肥胖指标与糖尿病和高血压的关联分析

目的分析肥胖指标与糖尿病和高血压之间的关系。方法以2006年广西南宁市体检人群,共6031人为研究对象,分别检测体质指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰围与身高的比值（WHtR）、空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后血糖（PBG）与血压,并对肥胖指标与糖尿病和高血压的关联性进行分析。结果糖尿病风险值,男性BMI：OR=1．290,95％CI：1．005～1．655,WC：OR=1．494,95％Ch1．159～1．927,WHtR：OR=1．565,95％Ch1．216～2．016;女性BMI：OR=2．337,95％CI：1．538～3．550,WC：OR=2．559,95％CI：1．686-3．883,WHtR：OR=3．102,95％CI：1．966～4．892。高血压风险值,男性BMI：OR=1．793,95％CI：1．529～2．103,WC：OR=2．077,95％CI：1．768～2．440,WHtR：OR=2．332,95％CI：1．976～2．725;女性BMI：OR=2．877,95％CI：2．228-3．714,WC：OR=2．896,95％CI：2．243～3．738,WHtR：OR=3．838,95％CI：2．897～5．116。不论男女,高血压和糖尿病与肥胖指标的关联强度顺序为WHtR〉WC〉BMI。结论与外周肥胖指标相比,中心型肥胖人群患糖尿病、高血压的风险更高。     

武进区人群高尿酸血症患病率与影响因素分析

目的调查武进区35～70岁人群高尿酸血症患病率及影响因素,为高尿酸血症的防治提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,在常州市武进区抽取6个行政村（居委会）作为调查地区,以所有居住满4年的35～70岁居民作为调查对象,进行问卷调查、体格检查和生化指标检验,资料完整的研究对象共3122人。结果研究人群高尿酸血症患病率为18．4％,其中男性患病率为26．8％,高于女性（11．9％）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。男性血尿酸水平为（373．17±109．56）μmol／L,高于女性[（292．23±99．03）μmol／L],差异有统计学意义（t=21．309,P〈0．01）。高尿酸血症组男性所占比例、年龄、体质指数（BMI）、腰围、臀围、吸烟率、饮酒率、血肌酐、收缩压、舒张压、血尿酸、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、空腹血糖水平均高于血尿酸正常组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。高尿酸血症组高脂血症检出率最高（78．9％）,其次为超重和肥胖（66．1％）、高甘油三酯（62．1％）、高血压（56．2％）、腹型肥胖（37．7％）和糖尿病（9．2％）。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,超重（OR=1．752,95％CI：1．372—2．239）、肥胖（OR=1．816,95％CI：1．242～2．655）、腹型肥胖（OR=1．767,95％CI：1．335-2．339）、高血压（OR=1．687,95％CI：1．358～2．096）、血脂异常（OR=2．523,95％CI：1．997～3．188）、血肌酐（OR=1．048,95％CI：1．039—1．058）、男性饮酒（OR=1．789,95％CI：1．362～2．351）和女性年龄（OR=1．029,95％CI：1．009—1．049）均为高尿酸血症的危险因素,而吸烟和糖尿病与高尿酸血症的关系未见统计学意义。结论超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、血肌酐、男性饮酒和女性年龄均为高尿酸血症的危险因素。     

常州市武进区健康人群高尿酸血症患病率及相关因素分析

目的：分析常州市武进区健康人群高尿酸血症患病率及相关危险因素。方法对2013年的3538名健康人群体检资料进行分析。结果人群血尿酸水平为（326.69±90.30）μmol／L,男性（356.76±81.90）μmol／L,女性（253.97±64.68）μmol／L,差异有统计学意义（t＝36.004,P ＜0.001）;高尿酸血症患病率为16.26％。男性20.54％,女性5.89％,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝114.26,P ＜0.001）。多因素 logistic 回归分析显示：年龄（OR ＝1．02,95％CI ：1．01～1．03）、男性（OR ＝1.40,95％CI ：1.01～1.95）、超重（OR ＝2.59,95％CI ：2.09～3.20）和肥胖（OR ＝3.82,95％CI ：2.89～5.05）、高血压（OR ＝1.45,95％CI ：1.12～1.87）、总胆固醇（OR＝1.17,95％CI ：1.05～1.32）、甘油三脂（OR ＝1.19,95％CI ：1.12～1.27）、血肌酐（OR＝1.04,95％CI ：1.03～1.05）、尿素氮（OR＝1.18,95％CI ：1.10～1.28）、谷丙转氨酶（OR＝1.01,95％CI ：1.01～1.02）均为高尿酸血症的危险因素。结论男性、年龄、超重和肥胖、高血压、血酯异常、肝功能异常等均与高尿酸血症相关,应加强综合干预。     

不同年龄女性超重和肥胖与动脉僵硬度的相关性研究

目的 探讨女性人群不同体重与臂踝脉搏波速度（baPWV）的关系,评估超重和肥胖女性人群的高动脉僵硬度风险.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于201 1年3至12月在苏州、无锡、常州地区抽取年龄≥20岁的常住女性人群2 921名.进行问卷调查、人体测量和baPWV检测,用baPWV评估动脉僵硬度.采用Logisitic多元回归模型分析体质指数（BMI）等级变量对高动脉僵硬度的影响;通过受试者工作（ROC）曲线分析BMI对高动脉僵硬度的预测价值.结果 高动脉僵硬度率超重组（37.87％）和肥胖组（47.60％）均高于体重正常组（16.95％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=205.97,P均＜0.01）;BMI与baPWV呈正相关（r=0.310,P＜0.01）.高动脉僵硬度率65岁以上组（79.08％）高于20～40岁组（4.04％）和41～64岁组（24.96％）,差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为677.30和347.26,P均＜0.01）.20～40岁组和41～64岁组超重和肥胖女性的高动脉僵硬度率高于体重正常组,差异有统计学意义（P均＜0.01）.单因素分析显示年龄、静息心率、收缩压、舒张压均与高动脉僵硬度相关（P均＜0.01）.调整年龄、静息心率和血压后,多因素Logisitic回归分析显示以体重正常组为对照,超重组高动脉僵硬度的OR值为2.017（95％CI：1.637～2.486,P＜0.01）,肥胖组高动脉僵硬度的OR值为2.759（95％CI：1.964～3.876,P＜0.01）.BMI预测女性人群高动脉僵硬度的ROC曲线下面积为0.693 （95％CI：0.671～0.715,P＜0.01）,最佳预测切点为23.42 kg/m2.结论 超重和肥胖是女性人群高动脉僵硬度的危险因素,BMI对女性人群高动脉僵硬度的预测界值为23.42 kg/m2.     

早初潮对青春晚期及中年期肥胖的远期影响

目的分析女性初潮年龄（MA）对青春晚期（LP）和中年期（ML）肥胖的远期影响。方法以北京市儿童青少年代谢综合征（BCAMS）研究样本中16～18岁女性（2035人）为LP研究人群，以“宫内发育与成人疾病”队列人群中41～52岁女性（479人）为ML研究人群。以体重指数（BMI）和腰围身高比（WHtR）评价肥胖和中心性肥胖；以LP、ML各自MA的P25和P75将两人群分别划分为早、中、晚初潮组；分别以中国学龄儿童和中国成年人BMI标准作为两人群超重和肥胖的诊断标准，以WHtR≥0．5定义中心性肥胖；多元线性回归和logistic回归分析MA与BMI和WHtR相关关系，以及早初潮预测LP和ML肥胖的比值比（OR）。结果LP和ML人群的肥胖率、中心性肥胖率均随初潮年龄提前而上升（χ^2趋势检验，P值均〈0．001）；初潮年龄每提前1岁，LP和ML女性的BMI分别增加0．58kg／m^2和0．35kg／m^2，腰围分别增加1．1cm和0．6cm；与晚初潮者相比，早初潮者在LP和ML发生肥胖的OR值分别是8．740（95％CI：3．653～20．911）和2．498（1．145～5．453），中心性肥胖的OR值分别是14．280（3．223～63．267）和15．604（1．821～133．679）。结论月经初潮相对较早的女性在LP和ML更趋向于发生肥胖，特别是中心性肥胖。     

天津市环城四区居民慢性病影响因素分析

目的了解天津市环城四区居民慢性病患病状况及行为影响因素,为慢性病防治提供依据。方法于2010年采用分层随机抽样方法对天津市环城四区（东丽区、西青区、津南区和北辰区）15岁以上居民进行问卷调查,共调查男性l781人,女性1806人。用SPSS软件进行统计学分析,对慢性病影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果天津市环城四区居民慢性病患病率为26．01％。经多因素Logistic回归分析,女性（OR=1．489,95％CI：1．062～2．161）、年龄增大、超重（OR=1．546,95％CI：1．134—1．670）以及高盐饮食（OR=1．879,95％CI：1．012～3．553）是居民慢性病的危险因素（P〈0．05）。结论环城四区居民慢性病患病率介于城市与农村之间,建议对女性、35岁以上人群、超重、肥胖及高盐饮食人群进行重点干预。     

天津市宝坻区老年人体质指数、腰围以及腰围身高比与高血压患病率的关联

  目的   探讨天津市宝坻区60岁及以上老年居民的体质指数(body mass index, BMI)、腰围(waist circumference, WC)以及腰围身高比(waist-to-height ratio, WHtR)与高血压患病率的关联。   方法   本研究对2018年4-5月参加天津市宝坻区口东卫生院体检的老年人(≥60岁)进行问卷调查和体格检查。采用分层分析和logistic回归分析BMI与WC(或WHtR)对高血压的联合作用和交互作用。   结果   共邀请1 692人, 1 417人(83.75%)参与本研究。老年人群的高血压患病率为46.36%、BMI超重和肥胖者占66.50%、WC中心型肥胖者占74.66%、WHtR超重和肥胖者占75.38%。与BMI或WC正常相比, BMI超重(OR=1.65, 95% CI:1.19~2.30)和肥胖(OR=3.41, 95% CI:2.23~5.20)及WC中心型肥胖(OR=1.49, 95% CI:1.00~2.23)均增加高血压的患病风险。BMI联合WC超重/肥胖(OR=2.49, 95% CI:1.78~3.46), 或BMI联合WHtR超重/肥胖(WHtR超重: OR=2.05, 95% CI:1.41~2.99;WHtR肥胖: OR=2.37, 95% CI:1.50~3.76)的患病风险高于后者单独作用的风险(WC超重/肥胖: OR=1.39, 95% CI:0.90~2.15;WHtR超重: OR=1.02, 95% CI:0.62~1.66;WHtR肥胖: OR=1.44, 95% CI:0.55~3.81)。   结论   三项指标中, BMI与高血压患病的关联性最强, 且BMI超重/肥胖增强WC(或WHtR)与高血压的关联, 提示控制BMI相关体重指标在正常范围内有助于预防和控制高血压。     

成都地区50岁以上人群体重指数的分布

目的：了解成都地区50岁以上人群体重指数（BMI）的分布情况，为预防体重过低及肥胖提供依据。方法：采用现况调查对调查人群进行体重与身高的测量，计算BMI（体重指数）进行分析。结果：该地区体重过低、超体重及肥胖的现患率分别为12．93％、20．10％及4．06％。农村的体重过低的患病率为14．37％，高于城市的8．00％，二者差异有显著性（P＜0．001）。城市的超重及肥胖的患病率高于农村（RR值分别为2．80及2．14）。体重过低、超重及肥胖的患病率女性高于男性，差异均有极显著性（P＜0．001），城市及农村中两性间差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）。农民的体重过低患病率最高（男14．61％、女20．35％），军人的超重及肥胖的患病率最高（38．71％、6．45％）。结论：成都地区50岁以上人群超重及肥胖的患病率低于国内其他地区。但不能忽视人群超重及肥胖的预防，在农村中还应加强预防体重过低，使体重维持在正常水平以降低相关疾病的发生。     

苏州市35岁及以上成年人超重和肥胖的流行病学特征

目的了解苏州市35岁及以上成年人超重和肥胖的流行特点,为制定超重及肥胖防治的相关策略和措施提供科学依据。方法利用2010年苏州市慢性病中期评估资料,计算30578名35岁及以上居民的体质指数（BMI）,分析超重和肥胖的流行病学特征和影响因素。超重及肥胖的判断标准采用卫生部《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防控制指南》推荐的标准。结果苏州市35岁及以上成年居民超重率为35．6％,肥胖率为8．1％。男性超重率（37．8％）高于女性（34．1％）,差异有统计学意义（x^2=43．59,P〈0．01）。女性肥胖率（8．4％）高于男性（7．6％）,差异有统计学意义（X^2=316．25,P〈0．05）。城市人群肥胖率（8．6％）显著高于农村人群（7．6％）,差异有统计学意义（x^2=6．20,P〈0．01）。城市人群超重率（36．0％）与农村人群（35．5％）差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．64,P=0．42）。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,超重和肥胖的影响因素主要为性别、年龄、饮酒、爱喝浓茶及口味偏成等,其OR值（95％CI）分别为1．068（1．002—1．038）、1．01（1．00—1．03）、1．47（1．35～1．60）、1131（1．20～1．43）、1．25（1.16-1．34）。结论超重和肥胖已成为影响苏州市35岁及以上成年人健康的公共卫生问题,需倡导健康的生活方式,预防超重、肥胖的发生。     

安徽省儿童青少年人体质量指数与血压关系分析

目的探讨儿童青少年体质量指数（body mass index，BMI）与血压的关系，为心血管疾病的早期干预提供科学依据。方法以2005年“全国学生体质与健康调研”中6600名安徽省7-17岁儿童青少年6600名为研究对象，根据中国肥胖问题工作组推荐的标准，将研究对象分为体重正常、超重和肥胖组，比较各组间血压值Z分和血压偏高检出率的差异，并探讨BMI与血压的关系。结果儿童青少年收缩压（SBP）Z分、舒张压（DBP）Z分以及血压偏高的检出率均呈肥胖组〉超重组〉体重正常组；Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示，超重和肥胖是血压偏高的危险因素（OR=2．358，OR=5．466；95％CI：1．191～1．262，3．648—8．191）。结论超重和肥胖是儿童青少年血压偏高的危险因素。     

Trends in overweight and obesity in Portugal: the National Health Surveys 1995-6 and 1998-9

OBJECTIVE: To assess overweight and obesity trends in the Portuguese population. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: National Health Surveys, conducted in 1995-6 (17,989 men; 20,249 women) and 1998-9 (17,923 men; 20,302 women), were used. RESULTS: In men, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 39.9% (95% CI: 39.2 to 40.6) and 10.3% (95% CI: 9.9 to 10.7), respectively, in 1995-6, to 42.5% (95% CI: 41.8 to 43.2) and 11.5% (95% CI: 11.0 to 12.0), respectively, in 1998-9. In women, prevalence of obesity increased from 12.7% (95% CI: 12.2 to 13.2) in 1995-6 to 14.2% (95% CI: 13.7 to 14.6) in 1998-9, whereas the prevalence of overweight remained stable: 32.2% (95% CI: 31.6 to 32.9) in 1995-6 and 32.3% (95% CI: 31.6 to 32.9) in 1998-9. In men, prevalence of overweight and obesity were higher among former smokers and educational group of 6 to 12 years, and prevalence of obesity was higher in the Lisbon region. In women, prevalence of overweight and obesity were higher among never smokers, and prevalence of obesity was higher among educational group of -6 years. Prevalence of obesity was higher in the Alentejo region, and overweight was higher in the Center region. Finally, prevalence of obesity increased in both sexes for all strata studied (age, smoking status, educational level, and geographic region), whereas prevalence of overweight increased only in men. DISCUSSION: In Portugal, overweight and obesity levels are related to sociodemographic factors; the increase in obesity levels stresses the need for preventive measures.     

生命早期饥荒暴露与成年期体质指数的关联分析

目的 研究生命早期饥荒暴露对成年期BMI的影响。方法 研究对象来自中国慢性病前瞻性研究的基线调查,共94 052名研究对象纳入分析。将出生于1956年10月至1958年9月、1959年10月至1961年9月和1962年10月至1964年9月的研究对象分别划分为饥荒前出生组、饥荒期内出生组和饥荒后出生组（对照组）。采用线性回归模型计算饥荒暴露组成年期BMI的回归系数及其95%CI。采用似然比检验计算吸烟、饮酒和体力活动与饥荒暴露交互作用的P值。结果 在调整了其他影响因素后,仅在女性中发现,与饥荒后出生组相比,饥荒期内出生组成年期BMI较高（β=0.12,95%CI：0.03～0.22）。吸烟、饮酒均对饥荒与BMI间的关联存在效应修饰作用（交互作用均P<0.001）,体力活动不存在（交互作用P=0.077）。结论 生命早期经历饥荒,尤其是胎儿期经历饥荒的女性成年期BMI较高。因此,保证生命早期营养水平对预防成年后超重/肥胖的发生具有重要意义。     

玉环县农村社区≥35岁居民超重和肥胖及其与高血压的关系

  目的  了解浙江省玉环县农村社区≥35岁居民超重和肥胖流行现状,探索超重、肥胖与高血压患病的关系。  方法  2009-2010年,采用整群抽样方法在玉环县所有农村社区中抽取124 693名≥35岁常住居民进行横断面调查,分析超重和肥胖与高血压患病之间的关系。  结果  玉环县农村社区≥35岁居民超重和肥胖率分别为34.53%和10.18%。其中男性超重率（35.56%）高于女性（33.66%）,女性肥胖率（11.26%）高于男性（8.90%）,差异均有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）。多因素分析显示:年龄、是否务农、教育程度、规律体育锻炼、吸烟、饮酒和高盐饮食等均为超重/肥胖的可能影响因素（均有P<0.05）。在调整可能的混杂因素后,非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示:男性超重和肥胖者患高血压的风险分别是体重正常人群的2.02（95%CI:1.93~2.11）和3.83（95%CI:3.57~4.10）倍;女性分别为1.94（95%CI:1.86~2.02）和3.56（95%CI:3.35~3.77）倍。  结论  玉环县农村社区≥35岁居民超重和肥胖患病率较高,且超重和肥胖可能增加高血压的患病风险。     

The prevalence of obesity and its related risk factor in the north of iran in 2006

Background: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the obesity and the related risk factors in the north of Iran. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study that enrolled 2495 subjects (1247 males and 1248 females) using stratified cluster sampling. Interviewers recorded the data using a multidimensional questionnaire including anthropometric indexes. Body mass index equal to or greater than 25 was considered as overweight and that of 30 and 40 as obese and pathologic obese respectively. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical data analysis. Results: Mean age of the subjects was 39.2 [95% CI: 38.6, 39.8] yr. Mean body mass index was 25.3 [95% CI: 25.0, 25.6] kg/m(2) for men and 27.5 [95% CI: 27.2, 27.9] kg/m2 for women. The prevalence rates of overweight, obesity and pathologic obesity were 29.9% (745/2495), 22.5% (561/2495) and 1.8% (44/2495) respectively. The prevalence of obesity was higher in urban residents than rural ones, 27.3% versus 18.9% respectively (P<0.001). The prevalence rates of obesity and pathologic obesity were much higher in women than men were, 30.3% versus 15.4% and 3.0% versus 0.6% respectively (P=0.001). The odds ratio estimate was 1.68 [95% CI: 1.40, 2.02] for urban area compared to rural area; 2.60 [95% CI: 2.14, 3.15] for females compared to males; 5.95 [95% CI: 3.54, 9.99] for married people compared to single people; 1.89 [95% CI: 1.44, 2.84] for age group of 55-65 years compared to age group of 15-24 years; 1.76 [95% CI: 1.17, 2.64] for illiterate people compared to those who had academic education; 1.98 [95% CI: 1.13, 2.49] for poor people compared to people with high economic level. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity and overweight is very high in the north of Iran, hence is a signal of serious health problem, and should be the focus of special attention.     

昆明市农村超重和肥胖患病率及影响因素分析

目的 分析昆明地区农村超重和肥胖患病现状及村庄与个体间的影响因素.方法 选择石林县作为农村的代表,采用PPS抽样方法对6006名45岁及以上村民通过问卷调查和体格检查获取所需资料;并应用多水平logistic模型分析影响超重和肥胖患病的村庄与个体因素.结果 该地区村民超重率为12.10%,其中男性13.60%,女性10.71%;村民肥胖率为2.15%,其中男性2.82%,女性1.52%;男性的超重率和肥胖率均高于女性.个体和村级因素均与肥胖有关,而超重仅与个体因素有关.在影响超重的因素中,随着年龄的增长患超重的可能性变小(OR=0.95,955% CI:0.83～0.97),男性比女性更容易患超重(OR=0.89,95% CI:0.78～0.98).在影响肥胖的因素中,随着年龄增长患肥胖的可能性变小(OR=0.93,95% CI:0.82～0.96),男性比女性更容易患肥胖(OR=0.87,95% CI:0.78～0.97),收入水平越低者和村庄整体收入水平越低者患肥胖的可能性越大(OR值分别为0.81和0.92;95% CI分别为0.73～0.95和0.85～0.98).结论 对肥胖的干预措施应同时考虑个体和村级水平,肥胖的预防和干预工作应放在村庄整体收入水平较低的村民.     

Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Determinants of Overweight and Obesity in a Nigerian Population

Objective

This survey explored prevalence of overweight and obesity and their associations with socio-demographic variables in a Nigerian population.

Methods

This cross-sectional survey involved 1521 adults in Nnewi. Age, sex, educational and occupational status, and BMI were recorded.

Results

Prevalence of overweight was higher in males (32.3%; 95% CI, 29.5%–35.2%) than in females (29.8%; 95% CI, 26.8%–33.0%); the reverse was the case for prevalence of obesity (19.6%; 95% CI, 17.3%–22.2% in males and 36.0%; 95% CI, 32.8%–39.4% in females). Higher odds ratios (ORs) for overweight and obesity were observed in participants aged 41–60 years (OR 2.03; 95% CI, 1.57–2.61 for overweight and OR 4.29; 95% CI, 3.25–5.67 for obesity) and those >60 years (OR 1.72; 95% CI, 1.21–2.43 for overweight and OR 4.21; 95% CI, 2.86–6.19 for obesity) compared to those aged 18–40 years. Female sex was associated with higher ORs for overweight (OR 1.20; 95% CI, 0.96–1.51) and obesity (OR 2.21; 95% CI, 1.73–2.83). Participants with secondary education had marginally higher ORs for overweight (OR 1.15; 95% CI, 0.88–1.51) and obesity (OR 1.17; 95% CI, 0.86–1.59) than those with tertiary education, and so were those with primary education for obesity (OR 1.19; 95% CI, 0.74–1.89) but higher OR for overweight (OR 1.44; 95% CI, 0.98–2.13). Unskilled participants had about the same OR for overweight and obesity as professionals, and while skilled participants had about the same OR for overweight as professionals, their OR for obesity (OR 1.27; 95% CI, 0.67–2.43) was fairly higher than that for professionals.

Conclusions

Prevalence of overweight is higher in males than in females, but the reverse is the case for prevalence of obesity. Older age and female sex are associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity, while working at a skilled occupation is associated with obesity, and tertiary educational attainment is associated with overweight.Key words: determinants, obesity, overweight, prevalence, developing country     

Diet composition and risk of overweight and obesity in women living in the southwestern United States

OBJECTIVE: It is unknown whether dietary patterns or macronutrient composition contribute to the observed differences in rates of overweight and obesity among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women in the United States. We assessed the association of dietary patterns and macronutrient composition with overweight and obesity in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of dietary data from a case-control study of breast cancer. PARTICIPANTS: Population-based control participants (871 Hispanic and 1,599 non-Hispanic white women) from the southwestern United States who completed the diet and other components of the interview and whose anthropometric measurements were available. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass index (BMI; calculated as kg/m(2)), weight status (overweight, BMI 25 to 29.9; obese, BMI>30). STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Dietary patterns were defined using factor analysis. Associations of dietary patterns and macronutrient composition with overweight and obesity as compared with normal weight were assessed with logistic regression. RESULTS: Hispanic women reported consuming more energy, a greater proportion of energy from fat and vegetable protein, less alcohol, and less energy from animal protein compared with non-Hispanic white women. Western and dieter patterns were associated with higher prevalence of overweight and obesity; the Prudent dietary pattern was associated with a 29% lower prevalence of overweight and a halving of the prevalence of obesity similarly in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. Higher proportions of energy from protein (odds ratio [OR] 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28 to 2.56) and animal protein (OR 2.10 95% CI 1.47 to 2.98) were associated with a greater risk of overweight; greater proportions of energy from fat (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.27 to 4.08), protein (3.55 95% CI 2.38 to 5.29), or animal protein (3.44 95% CI 2.31 to 5.14) were associated with higher risk of obesity among non-Hispanic white women only. CONCLUSIONS: A Western dietary pattern was associated with greater risk and a Prudent diet with reduced risk of overweight and obesity. To reduce risk of overweight and obesity, Hispanic women should maintain healthful aspects of a native Hispanic diet, and non-Hispanic white women should replace animal protein with vegetable protein.     

Major increase in prevalence of overweight and obesity between 1987 and 2001 among Danish adults

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the secular trends in the prevalence of obesity (BMI >or= 30.0 kg/m(2)) and overweight (25.0 相似文献   

Body mass index and factors related to overweight among women workers in electronic factories in Peninsular Malaysia

Factors related to overweight were examined in a cross-sectional survey that included 1612 women workers from 10 large electronics assembly factories in Peninsular Malaysia. Respondents were Malaysian citizens, direct production workers below the supervisory level, and had worked at least a year in the factory where they were presently employed. Heights and weights were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Weights and BMI increased with increasing age. After adjusting for age, odds ratios for overweight were significantly raised for married women in relation to not married women (OR 1.5, 95% CI=1.15-2.02), lower secondary education in relation to higher than upper secondary education (OR 1.8, 95% CI=1.06-3.14), monthly income RM800-999 (OR 1.7, 95% CI=1.21-2.45) and >/=RM1,000 (OR 1.8, 95% CI=1.23-2.72) in relation to 相似文献   

The Risks of Overweight,Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Middle Age after Exposure to Famine in Early Life: Evidence from the China’s 1959–1961 Famine

Objective

Several studies have revealed that exposure to famine in early life was associated with higher body mass index(BMI) and waist circumference, and most of them used data from cross-sectional studies and defined those born before or after the famine period as non-exposed participants, which ignored the effects caused by age. Our objective was to study the effects of undernutrition in early life on overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in those aged 54–56.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study with the status at age of 54–56 as outcomes. 1092 participants born between 1959 and 1961 from 2015 wave of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were defined as exposed and 1616 born between 1955 and 1957 from 2011 wave of CHARLS were defined as control. We used the prevalence odds ratios(ORs) to estimate the risks of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, and stratified by famine severity and sex separately for comparisons.

Results

Exposed group had higher risks of overweight (OR 1.357, 95%CI 1.067,1.727) and obesity (OR 1.356, 95%CI 1.001,1.836) in women, not in men. Participants in exposed group were more likely to have abdominal obesity (OR 1.362, 95%CI 1.139,1.629), regardless of famine severity and gender.

Conclusion

Undernutrition in early life increased the risks of overweight and obesity in women not in men. And the risk of abdominal obesity was increased with the experience of undernutrition at early age both in men and women.