妊娠期补钙预防妊娠高血压综合征的Meta分析

研究补钙对妊娠高血压综合征的预防作用.应用Meta分析方法对我国1992～2002年公开发表的13篇补钙预防妊娠高血压综合征的资料进行综合定量分析.补钙的比值比OR为0.247 8(0.179 2～0.337 3),补钙能使孕妇出现妊娠高血压综合征的风险平均降低73%,补钙有预防妊娠高血压综合征的作用.     

围产期补钙及保健对预防妊娠高血压综合征作用研究

目的：探讨分析围产期补钙及保健对预防妊娠高血压综合征的作用。方法：选取我院2013年1月-2015年12月期间产检孕妇600例,根据抽签法分成2组,即对照组与观察组,各组300例。对照组孕妇给予产前补钙及保健,观察组孕妇给予围产期补钙及保健,对2组孕妇的产前血钙浓度及妊娠高血压综合征的发生情况进行观察对比。结果：观察组孕妇产前的血钙浓度明显高于对照组,2组对比具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。观察组孕妇妊娠高血压综合征的发生率为2.0%,与对照组的14.3%相比,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：围产期补钙及保健对预防妊娠高血压综合征有着十分积极的作用,可以显著减少妊娠高血压综合征的发生,值得在社区及妇幼保健站中应用普及。     

妊娠期补钙的临床效果观察

近年研究表明 ,低钙与妊娠高血压综合征、胎儿宫内发育迟缓等妊娠并发症有关。我们对孕期保健门诊孕妇进行孕期补钙前瞻性研究 ,以了解孕妇体内钙营养状况 ,观察孕期补钙对孕妇临床症状改善以及妊高征发生和胎儿生长发育的影响。1　资料与方法1 1　观察对象　 2 0 0例在本所就诊的初孕妇 ,年龄 2 2～ 2 8周岁 ,单胎 ,既往无慢性高血压、糖尿病、慢性肾炎、心脏病等病史 ,采集标本前未服用钙剂及影响钙代谢的药物 ,进入实验时孕期为 2 0～ 35周。1 2　方法　随机分为两组 ,两组在年龄、孕周、饮食习惯上均无明显差异 ,具有可比性。补钙组口服…     

围产期补钙及保健对预防妊娠高血压综合征作用研究

目的研究围产期补钙及保健对预防妊娠高血压综合征（PIH）发生的作用。方法跟踪台州市立医院2012年6月-2014年6月门诊产检的围产期高危孕妇742例,其中未进行产前保健和补钙的孕妇326例作为对照组,补钙并进行围产期保健的416例设为观察组,观察两组妊娠高血压综合症发生情况及严重程度。结果观察组产前孕妇血钙浓度明显升高,与入组时比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。而对照组血钙浓度无明显变化,产前明显低于观察组（P<0.05）。观察组PIH发生率为4.09%,明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组仅1例发生先兆子痫,占PIH的5.88%,而对照组发生先兆子痫、子痫22例,占PIH的32.35%,严重程度明显重于观察组（x²=4.83,P<0.05）。结论具备妊娠高危因素的孕妇加强围产期保健,并适当补钙,投入少,预防效果好,是降低妊娠高血压综合征发生率及严重程度的有效手段,可在社区及妇幼保健站推广。     

孕期补钙预防妊娠期高血压病的临床观察

目的观察孕期补钙对预防妊娠期高血压的疗效。方法将笔者所在医院门诊产前检查的80例孕妇,随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组不服钙剂,治疗组口服乐力钙,每日2粒,观察两组高血压病的发生情况。结果治疗组妊娠高血压发生率显著低于对照组。结论孕期补钙可以预防和治疗妊娠高血压病。     

预防妊娠高血压综合征的简单方法

阿斯匹林能阻碍血栓素A_2的合成,抑制血小板的凝集,因此有预防血栓症的作用。妊娠高血压综合征是以胎盘和母体各脏器血栓形成为特征的疾患,投与阿斯匹林有可能预防妊娠高血压综合征的发生。国外有人对能预测发生妊娠高血压综合征的初孕妇,从妊娠28周开始至分娩期每日投与阿斯     

120例妊娠高血压综合征的眼底检查及临床分析

目的　探讨妊娠高血压综合征病变程度与眼底改变的关系。　方法　对2 0 0 2年9月～2 0 0 3年12月来我院产科住院分娩的妊高征12 0例进行血压、尿蛋白、体肢水肿和眼底检查,检查结果分为正常者和眼底改变者,将眼底改变者又分为三期。　结果　血压越高,蛋白尿和水肿程度越严重,眼底改变的发生率及程度也高,差异存在显著性(P值分别<0 .0 0 1,<0 .0 1和<0 .0 5 )。　结论　孕妇的眼底改变亦可诊断其妊娠高血压综合征。其眼底改变的程度可作为临床判断妊娠高血压综合征的孕妇是否终止妊娠的重要指标。     

妊娠期补钙补铁预防妊娠高血压疾病发生的临床分析

目的:了解妊娠期同时补钙补铁对预防妊娠高血压疾病的发生的临床疗效。方法:对2009年11月至2010年11月在我院产科住院分娩的548例孕妇的资料进行回顾性分析,将孕中期开始补钙、补铁的300例孕妇作为A组,孕中期开始补钙而未补铁的118例孕妇作为B组,孕期末服用钙剂及铁剂130例孕妇作为C组,分析三组病例分娩前妊娠高血压疾病及贫血发生情况。结果:B组妊娠高血压疾病发生率明显高于A组(P<0.05),但明显低于C组(P<0.05)。B组贫血发生率明显高于A组(P<0.05),但与C组相比,两组贫血发生率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:妊娠期补钙能降低高血压疾病发生率,妊娠期同时补钙补铁预防妊娠高血压疾病较单一补钙效果好。     

广州市妊娠高血压综合征危险因素的病例对照研究

目的探讨妊娠期高血压综合征的主要危险因素,为临床预防提供科学依据。方法选取115例妊娠期高血压综合征的孕产妇作为病例组,以同时期住院、年龄相当的孕产妇132例作为对照组,采用统计学方法分析妊娠高血压综合征的主要危险因素。结果进入多因素非条件Logistic回归模型的因素有家庭人均收入、情绪状态、BMI、血清钙离子浓度、高血压家族史、产次等,OR(95%CI)值分别为1.54(1.44～1.94),1.88(1.35～2.41),5.16(2.84～7.48),0.95(0.93～0.98),3.53(2.77～4.29),2.18(1.39～2.77)。结论对于初产妇、家庭人均收入低、孕期情绪不良、有高血压家族史、BMI过大的孕产妇要加强监测,以期早发现、早治疗妊娠期高血压综合征;此外,孕妇在孕期补钙,可以降低发生妊娠期高血压综合征的风险。     

酚妥拉明治疗临产后中重度妊娠高血压综合征100例临床分析

我院从 1 998年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 1 2月共收治2 0 0例临产后中、重度妊娠高血压综合征 ,使用酚妥拉明治疗 1 0 0例为观察组 ,使用 2 5 %硫酸镁治疗中、重度的妊娠高血压综合征 1 0 0例为对照组 ,效果满意 ,现总结如下。1　临床资料1 1　对象　本组 2 0 0例为 1 998年 1月～ 2     

Barriers to supplemental calcium use among women in suburban family practice: a report from the Cleveland Clinic Ambulatory Research Network (CleAR-eN)

BACKGROUND: The majority of adult women in the United States fail to meet daily calcium intake recommendations. This study was undertaken to (1) identify predictors of calcium supplement use versus non-use, (2) understand barriers to calcium supplementation, and (3) determine the potential impact of physician recommendation on calcium supplement use. METHODS: Surveys were self-administered by 185 women, ages 20 to 64, presenting consecutively for care at 6 suburban community-based family medicine practices within the Cleveland Clinic Ambulatory Research Network (CleAR-eN). We compared demographic characteristics, health beliefs, and health behaviors of those women who reported never using calcium supplements with those who presently took calcium supplements. Women who never took calcium were also queried about reasons for non-use and whether physician recommendation would influence their adoption of calcium supplementation. RESULTS: Multivitamin use, self-perceived risk of osteoporosis, and age were independent predictors of calcium supplement use. Leading barriers for never-users were lack of knowledge about the need/importance of increasing calcium intake, lack of motivation to start supplements, and the belief that their dietary calcium intake alone was sufficient. Ninety-six percent of never-users reported that they would consider taking a calcium supplement if recommended by their physician. CONCLUSIONS: Many patient-identified barriers to calcium supplementation seem amenable to focused and brief office-based interventions that could increase the number of women meeting calcium intake guidelines.     

孕妇、乳母及婴儿补充钙和维生素D对婴儿骨碱性磷酸酶的影响

目的调查研究孕妇、乳母及婴儿补充钙和维生素D的状况与婴儿骨质发育的关系。方法对2006年10月～2008年1月在北京妇产医院儿科就诊的1176例健康母-婴进行面对面的回顾性问卷调查,了解在母亲孕期和哺乳期以及婴儿期补充钙和维生素D的状况,同时检测婴儿全血骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)的活性,并测量婴儿前囟斜径。用卡方检验和logistic回归对调查结果进行统计分析。结果母亲孕期补钙对婴儿的BAP活性没有显著影响(P=0.154)。在188名纯母乳喂养儿中,母亲在哺乳期补充钙和维生素D,可显著降低婴儿全血BAP的活性(P=0.018)。用logistic回归分析婴儿的喂养方式和是否补充钙和维生素D对婴儿全血BAP活性的影响,结果表明仅婴儿补充钙和维生素D可显著降低全血BAP的活性(P=0.000),而喂养方式对BAP活性没有显著影响影响。对婴儿前囟门大小的分析,42天内婴儿的前囟门大小与BAP活性有明显负关联,但与母亲孕期是否补钙没有关联。结论母亲哺乳期和婴儿补充钙和维生素D可显著降低婴儿全血BAP的活性。婴儿前囟门大小不能作为是否缺钙的判断依据。     

陕西省育龄妇女围孕期钙补充与单胎小于胎龄儿的关联性探索分析

目的:探讨陕西省育龄妇女围孕期钙补充与单胎新生儿小于胎龄儿（SGA）发生风险之间的关联性。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,以面对面问卷调查方式收集2010-2013年陕西省30个区（县）曾经怀孕且结局明确的育龄妇女及其生育子女信息。以单胎新生儿是否为SGA为因变量,分别以育龄妇女围孕期和不同孕期是否进行钙补充为自变量...     

Urinary calcium and magnesium excretion by women in response to short-term calcium supplementation

Two hundred sixteen women (34–69 years) participated in a clinical trial to study the short-term (14 days) effects of calcium supplementation (1000 mg extra calcium given as oyster shell calcium) on urinary calcium and magnesium excretion. Before supplementation the women consumed an average of 879 mg Ca/day in self-selected diets; during supplementation they consumed approximately 1915 mg Ca/day (diet and supplement). The women excreted significantly more calcium in the urine during the supplementation period than initially (114 vs. 149 mg Ca/day) but this increase accounted for only 3.4% of the supplemental calcium. Approximately 24% of the women did not respond to the calcium supplements; they excreted less or equal amounts of urinary calcium in response to calcium supplementation. Hypercalciuria (>250 mg Ca/day) was observed in 3% of the women prior to supplementation and 7% of the women during calcium supplementation. Calcium supplementation had no effect on urinary magnesium excretion.     

维生素D和钙补充对糖尿病人或高危人群血糖和炎症标志物的Meta分析

目的 系统评价维生素D（VD）和钙联合补充对糖尿病患者及其高危人群的空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗、炎症标志物等指标的影响。方法 检索4个主要数据库,搜索联合补充VD和钙相关的随机对照试验,检索时间限定均建库开始至2017年1月1日。结果 Meta分析结果显示,VD+钙补充组与对照组相比空腹血糖的浓度降低,此外,维生素D+钙补充组的HOMA - IR也显著下降。但对于高敏C反应蛋白和白介素 - 6,2组不存在统计学差异。结论 糖尿病人及其高危人群补充VD和钙可改善空腹血糖和胰岛素抵抗,但对炎症标志物的影响并不显著。     

济宁市区儿童补钙效果的实验研究

目的：了解我市儿童缺钙现状及补钙效果。方法：于1996～1997年对市区2108名3～6岁儿童发钙进行了调查，同时采用配对实验的方法对四种补钙剂、钙强化饮食及不同的补钙方法等进行了实验研究。结果：我市儿童缺钙现象严重，补钙状况令人担忧；不同的钙制剂补钙效果差异显著；单纯钙强化饮食不可取，满足不了儿童生长的钙需求，补钙方法不同效果不一。结论：综合我市目前饮食结构状况，建议儿童每日补钙400mg左右，采用15日连续服用，停服7日的间歇补钙法；每半年补钙两个月。有关部门应着力整顿钙制剂市场，为儿童补钙提供真正合格的钙制剂。     

锌对幼儿体内钙水平影响的研究

目的：探讨补锌对幼儿体内钙水平的影响。方法：对370名1～3岁幼儿采用配对双盲分组的方法进行补锌补钙实验研究。结果：补锌对幼儿体内钙水平有显著的影响（P〈0．05）。补充锌剂能改善幼儿对钙的吸收。结论：锌可能与钙代谢有关。补钙时应同时补锌。     

A quality improvement study on calcium and vitamin D supplementation in long-term care

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of a quality improvement (QI) study on improving calcium and vitamin D supplementation in a long-term care setting. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: An academic long-term care facility that specializes in dementia care in St Louis, MO. PARTICIPANTS: Participants consisted of 83 long-term care residents. INTERVENTION: The quality improvement team created an educational letter that was signed by the medical director and sent to the facilities' primary care physicians. This letter provided clinicians with the rationale and method to achieve adequate calcium supplementation, assess vitamin D status, and provide adequate vitamin D supplementation in our long-term care setting. Following the letter, the facility pharmacist reviewed the orders during monthly medication reviews and faxed requests to the primary care physicians for appropriate supplements or laboratory tests when necessary. MEASUREMENTS: We reviewed the charts for the presence of calcium supplementation orders, vitamin D levels, and vitamin D supplementation before and after our QI intervention. RESULTS: Of the 83 resident charts that were reviewed, only 37 (44.6%) had calcium supplementation, 19 (22.8%) had assessment of their vitamin D status, and 29 (34.9%) had ongoing vitamin D supplementation prior to implementation of the study. After the QI intervention, calcium supplementation was present in 66 residents (79.5%), vitamin D status had been assessed in 61 residents (73.4%), and vitamin D supplementation had been initiated in 65 residents (78.3%). These changes were statistically significant (P < .05). CONCLUSION: A quality improvement project that used an educational letter from the medical director combined with a medication and laboratory review by the pharmacist was able to increase the number of residents in our long-term care setting with calcium supplementation, increase the number of residents who had vitamin D status assessed, identify many residents with low vitamin D levels, and increase supplementation of vitamin D when indicated.     

Calcium supplementation on normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women.

Normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women participated in a study to determine the effects of calcium supplementation on blood pressure. Subjects were randomly assigned to control or supplemented groups (1000 mg Ca/d). Blood pressure and serum total and ionic calcium were measured during the 20-wk supplementation period. Calcium supplementation had a significant lowering effect on diastolic blood pressure over the course of the study in the hypertensive group only. The hypertensive control subjects' mean serum ionic calcium value decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) over the course of the experiment. A significant (P less than 0.05) inverse relationship was observed between dietary calcium intake and blood pressure (r = -0.386 for systolic pressure and -0.359 for diastolic pressure).