2型糖尿病伴发抑郁症患者皮质醇、炎性因子与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者和2型糖尿病伴发抑郁症患者皮质醇、炎性因子的变化,及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系.方法 测定非糖尿病非抑郁组(30例)、非糖尿病抑郁组(26例)、糖尿病非抑郁组(30例)、糖尿病抑郁组(28例)血浆皮质醇[早8时(8:00am)、下午4时(16:00 pm)、午夜0时(0:00 am)]、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF- α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平.结果 与非糖尿病非抑郁组比较,非糖尿病抑郁组、糖尿病非抑郁组和糖尿病抑郁组平均皮质醇、TNF-α、IL-6、FINS、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与糖尿病非抑郁组比较,糖尿病抑郁组平均皮质醇、TNF-α、ID-6、FINS、HbA1c、HOMA-IR均显著升高[(145.26±54.12)μg/L比(128.03±55.20)μg/L、(8.82±1.28) ng/L比(5.90±0.95)ng/L、(6.72±1.40) ng/L比(5.41±1.70) ng/L、(13.40±4.70) U/L比(11.00±4.50) U/L、(7.20±0.23)％比( 6.70±0.27)％、5.42±1.06比3.68±0.92],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).抑郁严重度指数与体质指数(BMI)、腰围、HbA1c、平均皮质醇、HOMA-IR、TNF-α和IL-6水平显著相关(P＜0.05或＜0.01).结论 2型糖尿病患者皮质醇和炎性因子增高,加重了糖代谢紊乱和胰岛素抵抗;抑郁症与糖尿病患者的皮质醇和炎性因子增高有关,对糖尿病的进展和预后具有不良影响.     

N-端脑钠肽前体与炎症因子在心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者中的临床意义

目的探讨心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者血清N-端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、降钙素原(PCT)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平与心肌功能的相关性分析。方法选取医院2014年3月-2017年3月心力衰竭患者228例为研究对象,根据是否发生肺部感染分为感染组86和非感染组142例,另选取同期健康体检者112例为对照组;采用酶偶联法检测谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB),检测NT-proBNP、CRP、PCT、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平及与心功能的相关性。结果心力衰竭患者血清AST、LDH、CK、CKMB、NT-proBNP、PCT、CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平高于对照组(P0.05);感染组NT-proBNP、PCT、CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α分别为(13.36±5.96)μg/L、(8.97±4.66)μg/L、(11.32±5.82)mg/L、(9.82±6.06)μg/L、(18.31±6.95)μg/L和(10.35±4.63)μg/L高于未感染组(P0.05);感染组和未感染组血清AST、LDH、CK和CKMB差异无统计学意义。感染组患者血清NT-proBNP、PCT、CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平与血清AST、LDH、CK和CKMB水平呈正相关(P0.05);且心力衰竭纽约心脏病协会分级(NYHA)Ⅲ、Ⅳ级患者血清NT-proBNP、PCT、CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平高于NYHAⅠ、Ⅱ级(P0.05)。结论 NT-proBNP、PCT、CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平在心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者较高,可反映患者的心肌功能和肺部感染情况,具有一定的临床价值。     

人工髋关节置换术后感染患者细胞因子与疼痛指标的研究

目的探讨人工髋关节置换术后感染患者细胞因子与疼痛指标的变化情况,为临床治疗提供参考。方法选取2010年1月-2018年3月医院收治的行人工髋关节置换术后感染患者30例设为试验组,同期纳入人工髋关节置换术后未发生感染的30例患者为对照组,比较两组患者血清细胞因子包括肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)和疼痛指标水平包括神经肽Y(NPY)、β-内啡肽(β-EP)、神经生长因子(NGF)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)及视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分。结果试验组患者血清TNF-α、G-CSF、IL-6、CRP及IL-4分别为(1.68±0.34)ng/ml、(91.29±7.08)pg/ml、(9.03±0.24)pg/ml、(21.36±7.98)mg/ml、(1.56±0.21) ng/ml均高于对照组(P<0.05);同时试验组血清NPY、β-EP、NGF及5-HT分别为(190.37±22.58)μg/L、(70.93±9.25)ng/L、(69.04±7.73)pg/ml、(17.39±1.84)ng/ml均高于对照组(P<0.001);试验组患者术后6 h、12 h及24 h VAS评分分别为(4.27±1.15)、(1.99±0.76)、(1.63±0.91)分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论人工髋关节置换术后感染患者细胞因子及疼痛指标变化波动较大,较非感染患者升高,应及时采取针对性治疗。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺部感染血清炎性因子变化研究

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺部感染患者血清炎性因子的变化情况,为其诊治提供依据。方法选取2012年1月-2013年1月医院的34例慢性阻塞性肺疾病发生肺部感染患者为A组,另将同一时期的34例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者选为B组,同一时期的于医院进行体检的34名健康人员选为C组,将3组人员的血清促炎因子与抑炎因子水平进行检测比较。结果 A组的血清IL-2水平为(4.24±0.56)μg/L,低于B组的(6.57±0.79)μg/L与C组的(8.89±1.13)μg/L,血清IL-6、TNF-α与IFN-γ水平分别为(16.33±1.78)pg/ml、(2.31±0.24)ng/ml和(20.32±2.14)μg/ml,其均高于B组的(11.74±1.29)pg/ml、(1.57±0.15)ng/ml和(14.68±1.62)μg/ml与C组的(6.86±0.92)pg/ml、(0.92±0.10)ng/ml和(8.78±0.99)μg/ml,而A组患者中重度肺部感染患者血清IL-2水平低于轻度感染患者,IL-6、TNF-α与IFN-γ水平则高于轻度感染患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺部感染患者血清炎性因子波动相对较大,对于感染的存在及严重程度均有一定的指示作用。     

开放性骨折感染患者血清促炎及抗炎因子表达研究

目的探讨开放性骨折感染患者血清促炎及抗炎因子表达,为开放性骨折感染的临床诊治提供参考。方法选取2014年8月-2015年8月在医院诊治100例开放性骨折患者为骨折组、同期门诊进行健康体检的50例正常人群为对照组,骨折组在入院后隔日、对照组在体检时抽血检测白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体I(sTNF-RI)水平,骨折组同时取创面分泌物行细菌培养。结果骨折组感染者21例,感染发生率为21.00%,培养出病原菌20株,分别为金黄色葡萄球菌12株、大肠埃希菌5株、表皮葡萄球菌2株、肺炎克雷伯菌1株,构成比分别占60.00%、25.00%、10.00%、5.00%;骨折组患者IL-6、TNF-α、IL-4、IL-10、sTNF-RI水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);骨折感染患者IL-6、TNF-α、IL-4、IL-10、sTNF-RI水平分别为(35.45±5.71)ng/L、(42.65±7.89)ng/L、(56.11±13.54)pg/ml、(71.83±15.40)μg/L、(3983.55±945.71)ng/L,均高于骨折无感染患者(14.45±3.56)ng/L、(22.43±4.67)ng/L、(30.32±5.21)pg/ml、(50.15±11.01)μg/L、(2168.61±480.32)ng/L,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论开放性骨折患者血清促炎及抗炎因子表达均明显升高,骨折感染可加重机体促炎及抗炎反应。     

病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊液白细胞介素-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α的检测及临床意义

目的了解病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊液中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的变化及临床意义。方法采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法检测80例病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊液急性期和恢复期的IL-6和TNF-α水平,并与25例正常对照组进行比较分析。结果病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊液IL-6和TNF-α的急性期水平分别为(91.4±24.6)ng/L和(53.5±16.2)μg/L,恢复期水平分别为(52.2±10.8)ng/L和(28.3±10.1)μg/L,正常对照组为(50.5±8.7)ng/L和(24.0±6.5)μg/L,病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊液IL-6和TNF-α的急性期水平均明显高于正常对照组(P0.01);重症组的急性期IL-6和TNF-α水平分别为(105.5±17.4)ng/L和(68.2±15.5)μg/L,轻症组的急性期IL-6和TNF-α水平分别为(74.6±10.7)ng/L和(40.4±13.6)μg/L,重症组的急性期IL-6和TNF-α水平明显高于轻症组(P0.01)。结论病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊液IL-6和TNF-α的水平均显著升高,其水平与疾病的发生、发展相关。     

高龄全髋关节置换患者术后肺部感染与血清炎性因子的变化研究

目的探讨高龄患者全髋关节置换术后肺部感染与血清炎性因子的变化,为术后肺部感染的防治提供参考。方法选取2015年1月-2017年12月在医院行全髋关节置换术的高龄患者120例,观察患者术后肺部感染发生情况,采集感染患者痰液标本行细菌培养、分离及鉴定,检测患者术前、术后3d血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1、2、6、8、10(IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)等炎性因子水平。结果术后21例患者发生肺部感染,感染率为17.50%,共分离病原菌23株,其中革兰阴性菌15株、革兰阳性菌8株。患者术后3d血清TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、CRP均高于术前,IL-2低于术前,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后肺部感染与未感染患者术前血清炎症因子比较差异无统计学意义;术后3d肺部感染患者血清TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、CRP分别为(35.16±14.44)pg/ml、(74.35±21.34)pg/ml、(98.05±34.62)pg/ml、(62.46±21.81)pg/ml、(35.23±7.90)pg/ml、(31.72±3.45)g/L,高于未感染患者(P<0.05),IL-2为(143.68±42.14)pg/ml低于未感染患者(P<0.05)。结论全髋关节置换高龄患者术后容易发生肺部感染,术后早期检测血清炎性因子水平有助于预测及诊断肺部感染。     

早期肠内营养对肺癌患者肺部感染血清炎症因子与HMGB1的影响

目的探索早期肠内营养对肺癌患者肺部感染血清炎症因子与高迁移率族蛋白1(High Mobility Group Box-1protein,HMGB1)的临床影响。方法选取2014年1月-2017年1月于医院接受治疗的肺癌并发肺部感染患者288例为研究对象,按照是否接受早期肠内营养分为营养组132例和对照组156例,对照组接受常规治疗,肠内营养组接受早期肠内营养治疗,比较两组患者血常规指标[包括:前白蛋白(PA)、血蛋白(ALB)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、尿素氮(BUN),肌酐(SCR)等]和HMGB1水平。结果治疗前两组患者PA、ALB、AST、BUN、SCR、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)HMGB1、CEA差异无统计学意义;治疗后营养组患者PA、ALB、AST和SCR分别为(228.43±21.55)g/L、(32.34±4.94)g/L、(41.38±7.04)IU/L和(83.44±12.18)μmol/L均高于对照组,BUN为(4.19±1.58)mmol/L低于对照组(P均<0.001)。治疗后营养组患者CRP、TNF-α、PCT、IL-6、分别为(33.72±12.55)g/L、(93.57±14.66)ng/ml、(6.13±4.68)ng/ml、(22.03±15.33)pg/ml低于对照组(P均<0.001)。治疗后营养组患者HMGB1、CEA分别为(8.03±2.06)ng/ml和(17.29±6.98)ng/ml高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论早期肠内营养能有效改善血清炎症因子水平,而血清HMGB1水平在肺癌合并肺部感染患者接受早期肠内营养中升高,可能在肺癌及肺部感染疾病发病机制中起重要作用,具有一定的临床意义。     

急性颅脑损伤患者细胞因子与NSE水平变化的临床意义

目的 探讨急性颅脑损伤患者肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平的变化.方法 测定80例急性颅脑损伤患者和30例正常对照者的血清TNF-α、IL-6及NSE水平,并分析各参数之间的相关性.结果 颅脑损伤患者TNF-α(3.9±1.1 ng/L)、IL-6(189.8±42.6 ng/L)及NSE(28.7±8.5 ng/L)水平显著高于对照组(0.7±0.3 ng/L,68.5±22.7 ng/L,8.1±4.2 ng/L),P<0.01,轻、中、重型颅脑损伤患者TNF-α、IL-6及NSE水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);NSE与TNF-α及IL-6水平正相关,相关系数分别为0.85(P<0.01)和0.88(P<0.01).结论 TNF-α、IL-6及NSE在急性颅脑损伤中具有重要作用,并与病情严重程度密切相关,病程早期检测TNF-α、IL-6及NSE水平有助于中、重型颅脑损伤的预测.     

2015-2019年398例老年大肠癌患者术后肺部感染情况及危险因素

目的探讨2015年-2019年老年大肠癌患者术后肺部感染情况及危险因素分析。方法选择2015年1月-2019年12月泉州市第一医院胃肠外科收治的398例老年大肠癌手术患者作为研究对象,记录患者术后肺部感染情况,评估手术前后血清因子降钙素原(PCT)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-1、IL-4、IL-8、IL-10和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平变化,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清学检测诊断患者术后肺部感染的最佳临界值,分析术后肺部感染的危险因素。结果 398例老年大肠癌患者术后肺部感染64例,总感染率16.08%,肺部感染率总体呈下降趋势,但年度比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.532,P=0.821);肺部感染组与非肺部感染组术前PCT、CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1、IL-4、IL-8、IL-10比较差异均无统计学意义,术后3 d肺部感染组PCT、CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1、IL-4、IL-8、IL-10水平均高于非肺部感染组(P0.05); Logistic回归方程分析显示:年龄75岁、开腹手术、手术时间3.5 h、术后PCT1.13 ng/ml、术后TNF-α33.10 ng/L、术后IL-6145.32 ng/L、术后IL-1β8.57 ng/L均是老年大肠癌患者术后发生肺部感染的危险因素(P0.05)。结论术后早期血清学检测可作为老年大肠癌患者肺部感染的临床预测肺部感染的指标,且高龄、开腹手术、手术时间过长者均易发生肺部感染,临床应针对高危人群给予相应防控措施。     

Risk,Efficacy, and Seeking of General,Breast, and Prostate Cancer Information

The authors investigated the independent and interactive effects of perceived risk and perceived efficacy on seeking of general, breast, and prostate cancer information. Analysis of the 2003 Health Information National Trend Survey indicates that perceived absolute risk and perceived response efficacy have generally independent—rather than interactive—effects on cancer information seeking. The influence of perceived absolute risk on prostate cancer information seeking appears to be moderated by perceived relative risk. When perceived relative risk is low, perceived absolute risk has no effect on prostate cancer information seeking; when perceived relative risk is high, perceived absolute risk exerts a significant positive influence on prostate cancer information seeking. The authors discuss the theoretical and practical implications.     

Risk, efficacy, and seeking of general, breast, and prostate cancer information

The authors investigated the independent and interactive effects of perceived risk and perceived efficacy on seeking of general, breast, and prostate cancer information. Analysis of the 2003 Health Information National Trend Survey indicates that perceived absolute risk and perceived response efficacy have generally independent-rather than interactive-effects on cancer information seeking. The influence of perceived absolute risk on prostate cancer information seeking appears to be moderated by perceived relative risk. When perceived relative risk is low, perceived absolute risk has no effect on prostate cancer information seeking; when perceived relative risk is high, perceived absolute risk exerts a significant positive influence on prostate cancer information seeking. The authors discuss the theoretical and practical implications.     

Bioaccumulation,metabolism, and effects of DDT,fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos onSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae accumulated DDT, fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos rapidly from yeast glucose medium. The maximum concentrations of DDT, fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos accumulated were 8,253, 18,960 and 11,579 g/g (dry wt), respectively. The pattern of accumulation was similar for all insecticides. The bioconcentration factor was inversely proportional to insecticide solubilities.Saccharomyces metabolized the three insecticides, but only two metabolites of DDT (DDD and DDE) were identified. Protoplast cultures were more sensitive to DDT and fenitrothion compared to normal cultures but were less sensitive to chlorpyrifos. Both the normal and protoplast cultures recovered from the toxic effect after 24 hr.     

Monitoring of Nutrients, Pesticides, and Metals in Waters, Sediments, and Fish of a Wetland

Wetland areas are of extraordinary importance for the conservation of wildlife. The Aiguamolls de l’Empordà Natural Park, located in Girona (northeast Spain), is one of the few areas in Europe acting as a way station for migratory birds. The natural park is made up of a brackish water reserve and a fresh water reserve. Agriculture and tourism, which are concentrated especially around coastal population centers, are the main activities in this area and result in the release into the environment of nutrients, pesticides, and heavy metals. This article aims to investigate the presence of nutrients, selected pesticides (organochlorine compounds, permethrin and triazines) and metals (Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni and Pb) in water, sediments, and fish samples. In the case of water, seasonal variations in levels of contamination were also monitored. Comparison was made of the fresh and brackish water reserves and concentration factors for metals and pesticides in sediment were determined. We conclude that the most significant sources of contamination in the natural park are from the entry of pesticides and nutrients into surface waters and sediments as a result of the intensive farming activity of the surrounding areas. The pesticides with the greatest presence were found to be lindane, heptachlor epoxide, permethrin, and atrazine. Among the metals analyzed, Cu and Cr presented the highest concentrations in surface waters and sediments.