Evaluation of creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB for diagnosing myocardial infarction. Clinical impact in the emergency room

We prospectively studied the performance of emergency room strategies using a single sampling of total creatine kinase (CK) only and total CK with, if total CK levels were elevated, CK-MB levels in 639 patients with acute chest pain, including 386 patients who were admitted and 253 patients who were discharged. Acute myocardial infarction was diagnosed in 104 patients and excluded in 535. An elevated total CK level had a sensitivity of only 38% and specificity of only 80%, whereas a CK-MB level over 5% of an elevated total CK level had a sensitivity of only 34% and specificity of 88%. The sensitivities of both CK and CK-MB were higher in patients who arrived more than four hours after the onset of symptoms, and, in this population, the strategy using CK-MB performed significantly better than the strategy using total CK alone. Since a very positive CK-MB in a low-risk patient can greatly raise the probability of myocardial infarction, future strategies using CK-MB may have a role in selected subsets in determining which patients should not be sent home. However, the sensitivity of a single sampling of CK and CK-MB is too low for these assays to be used to exclude myocardial infarction in the emergency room or to be used as the rationale for deciding not to admit a patient.     

Early diagnosis of myocardial infarct: value of the combined use of creatine kinase and MB isoenzyme determinations

To define the optimal diagnostic strategy for acute myocardial infarction, 225 patients with suspected myocardial infarction were studied by serial (3 hour intervals) sampling for CK and CK-MB enzyme activity. In 12 patients the diagnosis of myocardial infarction was rejected. In the remaining 213 the myocardial infarction was transmural in 183 (anterior in 79, postero-inferior in 95, anterior and inferior in 9), non transmural in 30. In these patients the mean increase of enzyme activity, the time to pick activity and the infarct size (Sobel method) were measured. The best diagnostic sensitivity in the early phases of myocardial infarction was obtained by the combined use of CK and CK-MB determinations (95.9% of the diagnosis at 9 hours after the acute event). However the percent of positivity of CK & CK-MB values occurred significantly (p less than 0.01) later in non transmural (4.3% at 3, 34.7% at 6 and 86.9% at 9 hours after the onset of the chest pain) than in transmural myocardial infarction (25.2% at 3, 54.4% at 6 and 97.6% at 9 hours) and among these in inferior as compared to anterior (18.7% vs 32.2% at 3 hours, 46.8% vs 62.7% at 6 hours and 96.8% vs 98.3% at 9 hours). The CK/CK-MB ratio was of limited diagnostic value because it was increased (greater than 8) in most of the patients, either with normal or abnormal enzymes activities. Early kinetics differed in the different anatomo-clinical types of infarction. In all locations of myocardial infarction the mean enzyme activity increase was significantly correlated with the calculated enzymatic infarct size.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

急性心肌梗死溶栓疗效判断中血清酶测定时间的合理选择

目的　适时合理选择急性心肌梗死 (AMI)溶栓疗效判断中血清酶学指标。方法　回顾性分析 145例AMI溶栓患者血清酶学及心肌肌钙蛋白T(TnT)资料 ,其中男 10 7例 ,女 38例 ,平均年龄 (6 1 9± 9 3)岁。以无创指标判断溶栓成功者 110例 ,未成功者 35例。 6 5例行冠脉造影 ,梗死相关血管 (IRA)开通者 44例 ,未开通者2 1例。 5 9例同时测定TnT。结果　 (1)TnT首次异常检出率 84 7% ,高于肌酸磷酸激酶 (CK)同功酶 (CK -MB)(4 9 2 % ) (P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )溶栓成功、IRA开通者与溶栓未成功、IRA未开通者间CK/CK -MB峰值无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　 (1)TnT用于AMI心肌损伤早期诊断优于CK -MB。 (2 )CK/CK -MB峰值前移与溶栓成功与否、IRA开通与否有关 ,而CK/CK -MB峰绝对值与此无直接关系。对早期溶栓的AMI患者不必过早取血测定CK/CK -MB ,而在发病后 16～ 2 0h间取血测定即可满足判断酶峰是否前移的需要 ,从而减轻病人痛苦和经济负担。     

Alterations in serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. Association with abdominal aortic surgery, myocardial infarction and bowel necrosis

Experimental studies have shown that peripheral serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase change with bowel infarction. Some clinical reports have suggested that similar changes occur in patients. This prospective study documents the changes in these enzymes associated with acute myocardial infarction, acute bowel necrosis (MES INF), and uncomplicated abdominal aortic reconstruction. Analysis of 15 patients with AMI, 13 patients undergoing major AAS, and eight patients with MES INF has shown that these conditions may be differentiated by analysis of serum CK and LD isoenzymes. The study suggests that in the absence of electrocardiographic changes, a patient with epigastric distress with elevated levels of serum CK and either CK-MB or CK-BB bands present may well have a mesenteric rather than a myocardial infarction. Acute myocardial infarction can be ruled out further through analysis of serum LD1/LD2 ratios.     

Creatine kinase-MB mass concentration versus creatine kinase-B activity for the detection of acute myocardial infarction in patients with slightly elevated total creatine kinase activity in serum

Abstract. Objective . The diagnostic value of creatine kinase-MB mass concentration (CK-MB mass) was compared with that of creatine kinase-B (CK-B) activity in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) but with total serum CK activity only slightly above the reference range. Design . One hundred consecutive blood samples with total CK activity between 120 and 360 U I^-1 and CK-B activity ≥ 9 U I^-1 were analysed. Electrophoresis of CK isoenzymes was also performed. Setting . Patients from all departments of the hospital were included. About half of the patients originated from the coronary care unit. Subjects . The blood samples derived from 49 patients. Thirteen patients had at least one serum sample with total CK activity above 360 U I^-1. These and another three patients were omitted from the study. Results . Acute myocardial infarction had been diagnosed clinically (with CK and CK-B methods) in 12 of 33 patients. However, using the CK-MB mass concentration of the reference method, five of these 12 patients did not have myocardial infarction whereas nine patients with small infarctions were undetected. A good correlation was seen between the results from CK-MB mass concentration and CK isoenzyme electrophoresis, but there was a poor correlation between these methods and CK-B activity including the CK-B/CK ratio. A relatively high proportion (24%) of the selected patients had increased levels of macro CK. Conclusion . CK-B activity was inaccurate for the detection of probable myocardial infarction in patients with slightly elevated total CK activity. Increased levels of macro CK interfering with the CK-B assay was one explanation for this observation.     

Occurrence of non-Q wave myocardial infarction following percutaneous coronary intervention in the stent era: systematic monitoring of the three markers of myocardial necrosis

OBJECTIVES: To compare the elevation of the three markers total creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB mass, and troponin I (TnI) and their relationship with clinical and procedural characteristics following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 385 patients consecutively undergoing successful PCI. The three markers were systematically measured before and at 6, 12, and 24 hours after PCI. Any increase above the upper normal limit (UNL) of any marker has been considered abnormal when basal values were normal, while a further increase was needed when basal values were altered. Patients with ongoing acute myocardial infarction were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS: TnI was above UNL in 183 patients (51%); in 138 (38.5%) it was the only marker altered. CK-MB mass was elevated in 12.8% patients, more than 3x UNL in 5.5% and more than 5x UNL in 2.8%. In over one half of these patients, CK-MB values peaked at 12 hours following PCI. Total CK was above UNL in 23 patients only (6.4%) and more than twice UNL in 5 (1.4%). Only 1 patient out of the 5 with CK-MB mass more than 10x UNL had total CK higher than twice UNL. In our population, post-PCI elevation of myocardial necrosis markers correlate with the occurrence of minor procedural complications (observed overall in 7.8% cases; TnI and/or CK-MB > 1xUNL 96% vs 47.5%, P < 0.001) and the presence of higher complexity clinical and/or procedural features, such as multivessel disease, multivessel or multilesion PCI, multiple stenting and use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: The elevation of at least one biochemical marker of myocardial necrosis is frequent following successful PCI with routine stent implantation. CK-MB mass is the most practical marker, having optimal kinetic and peaking with the first 12-18 hours post-PCI. Definitive data on the prognostic role and the applicability for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction of minor elevation of CK-MB mass or isolated increase of TnI are lacking.     

Serum myocardial creatine kinase (CK-MB) after coronary arterial bypass surgery.

Serum myocardial creatine kinase, MB isoenzyme (CK?MB) was measured at 6 hour intervals for 36 hours after surgery by ion exchange column chromatography for detection of perioperative myocardial infarction and was compared with serial electrocardiograms, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme determination and technetium-99m pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy in 100 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Results were compared with those in a control group of 10 patients with normal coronary arteries after closure of an atrial septal defect or mitral valvotomy. Total CK-MB release was estimated by calculating the concentration time integral for 36 hours after surgery. In 77 of 87 patients with a peak CK-MB and total CK-MB release lower than the highest control value (or mean + 2 standard deviations), all other tests were also negative for perioperative myocardial infarction. The other 10 patients had an isolated positive laboratory test (5 patients showed ischemic electrocardiographic changes, 3 patients an SGOT level of more than 90 IU/liter and 2 patients LDH₁ equal to or greater than LDH₂). All 13 patients with CK-MB values higher than the highest control value (or mean ± 2 standard deviations) had at least two additional positive laboratory tests indicating perioperative myocardial infarction (8 patients had new Q waves, 3 patients ischemic electrocardiographic changes, 11 patients LDH₁ equal to or greater than LDH₂, 11 patients SGOT greater than 90 IU/liter and 8 of 10 patients a positive myocardial scintigram). Thus, CK-MB by column chromatography is a reliable test for recognition of perioperative myocardial infarction and appears to be more sensitive than electrocardiography or scintigraphy for detection of myocardial necrosis. Reliability may be strengthened by the association of elevated CK-MB with additional positive tests.     

Creatine kinase isoenzymes. Predictive value in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

This is a prospective study of the value of the creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme determination in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The presence or absence of the MB isoenzyme was correlated with electrocardiogram and standard enzymes. The frequency of falsely positive and falsely negative results for CK-MB, electrocardiogram and each standard enzyme was calculated and, using the elements of conditional probability theory, their predictive values for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction were determined. Results indicate that CK-MB combines the best attributes of the electrocardiogram and standard enzyme tests: detectable MB isoenzyme activity by acrylamide slab electrophoresis has a predictive value for the diagnosis if acute myocardial infarction comparable to that of a positive electrocardiogram; absence of MB isoenzyme activity, in the 24 hour period following the onset of symptoms, excludes the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction with a probability equivalent to that provided by normal standard enzyme results.     

cTnT、cTnI在急性病毒性心肌炎诊断中的价值

目的 探讨心肌损伤指标肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)对急性病毒性心肌炎的临床诊断价值。方法116例首次诊断为急性病毒性心肌炎患者,在其发病的一至二周内,同时定量检测血清cTnT、cTnI和心肌酶谱系列肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)及其同功酶(CK-MB)、血清谷草转氨酶(sGOT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)并作比较。结果 116例急性病毒性心肌炎患者中,共有53例cTnT异常升高,阳性率为45.7%;共有75例cTnI异常升高,阳性率为64.7%;而CK、CK-MB、sGOT、LDH检测阳性率分别为10.3%、7.8%、6.9%、12.9%。上述结果分别与cTnT及cTnI结果作卡方检验均有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论 病毒性心肌炎患者在急性期心肌损伤指标检测中,cTnT、cTnI比传统的CK、CK-MB、sGOT、LDH有更好的敏感度,是及时反映心肌损伤的良好的观察指标。     

Nitric oxide production by neutrophils obtained from patients during acute coronary syndromes: expression of the nitric oxide synthase isoforms

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the differences in the nitric oxide (NO) forming system between neutrophils obtained from patients during unstable angina (UA) and during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND: Neutrophils are involved in the regulation of thrombus formation through the release of active substances such as NO. Acute myocardial infarction is the result of an occlusive thrombus; unstable angina is attributed to intermittent thrombus formation. METHODS: We studied 49 patients admitted to hospital within 24 h after the onset of chest pain: 31 experienced AMI and 18 experienced UA. Acute myocardial infarction was defined as CK greater than two-fold the upper limit of normal value of biochemical laboratory, with CK-MB >10% total CK. Unstable angina was defined as transient ST segment changes without significant increases in CK and CK-MB. RESULTS: The amount of NO generated by neutrophils from AMI patients was significantly higher than that generated by neutrophils from UA patients. Neutrophils from UA and AMI patients showed low levels of endothelial-like NO synthase protein expression and a marked expression of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) isoform. Although neutrophils from patients during acute coronary syndromes generated high amounts of NO, they did not demonstrate an increased ability to stimulate cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) synthesis in platelets. This lack of activity to release NO by neutrophils from patients during AMI was unrelated to a defect in the platelet cGMP-forming system; sodium nitroprusside, an exogenous NO donor, similarly increased cGMP levels in platelets from AMI patients and healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS: Neutrophils from patients during AMI and UA showed an increased production of NO and a marked expression of the iNOS isoform. However, NO released from these neutrophils showed a deficient functionality. These findings could have clinical implications because they show differences in thrombus growth in patients with UA versus patients with AMI.     

Assessment of the accuracy of serial electrocardiograms in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction

The diagnostic accuracy of the 12-lead scalar electrocardiogram (ECG) for the presence or absence of acute transmural myocardial infarction (MI) was studied in 25 patients who died while in hospital for treatment of ischemic chest pain. Detailed autopsy studies revealed myocardial necrosis in 17 patients, with the ECG accurate in 11 (44%) of the 25 patients. None of the five pateints with autopsy-proven subendocardial infarction had abnormal Q waves. The admission ECG was diagnostic in only 4 of the 17 patients (24%) with infarction. The creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB results agreed with the pathologic findings in 22 of the 25 patients (88%), were falsely negative in one patient, and falsely positive in two of the patients. In this selected population the most reliable diagnostic tests were CK or CK-MB isoenzymes. The ECG was frequently unhelpful (7 of 25 patients) because of left bundle branch block or paced rhythm, but when unaffected by these depolarization abnormalities it was useful in establishing the correct diagnosis.     

Early detection of acute myocardial infarction by measurement of mass concentration of creatine kinase-MB

The diagnostic sensitivity and performance of immunoenzymometric measurements of creatine kinase (CK)-MB mass concentrations in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were examined and compared with the sensitivities and performances of CK and CK-MB activity, in the context of simultaneous measurements of CK, CK-MB activity, and CK-MB mass concentrations in serially drawn blood samples obtained immediately from 36 patients with AMI and 126 patients with chest pain on admission to the emergency room of the department of internal medicine. In the 36 patients with AMI, who were all admitted no later than 4 hours after the onset of chest pain, pathologic increase occurred significantly earlier in CK-MB mass than in both CK and CK-MB activity, with a median difference of 1 hour each. In patients coming to the emergency room (51 with AMI, 51 with angina pectoris and 24 with chest pain not related to coronary artery disease), CK-MB mass was the best diagnostic measurement for AMI of all markers tested (significantly higher efficiency, Youden index and likelihood ratio than both CK and CK-MB activity). Before initiating thrombolytic therapy, the sensitivity of CK-MB mass is significantly higher than CK-MB activity during the 0- to 6-hour period and significantly higher than CK activity during the 2- to 4-hour period after the onset of chest pain. Consequently, it is often possible to diagnose an AMI on the basis of increased CK-MB mass concentrations even at a time when CK and CK-MB activities are still within the reference interval.     

Relation of peak creatine kinase levels during acute myocardial infarction to presence or absence of previous manifestations of myocardial ischemia (angina pectoris or healed myocardial infarction)

The hypothesis that acute myocardial infarction (MI) is more extensive in patients without previous angina or healed MI was evaluated in 177 patients with documented recent acute MI. Ninety-nine patients (56%) had no previous angina or healed MI (negative history group), and the remaining 78 patients (44%) had a previous history of angina or healed MI (positive history group). The mean peak creatine kinase (CK) level in the negative history group was 784 compared with 419 IU in the positive history group (p less than 0.0001). The mean peak CK-MB level in the negative history group was 128 compared with 76 IU in the positive history group (p less than 0.001). The mean peak CK-MB level was higher in the negative history group after controlling for age, streptokinase administration, previous coronary artery bypass grafting or treatment with beta-blocking agents. Despite the high frequency of healed MI in the positive history group (73%), the rates of in-hospital complications were similar for the 2 groups. Patients with acute MI without previous angina or healed MI have substantially higher peak CK and CK-MB levels; this implies a larger MI than in patients with previous angina or healed MI.     

Use of cardiac enzymes identifies patients with acute myocardial infarction otherwise unrecognized in the emergency department

Recognition of an acute myocardial infarction in the patient with chest pain is a frequent challenge to the clinician. Previous studies suggest that cardiac enzymes are of limited value in identifying patients with acute MI in the emergency department. Such studies have not evaluated the use of cardiac enzyme tests to complement decision making in the population of patients clinically designated for ED release. We studied 773 ED visits by patients age greater than or equal to 30 years presenting with chest pain unexplained by thoracic trauma or radiographic abnormalities. Cardiac enzyme levels were not available to the clinicians at the time of the initial visit and disposition of these patients was determined solely by clinical and ECG evaluation. Of the 291 admitted patients, 46 had an MI; 22 of the MI patients had a normal creatine kinase (CK) level. Of the 482 patients released from the ED, 181 patients had an elevated CK level. Among the released patients were five patients with MI. Four released MI patients had a CK level greater than or equal to 200 IU/L and three had an elevated CK-MB fraction (greater than or equal to 12 IU/L). In the population of patients scheduled for release, an elevated CK-MB had sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for MI of 60%, 100%, and 60%, respectively. Although cardiac enzymes cannot be used in isolation to make admission decisions, selective use of CK-MB for final screening of patients otherwise scheduled for ED release may enhance the initial admission of patients with MI at risk for unintentional release.     

Factors associated with the release of cardiac troponin T following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Background: Recent studies have suggested that immunoassay of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) provides a more sensitive measurement of myocardial necrosis than creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) mass concentration. Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the release of cTnT and CK-MB isoenzyme in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angioplasty, and to investigate the clinical, procedural, and angiographic correlates of abnormal elevations of both of these markers. Methods: Total creatine kinase (total CK), CK-MB, and cTnT levels were measured immediately before and 12 h following intervention in 110 patients, including 100 consecutive patients undergoing coronary angioplasty and 10 control patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. All patients had normal levels of all three markers at baseline. A postintervention total CK level >225 U/l, an increase in CK-MB >5.0 ng/ml, and/or an increase in cTnT >0.04 ng/ml were considered indicative of myocardial injury. Results: Coronary angioplasty was successfully performed in all 100 patients without emergency bypass surgery or death, although six patients required emergent placement of an intra-coronary stent for threatened closure. Eight patients demonstrated an abnormal increase in total CK, including six who were undergoing primary angioplasty for an acute myocardial infarction. One of these patients sustained a Q-wave infarction. Post angioplasty, 18 patients had elevations of both CK-MB and cTnT, 23 had elevations of only cTnT, and the remaining 59 patients had elevations of neither. All patients with CK-MB elevation also had cTnT elevation. Neither serologic marker increased in the diagnostic catheterization control patients. In comparison with patients without postintervention cTnT rise, patients with abnormal cTnT levels had a higher incidence of complex lesion morphology (p<0.01) and intra-coronary thrombus (p ≤0.0001) prior to coronary angioplasty, and a higher incidence of coronary dissection (p≤0.01), abrupt closure (p≤0.05), and side-branch occlusion (p≤0.01) during angioplasty. In patients with elevation of both cTnT and CK-MB, postintervention CK-MB levels were 12-fold higher and cTnT levels were 21-fold higher than in patients with isolated elevation of only cTnT (p<0.01). Conclusions: These data indicate that >40% of patients undergoing coronary angioplasty have evidence of minor degrees of myocardial damage, as evidenced by cTnT release. High-risk coronary lesions and both minor and major complications of angioplasty are associated with cTnT release. cTnT appears to be a more sensitive marker of myocardial injury than CK-MB under these circumstances. In comparison with isolated cTnT rise, elevation of both CK-MB and cTnT may be indicative of greater levels of myocardial injury.     

不同类型老年急性心肌梗死患者的临床特点比较

目的探讨不同类型老年急性心肌梗死患者的临床特点及血运重建状况。方法对比分析262例ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者(STEMI组)和189例非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者(NSTEMI组)的临床特点,冠状动脉病变及院内血运重建情况。结果与NSTEMI组比较,STENM1组患者男性比例多,平均年龄相对偏小,典型胸痛症状比例高,血肌酸激酶和肌酸激酶同工酶明显高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而NSTEMI组患者伴有高血压、血脂异常和2型糖尿病比例多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NSTEMI组多支血管病变、弥漫病变、≥90%严重狭窄的梗死相关动脉(IRA)比例、IRA闭塞的侧支循环开放率均明显高于STEMI组(P<0.05,P<0.01);而IRA完全闭塞率低于STEMI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。NSTEMI组住院期间血运重建率显著低于STEMI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2组院内主要不良心脏事件发生率类似。结论老年NSTEMI患者临床合并症较多,冠状动脉病变较重,血运重建比例低。     

血清肌酸激酶同工酶升高的不稳定型心绞痛的临床特点

目的　探讨血清肌酸激酶同工酶 (CK- MB)升高的不稳定型心绞痛临床特点。方法　根据 CK活性正常但 CK-MB活性升高或正常将病人分为 CK- MB异常组 (n=42 )和正常组 (n=42 ) ,比较两组血清心肌肌钙蛋白 T(c Tn T)阳性发生率、左心室收缩功能、住院期间和一年内心肌梗死、心源性死亡发生率及一年内心绞痛复发率。结果　 CK- MB异常组中 CK - MB于症状出现 3～ 4h开始升高 ,12～ 17h达峰值 ,2 0～ 34 h回到正常 ;CK- MB异常组与 CK - MB正常组比较 ,c Tn T阳性率增加 (P<0 .0 1) ,左心室收缩功能差 ,住院期间和一年内心肌梗死、心源性死亡发生率及一年内心绞痛复发率均增高 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 CK- MB活性升高提示不稳定型心绞痛患者存在心肌损伤和具有较差的预后。     

血栓抽吸治疗在急性ST段抬高心肌梗死直接介入治疗中应用的安全性和有效性研究

目的:评价血栓抽吸治疗在急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)中应用的安全性和有效性.方法:59例STEMI患者被随机分为血栓抽吸组和传统PCI组(对照组),对2组之间的冠状动脉造影结果(TIMI 3级血流率、校正TIMI帧数、TMP分级)、心电图ST段回落百分比(sumSTR)和临床结果[肌酸激酶(CK)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)峰值、术后1周左室射血分数(LVEF)、6个月主要不良心血管事件]进行分析比较.结果:血栓抽吸组PCI后梗死相关动脉TIMI 3级血流率、TMP3级及sumSTR>70%发生率均显著高于对照组,校正TIMI帧数、TMP0～1级及sumSTR<30%均显著低于对照组.血栓抽吸组CK、CK-MB峰值显著低于对照组 ,术后1周LVEF显著高于对照组.随访6个月主要不良心血管事件2组差异无统计学意义.结论:在急性STEMI直接PCI中应用血栓抽吸治疗是安全有效的,能够改善心肌灌注,降低心肌梗死面积,提高LVEF.     

A proposed strategy for utilization of creatine kinase-MB and troponin I in the evaluation of acute chest pain

In recent years, cardiac troponins have attracted great interest as a marker for myocardial injury. However, there are limited data on strategies for use of creatine kinase (CK)-MB and troponin I (cTnI) in clinical practice. We sought to develop a testing strategy using prospectively collected clinical data including serial CK-MB and cTnI levels from 1,051 patients aged > or = 30 years admitted to a teaching hospital for acute chest pain. Diagnostic performance was evaluated for peak values of CK-MB and cTnI obtained during the first 24 hours for the combined end point of acute myocardial infarction and/or major cardiac events within 72 hours. The overall diagnostic accuracy was similar for both cardiac markers alone, and for the combination of cTnI and CK-MB (receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.84, 0.86, and 0.87, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, models including cardiac markers showed that both CK-MB and cTnI added information to clinical data to predict the combined end point, but cTnI added significantly less. Using recursive partitioning analysis, we developed a strategy that would restrict routine cTnI use to patients with normal CK-MB results and findings on the electrocardiogram consistent with ischemia. This strategy would divide patients with suspected myocardial ischemia into 4 groups with risks for the combined end point of 4%, 13%, 26%, and 85%. Thus, cTnI adds information to CK-MB mass and clinical data for predicting major cardiac events, but this contribution is mainly in patients with evidence of myocardial ischemia on their electrocardiograms.     

急性心梗患者血清超敏C-反应蛋白与心梗指标的相关性分析

目的　探讨隐匿型冠心病患者及急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者血清超敏CRP(hs -CRP)与其他心梗指标 ,包括磷酸肌酸激酶 (CK) ,磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶 (CK -MB) ,肌钙蛋白I(Tnl) ,B型钠尿肽 (BNP)等指标之间有无相关性。方法　采用微粒增强免疫透射比浊法定量检测了 5 5例健康体检者 ,5 0例隐匿型冠心病患者及4 6例急性心肌梗死患者的血清hs -CRP ,并同时检测其它几项心梗指标 ,并进行比较分析及相关分析。结果　 (1)隐匿型冠心病组、急性心肌梗死组血清超敏C -反应蛋白 (hs -CRP) ,CK ,CK -MB ,Tnl及BNP的结果与健康对照组相比较 ,均有显著性升高 (P <0 . 0 5 ) ;而冠心病患者中 ,急性心肌梗死组比隐匿型冠心病组的各项指标也有显著性的升高 (P <0. 0 5 )。 (2 )隐匿型冠心病患者及急性心梗患者的血清超敏C -反应蛋白与其他心梗指标进行相关性分析 ,结果表明血清hs-CRP与CK、CK -MB及Tnl之间具有良好的正相关 (P <0. 0 1) ,与BNP无明显相关性 ;CK、CK -MB、Tnl与BNP之间也具有良好的正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　血清超敏CRP(hs-CRP)可作为临床预测冠心病患者发生急性心梗危险性的指标 ,并可与CK、CK -MB、Tnl及BNP一起作为急性心梗的预后监测及疗效观察的指标。