膀胱移行细胞癌中VEGF-C的表达与患者预后的关系

目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子C(VEGF-C)在膀胱移行细胞癌(BTCC)中的表达及与预后的关系.方法:采用免疫组化方法研究45例膀胱移行细胞癌中VEGF-C的蛋白水平的表达,并分析该45例患者的预后随访情况;评估VEGF-C表达与淋巴管浸润、淋巴结转移等临床病理资料和预后的相关性.结果:Kaplan-Meier 生存曲线和Logrank test生存率显示VEGF C高表达组生存率低于VEGF C低表达组(P＜o.05);COX回归多因素分析发现淋巴结转移是患者预后不良的危险因素(P＜0.05).结论:检测膀胱移行细胞癌VEGF C表达能够预示盆腔淋巴结是否转移;VEGF-C通过促进肿瘤淋巴道的浸润和转移影响疾病的进展,可能成为一项新的预后判断指标;其表达情况可以提示患者术后是否必要进行辅助治疗.     

胃癌组织中血管表皮生长因子C表达与血管和淋巴管生成及淋巴转移的关系

目的探讨胃癌组织中血管表皮生长因子C(VEGF C)表达与血管和淋巴管密度及肿瘤淋巴转移的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测 6 8例胃癌组织中VEGF C、CD 31及淋巴管内皮标记物VEGFR 3,计算VEGF C表达的阳性率及肿瘤微血管和微淋巴管密度。结果淋巴结阳性组中VEGF C阳性率 (70 % )显著高于淋巴结阴性组 (30 % ) ,P <0 0 5 ;与VEGF C阴性组 (2 4 4±2 1 )比较 ,VEGF C阳性组淋巴管密度 (2 9 6± 3 0 )明显增高 ,P <0 0 5 ,而微血管密度在两组之间差异无显著意义 ,P >0 0 5 ;与淋巴结阴性组比较 ,在淋巴结转移阳性组淋巴管密度 (31 6± 2 1 )、微血管密度 (4 0 2± 2 3)均有显著提高 ,P <0 0 5。结论VEGF C主要通过调节胃癌组织微淋巴管的生成而影响胃癌淋巴结转移 ;微淋巴管密度与微血管密度均为胃癌淋巴结转移的重要影响因素     

血管内皮生长因子-C在胃癌中的表达及其与淋巴结转移的关系

目的　研究血管内皮生长因子 C(VEGF C)在胃癌中的表达并探讨其与淋巴结转移的关系。方法　应用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)检测VEGF CmRNA在 5株胃癌细胞株中的表达情况 ,同时采用免疫组织化学法 ,检测 63例接受根治性切除手术病例的胃癌组织标本VEGF C蛋白的表达。结果　VEGF CmRNA表达于胃癌细胞株MKN 45、SGC 790 1及AGS。VEGF C蛋白则在 5 2 .4%(3 3 /63 )的病例中呈阳性表达。在伴淋巴结转移的胃癌中 ,VEGF C表达较无淋巴结转移者更显著 (P <0 .0 1)。同时 ,VEGF C表达与淋巴管浸润和TNM分期密切相关 (P <0 .0 1) ,但与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、位置、Lauren分型、浸润深度和血管浸润均无明显相关。结论　VEGF C的表达与胃癌淋巴结转移密切相关。     

早期胃癌血管内皮生长因子的表达及其与淋巴结转移的关系

目的检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)家族在早期胃癌中的表达及探讨其与早期胃癌血管增生及淋巴结转移的关系。方法用免疫组织化学方法检测97例早期胃癌VEGF家族的表达及肿瘤血管计数,并将其家族表达与肿瘤部位、组织学类型、组织浸润及淋巴结转移等进行相关分析。结果VEGF家族的表达与肿瘤部位及组织学类型无关(P>0.05)。VEGF-A和C的表达与胃壁静脉浸润、淋巴管浸润及淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。在浸润阳性或淋巴结转移阳性肿瘤中,VEGF-A和C表达阳性率较高(P<0.05)。VEGF-C表达阳性肿瘤多位于黏膜下(P<0.05)。VEGF-A、B、C与微血管计数有关,阳性表达肿瘤内血管计数明显增多(P<0.05)。多变量分析显示,VEGF-C表达是影响早期胃癌淋巴结转移的独立因素。结论术前对肿瘤组织进行VEGF-C的检测有助早期胃癌术式的选择及术后辅助治疗。     

血管内皮生长因子在宫颈癌组织中的表达

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在宫颈癌组织中的表达,及其与病理分化、临床分期和盆腔淋巴结转移的关系。方法用免疫组织化学法检测52例宫颈癌和14例正常宫颈组织VEGF的表达。结果VEGF在宫颈癌组织阳性表达率为56%,在正常宫颈组织为0,两种组织间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VEGF与宫颈癌临床分期和盆腔淋巴结转移呈显著相关。结论VEGF在宫颈癌组织的表达与肿瘤的浸润、转移及预后密切相关。     

VEGF和E-cadherin在结直肠癌中的表达及其意义

目的　研究血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)和上皮型钙粘蛋白 (E cadherin)在结直肠癌原发灶及转移淋巴结中的表达 ,探索评估结直肠癌病人临床预后的指标。方法　通过免疫组织化学方法回顾性分析我院 32例结直肠癌标本中VEGF和E cadherin在原发灶及转移淋巴结中的表达 ,并分析其与肿瘤临床病理特征间的关系。结果　VEGF和E cadherin在结肠癌原发灶中的阳性染色主要定位于细胞膜 ,阳性表达率分别为 5 0 .0 %和 34.4 %。VEGF的阳性百分率肿瘤与局部浸润程度和淋巴结转移有关。结论　VEGF的过度表达和E cadherin的低表达与肿瘤局部浸润程度和淋巴结转移有关 ,可以作为判断结直肠癌预后的辅助指标     

胃癌VEGF-C、VEGFR-3及CNTN-1的表达及其与淋巴转移的关系

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)及其受体VEGFR-3(也称Flt-4)与神经细胞黏附分子-接触蛋白-1(contactin-1,CNTN-1)在原发性胃癌组织中的表达,并分析其与淋巴转移和其他临床病理参数之间的关系。方法对37例原发性胃癌病例的原发灶和癌旁组织标本,行免疫组化法检测VEGF-C、VEGFR-3及CNTN-1的表达,测定淋巴管密度(lymphatic vessel density,LVD)。分析上述四者之间的相互关系,及其与临床病理因素之间的联系。结果胃癌组织中VEGF-C、VEGFR-3及CNTN-1的阳性表达率分别为54.05%、72.97%及62.16%。CNTN-1的表达与VEGF-C(P0.05)及VEGFR-3表达(P0.05)存在明显的相关性。VEGF-C的阳性表达与TNM分期、淋巴管浸润及淋巴结转移有关(均P0.05)。肿瘤较大、TNM分期、淋巴管浸润和淋巴结转移率较高者,CNTN-1表达的阳性率也越高(均P0.05)。VEGFR-3阳性表达与TNM分期及有淋巴结转移有关(均P0.05)。LVD计数与TNM分期晚、淋巴管浸润、淋巴结转移有关(P0.05)。LVD计数与VEGF-C的表达呈正相关(P0.05)。结论 VEGF-C、VEGFR-3和CNTN-1在胃癌组织中均存在高表达。VEGF-C的表达与LVD计数相关,且两者都与淋巴管浸润和淋巴结转移密切相关。VEGF-C可能是通过CNTN-1通路介导淋巴管生成,从而促进胃癌的淋巴管浸润和淋巴结转移。     

膀胱移行细胞癌中环氧化酶-2的表达及其预后价值

目的:探讨与膀胱移行细胞癌(BTCC)预后相关的新诊断方法。方法:采用免疫组织化学S P法检侧68例原发性BTCC和10例正常膀胱组织标本环氧化酶2(COX 2)的表达,结合临床资料探讨其相互联系及其表达与患者预后的关系。结果: 68例BTCC组织中,COX 2阳性表达率为63. 2% (43 /68),与肿瘤的病理分级、临床分期、血管浸润有关(P<0. 05),而与淋巴结是否转移的差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);对照组10例正常膀胱黏膜COX 2表达均为阴性;COX 2表达阳性生存超过5年者(54. 1% )明显低于COX 2表达阴性者( 91. 3% )(P<0. 05)。结论:COX 2表达与BTCC的恶性程度密切相关,检测COX 2表达对判断BTCC的预后有重要意义。     

血管内皮生长因子 C表达和淋巴管生成与结肠癌进展及预后的关系

目的评估血管内皮生长因子 C( VEGF- C)、淋巴管密度( LMVD)与结肠癌临床病理指标及预后的关系.方法用免疫组织化学法检测 44例原发结肠癌 VEGF- C和 VEGF受体- 3( VEGF R- 3)表达,计数 LMVD,分析上述指标与临床病理指标和预后的关系.结果本组结肠癌 VEGF- C阳性表达率为 43.2%( 19/44), LMVD为 10.14± 4.19. VEGF- C表达与肿瘤分化程度( P=0.003)、淋巴结转移( P=0.002)和 Dukes分期( P=0.001)相关. LMVD与淋巴结转移( P=0.001)和 Dukes分期( P=0.001)相关. VEGF- C表达阳性组 LMVD为 11.34± 4.83,高于 VEGF- C表达阴性组的 9.24± 3.48,但 VEGF- C与 LMVD无相关性( P=0.105). VEGF- C阳性组患者生存率明显低于阴性组( P=0.0225), LMVD阳性组患者生存率明显低于阴性组( P=0.0036).远处转移( P=0.0004)、淋巴结转移( P=0.021)和 LMVD( P=0.0469)可以作为结肠癌独立的预后因素.结论 VEGF- C和 LMVD对于判断结肠癌侵袭性和预后有重要参考价值. LMVD可以作为判断结肠癌预后的独立指标.     

宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移的危险因素分析

目的探讨宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移的相关危险因素。方法对502例Ⅰb-Ⅱb期宫颈癌根治术后患者的临床与病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果盆腔琳巴结转移率为21.91%(110/502),单因素分析显示肿瘤大小、临床分期、肌层浸润深度、宫旁切缘、病理分级、脉管瘤栓与盆腔淋巴结转移有关(P0.05)。Logistic回归多因素分析显示肌层浸润深度、临床分期、病理分级、脉管瘤栓为盆腔淋巴结转移的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论临床分期晚,病理分级差,肌层浸润1/2,脉管瘤栓阳性为宫颈癌淋巴结转移的高危因素。     

Vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in bladder transitional cell cancer and its relationship to lymph node metastasis

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), examining VEGF-C expression in bladder TCC tissue and the association of VEGF-C with clinicopathological features, as the expression of VEGF-C in several carcinomas is significantly associated with angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and regional lymph node metastasis, but there are few reports of VEGF-C expression in bladder TCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 45 patients with bladder TCC; VEGF-C expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and the association between VEGF-C expression and angiogenesis, as evaluated by microvessel density (MVD), was examined. RESULTS: There was VEGF-C expression in the cytoplasm of tumour cells, but very little in the normal transitional epithelium. VEGF-C expression was significantly associated with tumour size, pathological T stage, pathological grade, lymphatic-venous involvement and pelvic lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that VEGF-C expression was an exclusive independent factor influencing pelvic lymph node metastasis. Moreover, the patients with high VEGF-C expression had a markedly poorer prognosis than those with no or low VEGF-C expression (P = 0.014). A multivariate analysis based on the Cox proportional hazard model showed that lymph node metastasis was only an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model (P = 0.010). CONCLUSION: The present study provides evidence supporting the involvement of VEGF-C expression in the promotion of lymph node metastasis in bladder TCC. Examination of VEGF-C expression in biopsy specimens might be beneficial in predicting pelvic lymph node metastasis.     

Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) expression predicts lymph node metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

PURPOSE: It has been found that expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in several carcinomas is significantly associated with angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and regional lymph node metastasis. However, VEGF-C expression in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) has not yet been reported. To elucidate the role of VEGF-C in bladder TCC, we examined VEGF-C expression in bladder TCC and pelvic lymph node metastasis specimens obtained from patients who underwent radical cystectomy. METHODS: Eighty-seven patients who underwent radical cystectomy for clinically organ-confined TCC of the bladder were enrolled in the present study. No neoadjuvant treatments, except transurethral resection of the tumor, were given to these patients. The VEGF-C expressions of 87 bladder tumors and 20 pelvic lymph node metastasis specimens were examined immunohistochemically and the association between VEGF-C expression and clinicopathological factors, including angiogenesis as evaluated by microvessel density (MVD), was also examined. RESULTS: Vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression was found in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, but not in the normal transitional epithelium. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression was significantly associated with the pathological T stage (P = 0.0289), pelvic lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001), lymphatic involvement (P = 0.0008), venous involvement (P = 0.0002) and high MVD (P = 0.0043). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that VEGF-C expression and high MVD in bladder TCC were independent risk factors influencing the pelvic lymph node metastasis. Moreover, the patients with VEGF-C-positive tumors had significantly poorer prognoses than those with the VEGF-C-negative tumors (P = 0.0087) in the univariate analysis. The multivariate analysis based on Cox proportional hazard model showed that the independent prognostic factors were patient age (P = 0.0132) and pelvic lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0333). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that VEGF-C expression is an important predictive factor of pelvic lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer patients.     

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and VEGF receptor-3 in human prostate cancer is associated with regional lymph node metastasis

BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and its receptor, VEGFR-3, have been implicated as important factors in the formation of lymphatic vessels and recent evidence suggests that tumor lymphangiogenesis promotes lymphatic metastasis. METHODS: The expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 was examined in 22 human prostate cancer specimens with immunohistochemistry. A semi-quantitative scoring system was used for evaluation of staining. RESULTS: Expression of VEGF-C was stronger in prostate cancer areas in comparison to adjacent benign glands. In addition, patients with lymph node metastases had a significantly higher expression of VEGF-C than patients without lymph node metastases. Interestingly, VEGFR-3 was expressed in malignant prostate epithelial cells and its expression was significantly higher in the lymph node positive group compared to the lymph node negative group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that increased expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 play a role in prostate cancer progression and in metastasis to regional lymph nodes.     

The role of the lymphatic system and its specific growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor C, for lymphogenic metastasis in prostate cancer

OBJECTIVE: To compare prostate carcinoma, with and with no lymph node metastasis, to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue for lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and the expression of the lymph-endothelial specific growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), to determine their role in lymphogenic metastasis. PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lymphatic vessels were stained using lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 and assessed in standard areas. The expression of VEGF-C was assessed by the number of positive epithelial cells. The data were compared with the clinical staging. RESULTS: The lowest LVD was found in tumorous areas as opposed to periphery and nontumorous tissue (P = 0.007; P < 0.001). The highest LVD was in BPH tissue (P < 0.001). There was no correlation with clinical staging. There was more VEGF-C staining in pN1 than in pN0 and in BPH specimens (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: LVD is not a prognostic variable for the process of lymphogenic metastasis in prostate cancer. VEGF-C is up-regulated in prostate cancer and its correlation with lymph node status suggests a role for the development of lymph node metastasis, e.g. via an increased permeability of lymphatic vessels.     

血管内皮生长因子-C在大肠癌中的表达及其与淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)在大肠癌中的表达,探讨其与淋巴结转移的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学染色法检测94例大肠癌组织标本中VEGF-C的表达,同时应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测其mRNA在4株大肠癌细胞株中的表达。结果VEGF-C在53.2%的大肠癌患者中呈阳性表达;VEGF-C在淋巴结转移阳性组中的表达,与阴性组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);VEGF-C的表达与淋巴管浸润和Dukes分期密切相关(P<0.01),但与年龄、性别、肿瘤的位置、浸润深度和血管浸润均无明显相关。VEGF-CmRNA表达于大肠癌LoVo及LoVo-5-Fu耐药细胞株。结论VEGF-C的表达可能参与肿瘤淋巴管生成,与大肠癌淋巴结转移密切相关。     

食管癌病人胸导管淋巴液、血清及癌组织中VEGF-C的表达及临床意义

目的 观察血管内皮生长因子C(VEGF-c)在食管癌组织、血清及胸导管淋巴液中的表达,分析其与肿瘤淋巴结转移的关系.方法 应用免疫组织化学SP法检测76例食管癌组织中VEGF-C的表达,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测定血清和胸导管淋巴液中VEGF-C含量.结果 食管癌VEGF-C表达阳性率为63.1%,VEGF-C表达与食管癌的淋巴结转移、TNM分期显著相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),与病人年龄、肿瘤长度及病理类型无关;胸导管淋巴液中VEGF-C含量明显高于血清并与淋巴结转移有显著相关性(P<0.05).结论 食管癌组织中VEGF-C表达与肿瘤TNM分期、淋巴结转移呈明显正相关.胸导管淋巴液中VEGF-C含量明显较血清中高,淋巴液和血清中VEGF-C含量同食管癌淋巴结转移正相关.     

VEGF-C和MMP-7的表达与胃癌侵袭转移的关系

目的 探讨胃癌中血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF-C）和基质金属蛋白酶7（MMP-7）的表达及两者与胃癌侵袭和淋巴结转移的关系。方法 采用SP免疫组化技术，分别检测60例胃癌组织、癌旁组织及30例癌周区域淋巴结中VEGF-C及MMP-7的表达水平。结果 VEGF-C和MMP-7在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率明显高于正常胃黏膜及癌旁组织；在区域淋巴结癌转移组中的阳性表达率明显高于无癌转移组（P〈0．01）；伴有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中VEGF-C，MMP-7的阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．05）；VEGF-C，MMP-7表达与淋巴结转移、淋巴管侵犯、浸润深度、TNM分期有密切关系（P〈0．05）。结论 VEGF-C和MMP-7在胃癌中的高表达与胃癌浸润侵袭程度、淋巴结转移有密切关系。