催眠方煎剂的镇静催眠作用研究

目的:研究中药复方催眠方的镇静、催眠作用。方法:实验分为空白对照(等容生理盐水)、地西泮(0.002g/kg)与催眠方煎剂高、中、低剂量(4、2、1g/kg)组。通过小鼠自主活动实验观察其对小鼠活动的影响,通过阈上和阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠的睡眠实验观察其对小鼠入睡潜伏期和睡眠时间的协同影响作用。结果:与空白对照组比较,催眠方煎剂高、中、低剂量组小鼠自主活动次数显著减少;睡眠潜伏时间显著缩短,睡眠时间显著延长(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:催眠方煎剂具有一定的镇静、催眠作用。     

米糠油的镇静催眠作用研究

目的：观察米糠油的镇静催眠作用。方法：通过观察米糠油对正常小鼠自主活动、大鼠协调运动、小鼠戊巴比妥钠催眠阈剂量及苯丙胺所致小鼠兴奋性活动的影响，研究米糠油的镇静催眠作用。结果：米糠油对上述指标均有减弱作用。结论：米糠油有良好的镇静催眠作用。     

安睡片镇静催眠作用研究

目的研究安睡片的镇静催眠作用。方法安睡片高剂量（1200mg·kg^-1）、中剂量（900mg·kg^-1）、低剂量（600mg·kg^-1）给小鼠连续灌胃30天,观察安睡片对阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠催眠试验、阈剂量戊巴比妥钠催眠试验、巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期试验的影响。结果安睡片高剂量能够提高小鼠睡眠发生率（58．33％）;高、中剂量能显著够延长小鼠睡眠时间;高、低剂量能显著缩短小鼠的睡眠潜伏期。     

复方杜仲片镇静催眠的实验研究

目的:通过药理实验观察复方杜仲片的镇静催眠作用。方法:观察药物对正常小鼠的自主活动的影响以评价复方杜仲片的镇静作用;观察复方杜仲片对小鼠戊巴比妥钠催眠阈剂量所致小鼠兴奋性活动的影响以探讨复方杜仲片的催眠作用,同时观察复方杜仲片对戊巴比妥钠的协同催眠作用和复方杜仲片对抗士的宁的中枢兴奋作用。结果:复方杜仲片能明显减弱小鼠自主活动,降低小鼠戊巴比妥钠催眠阈剂量,与戊巴比妥钠有较好的催眠协同作用,可延长小鼠睡眠时间,提高小鼠的入睡率,同时可使惊厥小鼠数减少,且惊厥率随剂量的增加而降低。结论:复方杜仲片具有明显的镇静催眠作用。     

浅谈我国镇静催眠药物市场前景

随着社会的进步，人们愈来愈多的关注个人身心健康和精神卫生。在不断的改善工作、生活居住环境的同时，已逐渐认识到调节精神、催眠药物的重要作用，如何使全社会关注人类的健康睡眠，不断改善睡眠环境，提高人类生活质量，已是摆在我们面前新的讨论话题。     

夜来香多糖镇静催眠作用的研究

目的 探讨夜来香多糖对小鼠镇静催眠作用的影响.方法 将小鼠随机分为生理盐水组(戊巴比妥钠组)、1.0 mg/kg夜来香多糖组、2.0 mg/kg夜来香多糖组、4.0 mg/kg夜来香多糖组.观察夜来香多糖对小鼠自发活动的影响、对阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠睡眠时间的影响、对阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠睡眠时间的影响.结果 与生理盐水组比较,2.0、4.0 mg/kg的夜来香多糖能显著抑制小鼠自发活动(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);与戊巴比妥钠组比较,2.0、4.0 mg/kg的夜来香多糖能显著加速阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠的入睡时间和延长戊巴比妥钠的睡眠时间(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);与戊巴比妥钠组比较,1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/kg的夜来香多糖能显著加速阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠的入睡时间和延长戊巴比妥钠的睡眠时间(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.01).结论 夜来香多糖具有明显的镇静催眠作用.     

北五味子的镇静、催眠作用

目的对北五味子水提取物镇静、催眠药理作用进行初探。方法采用镇静、催眠实验观察北五味子水提取物对小鼠自主活动的影响 ,协同戊巴比妥钠对小鼠的催眠作用。结果北五味子水提取物能明显减少小鼠自主活动次数 ,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠只数 ,延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间。结论北五味子水提取物有明显的镇静、催眠作用。     

酸枣仁汤的镇静催眠作用

目的对酸枣仁汤镇静催眠药理作用进行初探。方法采用镇静催眠实验观察酸枣仁汤对小鼠自主活动的影响 ,协同戊巴比妥钠对小鼠的催眠作用。结果酸枣仁汤能明显减少小鼠自主活动次数 ,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠只数 ,延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间。结论酸枣仁汤有明显的镇静、催眠作用。     

镇静催眠药物的研究进展

目的根据近几年催眠药物的发展,总结不同类别药物临床研究进展以及未来催眠药物的发展趋势。方法综述了近年来国内外相关报道,对各靶点催眠药物进行药理药效讨论,并概述其临床研究及开发上市状况。结果镇静催眠药物的研究已由单一的苯二氮艹卓类药物（BZD）和巴比妥类药物逐步发展为高效、高选择性的新作用靶点治疗药物。结论未来新药开发将专注新的靶向分子。     

柏子养心丸镇静催眠作用实验研究

目的:考察柏子养心丸对小鼠的镇静催眠作用。方法:采用戊巴比妥钠对小鼠睡眠的协同作用方法。结果:柏子养心丸可明显延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥纳所致小鼠睡眠时间,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠睡眠动物数。结论: 提示柏子养心丸具有镇静催眠作用。     

Hepatoprotective role of Abelmoschus esculentus (Linn.) Moench., on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury

Abstract

Context: Chronic liver disease has become a global health problem. The research for prominent herbal agents for the management of liver diseases is widely increased.

Objective: The root of Abelmoschus esculentus (Linn.) Moench., (Malvaceae) has been used as a remedy for liver disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of the ethanol extract of A. esculentus root.

Materials and method: The antioxidant effect was assessed using DPPH and hydroxy radical scavenging assays. The hepatoprotective effect of the extract was evaluated using CCl₄ intoxicated HepG₂ cell line and Wistar rats by estimating the levels of hepatic and antioxidant markers.

Results: The extract of A. esculentus showed IC₅₀ values of 270.99 and 532.86?µg/mL for DPPH and hydroxy radical scavenging assays, respectively. The incubation of HepG2 cells with CCl₄ drastically decreased the cell viability and increased the leakage of transaminases. Pre-treatment with the extract significantly restored the cell death by 31.25 and 39.04% at 200 and 400?µg/mL concentrations, respectively. The reduction of ALT leakage by the treatment was 18.62, 38.59 and 52.15% compared to the CCl₄ treated cells at 100, 200 and 400?µg/mL, respectively. In in-vivo experiments also the treatment reduced the levels of transaminases, ALP, MDA, total bilirubin and hepatic TNFα levels as well as increased the antioxidant levels in a dose dependent manner. Histological observations of liver sections showed reduction in steatosis, necrosis and inflammation.

Conclusion: The results substantiated the hepatoprotective activity of A. esculentus through its antioxidant capacity.     

Biologically active compounds of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench.

The biologically important components of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench are the flavonoids, which may have choleretic, hepatoprotective and antimicrobial properties. During our study, we examined the flavonoids present in the lyophilizate of the inflorescence of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (Helichrysi flos, syn. Stoechados flos) and in the tea made from the inflorescence via qualitative and quantitative analysis, and determined the flavonoid content. We examined the properties of the lyophilizate antioxidant, and measured the H-donor activity, reducing power property and total scavenger capacity via spectrophotometric and chemiluminescent methods. We compared the results with those of the agent present in milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.), the silibinin flavonoid. Regarding the H-donor activity, our lyophilizate was determined to be more effective than the silibinin at the same amounts; on the other hand, its reducing power property and total scavenger capacity was lower than that of silibinin. The flavonoid content, which is responsible for the lyophilizate effect, was found to be 0.47% according to our measurements; it is, therefore, possible that an extract with such a concentration of flavonoids may be of therapeutic benefit.     

绿衣枳实促胃肠动力有效部位的筛选研究

目的对绿衣枳实促胃肠动力有效部位进行筛选。方法选用系统溶剂对绿衣枳实的醇提液进行萃取分为5个不同极性部位,采用小鼠胃排空及小肠推进试验筛选绿衣枳实促胃肠动力的有效部位。结果乙酸乙酯部位具有明显的促进小鼠胃排空及小肠推进作用。结论绿衣枳实促胃肠动力的有效部位是乙酸乙酯萃取部位。     

黄蜀葵花的研究进展

黄蜀葵花为锦葵科秋葵属植物黄蜀葵Abelmoschus manihot (L.)Medic.的干燥花,民间应用历史悠久.近年来研究表明黄蜀葵花的黄酮类成分具有广泛的药理活性,本文对黄蜀葵花化学成分、提取方法、含量测定及药理作用的研究现状作一综述,提出了今后的研究和发展方向.     

New data on composition of esssential oil from inflorescence of everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium(L.) Moench.)

We investigated the composition of essential oil obtained from inflorescence of Helichrysum arenarium (everlasting) which is a perennial herb, native in our home and in Middle and South East Europe. We used essential oils obtained from Hungarian and Polish mercantile samples and a plant sample cultivated in Hungary (Soroksár) by steam-distillation. The GC and GC-MS investigation revealed the presence of more than 60 compounds from which 24 were identified. The identified compounds are as follows: linalool, alpha-terpineol, carvone monoterpenes; anethol, anisaldehyde, thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, beta-asarone, butylhydroxyanisole aromatic components; alpha-humulene, beta-caryophyllene, gamma-muurolene, delta-cadinene, copaene, alpha-gurjunene, caryophyllenol, delta-cadinol and globulol sesquiterpenes as well as caprilic, pelargonic, caprinic, laurinic acids and methyl palmitate as alkyl carbonic acid and their derivatives. We established that the main components of essential oil of Hungarian and Polish mercantile samples is methyl palmitate (28.5% and 21.7% respectively) but of cultivated sample is caprinic acid (19.8%). Comparing our results of essential oil composition with those obtained from other Helichrysum species it is surprising that the alkyl carbonic acids are the dominant essential oil constitutents of Helichrysum arenarium.     

In vivo anti-ulcerogenic effect of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) on ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal lesions

Context: Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) (Malvaceae), is a medicinal plant widely used in Turkish traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as ulcers and gastritis.

Objective: In the present study, we evaluated the gastroprotective effect of okra against ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury in animal models.

Materials and methods: Wistar rats were treated with 500, 250 or 100?mg/kg okra; 20?mg/kg famotidine (Fam); and 75?mg/kg quercetin (Que). Following a 60?min period, all the rats were given 1?mL of ethanol (80%). One hour after the administration of ethanol, all groups were sacrificed.

Results: At 5000?mg/kg, the extract produced (okra) no signs of toxicity in animals. Okra 500, 250, 100, Fam 20 and Que 75 inhibited ulcer formation by 81.0, 67.5, 67.0, 76.3 and 72.4%, respectively. Okra 500 significantly decreased edema, hemorrhage and inflammation scores compared with the ethanol group (p?p?p?p?Discussion and conclusions: Our in vivo data indicate that okra has a gastroprotective effect against ethanol and could reduce the gastric ulcer as seen from biochemical and histopathological results. We suggest that okra could be a possible therapeutic antiulcer agent.     

黄蜀葵花提取物金丝桃苷的急性毒性和遗传毒性评价(英文)

研究黄蜀葵花提取物金丝桃苷的急性毒性和遗传毒性,对其安全性进行评价。急性毒性试验中,选用健康BALB/c小鼠40只,雌雄各半,灌胃给药(5000mg/kg),连续观察14天,记录中毒和死亡情况,测定小鼠的半数致死量(LD50)。用目前新药遗传毒性评价中推荐使用的3种试验方法,营养缺陷型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验(Ames试验),中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞(CHL)染色体畸变试验和小鼠骨髓微核试验研究金丝桃苷的遗传毒性。在急性毒性试验中,所有实验动物都存活,且行为活泼,未见明显异常。Ames试验中,金丝桃苷在加或不加肝微粒体酶(S9)时均未见引起TA97、TA98、TAl00和TAl02试验菌株基因突变(P>0.05)。体外CHL细胞染色体畸变试验中,金丝桃苷在加或不加S9时均未引起CHL细胞的染色体畸变(P>0.05)。小鼠微核试验中,金丝桃苷各剂量组小鼠骨髓多染红细胞微核率与阴性对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在本实验条件下,金丝桃苷对于BALB/c小鼠的LD50大于5000mg/kg,金丝桃苷没有遗传毒性。     

中药黄蜀葵花化学成分的分离与鉴定（III）

目的 研究中药黄蜀葵（Abelmoschus manihot (L.）Medic)花的化学成分。方法 采用正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱以及HPLC等手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与光谱分析方法鉴定了化合物的结构。结果 从黄蜀葵花体积分数为95%的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了9个化合物,分别为棉皮素 8-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷（gossypetin 8-O-β-D-glucuronide,1）、棉皮素 3-O-β-葡萄糖-8-O-β-葡萄糖醛酸（gossypetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside-8-O-β-glucuronopyranoside,2）、棉皮素 3'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（gossypetin 3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3）、tiliroside（4）、山奈酚3-O-[(3"-O-乙酰基-6"-O-(E)-对羟基桂皮酰基)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷（kaempferol 3-O-[3"-O-acetyl -6"-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)]-β-D-glucopyranoside,5）、槲皮素 3-O-[β-D-木糖基(1→2)-a-L-鼠李糖基(1→6)]-β-D-半乳糖苷（quercetin 3-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside,6）、4-羟基苯甲酸 β-D-葡萄糖酯（4-hydroxybenzoic acid β-D-glucose ester,7）、原儿茶酸（protocatechuic acid,8）、原儿茶酸 3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（protocatecheuic acid 3-O-β-D-glucoside,9)。结论 其中化合物2、4-9为首次从秋葵属中分离得到,并首次报道了化合物5、6、9在DMSO-d₆中的光谱数据。     

蒙药材阿给(冷蒿)止血活性部位的药效学筛选研究

目的确定冷蒿止血作用活性部位。方法对冷蒿按不同提取方法、不同溶剂极性提取,以小鼠的止血时间为筛选指标对各部位进行筛选。结果冷蒿水煎煮法可极显著缩短小鼠出血和凝血时间;冷蒿的正丁醇部位和乙酸乙酯部位可以极显著缩短小鼠的出血和凝血时间。结论正丁醇部位和乙酸乙酯部位为冷蒿止血作用的主要活性部位。