混配农药对小鼠脑组织一氧化氮及ATP酶活性的影响

目的探讨混配农药对小鼠脑组织一氧化氮及ATP酶活性的影响。方法将80只小鼠随机分为1个对照组,1个单剂农药染毒组和2个混配农药染毒组,选用丙溴磷、氰戊菊酯和灭多威3种农药以不同的种类和剂量进行混配,经灌胃染毒,24h后测其脑组织中一氧化氮（NO）的浓度及Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶和Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶的活性。结果混配农药染毒组小鼠脑组织NO的浓度及Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶和Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶的活性较对照组显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,混配农药染毒组小鼠脑组织NO的浓度及Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶和Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶的活性比相应剂量丙溴磷染毒组显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论混配农药可造成小鼠脑组织一氧化氮浓度及ATP酶活性降低,这种改变可能是混配农药所致中枢神经系统功能异常的机制之一。     

甲醛和苯对小鼠睾丸总抗氧化能力和ATP酶及钙的影响

目的探讨甲醛和苯对小鼠睾丸总抗氧化能力和ATP酶及钙的影响及二者联合毒效应的类型。方法采用昆明种雄性小鼠54只随机等分为9组，按3×3析因设计要求设9个染毒组，甲醛和苯染毒剂量分别为0、5、10mg／kg和0、100、400mg／kg，连续灌胃染毒5d，35d后处死小鼠取睾丸制作匀浆液测Na^＋-K^＋-ATP、Ca^＋-Mg^＋-ATP酶活性、Ca^2＋含量和总抗氧化能力。结果甲醛和苯各染毒组小鼠睾丸总抗氧化能力、Na^＋-K^＋-ATP、Ca^2＋-Mg^＋-ATP酶活性和Ca^2＋含量与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01），并有量-效关系，甲醛和苯之间的联合毒性效应是协同作用。结论甲醛和苯能抑制小鼠睾丸Na^＋-K^＋-ATP、Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶的活性、降低总抗氧化能力和提高Ca^2＋的含量，二者对这些指标的影响表现为协同毒效应，这可能是甲醛和苯对生殖功能损伤的机制。     

维生素E对大鼠肝线粒体酶活性的影响

目的观察维生素E（VE）补充对大鼠肝线粒体ATP酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法Wistar大鼠随机分成4组，对照组、VE1、VE2和VE3干预组；对照组给予普通饲料，3个干预组均喂饲添加维生素E的饲料，剂量分别为335，1340，5025mg／kg饲料，喂养10周后，摘取肝脏提取线粒体，测定Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca2^＋-Mg^＋-ATP酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性及丙二醛（MDA）的含量。结果VE1组与对照组相比，SOD、GSH—Px、Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca2^＋-Mg2^＋-ATP酶活性显著升高（P〈0．05），MDA水平显著降低（P〈0．05）。VE2、VE3组与对照组相比未见改善。VE2、VE3和VE1组相比，SOD、GSH—Px、Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca2^＋-Mg^＋-ATP酶活性显著降低（P〈0．05），MDA水平显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论补充适量VE（335mg／kg）能显著增强大鼠肝线粒体ATP酶活性及氧化能力；较高剂量VE；（1340，5025mg／kg）组未能改善大鼠肝线粒体ATP酶活性及抗氧化能力。     

混配农药对家兔诱发电位及脑组织ATP酶的影响

目的研究混配农药对家兔中枢神经系统功能的影响及其机制。方法将家兔随机分为混配农药染毒A组（丙溴磷与氰戊菊酯混配染毒组）、混配农药染毒B组（丙溴磷与灭多威？昆配染毒组）和1个对照组，每组6只。3个染毒组分别给予3种染毒剂量进行染毒，于染毒前后进行家兔体感染诱发电位（SEP）及染毒后大脑组织三磷酸腺苷（ATP）酶活力的测定。结果与对照组比较，2个混配农药染毒组的高剂量组染毒后SEP的N1、P1、N2波潜伏时均显著延长（P〈0．01），2个混配农药染毒组的高中剂量组染毒后的Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶的活力明显下降（P〈0．05。P〈0．01）。结论一定剂量的混配农药可导致家兔中枢神经系统功能的的改变，这种改变可能与大脑组织中N^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca^2＋-Mg^2^＋-ATP酶活力的下降有关．     

铅对家兔脑组织血管内皮物质及ATP酶活力的影响

目的探讨铅对家兔脑组织一氧化氮含量及ATP酶活力的影响及其机制。方法将32只家兔随机分为1个对照组和高、中、低3个染铅剂量组。经不同剂量醋酸铅灌胃染毒5d后,测定各组脑组织中内皮素（ET）、一氧化氮（NO）的含量及Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶和Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶的活力。结果高、中剂量染毒组ET浓度较对照组显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,3个剂量染毒组NO浓度均较对照组显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;高、中剂量染毒组Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶活力均较对照组显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论铅可造成家兔脑组织血管内皮活力物质及ATP酶活力的异常,这种改变可能与铅所致中枢神经系统功能损害有关。     

太极拳运动对中老年人血清中抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化物含量的影响

目的 探讨太极拳锻炼对中老年人抗自由基损害能力的影响。方法 选取72名练习太极拳的中老年人为观察组,另选55名不练拳者为对照组,采两组研究对象的静脉血,对四项指标：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）进行定量测定。结果 观察组SOD、GSH－Px、CAT活性高于对照组（P＜0．05）,MDA含量低于对照组（P＜0．05）;性别间无差异（P＞0．05）;除SOD外,其余指标定量水平均与练拳时间有相关性（P＜0．01）。结论 太极拳锻炼能够提高中老年人抗氧化能力,减少自由基对机体的损伤,练拳时间越长,效果越好。     

低氧及跑台运动对大鼠心肌线粒体钙浓度的影响及机制探讨

目的探讨低氧及跑台运动对大鼠心肌线粒体钙及钠钾ATP酶和钙镁ATP酶活力的影响。方法大鼠分为常氧对照组、常氧运动组、低氧对照组和低氧运动组。用MPA-心功能分析系统记录血压和心率,用荧光分光光度法测心肌线粒体钙浓度,用化学比色法测心肌线粒体Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase和Ca^2＋Mg^2＋ATPase活力。结果①与常氧对照组比较,常氧运动组和低氧运动组心肌线粒体ca“浓度升高（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）,低氧对照组降低（P〈0．05）;与低氧对照组比较,常氧运动组和低氧运动组也升高（P〈0．01）。②与常氧对照组比较,常氧运动组和低氧运动组心肌线粒体Na^＋．K^＋．ATPase活力升高（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,低氧对照组活力降低（P〈0．05）。③与常氧对照组比较,常氧运动组和低氧运动组心肌线粒体Ca^2＋Mg^2＋ATPase活力升高（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,低氧对照组活力降低（P〈0．05）。结论单纯低氧对大鼠心肌线粒体钙浓度的影响与运动的影响相反,Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase和Ca^2＋Mg^2＋．ATPase活力的改变是原因之一。     

中药防治硫酸镍对大鼠两种心肌酶活性及心电图影响的实验研究 .

目的：探讨扶正解毒汤（FJD）对硫酸镍（NiSO4)致心脏损伤的防治作用及其机理。方法：腹腔注射NiSO4染毒,FJD灌胃防治,检测心肌Na^ -K^ -ATP酶、Ca^2 -ATP酶活性,心电图和心肌病理,进行评价,结果：NiSO4组与NS组比较,两种酶活性均明显抑制（P＜0．001）,同时出现心肌病理和心电图异常。用FJD防治后,两种酶活性明显改善（P＜0．01）,心肌病理损伤和心电图恢复正常。结论：FJD可有效防治NiSO4对心肌的损伤,其机理与恢复心肌Na^ -K^ -ATP酶、Ca^2 -ATP酶活性有关。     

镉对大鼠Na+-K+-ATPase和Ca2+-ATPase影响的实验研究

目的 研究不同剂量镉对大鼠钠钾ATP酶(Na^ -K^ -ATPase)和钙ATP酶(Ca^ -ATPase)的影响,以探讨镉中毒的细胞分子学机制。方法 大鼠按体重随机分成4组,第1组为对照组,皮下注射0．9％氯化钠,第2～4组为镉染毒组,分别皮下注射3,5,7μmol／kg的氯化镉溶液,注射容量均为2ml／kg。染毒6周后,测定尿中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿蛋白、尿镉和肝、肾组织中Na^ -K^ -ATPase及Ca^2 -ATPase的活力。结果 随着镉染毒剂量的增加,各组大鼠尿LDH、尿蛋白和尿镉含量均逐渐递增,呈现明显的剂量-效应关系;同时,肝、肾组织中的：Na^ -K^ -ATPase和Ca^2 -ATPase活力也随之增加。结论 随着镉染毒剂量的增加,大鼠肝、肾组织损伤逐渐加重,同时伴随着细胞膜上Na^ -K^ -ATPase和Ca^2 -ATPase的变化,这可能与细胞内钙稳态的破坏有关。     

小鼠氧化乐果急性中毒后心肌组织ATP酶及自由基代谢的变化

目的观察小鼠氧化乐果急性中毒后心肌组织ATP酶活性水平和自由基的代谢,探讨氧化乐果急性中毒后心肌损害的发生机制。方法20只健康小鼠随机分为对照组和氧化乐果染毒组,每组10只。染毒组按25mg／kg腹腔注射氧化乐果,对照组注射生理盐水。30min后处死,分别测定两组小鼠心肌组织Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Mg^2＋-ATP酶和Ca^2＋-ATP酶活性．丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物峙化酶（SOD）、裕胱甘肽讨氢化物酶（GSH—Px）含量并进行比较。结果染毒组小鼠心肌组织Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Mg^2＋-ATP酶和Ca^2＋-ATP酶活性均明显低于对照组（6．48±2．64vs17．96±2．07、9．48±2．93vs21．18±3．10、10．06±2．43vs18．29±2．13）（均P〈0．05）,染毒组小鼠心肌组织SOD、GSH—Px含量明显低于对照组（5．21±1．59vs6．85±1．43、8．12±3．73vs11．96±3．98）（均P〈0．05）,而MDA含量高于对照组（4．98±1．76vs2．74±1．82）（P〈0．05）,上述差异均具有统计学意义。结论氧化乐果可影响心肌组织能量代谢和抗自由基水平,损害心肌;其机制可能与自由基引起的肌细胞脂质过氧化有关。     

2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英急性染毒对小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+-ATP酶活力的影响

目的 研究2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英(TCDD)对小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活力的影响.方法 将48只雌雄各半的昆明种小鼠按性别随机分为高、中、低剂量TCDD染毒组和对照组,每组雌雄各6只,TCDD染毒剂量分别为100、10、1 μg/kg,用腹腔注射的方式一次染毒,48 h后,测定脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ArrP酶活力.结果 雌性低剂量、中剂量染毒组和雄性高剂量染毒组小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶活力[分别为(17.35±3.07)、(16.13±2.42)、(20.25±2.72)μmolPi·mg pro-1·h-1]明显升高,与对照组[分别为(13.60±1.72)、(15.97±1.90) μmol Pi·mg pro-1·h-1相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).各染毒组小鼠Ca2+-ATP酶活力有增加的趋势,但与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 TCDD急性染毒能提高小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶的活力,且存在性别差异.     

2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英急性染毒对小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+-ATP酶活力的影响

目的 研究2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英(TCDD)对小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活力的影响.方法 将48只雌雄各半的昆明种小鼠按性别随机分为高、中、低剂量TCDD染毒组和对照组,每组雌雄各6只,TCDD染毒剂量分别为100、10、1 μg/kg,用腹腔注射的方式一次染毒,48 h后,测定脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ArrP酶活力.结果 雌性低剂量、中剂量染毒组和雄性高剂量染毒组小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶活力[分别为(17.35±3.07)、(16.13±2.42)、(20.25±2.72)μmolPi·mg pro-1·h-1]明显升高,与对照组[分别为(13.60±1.72)、(15.97±1.90) μmol Pi·mg pro-1·h-1相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).各染毒组小鼠Ca2+-ATP酶活力有增加的趋势,但与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 TCDD急性染毒能提高小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶的活力,且存在性别差异.     

库存血液在室温及37℃预热时钠钾ATP酶和钙镁ATP酶活性变化

目的:为了解库存血液在室温25℃及37℃水浴预热时Na -K ATP酶和ca2 -Mg2 ATP酶活性的变化,给大量输血病人血液预热提供指导.方法:应用比色法分别检测45例合格的库存血液,在不同温度下红细胞膜Na -K ATP酶和Ca2 -Mg2 ATP酶活性,并对结果进行分析.结果:室温25℃30 min红细胞膜Na -K ATP酶活性为0.0143±0.00328(μmol·Pi/107RBC·h),Ca2 -Mg2 ATP酶活性为0.0129±0.00401(μmol·Pi/107 RBC·h);室温25℃ 2 h红细胞膜Na -K ATP酶活性为0.0142±0.00305(μmol·Pi/107 RBC·h),Ca2 -Mg2 ATP酶活性为0.0132±0.00307(μmol·Pi/107 RBC·h);37℃10 min红细胞膜Na -K ATP酶活性为0.0152±0.00374(μmol·Pi/107 RBC·h),ca2 -Mg2 ATP酶活性为0.0131±0.00515(μmol·Pi/107 RBC·h).结论:库存血液预热能使红细胞膜Na -K ATP酶和ca2 -Mg2 ATP酶活性明显升高.     

镉对体外培养肾组织中Ca2+-ATPase的影响及尼莫地平的干预作用

目的 探讨镉对肾组织中Ca2+-ATPase的影响及尼莫地平(Nimo)对其的干预作用. 方法 在体外条件下,测定CdCl2对肾组织Ca2+-ATPase及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)、尿N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄苷酶(NAG)等多种肾损伤标志酶活力的作用及N imo干预处理后的影响.结果在低浓度CdCl2组,Ca2+-ATPase的活力明显升高,100 mg/L CdCl2组Ca2+-ATPase的活力为(42.12±3.35)μmol Pi.g-1 .h-1,与对照组[(31.23±2.59)μmol Pi.g-1.h-1]的差异有显著性(P＜0.05);而随CdCl2浓度升高,Ca2+-ATPase活力受到明显抑制, 200 mg/L CdCl2组的Ca2+-ATPase活力为(20.67±2.46)μmol Pi.g-1.h -1,明显低于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).而染镉前经Nimo预处理后,200 mg/L CdCl2+Nimo组的NAG活力,100、150、200 mg/L CdCl2+Nimo组的LDH活力及150、200 mg/L CdCl2+Nimo组的ALP活力均低于单纯染CdCl2组,差异有显著性( P＜0.05);100 mg/L CdCl2+Nimo组的Ca2+-ATPase活力低于、而200 mg /L CdCl2+Nimo组则高于单纯CdCl2组,差异均有显著性(P＜0.05). 结论 CdCl2对Ca2+-ATPase活力的影响是双相的,Nim o可部分解除CdCl2对Ca2+-ATPase活力的抑制,并具有减轻镉性肾损伤的能力 .     

2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英急性染毒对小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+-ATP酶活力的影响

目的 研究2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英(TCDD)对小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活力的影响.方法 将48只雌雄各半的昆明种小鼠按性别随机分为高、中、低剂量TCDD染毒组和对照组,每组雌雄各6只,TCDD染毒剂量分别为100、10、1 μg/kg,用腹腔注射的方式一次染毒,48 h后,测定脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ArrP酶活力.结果 雌性低剂量、中剂量染毒组和雄性高剂量染毒组小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶活力[分别为(17.35±3.07)、(16.13±2.42)、(20.25±2.72)μmolPi·mg pro-1·h-1]明显升高,与对照组[分别为(13.60±1.72)、(15.97±1.90) μmol Pi·mg pro-1·h-1相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).各染毒组小鼠Ca2+-ATP酶活力有增加的趋势,但与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 TCDD急性染毒能提高小鼠脑组织中Na+-K+-ATP酶的活力,且存在性别差异.     

Enhancement of Ca2+-sensitive myosin ATPase activity by cadmium

The effects of Cd²⁺ on Ca²⁺-sensitive myosin ATPase activity were examined. In the absence of Ca²⁺, the Ca²⁺-dependent myosin ATPase activity was enhanced by Cd²⁺ to the same extent as with Ca²⁺ at concentrations ranging from 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻³ M. At 10⁻² M, however, no activation was observed. Zn²⁺, Co²⁺, and Sr²⁺ also activated the myosin ATPase. Sr²⁺ and Co²⁺ were less effective. Hg²⁺, Cr³⁺, and Cu²⁺ were essentially inactive. In the presence of below 10⁻³ M Ca²⁺, the increase in the enzyme activity observed on the addition of Cd²⁺ was in addition to that caused by Ca²⁺ alone. The ability of metal ions to activate myosin ATPase was compared with that to activate calmodulin-dependent cAMP phosphodiesterase. The activating effects of the metal ions tested were in the order of Ca²⁺ > Cd²⁺ > Zn²⁺ > Co²⁺ > Sr²⁺ for Ca²⁺-sensitive myosin ATPase and Ca²⁺ > Cd²⁺ > Sr²⁺ > Zn²⁺ > Hg²⁺ > Co²⁺ for cAMP phosphodiesterase. Cd²⁺ activated both enzyme activities most efficiently among the metal ions tested except Ca²⁺. These results indicate that Cd²⁺ is able to substitute for Ca²⁺ in the case of Ca²⁺ dependent enzymes, regardless of whether or not calmodulin participates in the activating process.     

Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase of mouse cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum is affected by membrane n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content

White mice, 18-20 g, were fed purified diets containing two weight percent safflower oil plus ten weight percent menhaden, corn, or olive oil for 2 wk. Menhaden oil ingestion resulted in significantly higher levels of 22:6(n-3) and 20:5(n-3), particularly 22:6(n-3), and lower levels of 20:4(n-6) and 18:2(n-6) in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) phospholipids than did corn or olive oil ingestion. These changes in fatty acid composition resulted in a significant decrease in the value of the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio of cardiac SR phospholipids. The ratio was 2.8 versus 0.2 in choline phospholipids and 1.9 versus 0.2 in ethanolamine phospholipids in SR of mice fed corn or menhaden oil, respectively. This reduction in the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio was associated with a lower relative activity of Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase, and a lower initial rate of calcium transport and maximum calcium uptake in SR vesicles from mice fed menhaden oil rather than olive or corn oils. The specific activity of NADPH cytochrome C reductase (EC 1.6.2.3) of cardiac SR was not affected by dietary lipids. These data indicate that modification of SR by 22:6(n-3) may change the SR bilayer structure resulting in alteration of the calcium transport properties of SR vesicles. In addition, our results suggest that reduction of calcium flux across cardiac SR following fish oil consumption may also reduce the susceptibility of myocytes to rapid changes in calcium concentrations which may occur during ischemia and reperfusion.     

Gossypol and Na+, K+ ATPase from human erythrocytes

The inhibition of Na+, K+ ATPase by gossypol has been proposed as a mechanism for the hypokalemia occurring in some patients receiving this drug. Gossypol acetic acid, 3 microM (higher concentration than present clinically), did not inhibit this enzyme prepared from erythrocytes from 5 humans. Thus, it is unlikely that gossypol inhibition of the usual form of this enzyme is the mechanism for the initiation of the hypokalemia.     

Influence of eicosapentaenoic acid and vitamin E on brain cortex Ca2+ ATPase activity in cholesterol-fed rabbits

The influence of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and vitamin E on brain cortex Ca2+ ATPase activity was examined in rabbits receiving cholesterol-rich diets for a period of 45 days. Rabbits were divided as control (A) and cholesterol-fed groups (B, C, and D). Group C received 80 mg of EPA and group D received 100 IU of vitamin E every day in addition to the cholesterol-rich (2%, w/w) diet which was solely given to Group B. Rabbits receiving cholesterol alone had a significant reduction in brain microsomal phospholipid level. Microsomal free cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were significantly increased in all experimental groups. Cortex microsomal Ca2+ ATPase activity was found to be inhibited in all cholesterol-fed rabbits as compared to controls, but the highest inhibition was seen in rabbits fed cholesterol alone. Additions of EPA or Vitamin E to the cholesterol-rich diets resulted in a recovery of the enzymatic activity. It is concluded that cholesterol feeding without any addition of PUFA or antioxidant agent might cause an inhibition of brain Ca2+ ATPase activity in rabbits, thereby leading to the dysfunction in ion transport and neurotransmitter release.