射频消融治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效的荟萃分析北大核心CSCD

目的 评价射频消融（RFA）治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效.方法 计算机检索文献,对纳入文献的方法和质量进行评价,并用RevMan5.1.10版软件对RFA治疗晚期NSCLC的疗效进行荟萃分析.结果 共有11篇文献符合纳入标准.荟萃分析结果表明使用RFA治疗晚期NSCLC的有效率（CR＋ PR）是不使用RFA治疗的3.21倍（95％CI：1.94～5.31）、复发率为0.33倍（95％CI：0.20～ 0.57）、生存率为2.60倍（95％CI：1.90～ 3.55）、生活质量为4.79倍（95％CI：2.71～8.48）,且各组间差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,但使用RFA治疗组并发症的发生率也相对较高.结论 使用RFA治疗晚期NSCLC能够提高治疗疗效,降低复发率,提高生存率,改善患者的生活质量,但RFA治疗晚期NSCLC并发症发生率较高.对于RFA治疗晚期NSCLC的临床应用价值尚需进行大样本、多中心的、规范化、高质量临床研究进一步验证.     

肺癌射频消融治疗进展

近年来射频消融技术治疗肺癌在临床上正得到日趋广泛的应用,取得了较大进展,具有操作方便,并发症轻,患者痛苦少等特点.本文对其基础研究、临床应用、并发症及其处理等方面进行综述.     

冷冻球囊消融与射频消融治疗阵发性心房颤动效果Meta分析

目的 系统评价冷冻球囊消融(CBA)对比射频消融(RFA)治疗阵发性心房颤动(PAF)的临床效果.方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、Web of Knowledge、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献(CBM)、中国万方(WanFang)和中国维普(VIP)等数据库,收集RFA与CBA治疗PAF相关随机对照试验(RCT)研究文献.检索时限均自建库至2015年12月.资料提取与质量评价由2名评价员各自独立完成.RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入6篇RCT研究文献(636例患者).Meta分析结果显示,与传统RFA相比,CBA增加了术后膈神经麻痹发生率(RR9.26,95％CI2.17～39.63,P=0.003),但手术时间(MD10.07,95％ CI-9.10～30.52,P=0.29)、X线透视时间(MD-0.18,95％CI-8.14～7.77,P=0.96)、随访12个月成功率(RR0.91,95％CI0.72～1.14,P=0.40)和房性心动过速(房速)、心房扑动(房扑)、房室折返性心动过速发生率(RR0.47,95％CI0.11～2.02,P=0.31)差异均无统计学意义.结论 与传统RFA相比,CBA治疗PAF在手术时间、X线透视时间、随访12个月成功率及房速、房扑、房室折返性心动过速发生率方面无明显差异,但能增加膈神经麻痹发生率.     

肺癌射频消融治疗

近年来射频消融广泛应用肺癌治疗上,目前尚未建立严格的适应症及禁忌症标准,随着操作技术的不断发展,已在临床上取得显著的近期疗效,具有操作方便,并发症轻,患者痛苦少等特点,未来发展的关键在于改进电极针,提高射频技术,联合其它疗效等以提高疗效,并建立更合理的包括影像检查技术在内的疗效评价标准。     

微波消融联合椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移瘤研究进展北大核心CSCD

脊柱转移瘤通常发生于晚期恶性肿瘤患者,随着病情进展会出现疼痛、活动障碍、病理性骨折、脊髓压迫、高钙血症乃至全身衰竭等临床症状,严重影响患者生活质量,降低生存率。常规治疗方法,如化疗、放疗、镇痛、外科手术等的综合利用,在脊柱转移瘤的治疗中取得了一定疗效,但由于其各自技术的局限性和脊柱转移瘤患者病情的复杂性,仍有部分患者疗效不佳。近年来,影像引导下微波消融术在各种实体瘤治疗中得到了广泛的应用,也有学者将其应用到脊柱转移瘤的治疗中,联合椎体成形术可以增强脊柱稳定性,预防和治疗病理性骨折,这为脊柱转移瘤的治疗提供了新的方法及思路,发展前景可期。本文对微波消融、椎体成形术及两者联合应用于脊柱转移瘤的技术特点、适用范围、治疗效果、并发症情况及各种可能避免手术并发症的处理措施等方面的研究进展进行综述。     

肝癌射频和微波热消融治疗的肿瘤免疫学进展

射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)和微波消融(mi- crowave ablation,MWA)是肝癌的微创治疗方法,取得了很好的临床疗效。小肝癌患者射频消融与手术治疗随机对照研究的存活率和复发率无显著性差异,同样能达到根治性治疗效果,Ⅰa期小肝癌的近期疗效尚优于手术切除。射频和微波消融对比研究表明,两种治疗方法的主要临床疗效指标和并发症等均无明显差异。射频和微波消融治疗不仅能直接使肿瘤细胞凝固坏死,原位彻底灭活肝癌组织,而且还能提高肿瘤局部和外周血中免疫细胞数量及其抗肿瘤功能,现就它们在肝癌治疗中的有关肿瘤免疫学方面进展做以介绍。     

肝动脉栓塞化疗联合射频消融与联合微波消融治疗原发性肝癌的疗效和安全性比较

目的 对比肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)联合射频消融(RFA)或联合微波消融(MWA)的近期局部疗效、安全性及生存率.方法 回顾性分析采用TACE联合RFA治疗或联合MWA治疗的原发性肝癌患者,比较两组术后AFP、肝功能、不良反应、并发症、术后3个月的影像学表现以及1年生存率情况.结果 射频联合组术后3个月边缘复发率9.8％,微波联合组23.7％,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);射频联合组术后AFP平均下降为(412.47±373.81) ng/ml,微波联合组平均下降为(278.72±269.20) ng/ml,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后射频联合组ALT平均升高至(81.22±49.50) U/L、AST平均升高至(93.71±50.94) U/L,微波联合组ALT平均升高至(139.53±97.77) U/L,AST平均升高至(181.43±140.16) U/L;两组ALT及AST对比有统计学意义(P＜0.001);两组术后不良反应无明显差异,射频联合组并发症1例,微波联合组并发症2例,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),两组术后均未出现与治疗相关的死亡病例,1年生存率无差异(P＞0.05).结论 TACE联合RFA或联合MWA的近期局部疗效、并发症及1年生存率无显著差异,但射频联合组术后比微波联合组术后肝功能损伤轻微.     

微波消融治疗肾上腺转移癌的安全性及近期疗效分析

目的 研究微波消融治疗肾上腺转移癌的近期局部治疗效果、安全性和不良反应.方法 肾上腺转移癌患者7例,8个病灶,病灶直径2.7～7.2cm,平均4.7cm.于CT引导下行经皮穿刺肾上腺转移癌灶微波消融术,术后即刻行CT平扫,术后1月行CT增强扫描,分别评价肿瘤坏死范围.结果 8个病灶术后即刻CT平扫提示坏死范围90％～100％,平均97.5％,完全坏死率75％(6/8),术后1月CT增强扫描提示坏死范围80％～100％,平均93.1％,完全坏死率50％(4/8).全组无严重并发症发生.结论 微波消融治疗肾上腺转移癌安全、有效.     

对比立体定向放射治疗与射频消融治疗肝细胞癌效果的Meta分析

目的全面收集国内外立体定向放射治疗（SBRT）和射频消融（RFA）治疗肝细胞癌（HCC相关研究文献,通过Meta分析系统比较这两种治疗方法的临床效果及相关并发症。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Scopus、Web of Science以及中国生物医学文献（CBM）、知网、万方、维普等中英文数据库自建库至2022年6月发表的SBRT和RFA临床治疗HCC文献。采用Stata 14.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入14项回顾性研究6 806例患者。基于总生存期（OS）的综合风险比（HR）结果显示SBRT术后OS低于RFA术后（HR=1.25,95%CI=1.10～1.43,I2=0%,P=0.000 9）,而局部控制（LC）比率的综合HR显示SBRT有更好的疗效（HR=0.61,95%CI=0.47～0.78,I2=0%,P=0.000 1）。亚组分析显示,LC比率的综合HR更支持对肿瘤直径>2 cm患者行SBRT(HR=2.64,95%CI=1.56～4.48,I2=0%,P=0.000 3)。SBRT组与RFA组间晚期严重不良反...     

微波消融与传统开放手术治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的安全性及近期疗效Meta分析

目的运用Meta分析系统评价微波消融和传统开放手术治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的疗效及安全性。 方法确定检索策略、文献的纳入与筛选原则,分别检索Pubmed（Medline）、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库（Sinomed）、中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据库中关于微波消融治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的随机对照研究,实验组为微波消融法治疗,对照组为传统开放手术治疗。检索时间跨度为2017年4月至2020年4月。运用RevMan 5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。 结果纳入研究文献10篇,研究对象1 307人,其中试验组669人,对照组638人。结果显示微波消融组和传统开放手术组的手术情况、术后并发症发生率、甲状腺激素水平和炎症因子水平的差异均具有统计学意义。相比之下,微波消融在以上方面的优势均较明显,肿瘤体积变化也非常明显。 结论微波消融法在治疗微小甲状腺乳头状癌方面具有手术创伤小、恢复快、美观度高、手术并发症少等特点,但是该10项研究均为近3年研究,随访时间短,其远期效果还有待未来大样本、长期随访的RCT研究来证实。     

Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous microwave ablation of peripheral lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic effectiveness of ultrasonography (US)-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (PMA) in the treatment of peripheral lung cancer. METHODS: From December 2002 to September 2003, 12 Chinese patients with 16 histologically proven lung malignant tumors (6 primary and 10 metastatic) were treated with US-guided PMA. All tumors were located at the peripheral portions of the lung where the tumors were in direct contact with visceral pleura and visualized on US. A total of 21 insertions with 25 applications was administered to the 16 tumors. There was no radiation or chemotherapy combined with PMA. RESULTS: Based on the follow-up period of 6-40 months (average=20 months), seven patients survived without serious complications and five patients died from metastasis after PMA. The size of treated tumors was decreased in all cases (10 tumors with moderate to remarkable area reduction and 6 tumors with mild area reduction). Blood flow in the tumors became either invisible or diminished on color Doppler flow imaging, which showed 9 tumors with no enhancement and 7 tumors with partially decreased enhancement on contrast-enhanced computed tomography after PMA. All patients experienced improvement of clinical symptoms after PMA treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography-guided PMA, a mildly invasive procedure, is an effective, safe, and feasible method for treating peripheral lung tumors. Percutaneous microwave ablation provides an alternative therapy for patients with inoperable peripheral lung cancer as well as for patients who refuse radiation or chemotherapy.     

经皮微波消融活体兔肺的实验研究

目的探讨经皮微波消融活体肺组织的有效性及安全性。方法在CT引导下经皮微波消融7只新西兰大白兔的肺组织。消融后即刻处死2只实验动物,观察组织微波消融后的病理变化;其余5只实验动物分别于消融后1周、3个月复查CT。结果术后即刻CT扫描,消融区直径1.1～1.6cm;1周后范围略有缩小;3个月后明显缩小,甚至消失。2只实验动物出现少量气胸,未经治疗,1周后复查已自愈。微波消融后组织病理学改变的特点是中央坏死和周围组织水肿。结论经皮微波消融活体兔肺是安全的,它有望成为治疗肺肿瘤的微创、有效的方法。     

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous thermal ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma using microwave and radiofrequency ablation

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of thermal ablation for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using microwave and radiofrequency (RF) energy application. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 190 nodules in 97 patients (84 male, 13 female; mean age 53.4 years, range 24-74 years) with HCC were treated with microwave or RF ablation in the last 4 years. The applicators were introduced into the tumours under conscious analgesic sedation by intravenous administration of fentanyl citrate and droperidol and local anaesthesia in both thermal ablation procedures. The patients were then followed up with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) to evaluate treatment response. Survival was analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Complete ablation was obtained in 92.6% (176/190) nodules. The complete ablation rates were 94.6% (106/112) in microwave ablation and 89.7% (70/78) in RF ablation. The complete ablation rates in tumours/=4.0 cm were 93.1, 93.8 and 86.4%, respectively. Local recurrence was found in 9.5% nodules and the rates in tumours/=4.0 cm in diameter were 3.4, 9.9 and 31.8%, respectively. In the follow-up period, 7.1% nodules ablated by microwave and 12.8% by RF presented local recurrence. The 1, 2 and 3-year distant recurrence-free survivals were 47.2, 34.9 and 31.0%, respectively. Estimated mean survival was 32 months, and 1, 2 and 3-year cumulative survivals were 75.6, 58.5, and 50.0%, respectively. One and 2 years survivals of Child-Pugh class A, B and C patients were 83.8 and 70.4%, 78.2 and 53.2%, 36.3 and 27.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Thermal ablation therapy by means of microwave and RF energy application is an effective and safe therapeutic technique for hepatocellular carcinoma. Large tumours can be completely ablated, but have a significantly higher risk of local recurrence at follow-up.     

超声引导下射频消融与无水乙醇消融治疗甲状腺囊实性结节的Meta分析

目的 对比超声引导下射频消融（RFA）与无水乙醇消融（PEI）治疗甲状腺囊实性结节的临床疗效及安全性。方法 计算机和人工检索PubMed、Cochrane、万方数据及CNKI等数据库收录的RFA与PEI治疗甲状腺囊实性结节临床疗效及安全性的临床对照研究。研究者从中提取相关资料,根据Cochrane手册标准对纳入文献的质量予以评价。结果 最终10篇文献纳入研究,患者为900例。结果显示,RFA治疗甲状腺囊实性结节的体积缩小率高于PEI,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05);两组在并发症发生率方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 RFA治疗甲状腺囊实性结节临床疗效优于PEI,两组的并发症发生率无明显差异。     

Hepatic hemorrhage caused by percutaneous tumor ablation: radiofrequency ablation versus cryoablation in a porcine model

PURPOSE: To determine the extent of hepatic hemorrhage caused by percutaneous cryoablation performed with a small-diameter cryoablation probe compared with that caused by percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation in a porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was pre-approved by the institutional research animal care and use committee, and husbandry and experiments complied with National Institutes of Health standards for care and use of laboratory animals. Percutaneous hepatic ablation was performed in 18 domestic pigs (mean weight, 45 kg) by using a 17-gauge (1.5-mm-diameter) RF electrode (n = 6), a cluster of three RF electrodes (n = 6), or a 13-gauge (2.4 mm-diameter) cryoprobe (n = 6). Ablation was performed in four sites per liver. Total blood loss, minimum lesion diameter, maximum lesion diameter, and lesion volume were determined for each group and compared by using analysis of variance. RESULTS: Mean blood loss was 11.11 mL +/- 11.47 (standard deviation), 105.29 mL +/- 175.58, and 28.06 mL +/- 30.97 with the single RF electrode, RF electrode cluster, and cryoablation probe, respectively. Mean minimum and maximum lesion diameters were largest with the RF electrode cluster (2.40 and 3.98 cm, respectively), followed by the cryoablation probe (2.38 and 3.94 cm) and single RF electrode (1.49 and 2.63 cm). Mean minimum and maximum lesion diameters were significantly different between the single RF electrode and the RF electrode cluster, as well as between the single RF electrode and the cryoablation probe (P < .001). Mean lesion volume was largest for the RF electrode cluster (24.03 cm3), followed by those for the cryoablation probe (17.46 cm3) and single RF electrode (9.05 cm3) (single RF electrode vs cryoablation probe, P < .05). Lesion volumes were not significantly different with the RF electrode cluster versus the single RF electrode (P = .052) or with the RF electrode cluster versus the cryoablation probe (P = .381). CONCLUSION: Mean blood loss from percutaneous cryoablation in this model was between that for RF ablation with the single electrode and that for RF ablation with the electrode cluster.     

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of lung tumors close to the heart or aorta: evaluation of safety and effectiveness

PURPOSE: The authors retrospectively evaluated the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of lung tumors close to the heart or aorta. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two tumors (mean diameter, 25 mm +/- 16; range, 5-73 mm) located less than 10 mm from the heart or aorta were treated with radiofrequency ablation in 47 sessions. Lung tumors were classified into two groups according to their distance from the heart or aorta: group A (n = 27) comprised tumors at a distance of 1-9 mm; group B (n = 15) comprised contiguous tumors (distance, 0 mm). The safety and technique effectiveness of the procedure, defined as no evidence of local tumor progression, were evaluated. RESULTS: Radiofrequency ablation was feasible for all the 42 tumors. Procedural complications included asymptomatic pleural effusion (n = 5), small pneumothorax (n = 11), pneumothorax that necessitated chest tube placement (n = 4), and lung abscess (n = 1). No complications related to the specific tumor location, such as the accidental insertion of the electrode into the heart or aorta, pericardial effusion, arrhythmia, or cardiac infarction, occurred. The overall primary technique effectiveness rate was 75.8%, 45.9%, and 45.9% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. This rate in group A (94.7%, 69.3%, and 69.3% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively) was significantly (P < .001) higher than that in group B (42.9% and 8.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Radiofrequency ablation of lung tumors close to the heart or aorta was safely performed. The local control of tumors contiguous to the heart or aorta was considerably lower compared with the tumors that were close but not contiguous to these structures.     

Pneumothorax as a complication of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for lung neoplasms

PURPOSE: The present study was performed to determine the frequency of the complication of pneumothorax after radiofrequency (RF) ablation for lung neoplasms and risk factors affecting such pneumothoraces. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was based on 129 consecutive sessions of percutaneous RF ablation of lung neoplasms under real-time computed tomographic fluoroscopic guidance performed in a single institution between May 2003 and November 2005 in 41 patients (17 women, 24 men; mean age, 63 years; age range, 29-82 y). Correlation was determined between the incidence of pneumothorax after RF ablation and multiple factors: sex, age, presence of emphysema, lesion size, lesion depth, contact of tumor with pleura, number of punctures, maximum power of RF generator, period of ablation, tissue temperature at the end of the RF ablation session, and patient position during the procedure. Management of each case of iatrogenic pneumothorax was reviewed. RESULTS: Pneumothorax after RF ablation occurred in 38 of 129 RF ablation sessions (29.5%). Fourteen of the 38 cases were treated by manual aspiration, and 24 were simply observed. In five cases (3.9%), chest tube placement was required as therapy for pneumothorax. The risk of pneumothorax was significantly increased in patients with pulmonary emphysema. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of pneumothorax after RF ablation in our experience is similar to the frequency of pneumothorax after lung biopsy reported in the literature. Various conditions for RF ablation did not influence the incidence of pneumothorax. Emphysema was the only individual factor that correlated significantly with the development of iatrogenic pneumothorax.     

超声引导经皮射频消融治疗肝癌的探讨

目的 探讨超声引导在经皮穿刺射频消融技术治疗肝癌中的可行性与安全性。方法 应用超声对36例肝癌患进行穿刺引导，并实时检测射频消融的全过程。结果 36例患均在超声引导下顺利完成治疗，仅有1例术后肝包膜下出现小血肿。结论 准确的超声引导射频治疗肝癌术对提高疗效，减少并发症具有重要意义。