正交试验法优选蓝玉簪龙胆提取工艺

目的 研究蓝玉簪龙胆水煎煮工艺,优选最佳水提工艺条件。方法 采用正交试验法,以出膏率和龙胆苦苷含量为检测指标,用正交试验考察3种因素（加水量、煎煮次数、煎煮时间）对其含量的影响。结果 蓝玉簪龙胆的最佳水提工艺条件为：加20倍量水,煎煮3次,每次1．5h。结论 本实验为蓝玉簪龙胆药材及制剂的研究奠定了初步基础。     

正交试验法优选抗感灵颗粒的提取工艺

目的用正交试验法优选抗感灵颗粒处方中有效成分的提取工艺。方法以浸膏得率和绿原酸含量为指标,选择用水量,煎煮时间,沉淀剂为考察因素,利用正交试验L9（3^4）确定水提取中药的工艺。结果最佳工艺条件为11倍用水量,煎煮2次,提取60min,以甲壳素为沉淀剂。结论该制备工艺合理可行,其质量稳定,为抗感灵颗粒的最佳工艺。     

正交试验法优化治伤灵口服液制备工艺

目的优选治伤灵口服液的最佳提取条件。方法建立HPLC法测定口服液中芍药苷含量,在单因素试验基础上,以芍药苷含量和干膏收率为指标,按正交表L9（3^4）设计试验,优化煎煮时间、煎煮次数、加水量及醇沉浓度4个因素。结果最佳提取工艺为：用8倍量的水煎煮3次,每次1h,醇沉浓度为70％。结论优选出的提取工艺合理可行。     

生脉散配方颗粒的提取工艺研究

目的优选生脉散配方颗粒的提取工艺。方法运用L9（3^4）正交实验方法,以挥发油提取量为指标,筛选五味子挥发油最佳提取工艺;以人参皂苷提取率和浸膏得率的综合加权评分为指标,筛选人参、麦冬、五味子的最佳水提工艺。结果最佳提取工艺条件：取五味子,用6倍量水,浸泡2h,蒸馏6h提取挥发油;药渣与人参、麦冬一起,用水煎煮3次,每次加10倍量水,煎煮1h。结论该工艺条件稳定,具有可操作性和重现性。     

正交试验法优选消黄灵注射液水煎煮提取工艺的研究

目的：确定消黄灵注射液水煎煮提取最佳工艺,方法,用正交试验法对消黄灵注射液水煎煮提取工艺总浸膏量进行优选,以水饱和正丁醇提取物作为考核指标,选用L9（3)^4正交表进行实验,考察四因素分别为：煎煮时间,煎煮次数,加水量,浸泡时间等,结果：确定加生药材的8倍量水,浸泡6h,煎煮3次,每次1h为最佳方案。结论：此方法适用于本方水煎煮提取工艺。     

正交试验法优选小儿清热解毒微型灌肠剂的制备工艺

目的：通过小儿清热解毒微型灌肠剂的制备工艺研究，确定其最佳工艺条件。方法：采用正交设计重复试验法，以黄芩苷含量为指标，系统的考察了加水量(12，10，8倍)，煎煮次数(1，2，3次)，煎煮时间(1，1．5，2h)，醇沉浓度(60％，55％，65％)对小儿清热解毒微型灌肠剂质量的影响。结果：确立了其最佳工艺为大黄70％乙醇提取，金银花、荆芥、薄荷提取挥发油，残液及剩余药材加入10倍量的水，煎煮两次，煎煮时间每次为1．5h，醇沉浓度为60％。结论：该制备工艺科学合理，质量稳定，为小儿清热解毒微型灌肠剂的最佳工艺。     

咽炎颗粒的喷雾干燥工艺研究

目的确定咽炎颗粒喷雾干燥的最佳工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以含水量和蒙花苷含量为指标,考察进／出口风温、辅料加入量、浸膏相对密度3个因素对其的影响。结果咽炎颗粒喷雾干燥的最佳工艺条件为：进／出风温度160—165℃／80—85℃,辅料加入量40％,浸膏相对密度1．14。结论本试验为咽炎颗粒干燥工艺的改进提供了依据。     

丹参生药颗粒饮片及饮片提取颗粒中原儿茶醛含量的比较

目的：研究丹参生药颗粒代替饮片。方法：采用正交试验法优选凡参生药颗粒制备工艺条件,并用紫外分光光度法经颗粒、饮片汤剂及免煎饮片中的主要水溶性成分原儿茶醛含量,对浸出率进行比较。结果：丹参生药照颗粒的优选工艺条件是：药材粒度为５目,加水量是药材的２０倍,煎煮３次,每次１５ｍｉｎ。３种人煎汤剂中,生药颗粒的煎出率最高,是饮片的１．１５倍,免煎剂的３．１倍。原儿茶醛含量也以袋包颗粒是最高,是饮片的１．２     

龙胆洗液水煎醇沉工艺的正交实验研究

目的　筛选龙胆洗液的水煎醇沉最佳工艺条件。方法　HPLC法测定水煎液和醇沉液中龙胆苦苷的含量 ;采用正交设计法 ,考察前处理、煎煮时间、加水量三因素对水煎工艺有效成分提取率的影响 ;考察浓缩液浓度、醇沉至体积两因素对醇沉工艺有效成分含量的影响。结果　加水量对水煎工艺有显著影响 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;醇沉至体积对醇沉工艺有显著影响 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　结合生产实际 ,确定龙胆洗液水煎工艺最佳条件是 :浸 0h、煎煮时间 1.5h ,两次。加水量第一次 10倍 ,第二次 8倍 ;醇沉工艺最佳条件为浓缩液浓度 1.2g·ml-1、醇沉至体积 5倍。     

正交设计优选白芷的渗漉法提取工艺

目的 优选白芷的渗漉法提取工艺.方法 以欧前胡素的含量为指标,应用正交试验设计筛选白芷的最佳提取工艺条件.结果 最佳提取工艺为A2B2C3D1,即用8倍量的70%乙醇浸泡24h,渗漉速度2m/mim.结论 优选得到的工艺稳定可行.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.