电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定五层共挤输液用袋镁、铝含量及迁移量

摘 要 目的： 建立五层共挤输液用袋材料中镁、铝含量及输液中镁、铝迁移量的电感耦合等离子体质谱测定法（ICP-MS）。方法: 采用微波消解对样品进行处理,ICP MS法测定镁、铝的含量。结果: 镁、铝在2.5~20.0 μg·L^-1范围内均呈良好的线性关系,r值分别为0.999 6和0.999 7;镁、铝平均回收率分别为92.90%（RSD=3.01%,n=9）、94.15%（RSD=4.11%,n=9）。结论:该方法准确、稳定,操作简便,适用于对五层共挤输液用袋材料中镁、铝含量及输液中镁、铝迁移量的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定五层共挤输液用袋硅含量及迁移量

目的建立五层共挤输液用袋材料中硅含量及输液中硅迁移量的电感耦合等离子体质谱测定法(ICP-MS)。方法采用微波消解对样品进行消解处理,在确定的光谱条件下用ICP-MS测定法测定硅的含量。结果硅在1.5~5.0μg.mL 1内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 5);硅含量测定的平均回收率为98.4%(RSD=2.3%)。结论该方法准确、灵敏、简便,适用于对五层共挤输液用袋材料中硅含量及输液中硅迁移量的测定。     

ICP-MS测定三层共挤输液用袋中镁、铝元素的含量及迁移量

目的建立三层共挤输液用袋中镁、铝元素的含量及迁移量的ICP-MS测定方法。方法采用炽灼残渣的方法对样品进行前处理,ICP-MS检测镁、铝元素的含量。取三层共挤输液用袋包装的葡萄糖、氯化钠两种临床常用的注射液做加速试验,通过ICP-MS检测镁、铝元素的迁移量。结果镁、铝元素在0.01~0.20μg·mL^-1范围内线性关系良好,r值均为0.9999。镁、铝元素在三层共挤输液用袋含量试验中的平均回收率分别为99.6%(RSD=3.2%,n=9)、101.0%(RSD=4.0%,n=9);在0.9%氯化钠注射液中镁、铝迁移量平均回收率分别为95.1%(RSD=2.0%,n=9)和93.2%(RSD=1.2%,n=9);三层共挤输液用袋装5%葡萄糖注射液中镁、铝迁移量平均回收率分别为102.7%(RSD=1.6%,n=9)和100.3%(RSD=1.3%,n=9)。结论本方法准确、灵敏,操作简便,可用于测定三层共挤输液用袋中镁、铝元素的含量及迁移量,同时为其安全性提供数据参考。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定输液容器用聚丙烯粒料中钛残留含量及迁移量

目的 建立输液容器用聚丙烯粒料中钛残留含量及输液袋中钛迁移量的石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法的测定方法。方法 采用微波消解对样品进行消解处理,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定样品中钛含量。结果 钛在0∽200 ng.mL 1内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.999 9）;钛含量测定的平均回收率为97.22%（RSD=3.91%）。结论 该方法准确、灵敏、简便,适用于对输液容器用聚丙烯粒料中钛残留含量及钛向输液中迁移量的测定。     

HPLC测定三层共挤输液用袋中抗氧剂PEPQ的含量

目的 建立三层共挤输液用袋中抗氧剂四(2,4-二叔丁基酚)-4,4-联苯基二亚磷酸酯(PEPQ)的含量测定法。方法 采用Dikma Diamonsil C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-四氢呋喃(80∶20),柱温30 ℃,检测波长270 nm。结果 抗氧剂PEPQ在0~200.0 μg·mL^-1内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999),抗氧剂PEPQ回收率为92.3%(RSD=1.97%)。结论 该方法准确、灵敏、简便,适用于测定三层共挤输液用袋中抗氧剂PEPQ的含量。     

GC-MS法测定三层共挤输液用袋中苯乙烯单体在氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液中的迁移量

摘 要 目的：建立GC-MS法测定三层共挤输液用袋中苯乙烯单体在氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液中迁移量的方法。方法: 采用GC-MS法测定氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液中苯乙烯单体含量,从而考察氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液的包装袋（三层共挤输液用袋）中苯乙烯在药液中的迁移量,色谱柱为DB 624 123 1334毛细管柱（30 m×0.32 mm,1.8 μm）,柱温采用程序升温,顶空自动进样,由电子轰击源（EI）选择离子监测（SIM）模式进行检测。结果:苯乙烯在46.96～543.60 ng·mL^-1（r=0.999 9）浓度范围内具有良好线性关系;平均回收率为101.2%,RSD为3.1%（n=9）。结论:本方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于该药品与包装的相容性评价。     

输液袋用聚碳酸酯组合盖中双酚A含量及双酚A向输液中迁移量的测定

目的建立输液袋用聚碳酸酯组合盖中双酚A含量及双酚A向输液中迁移量的高效液相色谱测定法。方法采用Diamosil-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-水(80∶20),检测波长为227 nm,流速1.0 mL.min 1。结果双酚A在1.354~27.08 ng内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9);聚碳酸酯组合盖中双酚A含量和双酚A向输液中迁移量测定的平均回收率分别为91.7%(RSD=2.3%)和93.9%(RSD=1.8%)。结论该方法准确、灵敏、简便,适用于对输液袋用聚碳酸酯组合盖中双酚A含量及双酚A向输液中迁移量的测定。     

微波消解-原子吸收分光光度法测定明胶空心胶囊中的铬试验条件探讨

目的:建立并验证用微波消解-原子吸收分光光度法测定明胶空心胶囊中铬含量的方法。方法:采用微波消解系统消解样品,以石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定空心胶囊中铬元素的含量。结果:线性范围为0～60 ng.mL-1,回归方程为Y=0.01730X+0.0377,r=0.9995。样品加标平均回收率分别为102.5%,87.5%,82.9%,满足要求。结论:本法结果准确、操作简便、分析速度较快,适用于明胶空心胶囊中铬的测定     

HPLC法测定五层共挤输液用袋中抗氧剂1178的含量

摘 要 目的： 建立五层共挤输液用袋中抗氧剂1178的含量测定方法。 方法: 色谱柱：Uitimat XB C₈（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相：甲醇-水梯度洗脱,流速:1.0 ml·min^-1,检测波长：223 nm,柱温：35℃,进样量20 μl。结果:抗氧剂1178在1.64～205.10μg·ml^-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为92.05%,RSD=1.94%（n=9）。结论: 建立的方法结果准确、稳定性好、专属性强,可用于五层共挤输液用袋中抗氧剂1178的含量测定。     

原子吸收分光光度法测定薄膜包衣预混剂中的铅、铁含量

摘 要 目的： 建立原子吸收分光光度法测定薄膜包衣预混剂中铅、铁含量的分析方法。方法: 样品经微波消解,采用石墨炉法测定铅含量,火焰法测定铁含量。结果: 铅质量浓度在1.0～5.0 μg·L^-1范围内与吸光度线性关系良好（r=0.999 4）;铁质量浓度在0.1～1.0 mg·L^-1范围内线性关系良好（r=0.998 4）。铅的回收率为91.3%（RSD=1.4%,n=9）;铁的回收率为89.9%（RSD=3.5%,n=9）。结论:该方法准确、稳定,可较好地用于薄膜包衣预混剂铅、铁的含量测定。     

The Mg2+ and Mg(2+)-nucleotide-regulated channel-kinase TRPM7

TRPM7 is a member of the melastatin-related subfamily of TRP channels and represents a protein that contains both an ion channel and a kinase domain. The protein is ubiquitously expressed and represents the only ion channel known that is essential for cellular viability. TRPM7 is a divalent cation-selective ion channel that is permeable to Ca2+ and Mg2+, but also conducts essential metals such as Zn2+, Mn2+, and Co2+, as well as nonphysiologic or toxic metals such as Ni2+, Cd2+, Ba2+, and Sr2+. The channel is constitutively open but strongly downregulated by intracellular levels of Mg2+ and MgATP and other Mg-nucleotides. Reducing the cellular levels of these regulators leads to activation of TRPM7-mediated currents that exhibit a characteristic nonlinear current-voltage relationship with pronounced outward rectification due to divalent influx at physiologically negative voltages and monovalent outward fluxes at positive voltages. TRPM7 channel activity is also actively regulated following receptor-mediated changes in cyclic AMP (cAMP) and protein kinase A activity. This regulation as well as that by Mg-nucleotides requires a functional endogenous kinase domain. The function of the kinase domain is not completely understood, but may involve autophosphorylation of TRPM7 as well as phosphorylation of other target proteins such as annexin and myosin IIA heavy chain. Based on these properties, TRPM7 is currently believed to represent a ubiquitous homeostatic mechanism that regulates Ca2+ and Mg2+ fluxes based on the metabolic state of the cell. Physiologically, the channel may serve as a regulated transport mechanism for these ions that could affect cell adhesion, cell growth and proliferation, and even cell death under pathological stress such as anoxia.     

Regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase by Mg2+ and magnification of leucine activation by Mg2+

In the presence of Mg2+, pure glutamate dehydrogenase is more reactive with NADPH than with NADH and is markedly activated by elevations in the ADP/ATP ratio or the addition of leucine. Because these are properties of glutamate dehydrogenase in mitochondria but not properties of the pure enzyme studied in the absence of Mg2+, Mg2+ could be a ligand that confers upon glutamate dehydrogenase the regulatory properties of this enzyme found in situ. In the absence of the allosteric activators ADP, leucine, or succinyl-CoA, Mg2+ is an inhibitor and increases product inhibition by alpha-ketoglutarate in the forward reaction and substrate inhibition by alpha-ketoglutarate in the reverse reaction. However, the allosteric activators convert Mg2+ from an inhibitor into an activator of the forward reaction. In the reverse reaction, ADP also converts Mg2+ from an inhibitor into an activator and leucine eliminates inhibition by Mg2+. Because Mg2+ is an inhibitor in the absence of activator that also increases inhibition by alpha-ketoglutarate, whereas in the presence of activator Mg2+ has no effect or is itself an activator, Mg2+ magnifies the effect of the activator, and magnification increases with increases in the concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate. Leucine and its analog 2-aminobicyclo (2.2.1) heptane 2-carboxylic acid (BCH) have almost identical effects on both human and bovine glutamate dehydrogenase in both the presence and absence of Mg2+. However, advantages of BCH over leucine as a potential pharmacological activator of glutamate dehydrogenase are that BCH is not metabolized and, unlike leucine, BCH does not inhibit ornithine transcarbamylase. Isoleucine and valine alone have little effect on human glutamate dehydrogenase, but isoleucine slightly inhibits the enzyme in the presence of leucine.     

脑蛋白水解物注射液中钙镁元素含量的测定

目的测定脑蛋白水解物注射液中钙镁元素的含量。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法测定脑蛋白水解物注射液中钙镁元素的含量。结果国内31家企业生产的脑蛋白水解物注射液中镁钙元素含量差别较大,Ca/Mg也有较大差异。结论为研究该品种的质量提供了有用的数据。     

Inhibition of the mitochondrial Mg2+-ATPase by propranolol

The in vitro effects of propranolol, a commonly used beta-adrenergic blocker, on the membrane structure and function of rat heart mitochondria were investigated. It was found that the respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation of the isolated mitochondria decreased concomitantly when the drug was added to the assay medium. At the concentration higher than 1.0 X 10(-4) M, propranolol significantly inhibited the State 3 respiration but had little effect on the State 4 respiration of the mitochondria. On the other hand, the drug exhibited noncompetitive inhibitions toward the Mg2+-ATPase activity of submitochondrial particles and purified enzyme preparations at the concentrations ranging from 3.0 X 10(-4) to 1.5 X 10(-3) M. The inhibitory constants of propranolol toward the enzyme activity in submitochondrial particles and in the purified preparation were estimated to be 6.7 X 10(-4) and 1.4 X 10(-3) M, respectively. However, the drug did not show significant effect on the activity of any of the enzyme complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is thus concluded that propranolol impairs the mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation mainly through its inhibition of the Mg2+-ATPase activity of the mitochondria. This effect of propranolol may explain, at least partly, its depression effects on the cardiac functions of the animal.     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定转化糖电解质注射液中镁的含量

目的:建立转化糖电解质注射液中镁含量的测定方法.方法:采用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收分光光度法(Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry,FAAS)测定样品中镁元素的含量,结果:线性范围为0.05～0.25μg·mL-1,r=0.9999;平均加样回收率为99.8%(n=9).结论:该测定方法简便、精密度高、重复性好,适用于转化糖电解质注射液中镁含量的质量控制.     

喹诺酮类药物无菌检查中Mg2+的应用研究

目的研究Mg2+在喹诺酮类药物无菌检查法中的应用。方法在培养基中加入不同浓度的Mg2+,观察不同方法中6种阳性对照菌的生长情况。结果 Mg2+浓度对消除喹诺酮类药物的抑菌性有不同的影响。结论 Mg2+浓度为0.2 mol/L的培养基能有效消除喹诺酮类药物的抑菌性。     

bFGF诱导血管形成中Mg~(2+)重要作用的研究

目的探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblastgrowth factor,bFGF)对人脐带静脉内皮细胞(human umbilicalvein endothelial cells,HUVECs)内游离镁离子浓度([Mg2+]i)的调节机制及Mg2+与新生血管形成间相关性。方法我们采用荧光指示剂mag-fura-2,运用PTi阳离子测定系统动态测HUVECs的[Mg2+]i。新鲜脐带内灌注胶原酶消化,获得内皮细胞,用含体积分数为0.2胎牛血清的M199液进行培养,当细胞外Mg2+浓度分别为0,1和2mmol.L-1时,观察了bFGF促进HUVECs血管形成的能力。结果bFGF诱导的[Mg2+]i增加与细胞外Mg2+存在无关,在细胞外无Mg2+时,bFGF能剂量依赖性地增加[Mg2+]i。bF-GF诱导的[Mg2+]i增加与细胞外Na+浓度和细胞内Ca2+浓度无关,经bFGF的受体(KDR)阻断剂SU1498预处理,能明显阻断bFGF诱导的[Mg2+]i增加。当细胞外Mg2+为0mmol.L-1时,HUVECs形成血管作用受到明显抑制,bFGF也不刺激血管形成,但当细胞外Mg2+为1或2mmol·L-1时,bFGF可促进HUVECs形成血管。当细胞外Mg2+为1mmol·L-1时,KDR阻断剂SU1498可明显抑制bFGF促进HUVECs形成血管的作用。结论bFGF通过KDR信号传递途径使细胞内的Mg2+库释放Mg2+,从而增加HUVECs的[Mg2+]i,并对促进血管形成起重要作用。     

Differential effect of ethacrynic acid on microsomal Mg2+-ATPase.

The effect of ethacrynic acid (EA) was studied on microsomal ATPase in various tissues of the rat and in kidneys of different species. Inhibition of Na,K-ATPase in microsomes of kidney medulla and cortex was observed only at 5 × 10^?3 M EA. At concentrations of 10^?5?10^?4 M, EA caused some enhancement of Na,K-ATPase activity. Microsomal Mg-ATPase of kidney medulla and cortex was inhibited by EA at concentrations of 10^?5?10^?3 M in various rodents (rat, mouse, guinea-pig and rabbit) as well as in human and cat kidney. EA showed the same differential effect on kidney microsomal Mg-ATPase when microsomes were prepared without treatment with desoxycholate, when chloride was replaced by sulfate in the medium. EA inhibited preferentially Mg-ATPase vs Na, K-ATPase in micro-somes of rat brain and rat submaxillary gland.