干扰素α与阿德福韦酯不同联合方法治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的疗效

目的 观察IFNα联合阿德福韦酯(ADV)治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)的临床疗效,探讨理想的联合治疗方案.方法 2005年1月至2009年6月纳入河北医科大学第三医院HBeAg阳性CHB患者156例.56例患者HBV DNA≥1×107拷贝/mL、或纤维化分期≥S3、或既往单药治疗失败(复发)者,予以初始IFNα联合ADV治疗;52例未达上述指标患者接受初始IFNα单药治疗.24周时依据患者HBV DNA、HBeAg、HBsAg变化调整治疗方案:16例取得早期应答的初始IFNα联合ADV治疗组患者调整为IFNα单药维持治疗,其余患者与初始IFNα单药治疗组未达到早期应答者共同接受IFNα联合ADV治疗.另选48例作为标准治疗组,接受全程IFNα单药治疗.48周时复评全部患者HBV DNA、HBeAg、HBsAg定量,并决定是否延长疗程.最终于72周评估患者疗效、安全性、耐药复发等,数据行卡方检验.结果 治疗24周,初始IFNα联合ADV治疗组早期应答率达28.6%,其中HBV DNA阴转率、ALT复常率(53.6%,62.5%)与初始IFNα单药治疗组(32.7%,x2=4.78;40.4%,x2=5.21)、标准治疗组(27.1%,x2=5.28;37.5%,x2=6.46)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),且HBeAg阴转率较标准治疗组更高(39.3%比18.8%,x2=7.48,P<0.05).48周时,初始IFNα联合ADV治疗组16例取得早期应答者停用ADV后,5例HBeAg复阳,3例病毒学反弹;HBV DNA阴转率为73.2%,HBeAg转换率为41.1%,HBsAg清除率为12.5%.其中96例接受不同联合方法治疗的患者HBV DNA阴转率、HBeAg转换率、HBsAg清除率分别为65.6%、33.3%和8.3%.72周时不同联合方法治疗组患者整体复发率与标准治疗组相当,HBsAg清除率上升2.7%.结论 IFNa联合ADV抗病毒治疗对提高应答率优势明显.结合患者基线特征、治疗反应,制订不同联合方案,不失为当前CHB抗病毒优化治疗理想策略之一.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy of interferon α(IFNα)and adefovir dipivoxil (ADV)combination therapy in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients and to explore the optimized strategy for individualized treatment.Methods A total of 156 HBeAg positive CHB patients were enrolled in the study from January 2005 to June 2009 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University.Fifty-six CHB patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA≥1 X 107copy/mLand/or liver fibrosis stage≥S3,or previous monotherapy failure(relapse)were treated with initial IFNα and ADV combination therapy.Fifty-two patients who didn't meet any of the above baseline characteristics received initial IFNα monotherapy.The remaining 48 patients treated with IFNα monotherapy for full treatment duration were considered as control.At week 24 of treatment,the treatment regimens were adjusted according to quantitative changes of HBV DNA,HBeAg and HBsAg:16 patients who achieved early response in group of initial IFNα and ADV combination therapy subsequently received IFNα monotherapy,the other patients in group of initial combination therapy together with patients who did not achieved early response in group of initial IFNα monotherapy subsequently received IFNα and ADV combination treatment.The HBV DNA levels,HBeAg and HBsAg titers were detected at the end of 48 weeks of treatment to determine the treatment duration.The treatment efficacy,safety,drug resistance and relapse rates were finally evaluated at week 72.All data were analyzed using chi square test.Results At week 24,the early response rate in group of initial combination therapy was 28.6%,and the HBV DNA negative rate and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)normalization rate were significantly higher than those in groups of initial IFNα monotherapy and control(53.6%vs 32.7%vs 27.1%and 62.5%vs 40.4%vs 37.5%,respectively,P<0.05);in addition,HBeAg loss rate was higher than control group(39.3%vs 18.8%,x2=7.48;P<0.05).At week 48,five of 16 patients who achieved early response developed HBeAg reversion and three cases accompanied with virological breakthrough in group of initial combination therapy after switching to IFNα monotherapy,while the rates of HBV DNA negative,HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg clearance were 73.2%,41.1%and 12.5%,respectively.The HBV DNA negative rate,HBeAg seroconversion rate and HBsAg clearance rate in 96 patients Who had received different combination treatment regimens were 65.6%,33.3%and 8.3%,respectively.At week 72,the relapse rate in individualized treatment group was comparable to those in control group,while HBsAg clearance rate increased 2.7%in individualized treatment group.Conclusions IFNα and ADV combination treatment could improve early biochemical and virological responses.Individualized treatment strategy based on baseline characteristics and treatment responses may be helpful for optimizing antiviral treatment in CHB patients.     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合短程拉米夫定治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的疗效

Objective To investigate the efficacy of by combining a 12-week course of lamivudine in those HBeAg-positive hepatitis B patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a (peg-IFN α-2a) therapy. Methods A total of 58 patients initiated a 52-week course of peginterferon alfa-2a were enrolled and divided into 3 groups. The patients with HBV DNA undetectable or HBeAg negative at week 12 were divided into group A, in this group treatment continued to week 52 with peg-IFN α -2a alone; The rest paitents were divided into group Bl and B2, in group Bl, lamivudine was combined at a course of 12 weeks, while in group B2 treatment continued to week 52 with peg-IFN α -2a alone. Clinical responses were assessed at week 52. Results 8 out of 58 patients achieved undetectable HBV DNA or HBeAg loss at week 12 and divide into group A. In this group the HBV DNA loss rate, HBeAg seroconversion rate, HBsAg loss rate and ALT normalization rate were 100% (8/8), 75% (6/8), 0% (0/8) and 100% (8/8) respectively at the end of treatment. In this group the HBV DNA loss rate, HBeAg seroconversion rate, HBsAg loss rate and ALT normalization rate were 100% (8/8), 75% (6/8), 0% (0/8) and 100%(8/8) respectively at the end of treatment. The rest 50 patients without early response to peg-IFN α -2a at week 12 were divided into group Bl (24 patients enrolled) and B2 (26 patients). At the end of treatment, the HBV DNA loss rate, HBeAg seroconversion rate, HBsAg loss rate and ALT normalization rate in Group B1 were 50% (12/24), 38% (9/24), 4% (1/24) and 63% (15/24) respectively, and 31% (8/26), 27% (7/26), 0% (0/26) and 35% (9/26) respectively in group B2. Conclusions Those patients with early responses to peg-IFN α -2a therapy can achieve high clinical responses at the end of 52-week treatment. The combining therpay of lamivudine for a course of 12-weeks can improve the clinical responses for the patients without early responses to peg-IFN α-2a.     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合短程拉米夫定治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的疗效

Objective To investigate the efficacy of by combining a 12-week course of lamivudine in those HBeAg-positive hepatitis B patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a (peg-IFN α-2a) therapy. Methods A total of 58 patients initiated a 52-week course of peginterferon alfa-2a were enrolled and divided into 3 groups. The patients with HBV DNA undetectable or HBeAg negative at week 12 were divided into group A, in this group treatment continued to week 52 with peg-IFN α -2a alone; The rest paitents were divided into group Bl and B2, in group Bl, lamivudine was combined at a course of 12 weeks, while in group B2 treatment continued to week 52 with peg-IFN α -2a alone. Clinical responses were assessed at week 52. Results 8 out of 58 patients achieved undetectable HBV DNA or HBeAg loss at week 12 and divide into group A. In this group the HBV DNA loss rate, HBeAg seroconversion rate, HBsAg loss rate and ALT normalization rate were 100% (8/8), 75% (6/8), 0% (0/8) and 100% (8/8) respectively at the end of treatment. In this group the HBV DNA loss rate, HBeAg seroconversion rate, HBsAg loss rate and ALT normalization rate were 100% (8/8), 75% (6/8), 0% (0/8) and 100%(8/8) respectively at the end of treatment. The rest 50 patients without early response to peg-IFN α -2a at week 12 were divided into group Bl (24 patients enrolled) and B2 (26 patients). At the end of treatment, the HBV DNA loss rate, HBeAg seroconversion rate, HBsAg loss rate and ALT normalization rate in Group B1 were 50% (12/24), 38% (9/24), 4% (1/24) and 63% (15/24) respectively, and 31% (8/26), 27% (7/26), 0% (0/26) and 35% (9/26) respectively in group B2. Conclusions Those patients with early responses to peg-IFN α -2a therapy can achieve high clinical responses at the end of 52-week treatment. The combining therpay of lamivudine for a course of 12-weeks can improve the clinical responses for the patients without early responses to peg-IFN α-2a.     

Response-guided treatment of cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B patients: Multicenter prospective study

AIM: To observe the effect of response-guided add-on therapy with adefovir(ADV) and lamivudine(LAM) in cirrhotic hepatitis B(CHB) patients.METHODS: A total of 100 patients with CHB and cirrhosis were divided into three arms according to hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA level after 24 wk LAM monotherapy: Arm A(complete response, HBV DNA ≤ 60 IU/m L, n = 49), Arm B(partial response, HBV DNA: 60-2000 IU/m L, n = 31) and Arm C(inadequate response, HBV DNA 2000 IU/m L, n = 20). ADV was added to LAM at week 48 in Arms A and B, but at week 24 in Arm C. Virological response, YMDD mutations, biochemical response, and liver function were evaluated.RESULTS: Comparison of the three arms demonstrated that early complete virologic response at week 24was associated with maintained viral suppression(undetectable rate of HBV DNA at week 144 was 95.96%, 66.67% and 35.29%, respectively, P = 0.000) and reduced YMDD mutations(mutation rate at week 144 was 0%, 3.23% and 15%, respectively, P = 0.015) after 144 wk treatment. For patients who failed to achieve complete virological response at week 24, switching to combination therapy further decreased HBV DNA level by 1 log10 IU/m L. All three arms obtained biochemical benefits including decline of alanine aminotransferase and elevation of albumin. In patients who developed HBV DNA breakthrough for YMDD mutations, ADV add-on therapy did not induce further multiple drug resistance to LAM or ADV.CONCLUSION: Optimized response-guided add-on therapy of ADV and LAM maintains long-term suppression of HBV DNA and improves liver function in CHB patients with compensated liver cirrhosis.     

Efficacy of switching to telbivudine plus adefovir in suboptimal responders to lamivudine plus adefovir

AIM:To examine the efficacy of telbivudine(LdT)+adefovir(ADV)vs continuation of lamivudine(LAM)+ADV in patients with LAM-resistant chronic hepatitis B(CHB)who show a suboptimal response to LAM+ADV.METHODS:This was a randomized,active-control,open-label,single-center,parallel trial.All eligible patients were enrolled in this study in Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine,Seoul,South Korea,between March 2010 and March 2011.Hepatitis Be antigen(HBeAg)-positive CHB patients whose serum hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA remained detectable despite at least 6 mo of LAM+ADV therapy were included.Enrolled patients were randomized to either switching to LdT(600 mg/d orally)plus ADV(10 mg/d orally)(LdT+ADV group)or to continuation with LAM(100 mg/d orally)plus ADV(10 mg/d orally)(LAM+ADV group),and were followed for 48 wk.One hundred and six patients completed the 48-wk treatment period.Serum HBV DNA,HBeAg status,liver biochemistry and safety were monitored at baseline and week 12,24,36 and 48.RESULTS:The duration of prior LAM+ADV treatment was 18.3(LdT+ADV)and 14.9 mo(LAM+ADV),respectively(P=0.131).No difference was seen in baseline serum HBV DNA between the two groups[3.66(LdT+ADV)vs 3.76(LAM+ADV)log10IU/mL,P=0.729].At week 48,although there was no significant difference in the mean reduction of serum HBV DNA from baseline between LdT+ADV group and LAM+ADV group(-0.81 vs-0.47 log10IU/mL,P=0.167),more patients in the LdT+ADV group had undetectable HBV DNA levels compared to those in the LAM+ADV group(30.2%vs 11.5%,P=0.019).Three patients with LdT+ADV treatment and 2 patients with LAM+ADV treatment achieved HBeAg loss.The patients in both groups tolerated the treatment well without serious adverse events.The proportion of patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate≥90 mL/min per 1.73 m2in the LdT+ADV group increased from 49.1%(26/53)at baseline to 58.5%(31/53)at week 48,while that in the LAM+ADV group decreased from 37.7%(20/53)at baseline to 30.2%(16/53)at week 48.CONCLUSION:The switch to LdT+ADV in s     

拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎的耐药分析及处理

目的 探讨拉米夫定长期治疗慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者的耐药因素及其耐药后处理措施,为合理应用拉米夫定提供依据.方法 2001年9月-2010年1月应用拉米夫定初治的CHB患者383例,治疗观察满1年.其中发生病毒学突破或反弹患者129例,分为换用阿德福韦酯治疗组和加用阿德福韦酯治疗组.疗效评估包括血清HBV病毒学、血清HBV免疫学、血生物化学应答,观察时间至少1年.定性资料采用X2检验,反弹时间分布关系用生存分析曲线描述.结果383例CHB患者3个月、半年、1、2、3年以及3年后HBV DNA阴转率分别为40.7%、55.6%、59.5%、56.7%、55.9%和55.6%.HBeAg血清学转换62例,占22.6%.原发耐药12例,突破反弹129例,累计耐药率为36.8%,累计反弹率为34.8%.基线高病毒载量、基线ALT水平<2倍正常值上限、治疗24周时的病毒学低应答,与较高的反弹率相关,X2值分别为35.716、8.728和43.534,P值均<0.01.病毒学突破反弹发生在1年半内112例(86.8%),2年内123例(95.3%),5年以后未再发现病毒学突破反弹患者.129例病毒学突破反弹的患者予以换用阿德福韦酯或加用阿德福韦酯继续治疗,换药和加药后的再次阴转率分别为22.7%(15/66)和58.7%(37/63),病毒学应答率分别为59.1%(39/66)和87.3%(55/63),x2值分别为17.364和12.975,P值均<0.01,差异有统计学意义.结论拉米夫定初始治疗的CHB患者,耐药反弹主要发生在2年以内,对于拉米夫定耐药的CHB患者,拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯比单用阿德福韦酯治疗可取得更好的疗效.

Abstract：

Objective To study the factors influencing the long-term usage of lamivudine(LAM)in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients and the management after drug-resistance.Methods 383 cases of naive CHB patients in our outpatient clinic were treated with lamivudine (100mg/d)and followed up for at least over 1 year from 2001 to 2010.129 cases encountered lamivudine-resistance and were then divided into two groups:patients in group A were switched to adefovir dipivoxil(ADV)alternative treatment and those patients in group B were added with ADV for continuous treatment.Efficacy assessment factors included serum HBV markers,HBV DNA,ALT,AFP and other biochemical indicators.Results Among the 383 cases,patients with HBV DNA negative conversion(PCR below test line)at 3 months,6 months,1 year,2 years,3years and>3 years after initial treatment were respectively 156 cases(40.7%),213 cases(55.6%),228 cases (59.5%),217cases(56.7%),214 cases(55.9%)and 213 cases(55.6%).HBeAg/HBeAb seroconversion occurred in 62 cases(22.6%).12 cases were found with primary LAM resistance,129 cases with HBV breakthrough and rebound.the cumulative resistance rate was 36.8%and the cumulative rebomad rate was 34.8%.High baseline viral load,baseline ALT levels < 2 ULN,Lower virologic response rate at week 24 were associated with a higher rebound rate ( x2 is 35.716,8.728,43.534,respectively,all with P < 0.01).Viral breakthrough and rebound occurred in 112 patients (86.8%) within 1 year and a haf,123 patients (95.3%)occurred at the end of 2 years and no patient with viral breakthrough and rebound after 5 years. For the patients with viral rebound in group A and group B,the rates of HBV DNA loss were 22.7% (15/66)and 58.7% (37/63) respectively,and the viral response rates were 59.1% (39/66) and 87.3% (52/63)respectively,with x2 values equaled 17.364 and 12.975 respectively (P < 0.01). Conclusion For the chronic hepatitis B patients on initial treatment with lamivudine,the viral rebound occurred mainly within 2 years. LAM combined with ADV is more effective than ADV alone for lamivudine-resistant patients.     

核苷(酸)类似物抗乙型肝炎病毒达到治疗终点标准停药后复发的相关因素分析

目的 探讨影响核苷(酸)类似物(NA)治疗慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者达到治疗终点标准(达标)停药后复发的相关因素.方法 CHB患者81例,接受NA抗病毒治疗.拉米夫定(LAM)治疗38例,阿德福韦酯(ADV)25例,恩替卡韦(ETV)12例,LAM+ADV 6例.HBeAg阳性40例,NA初治患者67例,耐药复治14例.达标停药或延长疗程后停药,分别于基线、病毒学应答前每个月、病毒学应答后每3个月、停药后半年内每个月、半年后每2个月检测HBV DNA、HBV血清学标志物和ALT.将性别、年龄、乙型肝炎家族史、基线HBV DNA、基线HBeAg、基线ALT、病毒学应答时间、总疗程(月)、延长疗程(月)、初治或耐药复治、停药时HBsAg水平、药物种类共12个可能影响复发的因素进行单因素、多因素Cox比例风险模型和分层分析,累计复发率采用Kaplan-Meier法计算.结果 81例患者达标停药后,36例患者在1年内复发,占44.4%.初治或耐药复治、乙型肝炎家族史、病毒学应答时间、停药时HBsAg水平分别是影响停药后复发的独立危险因素.耐药复治者复发率高于初治患者(78.6%比37.3%,χ2=7.983,P=0.005),有乙型肝炎家族史的患者复发率高于无乙型肝炎家族史者(64.5%比15.0%,χ2=12.096,P=0.002),病毒学应答发生在3个月内的患者复发率低于发生在3个月后的患者(34.0%比64.3%,χ2=6.823,P=0.009),停药时HBsAg≤150μg/L的患者复发率低于>150μg/L者(27.6%比53.8%,χ2=5.199,P=0.023).结论 耐药复治、有乙型肝炎家族史、病毒学应答时间晚、停药时高水平HBsAg是导致NA治疗停药后复发的主要因素.对此类患者治疗达标后应适当延长疗程,巩固疗效.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the influence factors on hepatitis B virus (HBV) relapse after nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) withdrawal in the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who met NA cessation criteria. Methods Eighty-one consecutive CHB patients were treated with NA, 38 with lamivudine (LAM), 25 with adefovir dipivoxil (ADV), 12 with entecavir (ETV), 6 with LAM +ADV. Among recruited patients, 40 were hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) positive, 41 were HBeAg negative, 67 of them were initial treatment, 14 were retreatment due to resistance to NA at baseline. The treatment was discontinued after meeting China therapeutic end-point criteria. HBV DNA, HBV serological markers, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured respectively at baseline, every month before virological response, every 3 months after virological response, every month within first 6 months and every 2 months over 6 months after drugs withdrawal. Twelve probable influence factors on relapse which were sex, age, HBV family history, baseline HBV DNA,baseline HBeAg status, baseline ALT, virological response time, total duration of treatment, duration of additional treatment, the level of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) at cessation therapy,initial treatment or retreatment, drug category were analyzed with univariate, multivariate Cox regression modle and stratified analysis. The cumulative relapse was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 36 patients (44. 4%) relapsed within 1 year. Initial treatment or retreatment, HBV family history, virological response time, the level of HBsAg at cessation therapy were independent risk factors. The relapse rate of retreatment was higher than that of initial treatment (78.6% vs 37. 3% , χ2 = 7. 983, P = 0. 005) , those of patients with HBV family history higher than without family history (64. 5% vs 15.0%, χ2 =12. 096,P = 0.002), those of patients obtained virological response within 3 months lower than after 3 months(34. 0% vs 64. 3% , χ2 =6. 823,P=0. 009) , those of patients with HBsAg≤150 μg/L at cessation therapy lower than >150 μg/L(27. 6% vs 53. 8%, χ2=5. 199,P=0. 023). Conclusions Retreatment, HBV family history, later virological response and higher HBsAg level at cessation therapy are risk factors of relapse after NA withdrawal. Such patients should be treated with prolonged duration after meeting end-point criteria to strengthen the efficacy.     

慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒疗效与外周血单个核细胞内乙型肝炎病毒DNA水平的关系

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)抗病毒疗效与达到停药标准时外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)内HBV DNA水平的关系.方法 入选90例经抗病毒治疗达到停药标准的CHB患者,其中应用IFN 44例,应用核苷类药物46例.所有患者均于停药时检测PBMC内HBV DNA,比较阴性组和阳性组治疗前血清HBV DNA水平与达到停药标准时PBMC内HBV DNA的关系,观察停药时PBMC内HBV DNA水平与复发的关系.计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用X2检验.结果 90例CHB患者停药时,PBMC内HBV DNA阴性组67例,阳性组23例.CHB患者血清HBV DNA阳转率在PBMC内HBV DNA阴性组为13.4%(9/67例),显著低于阳性组的73.9%(17/23例),差异有统计学意义(X2=30.4873,P<0.01).PBMC内HBV DNA阴性组与阳性组在肝病复发ALT升高幅度(t=0.8729,P=0.3913)、停药后复发时间(t=1.9222,P=0.0665)均差异无统计学意义,而在血清HBV DNA反弹幅度则差异有统计学意义(t=2.7493,P=0.0112).5例患者获得HBsAg血清学转换,且均未检测到PBMC内HBV DNA,随访6～12个月无一例复发.PBMC内HBV DNA阳性组治疗前血清HBV DNA水平为(7.2±1.1)lg拷贝/mL,显著高于阴性组的(5.2±2.1)lg拷贝/mL(t=4.3557,P<0.01).结论 经抗病毒治疗达到停药标准的CHB患者,其停药时的PBMC内HBV DNA水平可能是预测抗病毒疗效持久性的重要因素之一.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the relationship between the antiviral effect and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA when the patients reach the standard of withdrawal of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Ninety CHB patients treated with interferon(n=44) or nucleot (s) ide(n=46) who reached the standard of withdrawal of antiviral therapy were recruited.HBV DNA levels in PBMCs were tested at the end of treatment,and its relationship with serum HBV DNA level before treatment in PBMC HBV DNA positive group and negative group were compared.The correlation between HBV DNA in PBMCs at the end of treatment and relapse were explored.Measurement data were analyzed by student t test and enumeration data were analyzed by X2 test.Results Among 90 patients,67(74.4%) were PBMC HBV DNA negative at the end of treatment,and 23(25.6%) were positive.The serum HBV DNA positive conversion rate in PBMC HBV DNA negative patients was 13.4%,which were significantly lower than that in positive group (73.9%) (X2=30. 4873, P<0.01 ). There were no significant differences of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels when hepatitis flare (t=0. 8729, P=0. 3913) and relapse time (t=1. 9222, P=0. 0665) between PBMC HBV DNA negative group and positive group after withdrawal of therapy, while the serum HBV DNA rebound was greater in positive group than that in negative group (t=2. 7493, P=0. 0112). There were five patients who achieved hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion, whose PBMC HBV DNA were all undetectable, and none relapsed during follow-up for 6-12 months. The pretreatment HBV DNA as level in PBMC HBV DNA positive was (7.2±1.1) lg copy/mL, which was much higher than that in negative group[(5.2±2.1) lg copy/mL] (t=4. 3557, P<0.01). Conclusions In patients who reach the standard of drug withdrawal,PBMC HBV DNA at the end of treatment is an important predictor for durability of antiviral therapy in CHB.     

干扰素α治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎儿童疗效的荟萃分析

目的 评价IFN-α治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)儿童的疗效及安全性.方法 检索美国国立医学图书馆数据库(PubMed)和中国期刊全文数据库(CHKD)从建库至2006年4月所收录的比较IFN-α与非抗病毒药物(安慰剂或空白对照)治疗HBeAg阳性CHB儿童的随机对照试验论文.由两名评价员独立筛查文献,评价质量和提取资料.采用Jadad量表及随机分配方案隐藏方法评估纳入试验的方法学质量.采用X2检验鉴定研究间异质性,使用随机效应或固定效应模型合并研究.采用敏感度分析方法探讨试验结果的影响因素.结果 共纳入7个随机对照试验,HBsAg和HBeAg阳性的CHB患儿360例.荟萃(Meta)分析结果显示,治疗结束时,IFN-α组HBeAg转阴率高于对照组[22.1%比6.7%,OR 3.56,95%CI(1.74,7.28),P=0.0005],HBV DNA转阴率高于对照组[33.7%比12.6%,OR 3.50,95%CI(2.03,6.06),P＜0.01],HBsAg转阴率高于对照组[6.5%比0.5%,OR 7.10,95%CI(1.52,33.12),P=0.01],HBeAg血清转换率高于对照组[17.3%比2.9%,OR 5.62,95%CI(1.65,19.18),P=0.006],两组差异均有统计学意义,但HBsAg血清转换与对照组相比[2.0%比0,OR 3.55,95%CI(0.35,35.93),P=0.28],ALT复常率与对照组相比[24.2%比16.2%,OR 1.72,95%CI(0.84,3.52),P=0.14],两组差异无统计学意义.结论 HBeAg阳性的CHB患儿经IFN-α治疗可达到HBeAg转阴、HBV DNA转阴、HBsAg转阴及HBeAg血清学转换的效应,但未能实现HBsAg血清学转换及ALT复常.受原研究质量和不同研究干预措施差异的影响,IFN-α的治疗效应还需要严格设计的、大样本的随机双盲对照试验来进一步验证和支持.     

替比夫定和恩替卡韦治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的疗效及HBeAg血清学转换的预测因素

目的 观察替比夫定(LDT)与恩替卡韦(ETV)治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的52周临床疗效.方法采用1∶1随机单盲、对照设计.共人组HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者180例,其中LDT组90例,LDT 600mg口服,每天1次; ETV组90例,ETV 0.5 mg口服,每天1次.治疗52周进行疗效评估,并对HBeAg血清学转换相关的因素进行分析.根据资料不同采用t检验、x2检验或Logistic回归分析进行统计学分析.结果 治疗52周时,HBV DNA检测不到率,ETV组为88.9%,LDT组为78.9%,差异无统计学意义.HBeAg阴转率、HBeAg血清转换率和HBeAg较基线下降水平,LDT组分别为28.9%、27.8%和(774.7±542.4)PEIU/ml,ETV组分别为15.6%、14.4%和(603.4±480.5)PEIU/ml,两组比较,x2值分别为4.63和4.80,t值为2.02,P值均＜0.05,差异有统计学意义.治疗52周时,病毒学突破率LDT组为4.4%,ETV组为0%,x2=4.09,P＜0.05.LDT组和ETV组在治疗52周时是否出现HBeAg血清学转换与基线ALT和HBV DNA水平无相关性.多因素逐步Logistic回归分析显示,LDT组有3个因素与治疗52周HBeAg血清学转换相关,依次为:24周时HBeAg下降＞2 log,12周时HBeAg下降＞1log,基线HBeAg水平;ETV组有3个因素与52周HBeAg血清学转换相关,依次为24周时HBeAg下降＞2 log,36周时HBeAg下降＞2 log,12周时HBeAg下降＞2 log.结论 治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎52周,LDT较ETV有更高的HBeAg转换率,ETV组有更低的耐药率.24周时HBeAg下降＞2 log可同时作为两组患者52周HBeAg血清转换的最佳预测因素.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Telbivudine and Entecavir for therapy of HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B for 52 weeks. Methods In this random and control study, the efficacy of Telbivudine and Entecavir treatments were compared in 180 patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B.The patients were randomly assigned to a daily 600 mg Telbivudine treatment group or daily 0.5 mg Entecavir group for 52 weeks. Results At week 52, HBV DNA undetectable rate was better in the Entecavir-treated group than in the Telbivudine-treated group, but didnt reach statistical signficance. The viral breakthrough rates were significantly lower in the Entecavir-treated group than in the Telbivudine-treated group ( x2 = 4.09, P ＜ 0.05). The clearance and seroconversion of HBeAg and the mean reductions of HBeAg from baseline at week 52 were significantly greater in the telbivudine-treated group than in the entecavirtreated group ( x 2 clearance = 4.63, x2 seroconversion = 4.80, tmean reductions= 2.02; P ＜ 0.05). The HBeAg seroconversion rates were not associated with both baseline ALT and baseline HBV DNA in both groups (P ＞ 0.05). In Telbivudine-treated group, the HBeAg decline＞2 log at week 24, HBeAg decline＞1 log at week 12 and the HBeAg baseline were independent factors correlated to HBeAg seroconversion rates at week 52 by Binary Logistic analysis, and also in entecavir-treated group the HBeAg decline＞2 log at week 24, HBeAg decline ＞2 log at week 36 and the HBeAg decline＞2 log at week 12 were independent factors correlated to HBeAg seroconversion rates at week 52. Conclusion Significant difference of HBeAg seroconversion rates at week 52 existed between Telbivudine-treated group and Entecavir-treated group. Entecavir is significantly superior to Telbivudine with less resistance to nucleosides. HBeAg decline＞2 log at week 24 is the best predicting factor for HBeAg seroconversion at week 52.     

B和C基因型乙型肝炎病毒对阿德福韦酯治疗的病毒学应答比较

目的 阐明不同基因型HBV对阿德福韦酯治疗反应是否存在差异.方法 首先利用型特异引物PCR法结合型特异核苷酸分析法检测HBV基因型,然后根据基因型对阿德福韦酯Ⅲ期临床资料进行分析及统计学处理(计量资料用t检验,计数资料用卡方检验).结果 177例临床标本检出B基因型HBV感染者102例,C基因型感染者65例,B+C混合型感染者6例,B+D混合型感染者4例.治疗第12、24周时,B基因型组和C基因型组血清HBV DNA下降均值分别为2.2log10>拷贝/ml、2.1log10拷贝/ml和2.7log10拷贝/ml、2.4log10拷贝/ml,两组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),第48周时两组HBV DNA分别下降3.6log10拷贝/ml和3.1log10拷贝/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗结束时(48周)B基因型组和c基因型组分别有43例(42.2%)和22例(33.8%)出现血清HBV DNA转阴,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者HBeAg阴转率抗-Hbe血清转换率分别为30.4%、29.2%和21.6%、20.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组患者血清ALT复常率在治疗第12、24、36周和48周时分别为35.3%、33.9%,51.0%、53.9%,63.4%、61.5%和83.3%、81.5%,各时间段两组ALT复常率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 阿德福韦酯治疗慢性乙型肝炎48周时,部分病毒学指标(如血清HBV DNA下降均值和HBV DNA阴转率)B基因型优于C基因型HBV感染者.但由于阿德福韦酯起效较慢,抑制病毒作用相对较弱,有必要延长治疗时间进一步证实这一现象.     

阿德福韦酯治疗e抗原阳性慢性乙型肝炎的疗效预测指标探讨

目的 评价HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者治疗前ALT、HBeAg、HBV DNA水平以及治疗12周时HBV抑制程度对阿德福韦酯(ADV)治疗52周患者疗效的预测价值.方法 98例HBeAg阳性成年慢性乙型肝炎患者进入研究.筛选时血浆HBV DNA定量≥1×106拷贝/ml,血清ALT水平1.5～10倍正常值上限(ULN).患者接受ADV 10mg/d,共52周治疗.定期随访,检测血清HBV标志物及HBV DNA.比较不同基线ALT、HBeAg、HBV DNA水平以及治疗12周时不同血清HBV DNA水平患者治疗52周时的疗效差异. 结果 ADV治疗52周时,血清HBV DNA＜103拷贝/ml的患者,基线ALT＞5 × ULN者(72.7%)高于ALT＜2×ULN者(38.0%),P＜0.05;基线HBeAg≤350 s/co者(66.7%)高于HBeAg＞350 s/co者(30.2%),P＜0.01;基线HBV DNA≤108拷贝/ml者(53.0%)高于血清HBV DNA＞108拷贝/ml者(34.4%),P＜0.05.52周HBeAg血清学转换率在基线HBeAg水平≤350 s/co者和HBeAg＞350 s/co者分别为42.2%和7.5%(P＜0.01).治疗12周时血清HBV DNA＜103拷贝/ml、103～105拷贝/ml和＞105拷贝/ml组患者,52周时血清HBV DNA＜103拷贝/ml的比例分别为82.6%、57.1%和17.5%,组间差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05);3组患者HBeAg血清学转换率分别为52.2%、25.7%和5.0%,组间差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05);3组患者52周ALT复常率分别为100%、83%和75%,血清HBV DNA＜103拷贝/ml组高于＞105拷贝/ml组(P＜0.05).相关分析显示,治疗52周时的血清HBV DNA水平及HBeAg血清转换与治疗12周时血清HBV DNA水平中度相关(P＜0.01).结论 HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者ADV治疗12周时血清HBV DNA水平对治疗52周的疗效的预测价值优于基线指标,治疗12周时血清HBV DNA＜103拷贝/ml者,52周时能达到更佳的疗效.     

替比夫定与阿德福韦酯治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的疗效观察

目的比较替比夫定与阿德福韦酯治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的疗效和安全性。方法 175例HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者被随机分为替比夫定组（85例）和阿德福韦酯组（90例）,比较两组在治疗后48周时的疗效。结果治疗后12周、24周、36周和48周时,替比夫定治疗患者HBV DNA水平低于阿德福韦酯组（P〈0.01）,HBV DNA转阴率和ALT复常率均高于阿德福韦酯组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;治疗后12周、24周和36周HBeAg转阴或血清学转换率和完全应答率也高于阿德福韦酯组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;治疗48周,替比夫定组有2例,阿德福韦酯组有1例出现病毒学反弹;两组均有良好的安全性。结论替比夫定较阿德福韦酯有更强的抑制HBV作用,其治疗可提高HBeAg转阴或血清学转换率和完全应答率。     

阿德福韦治疗乙型肝炎e抗原阳性慢性乙型肝炎3年的临床研究

目的评价阿德福韦酯（ADV）10 mg／d治疗HBeAg阳性的慢性乙型肝炎患者52、104、156周末的临床疗效和安全性。方法第一阶段：为随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究,患者按3：1的比例随机接受ADV 10 mg（36例）或安慰剂（12例）治疗,每日1次,持续12周。第二阶段：患者均接受开放的ADV 10mg治疗,每日1次,持续28周。第三阶段：完成40周的治疗后,最初接受ADV治疗的患者重新按2：1的比例随机分入ADV组（24例）或安慰剂组（12例）接受相应的治疗,持续12周。即分为A、B、C 3组,A组：12例,前12周为安慰剂治疗,后40周为ADV治疗;B组：24例,52周均为ADV治疗;C组：12例,前40周为ADV治疗,后12周为安慰剂治疗。第四阶段：所有仍在研究中的患者继续接受开放的ADV 10 mg治疗共208周（4年）。结果（1）治疗12周后,HBV DNA水平降低,安慰剂组为-0．2 log10拷贝／ml,ADV组为-3．7 log10拷贝／ml,差异有统计学意义（t=8．0,P〈0．01）。（2）治疗12周后,ALT复常率,安慰剂组为0（0／11）,ADV组为10／36（27．8％）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=3．9,P〈0．05）。（3）治疗40周后,3个治疗组ALT复常率相似。在B组,ALT复常率呈累积性增加。而在C组,ALT复常率显著降低。（4）治疗40周后,3个治疗组HBV DNA水平对数值降低中位数相似。40周后继续12周ADV治疗可以保持HBV DNA水平持续降低至52周。而在C组,HBV DNA水平降低被显著逆转。（5）治疗40周后,3个治疗组HBV DNA转阴率相似。在C组,52周时HBV DNA转阴率显著降低。（6）对于B组,HBeAg消失患者在52周时为12．5％（3／24）。两因素（血清HBeAg转阴,血清抗-HBe转阳）和三因素（血清HBeAg转阴,血清抗-HBe转阳且HBV DNA水平下降到≤10^5拷贝／ml）血清转换比率均为8．3％（2／24）。（7）治疗104周末及156周末,HBV DNA被持续抑制,104周HBV DNA水平对数值降低中位数为-4．2 log10拷贝／ml,156周为-4．3 log10拷贝／ml。HBV DNA阴转率均为31．0％,ALT复常率分别为46．3％、85．4％,HBeAg阴转率分别为23．8％、31．0％,HBeAg血清转换率均为23．8％。（8）研究期间各治疗组肌酐及血磷值平均水平与基线相比无变化,无数据表明肾脏安全性问题。结论ADV 10 mg／d治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎,可明显抑制HBV DNA的复制,使ALT复常,促进HBeAg的血清学转换,使用安全且耐受性良好。     

国产阿德福韦酯片治疗拉米夫定失效HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者的临床研究

目的评价国产阿德福韦酯片（ADV）10mg／d治疗拉米夫定（LAM）失效的HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效和安全性。方法随机、有限的（12周）双盲、安慰剂对照、多中心临床研究。筛选合格的慢性乙型肝炎患者按照2：1的随机比例,分为ADV＋LAM→ADV组：ADV10mg／d联合LAM100mg／d,治疗12周后改为单用ADV10mg／d治疗36周,共41例;安慰剂＋LAM→ADV组：安慰剂10mg／d联合LAM100mg／d,治疗12周后,改为单用ADV10mg／d,治疗36周,共18例。结果12周双盲治疗结束时,ADV＋LAM→ADV组患者血清中HBV DNA水平与基线相比的平均下降量（2．69lg拷贝／ml）、HBV DNA〈5lg拷贝／ml的患者比例（92．7％）、与基线相比下降≥2lg拷贝／ml的患者比例（78．1％）明显高于安慰剂＋LAM→ADV组（1．06lg拷贝／ml、33．3％、27．8％）,P=0．00。两组患者继续治疗,病毒学、血清学和生化学应答均有进一步改善。两组的不良事件发生率及其种类差异无统计学意义。治疗48周内未发现rtN236T和rtA181V突变。结论ADV10mg／d具有明显抗LAM失效的HBV株复制作用,且随着治疗时间延长作用增强,其安全性与安慰剂相似。     

Effect and Predictive Elements for 52 Weeks' Telbivudine Treatment on Naïve HBeAg positive Chronic Hepatitis B

Background

Antiviral treatment with nucleoside analogs has been used for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Each kind of nucleoside analog has its own characteristics and suitability for patients. Telbivudine (LdT, brand name: Sebivo, Beijing Novartis Pharma Ltd) is the newest nucleoside analog, with strong and rapid viral suppression. However, its resistance rate is relatively high during long-term application, due to low genetic barriers to resistance. So, it is necessary to increase the effect and reduce resistance with effective management, according to baseline factors and early on-treatment responses.

Objectives

To reveal possible predictive factors of the effect of telbivudine (LdT) treatment on naïve HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients to optimize treatment.

Patients and Methods

A total 71 naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. All patients were treated with LdT 600 mg Qd for at least 52 weeks. Multiple logistic regression analyses were done to investigate the predictive values of baseline factors and responses at Week 24.

Results

The reduction in hepatitis virus B (HBV) DNA level was 6.44 ± 2.38 lg copies/mL at Week 52 compared with baseline. The complete virus response (CVR), biochemical response (BR), serological response (SR), and drug resistance (DR) were 61.99%, 77.46%, 35.21%, and 8.45% respectively. By multiple regression analysis, baseline alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels significantly affected CVR (P = 0.024, OR = 1.008), and baseline ALT and baseline HBV DNA levels were independent compact factors of SR (P = 0.012, OR = 1.007; P = 0.001, OR = 0.423). The differences in CVR, SR, and DR in patients with ALT > 120 Iu/mL compared with patients with ALT ≤ 120 Iu/mL were statistically significant. The differences in SR in patients with HBV DNA > 107 copies/mL compared with patients with HBV DNA ≤ 107 copies/mL were statistically significant. Additionally, CVR, BR, and SR were differed significantly between patients with HBV DNA lower than 300 copies/mL at Week 24 and patients with HBV DNA higher than 300 copies/mL (P = 0.000, P = 0.0016, and P = 0.000, respectively).

Conclusions

There were more responders among naïve HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with lower HBV DNA levels (especially lower than 107 copies/mL) and higher ALT values (especially higher than 120 Iu/mL at baseline) to LdT treatment. Adjustments for treatment strategy should be considered if HBV DNA > 300 copies/mL at Week 24 is observed.     

阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗拉米夫定耐药的 HBeAg 阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者临床疗效观察

目的：探讨阿德福韦酯（ADV）联合拉米夫定（LAM）治疗 LAM 耐药的 HBeAg 阳性慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法将100例确诊为 LAM 耐药的 HBeAg 阳性 CHB 患者随机分为单药治疗组（ADV）和联合治疗组（ADV 联合 LAM）,每组50例,观察治疗12个月;在治疗的3、6、9和12 m 末,观察比较两组患者 ALT 复常率、血清 HBV DNA 载量、HBeAg 血清学转换和不良反应情况。结果在治疗3、6、9和12 m 末,两组患者 HBV DNA 载量均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.05）,而联合治疗患者在6、9和12 m 末 HBV DNA 载量较 ADV单药治疗患者下降更加明显[分别为（3.94±1.16）、（3.37±1.19）和（3.14±1.18） lg copies/ml 对（4.51±1.37）、（4.07±1.14）和（3.85±1.16）lg copies/ml,P＜0.05];在治疗6、9和12 m 末,联合治疗患者 HBV DNA 转阴率分别为56.0%、64.0%和76.0%,显著高于 ADV 单药治疗患者（分别为32.0%、44.0%和56.0%,P＜0.05）;在治疗6、9和12 m 末,联合治疗患者 ALT 复常率分别为72.0%、80.0%和92.0%,显著高于单药治疗患者（52.0%、60.0%和76.0%,P＜0.05）;两组患者血清 HBeAg 阴转率及 HBeAg 血清学转换率无差异,治疗期间均未出现严重的不良反应。结论 ADV 联合LAM 治疗 LAM 耐药的 HBeAg 阳性 CHB 患者临床疗效和安全性好。     

阿德福韦酯治疗HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎疗效与HBV基因型的关系

目的探讨阿德福韦酯（ADv）治疗HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎（chronic hepatitis B,CHB）的疗效与HBv基因型的关系。方法选择71例HBVDNA〉1×10^4copies／ml、ALT〉2倍正常值上限、TBIL正常的HBeAg阴性cHB患者,其中B基因型40例,C基因型31例,所有患者均口服ADV 10mg,1／d,治疗52周,动态观察治疗过程中HBV DNA和ALT水平的变化。结果在治疗12、24、52周时,B基因型患者ALT变化、血清HBVDNA水平下降≥2log。完全抑制比例与C基因型患者相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论ADV能有效抑制HBeAg阴性CHB患者HBV复制,促进肝功能好转,其疗效与HBV基因型B或C型无关。