3D-CT静脉造影对矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的术前评估

目的 通过3D-CT静脉造影(3D-CTV)来判断矢状窦旁脑膜瘤与矢状窦、肿瘤周围皮层回流静脉的关系,为制定手术方案提供帮助.方法 2008年6月至2010年2月收治11例矢状窦旁脑膜瘤患者术前接受3D-CTV检查,3例同时MRV检查.通过观察3D-CTV中肿瘤与所累矢状窦及周边中央沟静脉、中央前沟静脉之间的关系;术前判断矢状窦的通畅性,并根据术中实际情况来验证3D-CTV结果的准确性.结果 11例矢状窦旁脑膜瘤患者术前3D-CTV检查发现:4例位于额叶矢状窦旁脑膜瘤上矢状窦已经完全被肿瘤侵犯包裹而闭塞,手术将肿瘤包括累及矢状窦一并切除;4例额顶脑膜瘤部分侵入上矢状窦,上矢状窦仍然通畅,其中3例手术将累及上矢状窦侧壁及侵入窦内肿瘤一并切除,同时修补上矢状窦,另1例行肿瘤切除加累及的上矢状窦侧壁电凝烧灼;3例额顶脑膜瘤仅累及上矢状窦侧壁而没有侵入至窦内,1例手术将肿瘤连同矢状窦侧壁外层一并切除,2例行肿瘤加受累及矢状窦侧壁电凝.5例患者3D-CTV同时清晰显示肿瘤与周围中央沟静脉、中央前沟静脉之间关系密切,1例患者中央前沟静脉术中有损伤,其余患者静脉均保护完好.9例矢状窦旁脑膜瘤获得Simpson Ⅰ级全切除,2例Simpson Ⅱ级全切除,术后患者恢复良好,随访未见肿瘤复发.结论 3D-CTV所显示肿瘤与矢状窦关系与手术实际情况吻合.相对于MRV和DSA,通过3D-CTV检查可更方便、直观地判断矢状窦旁脑膜瘤与矢状窦及肿瘤周边静脉的关系,对于矢状窦旁脑膜瘤术前行3D-CTV检查,可为手术方案的制定提供帮助.     

复发性矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的再手术治疗经验

目的探讨复发性矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的再手术治疗经验.方法 10例复发性矢状窦旁脑膜瘤均采用显微外科技术进行手术切除,同时对受累的矢状窦作相应的处理,其中肿瘤切除后直接缝合破损窦壁2例、切开窦壁切除窦腔内肿瘤后缝合窦壁3例、切除窦腔内肿瘤及受累窦壁后用自体硬脑膜修补4例、窦腔完全闭塞的1例行矢状窦结扎并切除.结果本组无手术死亡,均取得了显微镜下全切除,术后除1例遗留轻度左下肢肌力减退外,其余病人均恢复良好.结论采用显微外科技术处理复发性矢状窦旁脑膜瘤均可做到镜下全切除,积极、妥善地处理受累的矢状窦对病人的预后至关重要,同时也是预防矢状窦旁脑膜瘤再次复发的关键所在.     

显微手术切除矢状窦旁脑膜瘤(附35例报告)

目的探讨矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的诊断和治疗方法.方法根据肿瘤的临床特点,术前行CT 、MR、血管造影检查,使用显微手术,根据肿瘤大小,位置决定整块或分块切除,术中妥善处理供血动脉,保护矢状窦及中央静脉,以避免不良后果.结果本组主要表现为大脑半球损害的症状和体征,经MR确诊后均行手术治疗.肿瘤全切除33例,次全切除2例.因2例术中未能保留中央静脉而造成偏瘫,2例因脑血管病、肺炎死亡.余31例恢复良好.门诊随访2～6年无复发.结论矢状窦旁脑膜瘤行CT、MRI检查可明确诊断,显微手术是最佳的治疗方法,切除肿瘤避免功能区损伤是取得手术成功的关键.     

大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术治疗的研究

目的探讨大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术的方法及效果。方法回顾性分析47例大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤患者的临床资料,术前影像学检查显示肿瘤位于矢状窦前1/3者27例,中1/3者11例,后1/3者9例,肿瘤最大径4~8 cm,47例患者均行显微手术治疗。结果按照切除程度划分,SimpsonⅠ级切除25例,Ⅱ级切除17例,Ⅲ级切除5例。随访时间6~49个月,SimpsonⅠ级切除的25例患者均无复发;22例SimpsonⅡ~Ⅲ级切除患者中,共有3例患者复发,均再次手术治疗。无手术死亡病例。结论术中对回流静脉、侧支静脉及静脉窦的保护,尽可能全切除或次全切除肿瘤,可以有效提高大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术治疗的效果。     

DSA、术前栓塞在上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤手术中的价值

目的研究DSA在明确上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤血供情况、引流静脉代偿及矢状窦阻塞中的作用。方法回顾性分析41例矢状窦旁脑膜瘤病人的病历资料,比较术前未进行DSA检查组、DSA检查组和DSA加栓塞组之间术中出血、手术时间、手术全切肿瘤程度情况。结果DSA检查组和DSA加栓塞组较未进行DSA检查组手术全切率高(P< 0.05);DSA加栓塞组较未栓塞组术中失血少(P< 0.05);各组间手术时间无显著性差别(P> 0.05)。结论术前行DSA检查可以明确矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的血供、引流静脉代偿及矢状窦阻塞情况,能指导术前栓塞以减少术中出血,并为手术全切脑膜瘤提供有用信息。     

中央区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术及中央沟静脉保护(16例报告)

矢状窦旁脑膜瘤是颅内常见脑膜瘤之一, 而位于中央区附近的窦旁脑膜瘤,因常常累及矢状窦以及中央沟静脉等引流静脉,且术中易导致中央沟静脉损伤而导致术后肢体瘫痪等并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量.所以,在全切除肿瘤的基础上,重视对中央沟静脉及重要引流静脉的保护显得尤为重要.2006年10月~2010年6月,我科采用显微手术切除中央区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤16例,术中注意了对中央沟静脉的保护,效果良好.现报告如下.     

矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的手术治疗

目的探讨矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的手术方法和技巧.方法回顾性分析54例矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的临床资料.结果手术全切肿瘤51例(94.5%),其中SimpsonⅠ级切除者22例(40.8%),SimpsonⅡ级切除者29例(53.7%);余3例SimpsonⅢ级切除(5.5%).术后随访6～72个月,无手术死亡.结论矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的手术治疗应力争达到SimpsonⅠ级切除;充分的术前准备、良好的手术暴露、有效地控制术中出血、保护并妥善处理好上矢状窦和避免脑皮质损伤是提高矢状窦旁脑膜瘤手术全切率与手术疗效的重要因素.     

显微手术治疗窦镰旁脑膜瘤的疗效

目的 探讨显微手术切除矢状窦、大脑镰旁脑膜瘤的疗效。方法 回顾性分析手术治疗的46例矢状窦、大脑镰旁脑膜瘤的临床资料,其中矢状窦前1/3段 13例,中1/3 29例,后1/3 4例;肿瘤基底位于矢状窦16例,大脑镰22例,矢状窦和大脑镰同时受累8例。结果 肿瘤SimpsonⅠ级切除32例,Ⅱ级切除9例,Ⅲ级切除4例,Ⅳ级切除1例。41例术后随访1~5年,肿瘤复发3例,行放射治疗2例,再手术1例。结论 良好的手术显露,矢状窦及引流静脉的妥善保护和处理是提高矢状窦旁、大脑镰脑膜瘤手术疗效的重要因素。     

大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的探讨大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术方法和疗效。方法回顾性分析34例大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤患者的临床资料,34例患者均行显微手术治疗。结果脑膜瘤切除程度按Simpson分级:Ⅰ级切除26例,Ⅱ~Ⅲ级切除8例。术后随访0.5~5年,22例患者感觉或运动障碍均有不同程度的恢复;8例癫痫患者中6例癫痫未再发作;复发1例,再次行手术治疗。结论采用显微外科技术,有效保护重要引流静脉、侧副静脉及静脉窦,尽可能全切除或次全切除肿瘤,是提高大脑镰及矢状窦脑膜瘤手术疗效的重要因素。     

大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤术中静脉系统保护的探讨

目的 探讨大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤术中静脉系统保护的临床意义.方法 回顾性分析34例采用手术切除的大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤病人的临床资料,总结处理瘤周侧支静脉和受累矢状窦的经验.结果 手术切除上矢状窦前段1例,明胶海绵+耳脑胶修补破损窦壁5例,电灼侧壁23例.按Simpson切除分级:Ⅰ级切除26例,Ⅱ～Ⅲ级切除8例.随访34例,时间6个月～5年.无相关静脉损伤后并发症.结论 术前通过静脉血管造影明确瘤周侧支静脉及上矢状窦受累程度,有助于大脑镰及矢状窦旁脑膜瘤术中对静脉系统的保护,减少术后并发症.     

Arteriovenous malformation of the middle and posterior third section of the corpus callosum treated with embolization and surgery

We are presenting the case of a 58 year-old woman with an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the middle and posterior thirds of the corpus callosum which had produced two episodes of bleeding before admission to our Department, when the patient was neurologically intact. The nidus was fed by the anterior and posterior pericallosal arteries draining through the left medial atrial vein to the vein of Galen, by parasagittal cortical veins to the superior sagittal sinus and by right temporal veins to the sphenoparietal sinus. The patient underwent embolization of the anterior and posterior feeders in two sessions separated by a week interval, and then the AVM was removed through a left paramedial parietooccipital craniotomy in a single stage. The patient showed transient mild short term memory deficit, but the final outcome was excellent.     

上矢状窦旁中后1/3脑膜瘤术中回流静脉的保护

目的探讨上矢状窦旁中后1/3脑膜瘤术中如何保护回流静脉,以提高手术治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2002年11月至2010年12月应用回流静脉保护技术治疗上矢状窦旁中后1/3脑膜瘤42例,术前均行MRV检查,术中采取跨中线骨瓣,绕行剪开硬膜,妥善处理肿瘤与中央沟静脉粘连和受累的矢状窦。采取传统手术20例。结果采取回流静脉保护组回流静脉均保护完整,无神经功能障碍加重。传统手术组4例因术中回流静脉损伤而出现偏瘫、颅高压症状,1例行去骨瓣减压术,2例上肢遗留偏瘫。结论应用术前MRV检查和术中注意回流静脉的保护等显微技术切除上矢状窦旁中后1/3脑膜瘤可减少脑重要功能区的损伤,提高术后患者生存质量。     

上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤致上矢状窦阻塞时侧支静脉通路的意义

目的 分析上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤致上矢状窦(SSS)阻塞时其侧支静脉通路的建立情况，确定其在肿瘤切除术中的意义。方法 总结归纳86例上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤行MRA及DSA检查时的静脉系表现。结果 27例发生SSS完全阻塞，59例部分阻塞。18例在阻塞的SSS周围出现了由表浅皮层静脉所形成的侧支静脉环；通过表浅皮层静脉与蝶顶窦及小脑幕静脉系建立端—端吻合的16例；通过与Troland或Labbe静脉建立吻合的14例；通过大脑镰与下矢状窦吻合的9例；通过脑膜静脉并经板障静脉引流到颈外静脉系的17例；混合型12例。结论 上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤致SSS阻塞时，肿瘤周围存在广泛侧支静脉通路，术中应注意保护。脑DSA及MRA检查对术前了解SSS通畅性及侧支静脉通路建立有帮助。     

Transient Neurologic Deterioration after Total Removal of Parasagittal Meningioma Including Completely Occluding Superior Sagittal Sinus

In surgical planning of the parasagittal meningioma, invasion and occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus are important factors. When tumor is located within anterior 1/3, or when angiographic finding shows total occlusion of superior sagittal sinus, it is regarded that the ligation of superior sagittal sinus is safe. We report a case of parasagittal meningioma in 59-year-old male patient with complete occlusion of superior sagittal sinus which was confirmed by preoperative angiography, who developed temporary neurologic deterioration after superior sagittal sinus ligation and resection.     

Occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus caused by meningioma, intracranial volume-pressure relations and brain edema]

Fifty-one cases of parasagittal meningiomas were analysed. In 37 cases the tumour was situated in the middle and posterior part of the falx. In 17 cases occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus was diagnosed and confirmed by angiography. No correlation was found between the extent of brain oedema and sinus occlusion and tumour size. However, extensive oedema was present in tumours of high malignancy. Occlusion of the sagittal sinus caused no increase of intracranial pressure or venous stasis. This suggests that sinus occlusion caused by meningioma is completely compensated and has no effect on the preoperative and postoperative course.     

Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis in the Presence of Idiopathic Bilateral Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis

Cerebral venous outflow obstruction and anomalies in cerebral venous circulation predispose to dural sinus thrombosis. This case report illustrates the magnetic resonance and angiographic findings in a patient who had superior sagittal sinus thrombosis secondary to idiopathic bilateral internal jugular vein stenosis, a previously unrecognized entity. The findings suggest that bilateral stenosis of the internal jugular veins at their junction with the innominate veins causes obstruction to cerebral venous outflow leading to dural sinus thrombosis.     

Paradoxical Exacerbation of Symptoms with Obstruction of the Venous Outflow after Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Treatment of a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula of the Cavernous Sinus

A 59-year-old female presented with progressive right proptosis, chemosis and ocular pain. An imaging work-up including conventional catheter angiography showed a right-sided dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus, which drained into the right superior petrosal sinus, right superior ophthalmic vein, and right inferior ophthalmic vein, and cortical venous reflux was seen via the right petrosal vein in the right posterior fossa. After failure of transvenous embolization, the patient underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). At one month after GKRS, she developed increasing ocular pain and occipital headache. Repeat angiography showed partial obliteration of the fistula and loss of drainage via the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins with severe congestion, resulting in slow flow around the right cerebellar hemisphere. Prompt transarterial embolization relieved the patient''s ocular symptoms and headache. We report on a case of paradoxical exacerbation of symptoms resulting from obstruction of the venous outflow after GKRS for treatment of a dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus.     

Unusual Intracranial Parasagittal Meningioma Extending into the Internal Jugular Vein through the Sinuses

Meningiomas frequently invade cerebral venus sinuses, especially parasagittal meningioma to superior sagittal sinus. However, most invasions do not reach internal jugular vein. We present a case of parasagittal meningioma extending into the internal jugular vein through the sinuses. Radiological investigation revealed that the tumor was invading the sagittal, transverse, sigmoid sinus and junction of the internal jugular vein to subclavian vein, which was filled with tumor. The histopathological examinations revealed that both the cerebral tumor and mass in the internal jugular vein contributed to the transitional meningioma. This is a rare case of a meningioma extending into the internal jugular vein through the sinuses. According to this case, the frontal parasagittal meningioma could invade directly the internal jugular vein. The significance of this association to cerebral venus sinuses and internal jugular vein are discussed.     

大型矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微外科治疗

目的探讨显微外科技术在大型矢状窦旁脑膜瘤手术中的应用。方法肿瘤位于矢状窦前1/3有6例,中1/3有13例,后1/3有8例;其中跨上矢状窦两侧的有2例,颅骨侵犯的2例,软组织侵犯的1例合并有肿瘤卒中。采用跨中线骨瓣,显微手术技术切除27例上矢状窦旁大型脑膜瘤。结果肿瘤SimpsonⅠ级16例,SimpsonⅡ级8例,SimpsonⅢ级3例;术后回访3~36个月,1例术后二个月复发。结论采用显微外科技术,暴露上矢状窦,充分显露肿瘤,有效控制出血,保护回流静脉,可减少并发症。