索利那新加坦索罗辛治疗膀胱过度活动症的疗效分析

目的 探讨索利那新加坦索罗辛治疗膀胱过度活动症(OAB)的疗效.方法 OAB患者53例,男15例,女38例.年龄29～72岁,平均43岁.随机分为2组,A组为单用索利那新组(27例),B组为索利那新加用坦索罗辛组(26例).服药方法:索利那新5 mg/d,坦索罗辛0.2 mg/d.连续14 d后随访,再进行OABSS评分.结果 A组患者治疗前后尿急评分分别为(3.3±1.0)与(1.9±0.6)分,OABSS评分分别为(10.8±4.9)与(5.2±1.8)分;B组患者治疗前后尿急评分分别为(3.6±1.0)与(0.9±0.1)分,OABSS评分分别为(10.7±1.9)与(3.9±1.8)分,2组治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),2组治疗后尿急评分和OABSS评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 索利那新加用坦索罗辛可以有效缓解OAB患者的尿急症状并降低OABSS评分,索利那新加用坦索罗辛疗效好于单用索利那新.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of solifenacin with or without tamsulosin in patients with overactive bladder (OAB).Methods Fifty-three patients with OAB were randomly divided into two groups (group A 27 patients, group B 26 patients).The patients received either solifenacin 5 mg/day in group A or combined with Tamsulosin 0.2 mg/day in group B for two weeks.During the treatent period all the patients recorded voiding and adverse events in a diary.The symptoms of urgency, frequency, incontinence were evaluated by OABSS scores at the begining and end of the therapy period.The results of the efficacy and safety were analyzed by using SPSS 13.0.Results The OABSS scores at the begining and end for the two groups were significantly different ( P ＜ 0.01 ).In both groups the efficacy was obvious.The OABSS scores at the end of the therapy between group A and B were significantly different (P ＜0.05 ).The efficacy of group B was better than that of group A.Conclusion The efficacy of solifenacin combined with tamsulosin was better than solifenacin alone in OAB.     

索利那新治疗经尿道前列腺电切术后膀胱过度活动症的疗效分析

目的 探讨索利那新治疗经尿道前列腺电切(TURP)术后膀胱过度活动症(OAB)的疗效及安全性.方法 观察64例TURP术后OAB患者拔除尿管当天的排尿情况.根据OAB症状评分(OABSS),按OAB轻、中、重度进行配对后随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各32例.实验组:于拔除尿管后次日起口服索利那新(5 mg,1次/d)2周;对照组:无相关辅助治疗.比较2组拔除尿管后第7、14天的24 h尿急次数、排尿次数、夜尿次数、急迫性尿失禁次数、平均每次尿量、Qmax及OABSS评分.观察实验组治疗期间的不良事件.患者拔除尿管后随访8周.结果 实验组拔管后第7、14天的24 h尿急次数(2.0±1.2,1.1±0.9)、排尿次数(9.7±0.9,7.8±0.9)、夜尿次数(2.2±0.5,1.1±0.6)、急迫性尿失禁次数(0.8±0.7,0.5±0.5)、OABSS评分(7.3±3.1,4.0±2.8)均显著低于对照组的(2.9±1.7,2.2±1.4)、(10.5±1.1,9.6±0.9)、(2.9±0.5,1.8±0.5)、(1.6±1.0,1.1±0.8)、(8.1±3.1,7.6±3.3),2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.01);实验组平均每次尿量[(183.0±38.3)、(203.2±51.1)ml]显著高于对照组[(172.6±35.3)、(178.4±38.2)ml],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).实验组在治疗期间不良反应总发生率为12.5%(4/32),但患者均可耐受,未发生严重不良事件.结论 索利那新治疗TURP术后OAB症状安全、有效,可于TURP术后早期应用.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of solifenacin in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome in patients who have undergone transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods According to the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), 64 cases with OAB symptoms after TURP were randomly assigned into study and control groups with 32 cases in each group. Patients in the study group were treated with solifenacin (5 mg once daily) for a two week period beginning the first day after catheter removal. Patients in the control group were not treated with solifenacin. The mean urgency episodes, micturition episodes, nocturia, urge incontinence, volume voided per micturition, Qmax and OABSS scores were recorded on the 7th and the 14th day after catheter removal. Treatment-emergent adverse events with solifenacin in the study group were recorded and evaluated as well. All cases were followed-up for 8 weeks after catheter removal. Results There were statistically significant differences (P<0.01) in favor of the study group over the control group in the aspect of urgency, micturition episodes, nocturia, urge incontinence, volume voided per micturition and OABSS scores. The incidences of treatment related adverse events were 12.5% (4/32) in the study group with no serious adverse event observed. Conclusions Solifenacin is effective in the treatment of OAB syndrome after TURP and is well tolerated as well. Application of solifenacin should be recommended earlier after TURP.     

老年男性下尿路症状伴逼尿肌过度活动患者临床及尿动力学特点分析

Objective To study the change of clinical and urodynamic parameters in the patients with lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) caused by detrusor overactivity (DO). Methods Two hundred and twenty-seven patients with LUTS underwent clinical evaluation from October 2006 to December 2008, including Prostate Volume (PV), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Peak Flow rate (PF) and Residual Urine (RU) measurement. Pressure flow studies were performed. The detrusor overactivity was recorded to classify the patients into 2 groups, DO group and none DO group. The clinical and urodynamic parameters were compared between the two groups. Results Mean patient age was 70 years (range 52 to 89). According to the urodynamic results, there were 126 patients in DO group and 101 patients in none DO group. The mean patients age was older in DO group than the none DO group(P＜0.05). Adjusted by age, the PV, PF, and RU were no different between the two groups(P>0.05). The mean first sensation of bladder, bladder compliance, cystometric capacity, bladder outlet obstruction parameters, single voiding volume and max detrusor pressure during contraction were different between the two groups(P＜0.05). Conclusions The main risk factors of DO are the ageing and BOO. The non invasive parameters such as PV、 PF、 and RU could not be used to judge DO. The changes of urodynamic parameters caused by DO were hyperaesthesia of bladder、lower bladder compliance、 higher max detrusor pressure and lower max cystometric capacity. This study emphasis the importance of the urodynamic studies in the aged patients with LUTS.     

老年男性下尿路症状伴逼尿肌过度活动患者临床及尿动力学特点分析

Objective To study the change of clinical and urodynamic parameters in the patients with lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) caused by detrusor overactivity (DO). Methods Two hundred and twenty-seven patients with LUTS underwent clinical evaluation from October 2006 to December 2008, including Prostate Volume (PV), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Peak Flow rate (PF) and Residual Urine (RU) measurement. Pressure flow studies were performed. The detrusor overactivity was recorded to classify the patients into 2 groups, DO group and none DO group. The clinical and urodynamic parameters were compared between the two groups. Results Mean patient age was 70 years (range 52 to 89). According to the urodynamic results, there were 126 patients in DO group and 101 patients in none DO group. The mean patients age was older in DO group than the none DO group(P＜0.05). Adjusted by age, the PV, PF, and RU were no different between the two groups(P>0.05). The mean first sensation of bladder, bladder compliance, cystometric capacity, bladder outlet obstruction parameters, single voiding volume and max detrusor pressure during contraction were different between the two groups(P＜0.05). Conclusions The main risk factors of DO are the ageing and BOO. The non invasive parameters such as PV、 PF、 and RU could not be used to judge DO. The changes of urodynamic parameters caused by DO were hyperaesthesia of bladder、lower bladder compliance、 higher max detrusor pressure and lower max cystometric capacity. This study emphasis the importance of the urodynamic studies in the aged patients with LUTS.     

索利那新对膀胱过度活动症病人逼尿肌功能及预后的影响

目的探究索利那新对膀胱过度活动症(overactive bladder,OAB)病人逼尿肌功能及预后的影响。方法 OAB病人128例,根据不同的治疗方法分为对照组与研究组,每组各64例。对照组采用托特罗定治疗,研究组采用索利那新治疗,服药时间为8周。比较两组病人尿动力参数、膀胱过度活动症症状评分(overactive bladder symptom score,OABSS)以及不良反应情况。结果研究组服药后膀胱顺应性、逼尿无抑制收缩次数、膀胱初次排尿感、最大膀胱容量、最大尿流率分别为(53.1±26.4)ml/cm H_2O、(1.5±1.2)次、(177.0±88.0)ml、(298.0±88.0)ml和(53.4±17.1)ml/s,对照组分别为(58.2±29.5)ml/cm H_2O、(1.9±1.5)次、(155.0±90.0)ml、(275.0±98.0)ml和(54.0±20.1)ml/s,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组和对照组服药后OABSS评分分别为(5.9±2.4)分和(6.7±3.4)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组不良发生率为4.6%,对照组为14.0%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论索利那新对治疗OAB,临床效果满意,不良反应轻微。     

良性前列腺增生患者B超检查发现膀胱小梁形成的临床意义

目的 探讨良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者B超检查发现膀胱小梁形成在判断膀胱出口梗阻程度及膀胱功能状态中的作用.方法 前瞻性比较BPH经腹B超检查显示有膀胱小梁形成与无膀胱小梁形成2组患者临床资料及尿动力学检查参数.结果 有膀胱小梁形成BPH患者36例,无膀胱小梁形成患者68例,年龄分别为(73.7±10.1)岁和(69.6±6.2)岁,国际前列腺症状评分分别为(24.4±6.6)分和(22.8±8.3)分,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);2组最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力分别为(131.7±57.3)cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa)和(92.1±47.8)cm H2O,线性被动尿道阻力关系梗阻程度分级分别为4.6±1.1和3.5±1.5,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);72.2%(26/36)的小梁形成患者膀胱顺应性减低,其中23.1%(6/26)出现双肾积水,造成肾功能损害;无小梁形成组分别为42.6%(29/68)和10.3%(3/29),2组比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 BPH患者B超检查发现膀胱小梁形成,提示存在膀胱出口梗阻,上尿路积水风险增大;无尿潴留者,膀胱小梁形成提示膀胱功能尚处于代偿期,应及时解除梗阻,有利于膀胱功能恢复,减少并发症的发生.

Abstract：

Objective To study the role of B-mode ultrasound found bladder trabeculation in evaluating the degree of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and the bladder function in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients.Methods Conducted prospective research to determine differences in clinical data and urodynamic parameters between BPH patients with and without bladder trabeculation diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound.Results Thirty-six BPH patients with bladder trabeculation were compared with 68 BPH patients without bladder trabeculation.The mean age was (73.7 ± 10.1 ) years for the patients with bladder trabeculation and ( 69.6 ± 6.2 ) years without bladder trabeculation, IPSS was 24.4 ± 6.6 and 22.8 ± 8.3 respectively, in which no significant differences were found ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate was ( 131.7 ± 57.3 ) cm H20 and (92.1 ± 47.8 )cm H2O ) respectively.The linearized passive urethral resistance relation was 4.6 :± 1.1 and 3.5 ± 1.5 respectively, showing a significant difference ( P ＜.05 ) between the two groups.Seventy-two point two percent (26/36) of the patients with bladder trabeculation had a low compliance bladder, among whom 23.1% (6/26) of the patients had bilateral hydronephrosis with renal insufficiency.The percentage for the control group was 42.6% (29/68) and 10.3% (3/29) respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The bladder trabeculation found by B-ultrasound in BPH patients suggests the existence of BOO and a high risk of bilateral hydronephrosis.Bladder trabeculation in patients without urinary retention suggests they are in compensation status.Relief of the obstruction is helpful to recovery of bladder function and the reduction of complications.     

脊髓损伤排尿功能障碍患者的尿动力学分析

目的 了解不同节段脊髓损伤后膀胱尿道功能障碍的差异.方法 回顾性分析30例脊髓损伤患者的尿动力学资料.男22例,女8例.年龄17～74岁,平均47岁.病程7～36个月,平均18个月.其中胸腰段脊髓损伤19例,骶髓损伤11例.2组尿动力检查结果行单因素方差分析或秩和检验比较.结果 胸腰段脊髓损伤组与骶髓损伤组自由尿流率参数比较:最大自由尿流率(13.0±5.1)与(13.0±5.8)ml/s,2 s时自由尿流率(6.5±5.1)与(6.9±6.4)ml/s,平均自由尿流率(5.4±2.4)与(3.4±0.5)ml/s,自主排尿量(279.1±131.1)与(450.0±26.6)ml,残余尿量(209.5±180.7)与(434.0±215.0)ml;2组排尿量和残余尿量比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组完全性膀胱测压参数比较:最大尿流率(16.0±23.3)与(7.1±3.3)ml/s,平均尿流率(4.6±2.3)与(3.9±2.3)ml/s,排尿后2 s的尿流率(4.6±3.1)与(2.2±3.2)ml/s,排尿量(268.4±113.9)与(129.0±97.9)ml,最大尿流率时的逼尿肌压力(58.8±22.0)与(56.5±14.5)cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa),逼尿肌最大压力时的尿流率(4.8±2.0)与(4.8±4.4)ml/s,逼尿肌最大压力(68.0±31.0)与(54.6±20.2)cm H2O,排尿期平均压力(47.4±20.0)与(42.6±13.9)cm H2O,2组排尿量比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组膀胱感觉及膀胱尿道协同性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),胸腰段损伤患者中低顺应性膀胱(4/11)发生率较高,骶髓损伤患者中高顺应性膀胱(11/19)发生率较高.结论 骶髓损伤和胸腰段脊髓损伤患者区别主要为膀胱顺应性的差异和膀胱逼尿肌收缩能力的改变,骶髓损伤患者逼尿肌收缩能力降低、高顺应性膀胱发生率较高,胸腰段脊髓损伤患者逼尿肌收缩亢进、低顺应性膀胱发生率较高.

Abstract：

Objective To find the differences of bladder and urethra dysfunction between sacral spinal cord injury and Thoracolumbar spinal cord injury.Methods According to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, we collected 30 patients in the study group.There were 22 males and 8 females, aged 17 -74 ( mean, 47 ) years, with duration between 7 - 36 ( mean, 18) months.There were nineteen cases of thoracolumbar spinal cord injury and 11 cases of sacral spinal cord injury in the study group.We conducted a retrospective analysis of the urodynamic data of the 30 patients in the group.They were divided into a sacral spinal cord injury group and a thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group according to the location of the site of injury.The urodynamic findings of the two groups were comparable.SPSS 16.0 was used to compare the differences between the groups by ANOVA/rank sum test.Results We measured the free flow rate parameters between thoracolumbar and sacral spinal cord injury groups.The maximum free flow rate was ( 13.0 ±5.1 ) vs ( 13.0 ±5.8) ml/s, the free flow rate at 2 s was (6.5 ±5.1 ) vs (6.9 ±6.4) ml/s, the mean free flow rate was (5.4± 2.4) vs ( 3.4 ± 0.5 ) ml/s, urine output volume was ( 279.1 ±131.1 ) vs (450.0 ± 26.6) ml and the residual urine volume was (209.5 ± 180.7 ) vs (434.0 ± 215.0) ml.The residual urine volume and urine output volume of sacral the spinal cord injury group was higher than the thoracic spinal cord injury group (P ＜ 0.05).We also measured the the cystometric parameters.The maximum urinary flow rate was (16.0±23.3) vs (7.1 ±3.3) ml/s, average flow rate was (4.6 ±2.3) vs (3.9 ± 2.3) ml/s, the flow rate after voiding 2 s was (4.6 ± 3.1 ) vs (2.2 ± 3.2) ml/s, urine output volume was (268.4 ± 113.9) vs ( 129.0 ± 97.9) ml, detrusor pressure of maximum flow rate was (58.8 ± 22.0) vs (56.5 ± 14.5) cm H2 O, flow rate of maximum detrusor pressure was (4.8 ± 2.0) vs (4.8 ± 4.4) ml/s,the maximum detrusor pressure was (68.0 ± 31.0) vs (54.6 ± 20.2) cm H2O and the average pressure of voiding period was (47.4 ±20.0) vs (42.6 ± 13.9) cm H2O.The urine output volume of the thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group was lower than sacral spinal cord injury group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).There were no significant differences in bladder sensation and coordination of bladder/urethra between the thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group and the sacral spinal cord injury group (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of low compliance bladder in the thoracolumbar spinal cord injury patients (4/11) was higher than the sacral spinal injury group, the incidence of high compliance bladder in the sacral spinal cord injury patients (11/19) was higherthan the thoracolumbar group.Conclusions The urodynamics' difference between the sacral spinal cord injury group and thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group was observed in bladder compliance and bladder detrusor contractility changes.Relatively, the incidence of decreased detrusor contractility and high compliance bladder in sacral spinal cord injury patients was higher, and the cidence of detrusor hyperreflexia and low compliance bladder in thoracolumbar spinal cord injury patients was higher.     

伴有尿动力学判定的逼尿肌过度活动对于BPH的意义

<正>膀胱过度活动症(overactive bladder syndrome,OAB)是一种以尿急症状为特征的征候群,常伴有尿频和夜尿症状,伴有或不伴有急迫性尿失禁(urge incontinence,UI)[1];尿动力学上可表现为逼尿肌过度活动(detrusor overactivity,DO),也可为其他形式的尿道-膀胱功能障碍。DO为OAB的最常见原因,50%⁷0%的OAB患者由此引起症状[2]。45%70%的OAB患者由此引起症状[2]。45%⁵0%的男性膀胱出口梗阻(bladder outlet obstruction,BOO)患者存在DO[3],而良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)为老年男性引起     

索利那新联合坦索罗辛治疗男性帕金森病患者下尿路症状的疗效观察

目的 探讨索利那新联合坦索罗辛治疗男性帕金森病患者LUTS的疗效及安全性.方法 2010年1月至2013年12月收治的45例伴有LUTS的男性帕金森病患者.年龄52275岁,平均62岁.帕金森病病史1.0210.5年,平均2.3年.治疗前患者IPSS评分为(18.3±3.3)分,最大尿流率为(8.5±3.9) ml/s,膀胱过度活动症状评分(overactive bladder symptom score,OABSS)为(10.9±2.2)分,残余尿量为(41.1±14.0) ml,最大尿流率逼尿肌压为(68.1±28.2)cmH2O(1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa).予琥珀酸索利那新(5.0 mg/d)联合盐酸坦索罗辛(0.2 mg/d)治疗,第4、8周随访,第4周尿急症状改善不明显者增加索利那新至10.0 mg/d.治疗8周后行超声影像尿动力学检查.比较治疗前后患者IPSS评分、OABSS评分、最大尿流率、残余尿量、最大尿流率逼尿肌压等参数变化,并记录不良反应. 结果 本组45例治疗4、8周后的IPSS评分分别为(13.3±2.4)分和(12.6±2.2)分,最大尿流率分别为(13.7±4.1) ml/s和(14.2±3.2) ml/s,OABSS评分分别为(7.8±2.1)分和(5.9±1.9)分,与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗4、8周后OABSS评分间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗8周后残余尿量为(38.5±12.7) ml,最大尿流率逼尿肌压为(63.2±30.1) cmH2O,与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗期间发生口干3例,视物模糊2例,便秘l例,无急性尿潴留发生. 结论 索利那新联合坦索罗辛治疗男性帕金森病患者LUTS症状疗效显著、不良反应少,可显著改善患者生命质量,是控制男性帕金森病患者LUTS症状的可选方法之一.     

良性前列腺增生合并膀胱过度活动症的诊治研究进展

根据2002年国际尿控协会(Internation Continence Society,ICS)的定义,膀胱过度活动症(overactivity bladder,OAB)是一种以尿急症状为特征的综合征,常伴有尿频和夜尿症状,可伴或不伴有急迫性尿失禁(urge urinary incontinence,UUI)[1];尿动力学上可表现为逼尿肌过度活动(detrusor overactivity,DO),也可为其他形式的尿道-膀胱功能障碍.OAB是一个独立的综合征,但在临床上,有许多疾病也可出现OAB症状,如老年男性良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)患者就常常伴有OAB症状.     

Urodynamic effects of solifenacin in untreated female patients with symptomatic overactive bladder

Objectives: To investigate the urodynamic effects of solifenacin in untreated female patients with symptomatic overactive bladder (OAB). Methods: A total of 52 untreated female patients with OAB symptoms were given 5 mg solifenacin once daily for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, the frequency volume chart, overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), postvoid residual volume, filling cystometry and adverse events were evaluated. Results: After solifenacin treatment, OAB symptoms were improved, voided volume was increased and voiding number was decreased. Bladder capacities at the first sensation of bladder filling, first desire to void and strong desire to void were significantly increased. Intravesical pressure at the first sensation of bladder filling was significantly decreased. Detrusor overactivity (DO) disappeared in five patients. For 28 patients with persisting DO after treatment, bladder capacity at DO was significantly increased. Both groups with and without DO at baseline had significant improvements of OAB symptoms. Conclusions: Solifenacin urodynamically increases bladder capacity in female patients with symptomatic OAB.     

PKRP围手术期应用高选择性M受体阻滞剂防治术后膀胱过度活动症

目的:探讨高选择性M受体阻滞剂防治经尿道前列腺等离子体双极电切术(PKRP)术后膀胱过度活动症(OAB)的疗效及安全性。方法:102例手术患者随机分为2组,每组51例。实验组应用高选择性M受体阻滞剂(琥珀酸索利那新)治疗,术前2~3d,术后3~4d给药。对照组禁用干扰膀胱逼尿肌或毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂等药物。观察比较2组患者拔出导尿管后24h、3d平均每天尿急次数、排尿次数、夜尿次数及急迫性尿失禁次数、膀胱痉挛、最大尿流率(Qmax)、剩余尿量(RUV)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、膀胱过度活动症评分(OABSS)、感知膀胱症状分级量表(PPBC)、生活质量评分(QOL)、患者OAB症状缓解率。结果:实验组拔除尿管后24h、3d的每天的尿急次数、夜尿次数、急迫性尿失禁次数、膀胱痉挛、QOL评分、IPSS评分、PPBC评分、OABSS评分均低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。拔除导尿管后24h排尿次数实验组、对照组,组间比较差异无统计学意义。而第3天实验组低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。拔除导尿管第3天的Qmax实验组、对照组组间比较差异无统计学意义;而RUV实验组明显高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后OAB症实验组(9/51)、对照组(19/51),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗期间实验组不良反应发生率为15.7%(8/51),患者均可耐受,未发生严重不良事件。结论:PKRP围手术期应用高选择性M受体阻滞剂防治术后膀胱过度活动症疗效确切,并发症小,安全性高,可推荐临床使用。     

坦索罗辛联合索利那新治疗良性前列腺增生伴膀胱过度活动症的临床观察

目的 探讨坦索罗辛联合索利那新治疗良性前列腺增生伴膀胱过度活动症的有效性及安全性。 方法 本组良性前列腺增生伴膀胱过度活动症患者82例。年龄50～75岁,平均57岁。入选标准：平均每天排尿次数≥8次,夜间≥2次,每次尿量＜200 ml;膀胱过度活动症症状评分(OABSS)：第3项评分＞2分,总分＞3分。采用随机对照方法,分为对照组（38例）和实验组(44例)。2组临床指标比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。对照组口服坦索罗辛0.2 mg,每日1次,共12周;实验组口服坦索罗辛0.2 mg,每日1次,索利那新5 mg,每日1次,共12周。比较2组治疗前后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、排尿期症状评分、储尿期症状评分、最大尿流率(Qmax)、残余尿量、OABSS、尿常规检查、不良事件登记等。 结果 ①对照组治疗前后IPSS评分(19.5±2.2 vs 15.6±2.4)、排尿期症状评分(15.6±2.4 vs3.4±1.7)、Qmax(13.7±3.8 vs16.6±4.1),治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。②实验组治疗前后IPSS评分(19.7±2.3 vs9.7±3.0)、储尿期症状评分（13.8±1.9 vs5.6±1.6）、OABSS( 10.3±1.8 vs5.3±1.3)、Qmax(14.1±4.1 vs 17.2±3.5),治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。③治疗后实验组与对照组IPSS评分(9.7±3.0 vs15.6±2.4)、储尿期症状评分(5.6±1.6 vs 12.0±1.6,)、OABSS(5.3±1.3 vs9.7±2.7)比较差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。实验组与对照组排尿期症状评分(3.4±1.1 vs3.4±1.7)、Qmax (17.2±3.5 vs 16.6±4.1)、残余尿量(36.7±17.1 vs 35.7±12.5)比较差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05)。2组均无急性尿潴留发生,对照组总体不良反应发生率为7.9％( 3/38),实验组总体不良反应发生率为20.5％ (9/44)。 结论 坦索罗辛联合索利那新治疗良性前列腺增生伴膀胱过度活动症有效、安全,疗效优于单用坦索罗辛。     

膀胱过度活动症症状评分表对中国OAB患者结果评估的重复信度及与其他症状评分工具间相关性的研究

目的 评估中文版膀胱过度活动症(OAB)症状评分表(OABSS)对中国OAB患者症状评估的重复信度及与其他评分工具间的相关性. 方法 50例OAB患者分别于第0天和第(14±2)天填写2次OABSS、患者感知膀胱症状情况分级量表(PPBC)、国际前列腺症状评分表(IPSS)及3 d排尿日志卡.采用内部相关系数(ICC)评价基线(0 d)和2周后OABSS问卷表总评分间的相关程度,采用加权Kappa系数评估OABSS各问题评分间的相关程度,采用Cronbach's α系数计算OABSS的内部信度;分别计算基线和2周后OABSS问卷表总评分与3 d排尿日志卡中临床变量、IPSS总评分、IPSS QOL评分及PPBC评分之间的Pearson或Spearman相关系数. 结果 OABSS总评分的ICC为0.9172,各项评分的加权Kappa系数为0.5902～0.9274,基线与2周后OABSS的Cronbach's α系数分别为0.3069和0.3285;OABSS与排尿日志卡上的临床变量间(日平均排尿次数除外)Pearson相关系数为0.2643～0.6900;与IPSS总评分的 Pearson相关系数为0.4734和0.4929,Spearman相关系数为0.4133和0.4149;与PPBC的Spearman相关系数为0.4083和0.4127.结论中文版OABSS对中国OAB患者结果评估的重复信度较好,与排尿日志卡上的临床变量、IPSS总评分以及PPBC之间的相关程度较高.     

Changes of urinary nerve growth factor and prostaglandins in male patients with overactive bladder symptom

AIM: Nerve growth factor (NGF) and prostaglandins (PG) in the urinary bladder can be affected by pathology of bladder, and this change can be noted in the urine. This study was performed to investigate the changes in urinary NGF and PG in male patient with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. METHODS: The study group included 75 male patients with OAB symptoms and 20 males without bladder symptoms as controls. Evaluation included history-taking, urinalysis, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and urodynamic study. The NGF, PGE2, PGF(2alpha) and PGI2 levels in voided urine were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and these results were compared in control and OAB patients. Also, the urinary levels of NGF and PG were correlated with IPSS score and urodynamic parameters in OAB patients. RESULTS: The urinary levels of NGF and PGE2 were signi fi cantly increased in patients with OAB compared with control (P < 0.05). The urodynamic study in OAB patients showed that more than half of the patients had detrusor overactivity and bladder outlet obstruction. The incidence of detrusor underactivity was noted in seven patients in the OAB group. The urinary level of PGE2 was decreased in patients with detrusor underactivity compared with patients without detrusor underactivity (P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with maximum bladder capacity in OAB patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: NGF and PG may have important role in male patients with OAB, and the urinary level of PGE2 can change according to detrusor function. Therefore, these results may be used as urinary markers to evaluate the OAB symptoms.     

坦索罗辛联合索利那新在治疗轻中度良性前列腺增生合并膀胱过度活动症中的疗效分析

目的:探讨坦索罗辛联合索利那新在治疗轻中度BPH合并膀胱过度活动症(OAB)中的有效性及安全性。方法:选取在我院诊治的轻中度良性BPH合并OAB患者166例,分为轻度梗阻症状组(88例)(联合用药组48例及坦索罗辛组40例)和中度梗阻症状组(78例)(联合用药组36例及坦索罗辛组42例)。坦索罗辛组均服用坦索罗辛0.2mg,每日1次。联合用药组均口服坦索罗辛0.2mg,每日1次,索利那新5mg,每日1次,共12周。比较两组治疗前后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、排尿期症状评分、储尿期症状评分、最大尿流率(Qmax)、残余尿量、膀胱过度活动症症状评分(OABSS)、尿常规检查、不良事件等。结果:在轻度梗阻症状组中,联合用药组治疗后在IPSS、储尿期症状评分、Qmax、OABSS明显优于治疗前(P0.05),而残余尿无明显变化(P0.05),坦索罗辛组治疗后仅IPSS较治疗前有所改善,而其他方面无明显变化(P0.05);而治疗后联合用药组IPSS[(9.7±3.0)分vs(15.8±3.3)分]、储尿期症状评分[(8.1±1.7)分vs(12.3±3.1)分]、Qmax[(18.6±4.1)ml/s vs(14.2±2.3)ml/s]、OABSS[(5.3±1.3)分vs(9.7±2.7)分]等方面明显优于坦索罗辛组(P均0.05),而残余尿、尿常规检查及不良事件无明显差异(P0.05);在中度梗阻症状组,联合用药组治疗后IPSS、排尿期症状评分、Qmax、OABSS明显优于治疗前,而残余尿无明显差异;坦索罗辛组治疗后IPSS、排尿期症状评分、Qmax、OABSS及残余尿较治疗前改善明显;联合用药组的OABSS优于坦索罗辛组[(4.8±1.5)分vs(6.5±2.5)分,P0.05],而在IPSS、Qmax、排尿期症状评分、尿常规检查及不良事件等方面与坦索罗辛组无明显差异(P均0.05)。结论:坦索罗辛联合索利那新在治疗BPH轻中度梗阻症状合并OAB均有明显疗效,其疗效优于单用坦索罗辛,而不良反应无明显增加。     

Patient‐reported outcomes from SYNERGY,a randomized,double‐blind,multicenter study evaluating combinations of mirabegron and solifenacin compared with monotherapy and placebo in OAB patients

Aims

To evaluate patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) of combinations of solifenacin and mirabegron compared with solifenacin and mirabegron monotherapy and with placebo in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) from the SYNERGY trial.

Methods

Following a 4‐week placebo run‐in, period patients (≥18 years) with OAB were randomized 2:2:1:1:1:1 to receive solifenacin 5 mg + mirabegron 25 mg (combination 5 + 25 mg), solifenacin 5 mg + mirabegron 50 mg, (combination 5 + 50 mg), solifenacin 5 mg, mirabegron 25 mg, mirabegron 50 mg or placebo for 12 weeks, followed by a 2‐week washout period. At each visit, PROs related to quality of life, symptom bother, and treatment satisfaction were assessed, including OAB‐q Symptom Bother score, health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) Total score, treatment satisfaction‐visual analogue scale (TS‐VAS), and patient perception of bladder condition (PPBC) questionnaires.

Results

Overall, 3527 patients were randomized into the study, with 3494 receiving double‐blind treatment. At end of treatment (EoT), both combination groups showed greater improvements in OAB‐q Symptom Bother score compared with the monotherapy groups (nominal P < 0.001). Statistically significant improvements in HRQOL Total scores were observed in the combination groups versus monotherapy groups (P ≤ 0.002). For both combination groups, the OAB‐q Symptom Bother score responder rates at EoT were statistically significantly higher versus mirabegron monotherapy (P < 0.05). The mean adjusted changes from baseline to EoT for PPBC were greater in the combination groups compared with monotherapy groups.

Conclusions

PROs showed that combination therapy provided clear improvements and an additive effect for many HRQOL parameters, including OAB‐q Symptom Bother score, HRQOL Total score, and PPBC.     

The validation of the patient perception of bladder condition (PPBC): a single-item global measure for patients with overactive bladder

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and responsiveness of a global measure for overactive bladder (OAB), the Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC). METHODS: Post-hoc analyses were conducted on two 12-wk clinical trials for OAB (Study 1: n = 865; Study 2: n = 520). In addition to the PPBC, patients completed two condition-specific health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures, the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q) and King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), and bladder diaries at baseline and 12 wk. Validity of the PPBC was evaluated through correlations with baseline diaries, OAB-q, and KHQ. The responsiveness of the PPBC was evaluated using correlations and general linear models to assess the degree of association between change in PPBC and change in the diaries, OAB-q, and KHQ. RESULTS: Both samples were primarily women and white with mean ages of 61.0 and 58.8 yr. The majority of patients were incontinent (75.3% and 80.4%) with the greatest proportion of patients indicating that they had "moderate problems" (47.5% and 51.2%) on the PPBC at baseline. Significant correlations were present at baseline and among change scores between the PPBC and the bladder diaries (p < 0.001), OAB-q (p < 0.001), and KHQ (p < 0.01). In both studies, patients with major PPBC improvement had significantly greater reductions in frequency, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, and Symptom Bother and significantly greater improvements in HRQL than patients with only a minor PPBC improvement. CONCLUSION: The PPBC, a global patient-reported measure of bladder condition, demonstrated good construct validity and responsiveness to change. These findings support the use of the PPBC as a global assessment of bladder condition among patients with OAB.