无锡地区妇女细菌性阴道病与假丝酵母菌属及滴虫性阴道炎感染分析

目的了解无锡地区育龄妇女细菌性阴道病、假丝酵母菌性阴道炎及滴虫性阴道炎感染状况。方法对无锡地区妇科门诊2142例、体检中心1885例、住院患者218例育龄妇女采集阴道后穹隆部位的分泌物,用细菌性阴道病联合测定试剂盒检测,同时进行阴道分泌物涂片镜检假丝酵母菌属、滴虫。结果妇科门诊患者单独细菌性阴道病、假丝酵母菌性阴道炎、滴虫性阴道炎发病率分别为19.44%、16.43%和7.19%;体检中心患者发病率分别为8.17%、6.47%和1.91%;住院患者发病率分别为2.75%、1.83%和1.38%;妇科门诊与体检中心、妇科门诊与住院患者的单独细菌性阴道病、假丝酵母菌性阴道炎和滴虫性阴道炎发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),发现细菌性阴道病阳性检出率高于假丝酵母菌性阴道炎和滴虫性阴道炎,且细菌性阴道病阳性检出率高于假丝酵母菌性阴道炎和滴虫性阴道炎;但细菌性阴道病的混合感染以及体检中心与住院患者单独细菌性阴道病、假丝酵母菌性阴道炎、滴虫性阴道炎发病率差异无统计学意义。结论妇科门诊应将细菌性阴道病、假丝酵母菌属、滴虫列入阴道分泌物常规筛查。     

2 231例阴道分泌物假丝酵母菌培养及耐药性分析

目的 探讨阴道假丝酵母菌的感染及其耐药情况.方法 采用改良沙氏培养基分离培养法,对2 231例可疑感染者进行阴道分泌物假丝酵母菌培养并做药敏分析.结果 (1)2 231例标本中,假丝群母菌检出率为81.98%(1 829/2 231).(2)阴道假丝酵母菌感染以21～40岁为主,占阳性患者的78.90%(1 443/1 829).(3)对假丝酵母菌耐药率最高的是制霉菌素(耐药率＞86%),对氟康唑最敏感,其次是伊曲康唑.结论 假丝酵母菌的耐药菌株较常见,临床治疗应根据药敏结果选择敏感药物.     

妊娠期阴道假丝酵母菌及滴虫混合感染中西医结合治疗体会

目的:探讨妊娠期阴道假丝酵母菌及滴虫混合感染的有效治疗方法。方法:选择2007年1月～2010年11月在迁西县人民医院就诊的妊娠期阴道假丝酵母菌及滴虫混合感染患者126例,将患者随机分为中西医结合治疗组64例,单纯西药治疗组62例,分别于疗程结束后停药5天、4周及8周再次复诊,观察两组治愈率、有效率、复发率等。结果:中西医结合治疗组比单纯西药治疗组治愈率和有效率增高(P<0.05),复发率明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:该院制定的中西医结合交替治疗方案治疗妊娠期阴道假丝酵母菌及滴虫混合感染行之有效,复发率低,是值得推广的治疗方式。     

假丝酵母菌性阴道炎的菌种鉴定及耐药性分析

目的 了解假丝酵母菌性阴道炎患者临床感染假丝酵母菌属的特点及其耐药现状,为临床抗真菌药物治疗提供参考依据.方法 按常规方法 以萨布罗培养基分离真菌,用法国生物梅里埃公司生产的API 20 C AUX假丝酵母菌鉴定板和ATB 3 Fungus假丝酵母菌药敏板进行假丝酵母菌属鉴定和药敏检测.结果 自593例假丝酵母菌性阴道炎患者的阴道分泌物中检出5种假丝酵母菌,以白色假丝酵母菌占首位,达到479株(80.8%),其次为热带假丝酵母菌51株(8.6%)、光滑假丝酵母菌38株(6.4%)、克柔假丝酵母菌16株(2.7%)、近平滑假丝酵母菌9株(1.5%),白色假丝酵母菌对临床常用的5种抗真菌药物5-氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B、氟康唑、伊曲康唑、伏立康唑的敏感性均较好,>85.0%,非白色假丝酵母菌对5-氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B、伏立康唑的敏感性较好达>90.0%,而对氟康唑和伊曲康唑的敏感率较差均<75.0%.结论 假丝酵母菌性阴道炎感染以白色假丝酵母菌为主,白色假丝酵母菌与非白色假丝酵母菌对氟康唑和伊曲康唑的敏感性差异较大,应重视假丝酵母菌属的培养、鉴定和药敏试验,以指导临床合理选择抗真菌药物.     

367例妊娠期妇女外阴阴道假丝酵母菌感染状况的调查

目的：了解本地妊娠期妇女外阴阴道假丝酵母菌的感染率、发病率及致病菌种。方法：对2005年1月至2006年6月到本院妇产科定期检查的妊娠期妇女367例进行阴道假丝酵母菌涂片、培养及菌种鉴定。结果：妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌的感染率为35.42%,发病率16.62%。白色假丝酵母菌仍是造成外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病（vulvovaginal candi-diasis,VVC）最常见的致病菌,占79.35%,但非白化有上升趋势,其中以光滑假丝酵母菌最多见（16.30%）,其次是热带假丝酵母菌（3.26%）。结论：妊娠期妇女外阴阴道假丝酵母菌的感染率较正常人为高,其中白色假丝酵母菌是VVC最常见的致病菌,但非白化有上升趋势,机体的免疫异常及阴道环境的改变是VVC发生的重要原因。     

贵港地区阴道假丝酵母菌属感染的耐药性分析

为了解外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)感染及药物耐药现状,回顾性分析了2008年1月-2009年3月妇女保健门诊就诊患者合并阴道假丝酵母菌感染526例,现分析如下. l资料与方法 1.1 资料来源 病例来自2008年1月-2009年3月到妇女保健门诊就诊女性患者2286例,年龄18～65岁,取阴道分泌物作细菌培养.同一患者多次培养的重复菌株以1例计算.     

外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的诊断与治疗

外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病 ,又称外阴阴道念珠菌病。既往曾一度称为霉菌性阴道炎 ,现已废止 ,因病原体为假丝酵母菌或称念珠菌 ,属真菌类而非霉菌。本病中 90 %的病例是由假丝酵母菌的白假丝酵母菌感染所致 ,其余 1 0 %则来源于非白假丝酵母菌。据报道 ,近年来其流行率逐渐升高。本病发病非常普遍 ,约 5 0 %～ 75 %的妇女一生中至少患过一次外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病。假丝酵母菌属条件致病菌 ,1 0 %～ 2 0 %的非孕妇女及 30 %的孕妇阴道内有此菌寄生 ,但菌量较少 ,并不引起症状 ,称为携带者。当全身及阴道局部免疫力下降时 ,该菌大量繁殖 ,始出现临…     

假丝酵母菌性阴道炎病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的分析假丝酵母菌性阴道炎的发病情况及耐药性。方法选取假丝酵母菌性阴道炎患者535例,取阴道分泌物进行接种培养,并进行药敏试验。结果 535例假丝酵母菌性阴道炎患者共感染6种真菌,其中白色假丝酵母菌324株,占60.56%,热带假丝酵母菌108株,占20.19%,啤酒假丝酵母菌42株,占7.85%,克柔假丝酵母菌36株,占6.73%;另有光滑假丝酵母菌18株及近平滑假丝酵母菌7株;535株假丝酵母菌属对制霉菌素、两性霉素B以及伊曲康唑耐药性较高,分别为95.51%、94.39%以及81.87%。结论调查假丝酵母菌性阴道炎患者的发病情况,分析感染菌株及其耐药性,对指导临床合理用药、减少耐药菌株产生、取得良好治疗效果有积极意义。     

外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病180例

目的探讨氟康唑及制霉菌素泡藤片治疗外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效。方法将180例外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者分为治疗组和对照组,各90例。治疗组采取氟康唑胶囊与制霉菌素泡腾片联用;对照组单用制霉菌素泡腾片进行治疗。两组治疗后1周、4周复查。结果两组远期疗效比较差异有显著性（x^2=9．6,P〈0．05）,停药4周治疗组复发1例（1．11％）,对照组复发8例（8．88％）。结论月经前后用氟康唑口服及制霉菌素泡藤片阴道给药联合方案,对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的治愈率高,复发率低,疗程短,价格易接受,故取得了良好的疗效,值得推广。     

Prevalence of non-specific vaginitis and correlation with isolation of Gardnerella vaginalis in Italian outpatients

Among all subjects attending a Center for prevention of female genital tract cancer Gardnerella vaginalis was isclated from 57 out of 171 women affected by non-specific vaginitis (NSV), from 15 of 703 non-NSV vaginitis patients and from 10 of 338 healthy adults. Postmenopausal women showed an increased rate of asymptomatic carriage of G. vaginalis. The data suggest a relatively weak association between clinical diagnosis of NSV and isolation of G. vaginalis.     

Trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal smears of women using intrauterine contraceptive device.

To detect the association between the use of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) and the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis (Tv), vaginal smears of 1110 women were examined cytologically. Among 45 IUCD users, 10 women were positive for Tv (22.22%). Forty six of 1065 non-users were also positive for Tv (4.32%). There was a significant correlation between the use of IUCD and the presence of Tv (p < 0.05). The data also indicated that the prolonged use (> or = 3 years) of copper-IUCD may promote the growth of Tv in the vaginal mucosa. This result will be a clue to diagnose asymptomatic patients for Tv.     

杭州某社区老年性阴道炎发病及影响因素分析

目的 开展社区老年性阴道炎筛查,探讨其影响因素,促进早期诊治,以提高社区老年人群的生活质量.方法 对辖区内55～65岁企事业退休工人开展每年1次的老年性阴道炎筛查,同时进行生殖卫生知识的宣传教育.结果 2011年至2013年分别对辖区内的天水、武林2个街道14个社区的55～ 65岁企事业单位退休女职工开展了筛查,共筛查17 719人次,其中2011年筛查5 626人,检出老年性阴道炎1 223例(21.74％);2012年筛查5 857人,检出老年性阴道炎921例(15.72％);2013年筛查6 236人,检出老年性阴道炎837例(13.42％).2012年老年性阴道炎患病率较2011年显著降低(x2=68.340,P＜0.001),2013年老年性阴道炎患病率较2012年显著降低(x2=12.890,P＜0.001).绝经时间早(OR=2.36,95％CI:1.64 ～3.18)、绝经后性生活不规律(OR=1.95,95％ CI:1.24 ～2.78)是老年性阴道炎的危险因素;个人收入高(OR =0.67,95％ CI:0.44～0.91)、文化程度高(OR =0.71,95％ CI:0.53 ～0.94)、绝经后性生活规律(OR=0.49,95％ CI:0.36～0.59)是保护性因素.结论 老年性阴道炎的发生与文化程度,个人收入,绝经时间,性生活频次等因素有关;社区筛查并宣传教育有助于老年性阴道炎的早诊断,早治疗.     

Single-dose 500-mg clotrimazole vaginal tablets compared with placebo in the treatment of Candida vaginitis

In a double-blind controlled clinical trial, 29 practitioners randomized 55 women with culture-proven Candida vaginitis to treatment with single-dose 500-mg clotrimazole vaginal tablets, and 40 to placebo. At a follow-up visit 7 to 10 days after treatment, Candida was present in 21 (38%) of those treated with clotrimazole and in 30 (75%) in the placebo group (P less than .05). Symptoms had improved or disappeared in 38 (69%) treated with clotrimazole, compared with 22 (55%) in the placebo group (P greater than .05). In 10 (23%) of the mycologically cured women, symptoms were unchanged or worse, whereas symptoms had improved or disappeared in 26 (51%) in whom Candida was isolated at the follow-up visit (P = .015). Questionnaires sent to the 95 women 4 weeks after the follow-up visit were returned by 62. Vaginal symptoms were reported by 50% in both groups. Further clinical trials including placebo are needed in general practice in the evaluation of the treatment of Candida vaginitis.     

普罗雌烯阴道胶丸联合定君生治疗老年性阴道炎的疗效分析

目的 研究普罗雌烯阴道胶丸联合定君生治疗绝经老年性阴道炎的疗效。方法 选取2019年1月—2021年1月本院就诊60例绝经一年以上且具有老年性阴道炎症状的患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用定君生治疗,观察组采用普罗雌烯阴道胶丸联合定君生治疗,观察2组临床疗效、阴道健康评分、阴道微生态评分、临床症状消失时间以及6个月内的复发率。结果 治疗后观察组临床疗效为96.67%,高于对照组的73.33%,(χ²=4.705,P=0.030);观察组阴道健康评分为(15.54±3.36)分,高于对照组的(12.17±2.43)分(t=4.451,P<0.001),阴道微生态评分为(3.72±1.01)分,优于对照组的(5.83±1.54)分,(t=6.275,P<0.001);观察组分泌物异常消失时间为(8.46±1.15)d,短于对照组的(11.22±1.43)d,(t=8.238,P<0.001)、观察组阴道干涩消失时间为(8.68±1.52)d,短于对照组的(11.31±1.63)d,(t=6.643,P<0.001);6个月内复发率为3.3...     

Seroepidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis in rural women in Zimbabwe and patterns of association with HIV infection

Serological assays using dried blood spots from 5221 women in rural areas of eastern Zimbabwe were used to assess the epidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and its association with HIV. Antibodies to T. vaginalis and to HIV were detected by enzyme immunoassays. Behavioural and demographic data were collected by confidential questionnaires. In total, 516 (9.9%) women were seropositive for T. vaginalis and seroprevalence increased with age among younger women. Divorced, widowed and single women were more likely to be seropositive. After controlling for age, seropositivity was significantly associated with being sexually active, having multiple sex partners, having a partner who had multiple sex partners, and having a new sex partner in the past year. Seropositivity was associated with a recent history of genital discharge. Overall, 208 (40.3%) T. vaginalis-positive samples were also positive for HIV, compared with 1106 (23.5%) T. vaginalis-negative samples (age and sex adjusted OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.74-2.55, P < 0.001). There was increased risk for being HIV-positive amongst T. vaginalis-seropositive women regardless of residence, employment or education. In a logistic regression controlling for common risk factors, the association remained significant. T. vaginalis-seropositive young women with a history of genital discharge were much more likely to be HIV-positive than women who were T. vaginalis-seronegative and had no history of discharge (OR 6.08, 95 % CI 2.95-12.53). Although a causal relationship cannot be assumed, detection and treatment of trichomoniasis may be important in strategies to reduce HIV transmission through sexually transmitted infection control.