方法，尤其在亚急性期或慢性期应作为首选的治疗方法。     

Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术治疗体会

目的:探讨腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的效果。方法:对2005-09~2010-02期间18例Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者实行血管造影和血管腔内带膜支架植入手术治疗,术后3、6、12个月行CTA检查,观察手术疗效以及有无狭窄、移位和扭曲等术后并发症。结果:无中转开胸手术。除1例再发Stanford A型夹层破裂死亡外,其余患者均顺利出院。结论:主动脉夹层腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层是一种安全有效的方法,早期结果满意,中远期效果还有待观察。     

CT of aortic aneurysms: the distinction between mural and thrombus calcification

Aortic calcification, either mural or thrombus, is a common finding in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. Differentiating between the two sites of calcification is necessary in order to avoid confusing simple thrombus calcification with displaced calcified intima in aortic dissection. The CT scans of 145 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm and seven cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm with dissection were analyzed with respect to the location of the calcification: mural only or mural and thrombus. Mural calcification was seen in all 152 patients with aneurysms whereas thrombus calcification was identified in only 33 (24%) of the 136 patients with thrombus. Displaced intimal calcification caused by aortic dissection can either appear similar to or, at times, be indistinguishable from thrombus calcification. Thrombus calcification was present in four (57%) of the seven patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms and dissection. To avoid the possibility of a false-positive diagnosis of aortic dissection in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm, other signs of aortic dissection should be sought such as separation of the true and false lumina by an intimal flap.     

A mural thrombus of an infrarenal aortic aneurysm demonstrated as photon deficiency in a radionuclide study

Radionuclide angiogram (RNA) and aortogram may underestimate external aneurysmal diameter. Photon deficient areas are not uncommon along the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) on RNA. To determine whether or not photon deficient areas along the aneurysm could represent a large thrombus, we studied radionuclide aortic angiography in thirty-eight patients during a preoperative cardiac gated study. All the patients (men, ages from 60 to 78) had CT, US, and/or aortogram for comparison. The presence of a thrombus was determined by CT, US, and/or surgical findings. Twelve of 38 (32%) patients’ RNA and blood pool images showed photon deficient areas along the aneurysmal walls having a large concentric or eccentric thrombus of the AAA. A large photon deficient area could be detected along the narrowing calibre of the aorta lumen. This finding results from a large mural thrombus being interposed between the left or right bowel/mesentery activity and the activity of the aneurysms functioning patent lumen. We concluded that a photon deficient area along an inferorenal aortic aneurysm may indicate a large thrombus of either eccentric or concentric type within an AAA.     

胸、腹主动脉病变的血管内治疗

目的探讨胸、腹主动脉病变不同血管内治疗方法的临床疗效。方法7例患者,其中DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层5例(4例行一体式支架腔内隔绝术,1例行内膜瓣开窗术);DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层外院外科人造血管置换术后降主动脉假性动脉瘤形成1例(行一体式支架腔内隔绝术);肾动脉开口以下腹主动脉瘤1例(行分体式支架腔内隔绝术)。结果5例一体式支架腔内隔绝术均获成功,2例出现Ⅰ型内漏,1例经球囊扩张后内漏消失,1例30 min后内漏减少,未处理;1例内膜瓣开窗术后患者双下肢缺血症状消失;1例分体式支架腔内隔绝术后造影提示动脉瘤消失,无内漏发生。结论应用血管内支架移植物或内膜瓣开窗术治疗胸、腹主动脉病变安全有效,其中分体式支架的临床应用具有更好的前景。     

B型主动脉夹层腔内修复治疗的荟萃分析

目的 分析B型主动脉夹层腔内修复治疗的技术成功率、轻微并发症、严重并发症、脑卒中、截瘫等的发生率.方法 系统收集1999年至2009年Medline收录的有关B型主动脉夹层腔内修复治疗文献,通过制定纳入和排除标准,对所得数据进行汇总分析.结果 在收录的12篇文献中,共有病例数761例,B型主动脉夹层腔内修复治疗的技术成...     

Spared flow tract within the mural thrombus of an aortic aneurysm: its pathogenesis and clinical importance

The purpose of this case report is to determine the unique pathogenesis of a "spared flow tract" through a thick mural thrombus of an aortic aneurysm mimicking the penetrating or dissecting tract of an impending or acute rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and to discuss its clinical importance. Three blood flow tracts (i.e., spared flow tracts) penetrating to aortic major branches (inferior mesenteric arteries in two and left renal artery in one) through thick mural thrombi of three aortic aneurysms were found on thin section spiral CT scans. Histopathological examination revealed that the tracts were formed by thrombi and partially covered with endothelial cells. In conclusion, spared flow tracts may be pathways continuing to the aortic major branches through thick mural thrombi of aortic aneurysms and are spared from thrombogenesis because of relatively high blood flows. Their pathogenesis is definitely different from penetrating or dissecting tracts within mural thrombi of ruptured AAAs. Spared flow tracts should not be misinterpreted as penetrating or dissecting tracts of impending or acute rupture.     

Evolution of a mural thrombus in false aneurysm: CT demonstration

A case of postoperative false aneurysm of the ascending aorta with serial CT and angiographic demonstration is described. Some considerations on the behavior of early thrombosis are discussed.     

Endovascular treatment of largely thrombosed saccular aneurysms: follow-up results in ten patients

Introduction  

Partially thrombosed aneurysms are known to be vulnerable to recanalization after coiling. However, concerns about the extent or age of intra-aneurysmal thrombosis have not been addressed in relation to the recanalization. We evaluated the follow-up results in ten patients with largely thrombosed (≥80% in volume) saccular aneurysms treated by coil embolization.     

Bronchial aneurysms mimicking aortic aneurysms: Endovascular treatment in two patients

Bronchial artery dilatation and aneurysm formation is a potential complication of local inflammation, especially in bronchiectasis. When the bronchial artery has an ectopic origin from the inferior segment of the aortic arch, aneurysms may mimick aortic aneurysms. Despite this particular location, endovascular treatment is possible. We report two such aneurysms that were successfully embolized with steel coils.