2010年广州市甲型H1N1流感病毒分离株HA基因变异分析

目的比较2010年广州市分离到的甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素（HA）基因和2009年中国大陆甲型H1N1流感病毒HA基因的变异情况,为甲型H1N1流感的监测和防控提供理论依据。方法收集2010年广州市有发热和呼吸道症状病人的咽拭子标本,用H1N1流感特异性引物进行PCR检测,扩增分离到的H1N1病毒HA片段,测序后与2009年的H1N1毒株进行比对和分析,并用生物信息学方法对抗原位点和糖基化位点进行分析。结果共收集到426份标本,甲型流感阳性211份,其中H1N1流感4株,与2009年分离的甲型H1N1流感相比,有12个氨基酸碱基位点发生了有意义突变,其中6个位点位于抗原位点上;4株毒株HA基因145位氨基酸都发生了变异;其中2株毒株在第180位氨基酸位点的抗原位点发生了变异。进化分析表明4株毒株与2009年中国大陆分离的8株毒株进化关系较远。结论 2010年广州市甲型H1N1毒株与2009年相比发生了较大变异。HA基因145位和180位氨基酸位点变异对H1N1毒株抗原变异有重要意义。本文分离的A/Guangdong/ZS03/2010（H1N1）和A/Guangdong/ZS01/2010（H1N1）毒株可能已经发生了抗原性漂移。     

唐山市甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素基因序列分析

目的 分析2010—2016年唐山市甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)基因序列进化特征.方法 选取唐山市3家哨点医院流感样病例分离到的24株甲型H1N1病毒,通过RT-PCR和测序方法获得HA基因的全长序列,运用分子生物学软件和统计学软件对序列进行拼接、比对和分析.结果 同源进化分析显示,24株甲型H1N1流感病毒HA基因与疫苗株A/California/7/2009的核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性分别为97.0%~99.0%和97.0%~98.5%.进化分析显示,2010—2016年唐山地区流行的甲型H1N1流感病毒属于1、7、6三个基因分支,其中6分支毒株分为6C、6B、6B.1和6B.2亚支.氨基酸位点分析显示,不同毒株与疫苗株比较存在8~16处氨基酸位点改变,其中7个变异涉及3个抗原表位:H138Q/Y和S203T突变位于Ca区,N125S、K153E、S162N、K163T/Q突变位于Sa区,S185T突变位于Sb区同时也位于受体结合部位;2015—2016流行季6B.1分支毒株抗原位点S162N突变增加了新的潜在糖基化位点.结论 与疫苗株比较,随着时间推移唐山地区甲型H1N1流感病毒发生了抗原漂变,未来仍应关注6B分支流行株的变化.     

2009-2011年广东省甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素基因的进化特征

目的 了解2009-2011年广东甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素基因的HA1进化特征。方法 选取广东甲型H1N1流感病毒83株,提取病毒RNA,经RT-PCR反应扩增HA1并测序,测定的序列用生物信息软件分析,与GenBank中相关序列比较,并对推导的编码氨基酸序列进行进化分析。结果 2009-2011年广东甲型H1N1流感病毒HA1基因的进化速率是5.2× 10-3,高于人季节性H1N1病毒;变异氨基酸多数位于HA蛋白表面,其中部分位于抗原决定簇;在两例死亡病例分离株HA1的第222位氨基酸发生D222G/D222N变异。结论 遗传进化分析表明,甲型H1N1流感病毒发生了一定程度的变异,造成2011年初在广东的再次流行。HA1的第222位氨基酸变异可能与疾病的严重程度有关。     

2009年泉州市H1N1流感监测及基因特性分析

目的 了解2009年泉州地区H1N1流感监测情况,分析泉州市H1N1流感病毒的HA和NA基因特征,探讨该病毒的遗传变异及分子特性.方法 对泉州市H1N1流感监测期间的病人咽拭子采用real-time RT-PCR方法检测病毒核酸,MDCK细胞培养进行病毒分离、鉴定,并提取其中2株代表性毒株病毒RNA;采用RT-PCR扩增病毒HA和NA基因,纯化产物进行核苷酸序列测定;用DNAStar Megalign软件进行序列分析.结果 1020份咽拭子中有200份为H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性,70份季节性流感病毒核酸阳性,其中53份为H3N2亚型,14份为H1N1亚型,3份为B型,并分离到29株甲型H1N1流感病毒株.HA基因经核苷酸序列测定显示,该毒株与北美流行株高度同源,由HA基因核苷酸序列推导的氨基酸系列与疫苗株A/Brisbane/59/2007相比,有22个位于抗原决定簇的氨基酸位点发生变异,但受体结合特异性仍为人样受体.NA基因耐药性位点分析,显示对达菲药物依然敏感.结论 2009年泉州市H1N1流感流行毒株与北美流行株高度同源,相对于疫苗代表株出现了HA蛋白抗原性的改变.     

河北省2010—2020年甲型H3N2流感病毒HA基因抗原漂移分析

目的:分析河北省甲型H3N2流感病毒HA基因进化分支分布及抗原位点变异特征。方法:依据不同流行年度不同地区分布选取46株河北省H3N2毒株,MEGA建立HA基因进化树,BioEdit比对核苷酸和氨基酸序列在抗原决定簇及潜在糖基化位点变异情况,对2019—2020年流行3C.2a1b+T135K和3C.2a1b+T131...     

2011-2014年青岛地区甲型H3N2流感病毒基因进化分析

目的 了解2011-2014年青岛地区人群甲型H3N2流感病毒流行株基因进化及抗原变异趋势.方法 选取2011-2014年间青岛地区流行的甲型H3N2流感病毒64株,提取病毒RNA,应用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增HA、NA、MP 3个基因片段,并进行序列测定,对各基因片段进行系统发育分析及基因和氨基酸位点变异分析.结果 HA进化树分析表明,甲型H3N2流感病毒基本上分为三大分支,并且每个分支与当年的疫苗株都不在同一分支上;HA1蛋白抗原决定簇共有8个位点发生了变化;NA蛋白酶活性中心及周围相关位点氨基酸组成保守,未检测到耐奥司他韦和扎那米韦的变异位点.M2蛋白均发生S31N突变.结论 2011-2014年青岛地区流行的H3N2流感病毒在持续不断地发生基因变异而产生抗原漂移;毒株全部为烷胺类药物耐药株,但对神经氨酸酶抑制剂敏感.     

河北省2010—2020年甲型H3N2流感病毒HA基因抗原漂移分析

目的分析河北省甲型H3N2流感病毒HA基因进化分支分布及抗原位点变异特征。方法依据不同流行年度不同地区分布选取46株河北省H3N2毒株, MEGA建立HA基因进化树, BioEdit比对核苷酸和氨基酸序列在抗原决定簇及潜在糖基化位点变异情况, 对2019—2020年流行3C.2a1b+T135K和3C.2a1b+T131K亚组同源建模, 分析突变位点构象差异。结果河北省甲型H3N2流感病毒经历1和5簇(2010—2011), 自2012年春季步入3C簇, 3C-2012/13、3C.3和3C.3a分支在2013—2014年迭代流行, 2014—2017年3C.3a分支均有覆盖, 2015—2016流行年度的3C.2a1分化出2017—2020年优势流行株3C.2a1b+T131K和3C.2a1b+T135K。病毒HA蛋白抗原决定簇A、B、C、D和E均有氨基酸突变, 突变类型包括稳定保留、多样突变和特征突变, 通过建模分析比较3C.2a1b+T135K和3C.2a1b+T131K两个亚组HA蛋白抗原表位空间构象, 50、128、131、135、138和193位点空间结构差异可能导致病毒抗...     

猪型(H1N1)流感病毒血凝素和神经氨酸酶基因来源的研究

目的 研究2002年我国内地从猪群中分离的猪型(H1N1)毒株HA和NA基因来源。及其使猪致病的原因。方法 用PCR扩增目的基因，用P^GEM-T Easy Vector，4℃过夜连接，重组质粒转入DH-10B细菌，筛选阳性菌落，酶切鉴定，送六合通公司自动测序，并作进化树分析。结果 3株猪型(H1N1)病毒的HA和NA基因属猪型(H1N1)流感病毒，而不同于其他禽或人的H1N1亚型流感病毒。2002年猪型毒株由1991年猪型毒株演变而来。近来我国内地猪群中猪型毒株活动增强，其对猪能致病是由于病毒粒HA和NA蛋白抗原性发生变异所造成。结论 3株猪型病毒的HA和NA基因来源于猪型(H1N1)毒株。近来猪型毒株对猪具有致病性和活动增强是由于其HA和NA蛋白分子上氨基酸序列发生替换所造成。     

2018-2019年辽宁省甲型流感病毒流行株HA基因进化与疫苗株匹配度分析

目的分析辽宁省2018-2019年甲型流感毒血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)基因,计算并评估流行株与疫苗株的匹配度。方法选取2018-2019年49株甲型流感毒株进行测序,对HA基因进行进化分析;研究抗原表位、糖基化位点及受体结合位点变异情况;采用Pepitope模型对流行株与疫苗匹配度进行分析。结果2018-2019年流感流行季为11月份至次年3月份,主要流行型别为新甲型H1N1亚型。经进化分析,新甲型H1N1流行株属于6B.1分支,与当年疫苗株属于同一分支;季节性H3N2毒株分布在3C.2a分支上,与2018-2019年疫苗株处于同一分支,但2019-2020年疫苗株位于3C.3a分支。部分毒株在抗原表位及受体结合位点上发生了突变。若干毒株与疫苗株相比,糖基化位点发生了增加或缺失,并未出现新的糖基化位点。使用Pepitope模型对疫苗效力从分子水平进行评估,本年度新甲型H1N1流感疫苗效力及2019-2020年疫苗株预测效力均能达到较为理想的效果。但是季节性H3N2疫苗株与本年度流行株匹配度低,计算出的疫苗效力半数以上为负值。2019-2020年H3N2亚型疫苗株效力有待进一步观察。结论2018-2019年辽宁省甲型H1N1流行株发生了一定程度的变异,H3N2亚型流行株与2018-2019年疫苗株匹配度低。应密切关注流行株的基因变异情况并及时更新疫苗株。     

1995-2007年深圳市H1N1流感病毒血凝素基因的序列分析

目的 研究1995-2007年深圳市流行的H1N1流感病毒血凝素(HA)的基因特性.方法 选取在该期间分离培养到的64株H1N1流感病毒,对其进行HA片段核苷酸序列测定并推导出其氨基酸序列,用Simmonic软件和Mega软件对其进行分析.结果 深圳市H1N1流感毒株在进化树上可以划分为A、B、C三个分枝.部分2005-2006年毒株与2001年毒株在同一分枝上.通过同源性分析发现部分WHO所推荐的疫苗株在时间上滞后于深圳株.深圳H1N1株的4个抗原决定簇及受体结合位点均发生了氨基酸的替换.除1995年外其余年份的毒株均在137位上发生了氨基酸的缺失.结论 1995-2007年深圳市H1N1毒株氨基酸的变异主要集中在抗原决定簇及受体结合部位.并且抗原决定簇的变异活跃区域随时间的推移发生了转移.     

HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1 and -DPB1 genes in Japanese multiple sclerosis patients

Japanese MS patients and controls were examined for the distribution of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1 and -DPB1 alleles using in vitro amplification of genomic DNA and probing with sequence-specific oligonucleotides. No significant difference in frequency of the examined alleles was observed among the two groups. This is in contrast to Norwegian MS patients, where an association to a combination of certain DQA1 and DQB1 alleles has previously been demonstrated.     

NDE1 and NDEL1: Multimerisation,alternate splicing and DISC1 interaction

Nuclear Distribution Factor E Homolog 1 (NDE1) and NDE-Like 1 (NDEL1) are highly homologous mammalian proteins. However, whereas NDEL1 is well studied, there is remarkably little known about NDE1. We demonstrate the presence of multiple isoforms of both NDE1 and NDEL1 in the brain, showing that NDE1 binds directly to multiple isoforms of Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), and to itself. We also show that NDE1 can complex with NDEL1. Together these results predict a high degree of complexity of DISC1-mediated regulation of neuronal activity.     

韩国人CYP450 1A1、CYP450 2E1和GSTM1、GSTT1、GSTP1基因座遗传多态性分析

目的 调查代谢相关的CYP4501A1、CYP4502E1和GSTM1、GSIT1、GSTP1基因座在韩国人群中的遗传多态性分布状况。方法 采用多重聚合酶链式反应、聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术，分析300名韩国健康大学生的CYP1A1基因3′端限制性内切酶Msp Ⅰ位点、CYP2E1基因5′端转录调节区Pst Ⅰ位点和GSTM1、GSTT1缺失与存在、GSTP1基因第5外显子BsmA Ⅰ位点的基因型，计算基因型和基因频率。结果 CYP1A1基因型频率为ml／ml型39．7％、ml／m2型49．7％、m2／m2型10．7％，基因频率为ml 0．645、m2 0．355。CYP2E1基因型频率为cl／cl型66．7％、cl／c2型30％、c2／c2型3．3％，基因频率为C1 0．818、C2 0．182。GSTM1基因缺失型频率为53．3％。GSTT1基因缺失型频率为54．7％。GSTP1基因型频率为Ile／Ile型62％、Ile／Val型34．3％、VaL／Val型3．7％，基因频率为Ile 0．792、Val 0．208。基因分布符合Hardy-Weirtberg平衡定律。结论 韩国人CYP1A1、CYP2E1、GSTM1、GSTT1基因分布与我国人群较为相近，半数以上人缺乏GSTM1和GSTT1基因，纯合缺失型频率超过印度人的3倍。     

Maternal genetic polymorphisms in CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 and the risk of hypospadias

Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies. Increased exposure to environmental factors (endocrine-disrupting chemicals and smoking) or maternal endogenous estrogen may cause hypospadias because male sexual differentiation is dependent on normal androgen homeostasis. Moreover, interactions between genetic factors and cigarette smoking and other chemicals have been suggested. It has been demonstrated that the CYP1A1 metabolizes not only environmental chemicals but also estrogens, and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are detoxification enzymes that protect cells from toxicants by conjugation with glutathione. In this study, to investigate the association of CYP1A1 (MspI), GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms with hypospadias, a case-control study of 31 case mothers who had boys with hypospadias and 64 control mothers was performed in Japan. These polymorphisms were investigated by PCR-based methods using DNA from peripheral lymphocytes. We found that the heterozygous CYP1A1 and heterozygous and homozygous CYP1A1 were less frequent in the case mothers than in the control mothers [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.04-0.74, OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.08-0.97, respectively]. We found no effect of maternal smoking on the hypospadias risks among the gene polymorphisms. The results suggest that mothers with the CYP1A1 MspI variant allele may have a decreased risk for hypospadias.     

Rb1cc1 is critical for myoblast differentiation through Rb1 regulation

Rb1-inducible coiled-coil 1 (Rb1cc1) expressed at high levels is associated with the maturation of human embryonic musculoskeletal cells. To clarify the molecular role of Rb1cc1 in muscular differentiation, we investigated the expression of Rb1cc1 and other genes that regulate differentiation in murine embryonic tissues and in C2C12 myoblasts. We also evaluated the effects of RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated Rb1cc1 knockdown on C2C12 myoblast differentiation. After Rb1cc1, Rb1 and myosin heavy chain (Myhc) were expressed in mouse embryonic muscles. The synchronous expression of Rb1cc1 and Rb1 predicted Myhc expression during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Rb1cc1 led to Rb1 suppression, and C2C12 myoblasts failed to differentiate. These results indicated that Rb1cc1 is a potent regulator of the Rb1 pathway and a novel mediator that plays a crucial role in muscular differentiation. Rb1cc1 expression is, thus, a prerequisite for myogenic differentiation.     

Circulatinglong non-coding RNA FEZF1-AS1 and AFAP1-AS1 serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer

BackgroundGrowing evidence indicates that two long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), FEZ family zinc finger 1 antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1) and Actin filament associated protein 1 antisenseRNA1 (AFAP1-AS1), are highly expressed in different cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). However, the expression pattern and clinical utility of these two lncRNAs are still unknown.MethodsSerum expression levels of FEZF1-AS1 andAFAP1-AS1 were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). CEA and CA19-9 were detected by ARCHITET I2000 SR. Analyses were all performed using SPSS software version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsDetection of serum FEZF1-AS1 and AFAP1-AS1 showed both of them were up-regulated in GC patients compared with the normal controls (p < 0.0001), and high serum expression levels were correlated with tumor size, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and lymph node metastasis. Besides, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) demonstrated the two lncRNAs had higher diagnostic utility than CEA and CA19-9. Furthermore, when combined the two lncRNAs as a model, it yielded an AUC of 0.866, and the combination of the model, CEA and CA19-9 could observably improve diagnostic sensitivity to 95.5 %. What’s more, circulating FEZF1-AS1 and AFAP1-AS1 were significantly decreased after the GC patients underwent the operation (both p < 0.001).ConclusionOur study indicated that serum FEZF1-AS1 and AFAP1-AS1 had better sensitivity and efficiency for the diagnosis of GC and the combination of the two lncRNAs might be used as a potential prognostic indicator in GC.     

神经系统RNA结合蛋白Musashi1 RRM1的初步结晶

目的 对Musashi1发挥功能的 RRM1结构域进行结晶,得到可用来衍射的蛋白晶体,为之后的结构解析打基础。方法 通过构建Musashi1RRM1的原核表达载体,并在BL21中表达、纯化高纯度的蛋白质,通过筛选结晶体条件得到蛋白晶体。结果 通过系统筛选和优化晶体生长条件得到了蛋白晶体。结论 Musashi1 RRM1的蛋白晶体质量较好,满足蛋白晶体衍射和数据收集的要求。     

HIV-1 Nef stabilizes AP-1 on membranes without inducing ARF1-independent de novo attachment

HIV-1 Nef affects the trafficking of numerous cellular proteins to optimize viral replication and evade host defenses. The adaptor protein (AP) complexes, which form part of the cytoplasmic coat of endosomal vesicles, are key cellular co-factors for Nef. Nef binds these complexes and alters their physiologic cycle of attachment and release from membranes. Specifically, while AP-1 normally becomes cytosolic when attachment events are blocked by inhibition of the GTPase cycle of ADP-ribosylation factor-1 (ARF1), the complex remains membrane-associated in Nef-expressing cells. To investigate the mechanism of this effect, we used a permeabilized cell system to detect the de novo attachment of exogenous AP-1 to endosomal membranes. Nef did not mediate de novo attachment independently of ARF1, despite its ability to maintain the association of AP-1 with endosomal membranes when the activity of ARF1 was blocked. We conclude that Nef stabilizes AP complexes on endosomal membranes after ARF1-dependent attachment. This stabilization may facilitate coat formation and stimulate the trafficking of multiple cellular proteins.     

IL—1受体相关激酶—1和—2协同调控IL—1诱导的AP—1的活化

目的研究白介素 - 1受体相关激酶 - 1(IRAK- 1)和 IRAK- 2在白介素 - 1(IL - 1)诱导 AP- 1活化中的作用。方法L ipofectin介导反义 IRAK- 1寡核苷酸和反义 IRAK- 2寡核苷酸转染 Hep G2细胞。用逆转录 PCR法检测 IRAK - 1和 IRAK- 2m RNA表达水平 ;Western blot分析 IRAK- 1和 IRAK - 2蛋白表达水平。以 Sandwich EL ISA法检测 AP- 1的活化。结果反义IRAK- 1寡核苷酸和反义 IRAK- 2寡核苷酸通过抑制各自靶基因 m RNA和蛋白表达抑制 IL- 1诱导的 AP- 1活化 ;反义 IRAK-1寡核苷酸与反义 IRAK- 2寡核苷酸共转染 Hep G2细胞对 AP- 1的抑制作用较两者单独转染明显增强。结论 IRAK- 1和 I-RAK- 2在调控白介素 - 1诱导的 AP- 1活化时协同作用。     

Ah receptor, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms are not involved in the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss

The etiology of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) remains unclear, but it may be related to a possible genetic predisposition together with involvement of environmental factors. We examined the relation between RPL and polymorphisms in four genes, human aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1, which are involved in the metabolism of a wide range of environmental toxins and carcinogens. All cases and controls were women resident in Sapporo, Japan and the surrounding area. The Ah receptor, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 genotypes were assessed in 113 Japanese women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and 203 ethnically matched women experiencing at least one live birth and no spontaneous abortion (control). No significant differences in Ah receptor, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 genotype frequencies were found between the women with RPL and the controls [Ah receptor: Arg/Arg (reference); Arg/Lys and Lys/Lys, odds ratio (OR)=0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.40-1.11, CYP1A1: m1m1 (reference); m1m2 and m2m2, OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.53-1.40, CYP1A2: C/C and C/A (reference); A/A, OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.71-1.88, CYP1B1: Leu/Leu (reference); Leu/Val and Val/Val, OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.68-2.02]. The present study suggests that the Ah receptor, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms are not major genetic regulators in RPL.