血清特异性抗HBcIgE的检测及其临床意义

本文应用ELISA法检测了600例病人及93例献血员血清的特异性抗HBclgE。研究结果证明部分肝炎病人血清中抗HBcIgE效价可高达1:3125～1:78625,HBsAg(RPHA)阳性的急性肝炎,慢性活动性肝炎、慢性迁延性肝炎阳性率分别达到52.6％、69.2％和67.9％,而献血员血清、甲型肝炎病人血清、其他非肝炎病人血清则分别为3.0％,5.5％和0％。两组血清标本之间阳性率有明显差别。可以为乙型肝炎诊断、预后判断和治疗提供参考依据。     

Plaque-Forming Cells in Rabbits Immunized with BCG Bacilli

Plaque-forming cells (PFC) in the regional lymph node, its efferent lymph, and the spleen of rabbits immunized with BCG were enumerated by localized hemolysis in gel, using sheep red blood cells coated with tuberculin protein. In the primary response, the maximal level of PFC production was reached at 5 days in the regional lymph node, and at 7 days in the spleen, whereas efferent lymphatic cells showed only a small number of PFC. Sharp peaks of PFC levels at 3 days were seen in the regional lymph node, spleen, and the efferent lymphatic cells in the secondary response. Blast cell outflow from the regional lymph node was maximal at 3 days in the secondary response as well as in the primary response. The relation between blast cell outflow and PFC production was discussed.     

SLE新的抗SmD1抗体检测的临床意义

目的：探讨新的抗SmD1抗体检测在系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）诊断中的价值。方法：用放射免疫分析检测SLE患者血清中的抗dsDNA抗体,ELISA定量法检测抗SmD1抗体、抗Sm抗体,同时用其它风湿病患者及正常健康人血清作对照。结果：80例SLE患者抗SmD1抗体阳性率为52.5,抗Sm抗体阳性率12.5,抗dsDNA抗体阳性率33.8,80例对照组抗SmD1抗体、抗Sm抗体阳性率分别为4.0、0。结论：新的抗SmD1抗体在SLE中敏感性和特异性均较高,抗SmD1抗体可作为诊断SLE的参考指标。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者血清抗dsDNA抗体的表达水平变化及临床意义分析

目的：通过检测系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者血清中抗dsDNA抗体,探讨抗dsDNA抗体在SLE的诊断与治疗中的临床意义。方法：用间接结合的放射性核素检测法（radioisotopic methods）检测SLE患者及疾病对照组（原发性干燥综合征,系统性硬化征,类风湿关节炎,多发性肌炎,混合性结缔组织病,强直性脊柱炎等）血清中的抗dsDNA抗体,同时评估SLE患者的各种临床表现（SLEADI）及实验室指标,并分析其与抗dsDNA抗体的相关性。结果：①60例SLE患者中有39例抗dsDNA抗体为阳性,阳性率为65%,抗dsDNA抗体,在33例对照组中有2例为阳性,阳性率为6.7%,抗dsDNA抗体在SLE的敏感性为65%,特异性为93.3%;②抗dsD-NA抗体与Sm抗体无相关性（P〉0.05）;与抗SSA抗体有相关性（P〈0.05）;③抗dsDNA抗体阳性患者的脱发,皮疹,口腔溃疡,蛋白尿等临床表现的发生率明显高于阴性患者（P〈0.05）;④抗dsDNA抗体阳性患者的白细胞、血小板降低等的发生率明显高于阴性患者,差异有绝对统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：抗dsDNA抗体作为SLE的特异性标记的抗体,其表达与疾病的活动性及严重程度密切相关。     

Kinetics of Cellular and Humoral Response of Rabbits Immunized with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

The cellular and humoral responses of rabbits immunized with Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen in saline or incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant were examined. Peripheral blood leukocytes were used for the leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) test. Both groups of animals showed significant LMI activity in the presence of M. pneumoniae as well as cross-reacting M. salivarium antigens but response to M. pneumoniae antigen was more pronounced. In the humoral response no such cross-reactivity was observed. Although some of the animals (3/8) demonstrated antibodies to M. salivarium prior to immunization the titers were not influenced by the immunization with M. pneumoniae antigen. Both groups of animals produced antibodies to M. pneumoniae antigen only, but significantly higher titers were observed in the adjuvant group. Cold hemagglutinins in both groups appeared earlier than the specific antibodies to mycoplasma. The adjuvant had no effect on the production of the cold agglutinins.     

β-BGT结合蛋白免疫的小鼠脾脏中特异性抗体分泌细胞与血清抗体的观察

用β-ＢＧＴ结合蛋白兔疫Ｂａｌｂ／Ｃ小鼠、以免疫酶点技术（ＥＬＩＳＰＯＴ）和ＥＬＩＳＡ方法观察免疫后１～８周小鼠脾脏中特异性抗体分泌细胞和相应时期血清抗体的产生情况。结果免疫后２周小鼠脾脏中即产生特异性ＩｇＧ型抗体分泌细胞，７周以后渐趋消失；血清中ＩｇＧ抗体滴度则在第５周以后才开始增高，并持续在恒定水平至８周以后；实验观察期间仅见小鼠毛发枯干、活动少现象，但未见明显肌无力症状出现。上述结果提示：β-ＢＧＴ结合蛋白具有较好的免疫原性，但在重症肌无力（ＭＧ）发病中的致病作用则有待进一步研究。     

谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体、C-肽及胰岛素测定在糖尿病患者中的临床意义

目的:探讨谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)抗体、C-肽(CP)及胰岛素(INS)测定在糖尿病(DM)分型中的临 床意义。方法:采用放射免疫分析(RIA)检测27例1型糖尿病(DM1)患者及49例2型糖尿病(DM2)患者的 GAD抗体、CP及INS含量;采用糖电极法测定了上述对象的空腹血糖(FPG)。结果:GAD抗体阳性率DM1患 者为66.7%,与DM2患者8.2%相比,显著增高(P<0.01);DM1患者CP及INS水平均显著低于DM2患者(P <0.01)。结论:GAD抗体是胰岛β细胞功能损伤的一个预测指标,结合CP/FPG、INS/FPG对DM分型及治疗 有重要意义。     

Antibody Response in Rabbits to Mycobacterium bovis BCG

The specificity of the immune response after immunization with Mycobacterium bovis BCG was studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel in a BCG/anti-BCG system, in which the reaction against thirty distinct components of BCG was recorded. After a single injection of total sonicate of 3 mg (dry weight) bacilli, the antibody response was markedly similar in eight rabbits. Th earliest and strongest response was directed against nine components of BCG; all but one of these belonged to the group of thirteen components that cross-react extensively with other mycobacteria. After repeated immunization with sonicate from about 0.8 microgram of BCG bacilli, five components still induced a marked antibody response. All but one of these components are among the most widely cross-reacting BCG components, and the observations made after subsequent challenge with the higher dose of BCG indicate that low-zone tolerance was induced against other components of the bacilli. The implication of these findings concerning formation of anti-mycobacterial antibodies in normal individuals and during mycobacterial infection is discussed.     

The Cardiac Autoimmune System: VII. Heart Specific Auto-Antibodies Produced in Rabbits Immunized with Human Heart

Rabbit antiserum to human heart, which revealed at least twelve cardiac “tissue” antigens after absorption with human plasma, was further absorbed with human kidney and skeletal muscle. The resulting antiserum reacted only with human heart extracts in immunodiffusion tests. One antigen restricted to heart tissue was found regularly, while a second one was visualized occasionally. The former was also detected in extracts of rabbit and rat hearts. The protein involved was identified as auto-antigen B, as seen earlier, in the complex patterns found with rabbit anti-rabbit heart auto-antibodies. “Tteactions of identity” were also found with rat anti-rat heart auto-antibodies. The same immune system was seen with several other heterologous anti-heart sera, including duck anti-rabbit heart. The auto-antigen B protein was found to have a molecular weight of about 160,000 and an isoelectric point of pH 5.2.     

Isolation and Characterization of Anti-H Antibody from Egg Yolk of Immunized Hens

An anti-H antibody was demonstrated to be produced in egg yolk as well as in serum of hens which were immunized with human type O red blood cells. The antibody in egg yolk was isolated with polyethylene glycol and ethanol and was purified by affinity chromatography using immunoadsorbant beads immobilized with H type 2 hapten (Fucai2Ga1β14GlcNAcβ). Hemagglutination reaction of the antibody from egg yolk was inhibited by human saliva samples from secretor types irrespective of their ABO blood types, and by immunoadsorbant beads which contain Fucal2Galβ structures.     

Isolation and Characterization of Anti-H Antibody from Egg Yolk of Immunized Hens

An anti-H antibody was demonstrated to be produced in egg yolk as well as in serum of hens which were immunized with human type O red blood cells. The antibody in egg yolk was isolated with polyethylene glycol and ethanol and was purified by affinity chromatography using immunoadsorbant beads immobilized with H type 2 hapten (Fucai2Ga1β14GlcNAcβ). Hemagglutination reaction of the antibody from egg yolk was inhibited by human saliva samples from secretor types irrespective of their ABO blood types, and by immunoadsorbant beads which contain Fucal2Galβ structures.     

甲肝减毒活疫苗口服免疫动物后的抗体反应

用PLAG微粒包裹甲肝减毒活疫苗制成微球口服免疫恒河猴及昆明种小鼠,用EIA法对HAV-IgM、HAV-IgG、HAV-IgA等抗体进行检测,以筛选一种方便易行的免疫途径。结果表明:恒河猴抗体应答于第3周出现,高峰期在5~6周,达1261mIU/mL,随后逐渐下降,口服加强免疫后,抗体回升,野毒株攻击后,抗体再度回升达1244mIU/mL。初次免疫HAV-IgM滴度为1∶4000,加强免疫后滴度为1∶1000,野毒株攻击后下降为1∶100。对照组仅在野毒株攻击后测到HAV-IgM。小鼠免疫2周后有HAV-IgG抗体产生,4周达高峰,S-IgA抗体1周开始测到,4周达高峰并持续两周后开始下降。微粒包裹疫苗免疫灵长类动物后所诱导产生的抗体应答,对野毒株攻击的保护效果明显。小鼠免疫结果与报道相似,但抗体反应出现的时间较免疫恒河猴的时间有所提前。     

The Metabolism of Homologous and Heterologous Serum Proteins in Baby Rabbits

The catabolism of ¹³¹I-labelled rabbit and human albumin and γ globulin has been studied in baby rabbits from the 1st to the 6th week after birth. The half-lives, based in plasma concentrations corrected for growth, were approximately constant throughout this period, and were as follows: rabbit albumin and human albumin, about 6 days; rabbit γ globulin and human γ globulin, 12–14 days. Until the age of about 3 weeks, renal excretion of iodide was very inefficient. Consequently free ¹³¹I accumulated in the stomachs, and the whole body radio-activity greatly exceeded that due to retained labelled protein.     

广州地区不同人群的空肠弯曲菌抗体及其临床意义

近年来,空肠弯曲菌引起的肠炎和腹泻病,在世界各地都有报告,在一些食物中毒患者中亦曾检出本菌。空肠弯曲菌可引起败血症、脑膜炎、心内膜炎、胆囊炎、泌尿系感染、肾炎、或“反应性”关节炎等肠道外感染症。已知本菌广泛分布于禽畜的肠道,最近已作为人畜共患病原菌而引起注意。目前认为该菌是重要的腹泻病原菌之一。因本菌     

Antibody Responses of Cattle Immunized with the Tf190 Adhesin of Tritrichomonas foetus

The antibody response patterns of cattle after subcutaneous and intranasal immunizations with adhesin Tf190 of Tritrichomonas foetus were investigated. Reactions of antibody from cattle parenterally immunized with Tf190 revealed antigen specificity and Tf190 sensitization in the majority of the animals, as determined by Western blotting. The results also demonstrated strong preimmune immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) binding to T. foetus antigens not seen in IgG1 profiles. Subcutaneous injections of Tf190 resulted in significant (P < 0.05) increases in serum IgG1 and IgG2 titers over time, as determined by parasite specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immune sera also significantly inhibited parasite adhesion to mammalian cell lines compared to the level of inhibition obtained with preimmune sera (P < 0.05). Intranasal immunization with Tf190 failed to produce measurable parasite-specific antibody in serum; however, this immunization route did result in significant (P < 0.05) increases in parasite-specific IgA titers in cervical mucus secretions from immunized animals that were more resistant to intravaginal challenge with T. foetus than controls. These results suggest that systemic immunization with Tf190 results in serum antibody production and antiparasitic adhesin antibodies. Additionally, the results of challenge experiments with intranasally immunized animals suggests that Tf190 primes protective immune responses that lead to lower rates of infection among these animals.     

多发性骨髓瘤患者血清IL-18和sVCAM-1的水平及临床意义

目的探讨多发性骨髓瘤患者血清白细胞介素18（IL-18）和可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1（sVCAM-1）的水平及临床意义。方法应用ELISA法检查15例多发性骨髓瘤患者治疗前的血清IL-18和sVCAM-1的水平,并与正常对照进行比较。结果多发性骨髓瘤患者血清IL-18和sVCAM-1的水平[（1154.6±299）pg/ml和（1704.5±405.86）ng/ml]明显高于正常对照组[（256.39±59）pg/ml和（538.16±91.21）ng/ml]。结论多发性骨髓瘤患者血清IL-18、sVCAM-1含量明显增高,可能与多发性骨髓瘤的发病机制有关。     

Anti-Horcnal and Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) Responses of Mice Immunized with Estradiol

Sera of female mice, immunized with estradiol-albumin conjugates, were tested for restricted heterogeneity of the anti-estradiol antibody response and for the development of antinuclear antibody (ANA). We found sera with the highest estradiol binding capacity gave clear evidence of clonal dominance when analyzed by isoelectric focusing. A sub-set of the immunized animals, approximately one-third, developed positive ANA serologies within 12 weeks of the primary immunization. All positive sera gave homogeneous patterns of staining in an avidin-biotin amplified indirect immunofluorescence assay. Our results point to a spontaneous production of ANA in at least some animals immunized with a ligand which binds to a nuclear receptor.