血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症的临床观察

目的 比较血液灌流联合血液透析与单独血液透析对尿毒症的治疗效果.方法 将30例血液透析患者进入血液灌流联合血液透析治疗(治疗组),并与单独血液透析治疗的28例患者(对照组)的疗效进行对比分析,观察比较临床症状改善情况、治疗前、治疗后1个月血液尿素氮、肌酐、β2-微球蛋白、甲状旁腺激素及血红蛋白的指标.结果 治疗组临床症状的改善优于对照组;治疗组β-微球蛋白、甲状旁腺激素、血红蛋白与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组β2-微球蛋白、甲状旁腺激素、血红蛋白与治疗前比较则无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组间各指标比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两种方法在清除血液尿素氮、肌酐方面比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 血液灌流联合血液透析治疗能更好地清除体内β2-微球蛋白、甲状旁腺激素等中分子物质,临床症状改善效果优于血液透析.     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症的临床观察

Objective To compare the curative effect of hemodialysis (HD) with hemoperfusion combined hemodialysis (HP + HD). Methods 30 patients with uremia who needed long-term hemodialysis were considered as group-treated with HP + HD, another control group(n = 28) as interfered one- treated with HD alone. Blood uremia nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(Cr), β2- microglobulin(β2- MG) , parathyroid hor-mone(PTH), hemoglobin(Hb) and clinical manifestation of the patients were obscrved before and after the treatment of 1 month.Results Serum β2- MG and PTH in the group-treated significantly decreased, and Hb was significantly increased and the amelioration of clinical symptom was more superior as compared with those before treatment and in control group, there were no significant difference to the clearance rates of BUN and Cr. Conclusion Using HP + HD could clear up β- MG, PTH and ameliorate clinical symptom better than using HD alone.     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症效果探讨

目的提高尿毒症病人血液透析效果。方法将60例慢性尿毒症病人随机分为两组,联合组30例采用血液灌流(HP)/透析(HD)联合治疗,每周2次;对照组30例行常规HD,每周3次。治疗前后抽血检测中分子物质(MMS)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)等;观察两组高血压、皮肤瘙痒等症状改善情况。结果两组治疗后MMS均较治疗前显著降低(均P<0.01),联合组MMS降低程度显著大于对照组(P<0.01);皮肤瘙痒改善显著好于对照组(P<0.01)。结论对慢性尿毒症病人行HP/HD疗法,可清除其体内MMS,减少透析频次,提高透析效果。     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症患者高β2-微球蛋白和高甲状旁腺激素临床观察

目的 观察血液灌流(hemoperfusion,HP)联合血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)在尿毒症患者治疗中,对血β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、全段甲状旁腺激素(I-PTH)清除效果及临床症状改善情况.方法 将血液灌流器与透析器串联作血液灌流-血液透析(hemoperfusion/hiemocIialysis,HP/HD)联合治疗,先行HP/HD2小时,树脂吸附达饱和后取下灌流器,继续HD 2小时,单次总治疗时间4小时,治疗前后各测1次β2-MG和I-PTH观察疗效.结果 β2-MG治疗前(37108.55±13570.59)μg/L,治疗后下降为32133.81±13785.98μg/L,iPTH治疗前(631.91±436.60)pg/mL,治疗后为(380.60±245.40)pg/mL,差异均有统计学意义.患者睡眠改善,食欲增加.结论 血液灌流对中大分子物质清除有效,长期应用可显著提高患者生活质量及生存率.     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒的观察及护理

目的:为提高慢性肾衰长期血透患者的疗效,改善其生活质量.方法:对5例患者常规血透,每周2次～3次,同时加用HA灌流嚣串联连析.结果:血液灌流与血液透析联合尿毒症皮肤瘙痒效果明显.结论:灌流与血透联合治疗皮肤瘙痒是目前临床较佳疗效.心理护理及正确的指导用药及饮食合理的社交活动能提高其生活质量.     

血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症脑病疗效观察

目的:观察血液透析加血液灌流(HD+HP)对尿毒症脑病患者的治疗疗效作用.方法:对在我院行常规血液透析出现尿毒症脑病患者32例.在常规治疗基础上给予HD+HP治疗,尿毒症脑病显效19例,有效9例,无效4例,总有效率84.6%.结论 HD+HP能有效清除尿毒症毒素,是治疗尿毒症脑病的有救治疗方法.     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者的临床观察

目的 探讨血液透析和血液灌流联合治疗维持性血液透析尿毒症患者皮肤瘙痒的疗效.方法 将81例尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者按皮肤瘙痒程度分为3组,每组按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组.治疗组和对照组采用营养支持及综合治疗,对照组在此基础上加用血液透析治疗;治疗组采用血液灌流+血液透析治疗.于治疗前、治疗3、6周后分别检测两组患者甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白的水平变化以及皮肤瘙痒程度并进行比较.结果 治疗组患者经治疗后3、6周后甲状旁腺激素和β2微球蛋白水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组患者经治疗3周后皮肤瘙痒症状较对照组改善,其中可视模拟评分法评为6～8分组改善最明显(P＜0.05).治疗组治疗6周后皮肤瘙痒症状较对照组改善,其中可视模拟评分法评分＞6分组改善最明显(P＜0.05).结论 血液灌流+血液透析联合治疗能显著降低尿毒症患者甲状旁腺激索和β2微球蛋白水平,减轻皮肤瘙痒症状.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of maintenance hemodialysis (HD) combined with hemoperfusion( HP) in treatment of uremic pruritis. Methods The 81 uremic patients with uremic pruritus were divided into 3 groups according to degree of skin itching. Each group was randomly divided into treatment group and control group. On the basis of nutrition support and comprehensive treatment, patients in treatment group were treated with combined HD + HP, while the patients in control group received HD treatment only. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) levels and the degree of pruritus in patients were measured before treatment, treatment for 3 weeks and 6 weeks after in each group. Results effects were evaluated by comparing the PTH, β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) levels and the degree of pruritus of the experimental groups and control groups. Results 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment, the PTH and β2-MG levels in the experimental groups were markedly decreased (P ＜ 0.05). After 3 weeks treatment, compared with the control group the pruritus symptoms improved in the treatment group, and the visual analogue scales (VAS) score 6-8 group improved most significantly (P ＜ 0.05). After 6 weeks treatment, compared with the control group the pruritus symptoms improved in the treatment group, and the VAS score ＞ 6 group improved most significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HP + HD combination therapy can significantly reduce PTH, β2-MG levels and skin itching in uremic patients.     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症并发症的临床观察

目的 探讨血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症并发症的疗效.方法 将46例尿毒症并发症患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组接受血液灌流联合血液透析治疗,对照组接受常规血液透析治疗,观察2组患者治疗前、后的实验室检查指标(肾功能、甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白、电解质)变化与临床症状(肾性骨痛、失眠、皮肤瘙痒、食欲减退)的变化.结果 治疗后治疗组患者的肾性骨病、皮肤瘙痒、睡眠障碍、食欲减退症状得到明显改善,对照组患者的食欲症状有所改善,而皮肤瘙痒、骨痛、睡眠症状未出现明显改善,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组血浆甲状旁腺激素水平、β2微球蛋白、钙、磷及肌酐、尿素氮指标与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组治疗前肌酐、尿素氮水平与治疗后比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而血浆甲状旁腺激素水平、β2微球蛋白、钙、磷水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 血液灌流联合血液透析能有效地清除甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白等中分子毒素,纠正钙磷代谢紊乱,从而改善患者的尿毒症并发症的临床症状,提高患者生存质量与长期生存率.     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症并发症的临床观察

目的 探讨血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症并发症的疗效.方法 将46例尿毒症并发症患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组接受血液灌流联合血液透析治疗,对照组接受常规血液透析治疗,观察2组患者治疗前、后的实验室检查指标(肾功能、甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白、电解质)变化与临床症状(肾性骨痛、失眠、皮肤瘙痒、食欲减退)的变化.结果 治疗后治疗组患者的肾性骨病、皮肤瘙痒、睡眠障碍、食欲减退症状得到明显改善,对照组患者的食欲症状有所改善,而皮肤瘙痒、骨痛、睡眠症状未出现明显改善,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组血浆甲状旁腺激素水平、β2微球蛋白、钙、磷及肌酐、尿素氮指标与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组治疗前肌酐、尿素氮水平与治疗后比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而血浆甲状旁腺激素水平、β2微球蛋白、钙、磷水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 血液灌流联合血液透析能有效地清除甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白等中分子毒素,纠正钙磷代谢紊乱,从而改善患者的尿毒症并发症的临床症状,提高患者生存质量与长期生存率.     

血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症患者皮肤瘙痒的疗效

目的 观察血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者的临床疗效.方法 选择我院72例维持性血液透析伴皮肤瘙痒患者,采用数字表法随机分为观察组(HD+ HP组)和对照组(HD组),每组各36例.对照组采用单纯血液透析(HD)治疗,每周3次,每次4小时;观察组在常规血液透析基础上加用2～3次/月的组合型人工肾治疗[血液透析(HD)联合血液灌流(HP)治疗].检测两组患者治疗前后β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH),并观察两组患者皮肤瘙痒改善情况.结果 治疗2个月后观察组患者血β2-MG、PTH比对照组明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),皮肤瘙痒的程度明显减轻.结论 血液透析联合血液灌流可有效的清除血液中大分子毒素;有效缓解长期血液透析患者皮肤瘙痒症状,改善预后,提高了尿毒症患者生存质量.     

血液灌流联合血液透析治疗尿毒症的临床观察

由于慢性肾衰竭时甲状旁腺激素(PTH)升高,引起皮肤瘙痒、软组织钙化、贫血、失眠等,而血液透析(HD)对其清除很少.血液灌流(HP)可选择性地清除PTH及一些中分子物质,减轻皮肤瘙痒、失眠等症状.     

血液灌流联合血液透析对血液透析患者甲状旁腺素的清除效果观察

目的观察血液灌流联合血液透析对血液透析患者甲状旁腺素的清除效果观察。方法将50例尿毒症合并顽固性皮肤瘙痒患者,随机分为两组。串联组22例,采用血液灌流联合血液透析治疗,每周3次。对照组28例,采用常规血液透析治疗,每周3次,共治疗4周。治疗前、后测定血清甲状旁腺素的水平。结果串联组治疗前血清甲状旁腺素为（325．85±218．65）ng／L,治疗后降至（153．80±248．65）ng／L,皮肤瘙痒症状改善率77．78％,治疗前、后比较差异显著（P〈0．05）。对照组治疗前血清甲状旁腺素为（392．85±248．65）ng／L,治疗后降至（348．79±231．65）ng／L,皮肤瘙痒症状改善率29．41％,治疗前、后比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论血液灌流联合血液透析能有效地清除血清甲状旁腺素,改善患者的皮肤瘙痒症状。     

Use of hemodialysis and hemoperfusion in poisoned patients

Extracorporeal removal techniques such as hemodialysis, charcoal hemoperfusion, and peritoneal dialysis have been used to remove toxins from the body. To define trends in the use of these techniques for toxin removal, we analyzed the 19,351 cases requiring extracorporeal removal reported to U.S. poison centers from 1985-2005. The number of such patients who received hemodialysis, excluding those with other medical indications, (normalized per million calls) increased from 231 to 707 whereas hemoperfusion decreased from 53 to 12 in the years 1985-2005. Peritoneal dialysis decreased from 2.2 in 1985 to 1.6 in 1991. The most common toxins removed by hemodialysis were lithium and ethylene glycol. There were more dialysis treatments for poisonings with valproate and acetaminophen in 2001-2005 than for methanol and theophylline, although hemodialysis for acetaminophen removal is generally not recommended. Theophylline was the most common toxin removed by hemoperfusion from 1985-2000, but carbamazepine became the most frequent toxin for removal during 2001-2005. Our study shows that the profile of toxins and the type of extracorporeal technique used to remove the toxins have changed over the years.     

Accelerated removal of deferoxamine mesylate-chelated aluminum by charcoal hemoperfusion in hemodialysis patients

Although deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) is effective in removing aluminum (Al) in hemodialysis patients, treatment with this drug is associated with a number of adverse effects. In order to limit the exposure of patients to DFO-Al complexes, the efficacy of colloidin-coated microencapsulated charcoal cartridges added in series to conventional dialyzers was investigated. The clearances of Al by the sorbent system were initially 116 +/- 4.7 mL/min, but decreased to 42.5 +/- 6.6 mL/min after 120 minutes of treatment. Thereafter, the Al clearances remained constant. In contrast, the Al clearances of the dialyzer were 29.5 +/- 1.8 mL/min initially and did not change during the treatment period. Both the percent and absolute decrease in Al levels after four hours of dialysis were greater with the dialyzers plus carbon cartridges than with the dialyzers alone. This resulted in an increase in the minimum net Al removal from 1,862 +/- 174 micrograms/treatment to 3,007 +/- 43 micrograms/treatment (P less than 0.05). Treatment with sorbent hemoperfusion should be considered in selected hemodialysis patients being treated with DFO for Al overload.     

血液灌流联合血液透析对维持性血液透析患者微炎症状态的影响

目的探讨血液灌流（hemoperfusion,HP）联合血液透析（hemodialysis,HD）对中分子物质的清除效果,及对维持性血液透析患者微炎症状态的影响。方法选择28例维持性血液透析患者自身对照研究,HP联合HD治疗时间为3个月。血液灌流开始前及治疗后3个月时采集血样测定尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（SCr）、C反应蛋白（CreactiveProtein,CRP）、胆微球蛋白（β2-mieroglobin,β2-MG）水平。结果HP联合HD治疗前与治疗后第3个月的尿素氮、血肌酐相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,HP联合HD治疗前与治疗后第3个月的C反应蛋白、82微球蛋白相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P（0．01）。结论HP联合HD可以明显清除血液中分子物质,降低维持性血液透析患者血β2-MG和CRP水平,改善维持性血液透析患者微炎症状态。     

血液灌流对维持性血液透析患者微炎症状态的影响

目的探讨血液灌流治疗对维持性血液透析患者微炎症状态的影响。方法选择我院血液净化中心维持性血液透析患者60例,随机分为治疗组（男18例、女12例）和对照组（男16例、女14例）。另选择20名健康人作为正常组,监测治疗前后超敏C反应蛋白（hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP）、同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,HCY）、降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）以及营养学指标（血浆白蛋白、血浆前白蛋白、血红蛋白）的变化。结果与正常组相比,维持性血液透析患者的炎症因子hsCRP、HCY、PCT水平均显著升高,而血浆白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白等营养学指标水平均显著降低。血液灌流治疗6周、12周后,治疗组CRP、HCY、PCT水平明显降低,血浆白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白明显升高,且随着时间延长,变化愈明显。结论血液灌流治疗可降低血hs—CRP、HCY、PCT水平,升高血门蛋白、前白蛋白和血红蛋白水平,显著改善维持性血液透析患者微炎症状态和营养状态。随治疗时间的延长,效果更加明显。