CD40L和MMPs与冠脉支架介入治疗术后冠脉再狭窄的相关性及其临床意义

目的: 观察CD40L和基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）与冠脉支架介入治疗术后冠状动脉再狭窄的关系，并分析CD40L和MMPs检测的临床意义。方法: 选择330例行冠脉支架置入术冠心病患者。对所有患者分别于术前，术后1个月，6个月，1年，采用ELISA法测定CD40L、C反应蛋白（CRP）、MMP-2、MMP-9。按照冠状动脉狭窄评分（CSA），再将32例支架术后再狭窄患者分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ 3组。结果: 冠状动脉狭窄患者术后1个月，6个月，1年CD40L、CRP， MMP-2、MMP-9等较术前均有显著降低，术后再狭窄患者上述指标增高明显，随病情加重而升高，CSA积分越高上述指标增高越明显。MMP-2、MMP-9与CD40L呈正相关性（分别为r=0.51，r=0.64）。结论: CD40L和MMPs与支架术后冠状动脉再狭窄形成有一定的相关性，CD40L和MMPs的检测，有助于冠脉支架术后临床疗效的评价。     

血清C反应蛋白及类金属蛋白酶-9对PCI后血管再狭窄的预测价值

目的研究血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)及类金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)对冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后血管再狭窄的预测价值。方法 44例行PCI术的冠心病患者,半年后复查冠状动脉造影,根据是否发生再狭窄分为二组,分别测定PCI前及PCI术后24h及半年时血清CRP及MMP-9水平。结果 二组患者血清CRP水平在PCI术后24h升高,术后半年时水平降低,与PCI前比较有统计学意义,P<0.05。再狭窄组及无再狭窄组组间各相应时点比较无统计学意义,P>0.05。无再狭窄组血清MMP-9水平在术后24h与PCI前比较无统计学意义,P>0.05。术后半年时明显下降,与PCI前比较有统计学意义,P<0.05。再狭窄组三个时点血清MMP-9水平无明显变化,P>0.05。术后半年时再狭窄组血清MMP-9水平较无再狭窄组升高,二组比较有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论 存在于PCI早期血清的CRP升高,可能是血管内皮细胞修复的自然过程,其在再狭窄过程中所起的作用值得进一步探讨。PCI术后MMP-9血清水平持续升高,对预测再狭窄的发生具有一定意义。     

Serum profiles of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitor in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The effects of short-term atorvastatin administration

There is increasing evidence that abnormal cytokine expression and increased metalloproteinase activity are implicated in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes. This study investigates the serum profiles of representative metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -9) and their tissue inhibitor (TIMP-1) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina (UA) in relation to circulating proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL-6) activity. Furthermore, we examined the effects of a 30-day treatment with atorvastatin on serum levels of these inflammatory factors. Serum concentrations of MMP-1, -2, -9, TIMP-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were measured (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method) in 23 acute myocardial infarction patients and 20 unstable angina patients on 0 day, 1st, 3rd, 7th and 30th day after admission. Sixteen normal volunteers were used as healthy controls. Additionally, 12 patients of myocardial infarction group and 11 patients of unstable angina group were treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/day) for 30 days in a randomized design. In patients with myocardial infarction and unstable angina, serum levels of MMP-2, -9, TIMP-1, TNF-alpha and IL-6 were significantly higher than those of healthy controls in all time frames (p<0.05). In the group of unstable angina patients, we observed a statistically significant reduction in the levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and IL-6 after the 30-day atorvastatin administration. Our results suggest that serum MMPs, TIMP-1 and proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in the pathophysiology of the acute coronary syndromes. The reduction of these factors by short-term atorvastatin administration may provide a new insight into the pleiotropic effects of statins on unstable coronary artery disease.     

急性冠脉综合征患者药物洗脱支架雷帕霉素CypherTM植入后的不良反应分析

目的:分析雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架CypherTM植入后对急性冠脉综合征患者近、远期的不良反应.方法: 选择接受CypherTM治疗的冠心病患者83例,在支架植入术后9个月内全部接受门诊随访及冠脉造影,了解支架内急性和亚急性血栓、边缘效应、贴壁不良现象、支架处动脉瘤发生率及相应的不良心脏事件(MACE)发生情况.结果:83例患者共植入支架112个,植入成功率为98.8%(82/83).29例(34.9%)接受冠脉造影,MACE9例,发生率10.8%(9/83),其中,1例术中发生猝死,1例术后3d因亚急性血栓造成再发心肌梗死,其余7例在出院后1～3 月内发生心绞痛,皆经造影证实为血栓形成,再次成功靶血管血运重建8例;其余20例无症状患者造影发现支架边缘狭窄(无血栓)2例,总再狭窄为13.3%(11/83);无动脉瘤发生.9例MACE中,有弥漫病变5例,其中4例植入长支架,1例植入重叠支架,其余为简单病变;29例患者共发现贴壁不良现象5例,皆发生MACE,其中4例为弥漫病变植入长支架,1例为简单病变.结论:急性或亚急性血栓形成是药物支架CypheTM植入后出现的主要不良反应,可能与弥漫病变植入长、重叠支架引起贴壁不良有关.     

C-反应蛋白水平与冠脉支架术后心血管事件和再狭窄的相关性研究

目的探讨血清C反应蛋白(CRP)对支架术后6个月内心血管事件和1年内再狭窄的相关预测价值。方法对62例单支病变行冠状动脉支架植入术患者术后72小时测定血清CRP水平并记录患者术后3天至6个月来心血管事件(心绞痛、心肌梗死及死亡)及1年来支架内再狭窄情况。结果发生心血管事件组CRP水平明显高于未发生组(9.65±2.98mg/LVS7.53±2.76mg/L,P<0.05),CRP增高组与CRP正常组心血管事件发生率相似(18.0%VS8.3%P>0.05),血清CRP水平与冠脉支架术后6～12个月再狭窄无显著差异(7.58±2.16mg/LVS7.21±2.34mg/L,P>0.05;14.6%VS16.7%,P>0.05)。结论冠脉支架术后发生心血管事件与CPR水平明显相关,术后再狭窄与CPR水平无显著相关性。     

Paclitaxel-eluting stent Taxcor: first application in man

AIM: The safety and efficacy of the second-generation paclitaxel-eluting stent with bioactive matrix Taxcor after implantation in de novo coronary lesions at 6 months is unknown. METHODS: In this single-center non-controlled study, 45 patients with mean de novo coronary lesions of 12.1+/-1.9 mm in length and mean reference diameter of 2.9+/-0.3 mm received the paclitaxel-eluting stent (Taxcor). Fifty stents were implanted. Clinical and angiographic follow-up were performed after 6 months. It was the first time that the Taxcor stent was applied in patients. RESULTS: Mean stent diameter was 3.0+/-0.3 mm and mean length 21.2+/-5.9 mm. Four patients did not consent to control angiography at 6 months. Mean minimal lumen diameter increased from 1.1+/-0.1 mm (pre-stent) to 2.7+/-0.3 mm (post-stent) and had slightly decreased to 2.4+/-0.6 mm at 6-month follow-up. Mean acute lumen gain was 1.6+/-0.3 mm. Mean reference-vessel diameter was 2.9+/-0.3 mm at all time points. Mean percentage-diameter stenosis decreased from 62.6%+/-5.6 (pre-stent) to 9.1+/-6.0% (post-stent) and had increased slightly to 18.4+/-6.5% after 6 months. Mean late lumen loss was 0.3+/-0.4 mm. All patients remained symptom-free during the 6-month follow-up with no cases of acute myocardial infarction or death reported. No procedure-related complications occurred and no acute or subacute stent thromboses were reported. Control angiography showed binary restenosis (percentage-diameter stenosis >50%) in one patient, in whom coronary intervention was performed subsequently. CONCLUSION: The paclitaxel-eluting stent Taxcor appeared to be effective and safe up to 6 months following implantation.     

Chest pain after coronary artery stent implantation

A sizeable proportion of patients who undergo successful coronary artery stent implantation experiences chest pain immediately after the procedure and/or in the following months in the absence of in-stent restenosis. We investigated this phenomenon in 57 consecutive patients with stable angina who underwent successful stent implantation. Chest pain characteristics were assessed before stent implantation and during 6-month follow-up. All patients underwent coronary angiography within 6 months of the procedure 48 hours after exercise thallium-201 perfusion scintigraphy. Patients who did not exhibit in-stent restenosis underwent an ergonovine test at the end of routine coronary angiography. During follow-up, 15 patients complained of chest pain. Six of these patients exhibited scintigraphic evidence of myocardial ischemia and in-stent restenosis at angiography. In the remaining 9 patients, chest pain occurred in the absence of in-stent restenosis at angiography. In 8 of these patients intracoronary ergonovine administration reproduced their habitual pain, whereas it did not cause any pain in the 42 patients who were completely asymptomatic at follow-up and without in-stent restenosis. Ergonovine caused more intense vasoconstriction and nitroglycerin caused more intense vasodilation of the reference coronary diameter in patients with than in patients without ergonovine-induced pain (-17 +/- 3 vs -9 +/- 3%, p <0.001; 9 +/- 6 vs 5 +/- 4%, p <0.02, respectively). In conclusion, chest pain with features similar to habitual angina occurs in the absence of in-stent restenosis in 1/5 of patients after stent implantation and appears to be associated with more intense coronary vasoreactivity.     

Frequency and time course of reocclusion and restenosis in coronary artery occlusions after balloon angioplasty versus Wiktor stent implantation: results from the Mayo-Japan Investigation for Chronic Total Occlusion (MAJIC) trial

Background

Compared with balloon angioplasty, stent implantation has been shown to reduce restenosis and reocclusion after treatment of chronic total coronary artery occlusions (CTOs). However, little is known about the time course of restenosis and reocclusion after the 2 procedures. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and time course of restenosis and reocclusion after treatment of CTOs with balloon angioplasty and Wiktor stent implantation.

Methods and results

A total of 221 patients with successfully recanalized CTOs were randomly assigned to either treatment with a coil stent implantation (Wiktor stent, n = 110) or standard balloon angioplasty (n = 111). Repeat angiography was performed the day after treatment and at 6 months. Patients undergoing balloon angioplasty showed 29.8% restenosis and 1.1% reocclusion the following day versus 2% restenosis and no reocclusion in stent patients the following day. The cumulative reocclusion rate was significantly lower in the stent group than in the balloon group at 6 months (2.1% versus 9.3%, P < .05). As a result of the more frequent need of target vessel revascularization (49.5% in the balloon group and 30.6% in the stent group, P < .005) and earlier final follow-up angiography in the balloon group, the frequency of angiographic restenosis at 6 months was similar in both groups (57.3% in the stent group and 54.5% in the balloon group).

Conclusions

The frequency and time course of reocclusion and restenosis after balloon angioplasty and stent placement differ within 24 hours of the procedure and remain different on angiography at 6 months.     

血清基质金属蛋白酶9和组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1与急性脑梗死的临床关系

目的探讨脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(TIMP-1)的动态变化及对临床预后的影响。方法选择急性脑梗死患者60例,按照TOAST分型方法将脑梗死患者分为3组,心源性脑栓塞(CE)组,大动脉粥样硬化性卒中(LAA)组,腔隙性脑梗死(SA)组,每组20例;另选健康体检者20例作为对照组,分别测定急性脑梗死患者发病24 h内,第5、10天的血清MMP-9、TIMP-1含量,记录患者入院时的美国国立卫生研究所脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评分;记录发病1、6个月时的Barthal指数(BI)来评价顸后。结果发病后24 h内,脑梗死各组患者血清MMP-9、TIMP-1含量较对照组均明显升高(P<0.05),其中,CE组和LAA组MMP-9、TIMP-1含量持续至第5天仍未下降.而SA组已逐渐降至正常水平。发病后24 h内血清MMP-9含量与相应时间段NIHSS评分呈正相关。近期预后较好患者发病24 h内血清MMP-9含量明显低于预后较差患者(P<0.05)。结论MMP-9与病情的严重程度有关。脑梗死后24 h内的血清MMIP-9含量是预后的独立预测因素。     

肺炎衣原体感染对老年患者冠状动脉粥样硬化及再狭窄的影响

目的　探讨肺炎衣原体感染和炎症对老年患者冠状动脉粥样硬化和支架内再狭窄的影响。方法　 5 5 5例接受冠状动脉造影检查的患者根据造影结果分为冠状动脉粥样硬化组和无冠状动脉粥样硬化组 ,检测血清肺炎衣原体抗体IgA及C反应蛋白 (CRP)。 89例放置冠状动脉内支架的患者分感染组和非感染组 ,随访半年 ,再次行冠状动脉造影检查 ,测量支架内管腔丢失率。结果　冠状动脉粥样硬化组肺炎衣原体抗体IgA的阳性率及滴度显著高于非冠状动脉粥样硬化组 ;血清CRP水平明显升高 ,且随着病变程度加重而增加。肺炎衣原体感染组和非感染组内膜增厚发生率差异无显著性意义。但内膜增厚者血清CRP水平明显高于无内膜增厚者。结论　肺炎衣原体感染与冠状动脉粥样硬化相关 ,但不能预示支架内再狭窄的发生 ;而炎症标志物与冠状动脉粥样硬化和再狭窄的发生均相关。     

外周血Toll样受体4及TNF-α与冠状动脉支架置入术后再狭窄的关系

目的:支架术后再狭窄(in-stent restenosis,ISR)是影响冠状动脉介入疗效的主要问题,本研究探讨外周血Toll样受体4(toll like receptor4,TLR4)及TNF-α与冠状动脉支架置入术后再狭窄的相关性。方法:入选135例稳定型心绞痛患者,冠状动脉造影示单支血管病变,并成功置入支架,术后6~12个月复查冠状动脉造影,将患者分为支架术后再狭窄组和无再狭窄组,采用流式细胞技术测定支架置入术前及术后5~7d外周血单核细胞TLR4的表达量,同时用酶联免疫吸附试验法(ELISA)检测血清中TNF-α的浓度。结果:复查冠状动脉造影发现14例患者发生支架内再狭窄,占10.4%,无再狭窄组121例,占89.6%。组间比较:术前TLR4及TNF-α的表达水平在两组间差异无统计学意义。分别为:TLR4[(144.20±52.99)vs.(117.40±61.9),P0.05],TNF-α[(34.32±11.97)vs.(27.47±14.47)ng/L;P0.05];术后5~7d两组患者TLR4与TNF-α表达均升高,且再狭窄组升高更明显:TLR4[(182.20±61.59)vs.(125.10±61.9),P0.01],TNF-α(52.62±19.04)vs.(32.63±13.71)ng/L,P0.01)。再狭窄组术后TLR4和TNF-α均升高,与支架置入术前相比差异有统计学意义;术后血清中TNF-α的浓度与外周血单核细胞中TLR4表达的平均荧光强度呈正相关。结论:冠状动脉支架置入术后外周血TLR4及TNF-α的表达均升高,且再狭窄组升高更明显,与无再狭窄组比较,差异有统计学意义。推测TLR4及TNF-α介导的炎症反应与支架术后再狭窄相关。     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism does not influence the restenosis rate after coronary stent implantation

BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have shown an activation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) system as a response to endothelial injury. Recent publications have elucidated the hypothesis that the ACE gene polymorphism may influence the level of late luminal loss after coronary stent implantation. It is still unclear whether the polymorphism of the angiotensin gene is a major predictor of the extent of neointimal hyperplasia. In this multicenter study, we therefore tested the relationship between the ACE gene polymorphism and the restenosis rate after coronary stent implantation. METHODS: As a substudy of the optimization with intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) to reduce stent restenosis (OPTICUS) study, we analyzed ACE serum levels and the ACE gene polymorphism in 154 patients at 9 different centers. All patients underwent elective coronary stent implantation in a stenosis of a major coronary vessel. Balloon inflations were repeated until a satisfactory result was achieved in on-line quantitative coronary angiography or ICUS fulfilling the OPTICUS study criteria. After follow-up of 6 months, all patients underwent reangiography under identical projections as the baseline procedure. A blinded quantitative analysis of the initial procedure as well as the follow-up examinations were performed by an independent core laboratory. ACE gene polymorphism and ACE serum activity were measured at the 6-month follow-up in a double-blinded setting. RESULTS: With respect to the ACE gene polymorphism, there were three subgroups: DD genotype (48 patients), ID (83 patients) and II (23 patients). The subgroups did not differ in regard to age, gender, extent of coronary artery disease, stenosis length, initial degree of stenosis or degree of stenosis after stent implantation. In all, 39 patients (25.3%) had significant restenosis: 12 DD patients (25.0%), 18 ID patients (21.7%) and 9 II patients (39.1%) (odds ratio 2.164, 95% confidence interval 0.853-5.493). We obtained the following results for ACE serum levels: 0.53 micromol/l/s in the DD subgroup, 0.29 micromol/l/s in the ID subgroup and 0.09 micromol/l/s in the II subgroup (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the influence of ACE gene polymorphism on the restenosis rate after coronary stent implantation adjusted for lesion length (>12 mm), ACE inhibitor or hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (CSE) inhibitor treatment, age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, high cholesterol, family history, smoking and three-vessel disease did not uncover any statistic significance. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to other study groups, we were unable to disclose that the DD polymorphism of the ACE gene was associated with a higher rate of restenosis after coronary stent implantation in this multicenter study. In addition, patients with higher ACE serum levels did not show a higher restenosis rate in this trial. We conclude that the pathogenesis of restenosis is a multifactorial process involving various genetic and nongenetic factors.     

普罗布考对合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉药物洗脱支架置入术后再狭窄及炎症因子的影响

目的评价普罗布考对合并糖尿病的冠心病患者药物洗脱支架置入术后再狭窄发生率及炎症因子的影响,初步探讨普罗布考预防再狭窄的临床价值及可能机制。方法入选72例合并糖尿病并接受药物洗脱支架置入术的冠心病患者,随机分为普罗布考组（36例）和对照组（36例）。普罗布考组在常规药物的基础上加服普罗布考（0.25 g,每日2次）,连续服药至PCI术后6个月,所有患者行冠状动脉造影复查。支架内再狭窄定义为支架内或两端5 mm内出现≥50%狭窄程度的病变。测定术前及术后6个月的血清超敏C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α的浓度变化。结果对照组中10例（27.8%）发生再狭窄,普罗布考组仅3例（8.3%）发生再狭窄,两组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0.032）;术后6个月时两组患者炎症因子水平较术前均有下降,普罗布考组下降更显著,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论普罗布考能够有效降低合并糖尿病的冠心病患者置入药物洗脱支架置入后再狭窄的发生,其机制可能与抗炎作用有关。     

Long-term follow-up of the first 56 patients treated with intracoronary self-expanding stents (the Lausanne experience)

Fifty-six patients treated with the self-expanding intracoronary stent for acute occlusion during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or restenosis were followed for 24 to 43 months (mean 34). Successful deployment and positioning were achieved in 55 of 56 patients. Occlusion of the stent was documented in 8 patients, the earliest occurring 30 minutes and the latest 8 months after implantation. Three of the occluded stents were recanalized by PTCA. Coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) were required in 4 patients: 1 for symptomatic restenosis, 1 for left main stenosis adjacent to the stent and 2 for acute ischemia during the in-hospital stay (less than 7 days). Myocardial infarction occurred in the territory of the stented vessel in 8 patients. Seven patients died between 1 day and 19 months after implantation. Local bleeding complications occurred in 10 patients, with 5 requiring blood transfusion. Restenosis within the stent was angiographically documented in 5 patients (9%). A new lesion in the treated vessel was found in 10 patients, followed by implantation of a second stent in 5 and a third stent in 1 patient. Medical treatment was instituted in the remaining 4 patients. Forty-nine patients (88%) are alive. Twenty-nine patients (51%) remained asymptomatic, and 44 (78%) are in a better functional class than before the implantation. Eleven of 15 (79%) major complications (acute occlusions or deaths) occurred in patients who received a stent in the left anterior descending coronary artery. In conclusion, implantation of the self-expanding intracoronary stent appears to be a new therapeutic option for treating acute occlusion or restenosis after PTCA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

门控核素心肌灌注显像判断冠状动脉支架再狭窄的价值

目的:探讨门控核素心肌灌注显像(G-MPI)对冠状动脉(冠脉)支架再狭窄的诊断价值.方法:65例冠脉支架术后3个月以上的患者行两日法负荷/静息99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI) G-MPI,所有患者的G-MPI与冠脉造影(CAG)均在同期的1个月内完成,其中先做CAG检查的患者未进行再次血运重建术.以CAG为标准,分析G-MPI诊断冠脉支架再狭窄的价值.结果:65例患者的88支冠脉共置入105枚支架,随访CAG发现38.5%(25/65)的患者出现支架再狭窄,发生再狭窄的支架数为29.5%(31/105);根据典型症状诊断支架再狭窄的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为64.0%、22.5%、38.5%;心电图运动平板试验(ETT)诊断支架再狭窄的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为41.2%、71.9%、61.2%;G-MPI诊断支架再狭窄的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为92.9%、86.7%、88 6%,其准确性明显优于ETT(χ2=14.173,P<0.001)和症状(χ2=42.781,P<0.001).结论:G-MPI诊断冠脉支架术后再狭窄具有良好的价值.     

Late restenosis following sirolimus-eluting stent implantation

Despite encouraging results from randomized trials, concerns exist about long-term results of sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. We sought to determine whether in-stent restenosis occurring >1 year ("late") after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation is a real clinical entity. We analyzed data on all sirolimus-eluting stents implanted in our institution before March 2003. During the study period 928 lesions in 433 patients were treated. Angiographic follow-up was performed in 306 patients (70.6%) with 679 lesions (73.2%). Angiography after 1 year was performed only in symptomatic patients. We considered restenosis "early" if it occurred during the first year and late if after 1 year. Late restenosis required demonstration of a widely patent stent at 6 to 9 months, with repeat angiography after 1 year demonstrating restenosis. Restenosis occurred in 160 lesions overall (23.5%). Of the 31 (4.6%) that were documented after 1 year, 13 were excluded from analysis due to absence of 6- to 9-month angiography; the remaining 18 (2.6%, 1.7 to 4.2) fulfilled our criteria for late restenosis (median time of documentation 607 days, interquartile range 511 to 923). In conclusion, late restenosis is an infrequent but real entity; its existence implies we should not discount the possibility of restenosis as the cause of symptoms that develop >1 year after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation.     

心肌桥和心肌桥近端合并严重动脉粥样硬化病变的介入治疗疗效观察

目的通过与心肌桥本身介入治疗疗效的比较,观察心肌桥近端血管严重动脉粥样硬化病变的介入治疗疗效。方法试验组选择心肌桥近端动脉粥样硬化并严重狭窄（≥70％）者28例（A组）,对照组选择有症状的单纯心肌桥改变且收缩期严重狭窄（≥195％）者16例（B组）和单纯前降支动脉粥样硬化严重狭窄（≥70％）者54例（C组）,应用普通冠状动脉支架介入治疗。结果三组均成功行介入手术,三组支架置入后的血管内径及支架长度比较差异无统计学意义。A组6个月内4例（14．3％）再狭窄,B组6个月内7例（43．7％）出现再狭窄,C组8例（14．8％）再狭窄,A组和c组的再狭窄率差异无统计学意义,但均显著低于B组（P〈0．05）。三组中再狭窄患者均再次接受介入治疗。结论心肌桥近端严重动脉粥样硬化病变的介入治疗疗效未受心肌桥近端异常血流动力学的影响。但心肌桥病变本身的介入治疗远期再狭窄率较高。     

Plasma levels of C-reactive protein after coronary stent implantation.

AIMS: This study was designed to investigate the role of inflammation on the occurrence of angiographic restenosis 6 months after coronary stent implantation and the influence of different kinds of antithrombotic and antiplatelet strategies on inflammation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In an open randomized trial, 40 consecutive patients were treated with aspirin (100 mg. day(-1)) and either ticlopidine (2x250 mg. day(-1)) (n=17), or phenprocoumon (INR 2.0-3.0) and dipyridamole (3x160 mg. day(-1)) (n=23) after successful elective coronary stent implantation. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein were determined one day before stent implantation and serially thereafter twice daily up to 120 h. C-reactive protein plasma levels increased significantly (P<0.0001) after stent implantation. Phenprocoumon and dipyridamole or ticlopidine had no effect on C-reactive protein plasma levels (P=0.51) or the occurrence of angiographic restenosis (P=0.48). C-reactive protein plasma levels were significantly higher in patients with lesion type C compared to types A or B (P=0.035), respectively. C-reactive protein plasma levels were significantly higher and mean shoulder levels occurred 48 h later in patients with restenosis compared to patients without restenosis after 6 months (P=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated C-reactive protein plasma levels still persisting 96 h after stent implantation might reflect a prolonged inflammatory reaction to coronary stent implantation which might causally be involved in pathophysiological mechanisms leading to restenosis.     

氧化低密度脂蛋白、高敏C反应蛋白与冠状动脉支架置入术后再狭窄的关系

目的:探讨氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后支架内再狭窄的相关性。方法:45例患者PCI术后6~12个月内接受冠状动脉造影复查,其中18例有再狭窄作为再狭窄组,27例无再狭窄作为对照组。2组术后均接受阿司匹林、波立维、他汀类等药物治疗。取2组患者PCI术前、后冠状动脉造影复查时血浆标本,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血浆ox-LDL水平,超敏免疫比浊法检测血浆hs-CRP水平,酶法测定血脂水平。结果:①再狭窄组PCI术后ox-LDL、hs-CRP水平较术前均明显升高[(1.32±0.35)∶(0.53±0.17)mg/L、(4.82±1.44)∶(3.50±1.18)mg/L],均P0.01;对照组PCI后ox-LDL、hs-CRP水平较术前明显下降[(0.32±0.13)∶(0.55±0.13)mg/L、(2.28±0.71)∶(3.37±1.25)mg/L],均P0.05。②再狭窄组和对照组PCI术前ox-LDL、hs-CRP水平差异无统计学意义,再狭窄组PCI术后ox-LDL、hs-CRP水平显著高于对照组(均P0.01)。③再狭窄组和对照组术后TC、TG、LDL-C水平均较术前明显下降(P0.05),但2组间PCI术前和术后比较均差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。④再狭窄组和对照组术前、术后ox-LDL和hs-CRP水平均呈正相关。结论:PCI术后再狭窄患者血浆ox-LDL及CRP水平明显升高,二者可作为PCI术后再狭窄的预测指标。     

冠状动脉支架术后的胸部不适与再狭窄

目的 :了解冠状动脉支架术后胸部不适与再狭窄关系。方法 :选择接受冠状动脉支架术并在 6个月内进行了冠状动脉造影检查的 186例患者 ,对术后胸部不适和无胸部不适患者进行冠心病易患因素和术后再狭窄比较。结果 :胸部不适和无胸部不适者术后支架内再狭窄的百分率分别为 2 1.4 %和 15 .2 % ,两组的再狭窄率差异无显著性意义。结论 :冠状动脉支架术后的胸部不适除与再狭窄有关外 ,可能与血管内皮功能紊乱及血管的反应性有关。