淫羊藿苷对不同月龄大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450的影响

目的 揭示淫羊藿苷(Ica)对大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450的含量及部分亚型的影响,并比较月龄的差异.方法 ig给予6月龄和18月龄的♂SD大鼠Ica( 60 mg· kg -1),4周后取肝脏,用钙沉淀法提取肝微粒体,BCA法测定微粒体蛋白浓度;用一氧化碳还原差示光谱法测定CYP450的含量;用ELISA法测定CYP1 A1、CYPb5的含量;用比色法测定苯胺羟化酶(反映CYP2E1活性)和红霉素-N-脱甲基酶(反映CYP3A活性)的活性;用real - time RT - PCR检测CYP1 A1、CYP2A3、CYP2E1、CYP3A1、CYP3A2和CYP4B1 mRNA的表达.结果 60 mg· kg-1 Ica明显增加了CYP450的总酶和CYP1 A1的含量、CYP3A的活性及CYP1 A1、CYP3A1、CYP3A2 mRNA的表达,降低了CYP2E1的活性及其mRNA的表达;但Ica对上述各指标的诱导或抑制作用在大鼠月龄方面差异不明显;Ica对CYPb5的含量及CYP2A3、CYP4B1 mRNA的表达未见明显影响.结论 Ica对大鼠肝微粒体CYP450总酶、CYPI A1和CYP3A具有诱导作用,对CYP2E1具有抑制作用,该作用未见明显月龄差异.     

人参皂苷Re对H9c2心肌细胞CYP450酶的影响

目的观察人参皂苷Re对H9c2心肌细胞色素P450酶的影响,旨在发现人参皂苷Re对心肌细胞作用的分子机制。方法实验分对照组、人参皂苷Re各剂量组(1、5、10、50、100μmol·L~(-1))处理组,人参皂苷Re作用6、24、36、48及60 h后提取RNA或蛋白进行测定。利用实时定量PCR法检测H9c2心肌细胞CYP2C11、CYP2J3、CYP4A1、CYP4A3、CYP4F4及ANP mRNA的表达;采用Western blot法检测心肌细胞CYP4A1和CYP2J3蛋白的表达。结果人参皂苷Re明显上调心肌细胞CYP2C11、CYP2J3 mRNA的表达至正常对照的1.6、1.8倍,明显下调CYP4A1、CYP4A3及CYP4F4 mRNA的表达至正常对照的0.4、0.15、0.3倍。人参皂苷Re明显上调ANP基因表达水平至正常对照的3.2倍。随着药物浓度的增加,人参皂苷Re对CYP4A1蛋白表达产生明显的下调作用,而对CYP2J3蛋白产生明显的上调作用。结论人参皂苷Re可影响心肌细胞的CYP450酶和ANP基因的表达。     

某市嘉陵江水中提取物对大鼠肝细胞AHR信号途径的诱导

目的研究某市主城区嘉陵江水中有机污染物对大鼠肝细胞细胞色素P450 1A1(cytochrome P450 1A1,CYP1A1)基因表达和7-乙氧基-3-异吩嗯唑酮.脱乙基酶(7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase,EROD)活力的诱导,比较不同剂量的有机提取物诱导大鼠肝细胞CYP1A1基因表达量和EROD酶活力的变化。方法将大鼠分为2、12和72 L/(kg体重)3个染毒组及1个玉米油溶剂对照组和1个空白对照组,每组20只动物,雌雄各半,灌胃染毒13周。染毒结束,提取大鼠肝细胞总RNA进行CYP1A1基因的RT-PCR扩增,将肝组织匀浆后测定其EROD酶活力。结果各染毒剂量组CYP1A1基因均有表达,空白对照和溶剂对照组CYP1A1基因不表达;中剂量组与高剂量组CYP1A1的相对表达量与低计量组相比,增加非常显著(P<0.01),各染毒组大鼠肝组织均可检出EROD酶活力,EROD酶活力随染毒剂量的增加而增加。结论嘉陵江水中有机污染物可诱导大鼠肝细胞芳烃受体(aryl hydrocarbon receptor,AHR)途径。     

CYP3A4沉默细胞株建立及其对三氯乙烯毒性的影响

目的构建CYP3A4基因沉默载体,转染L02肝细胞,建立CYP3A4沉默细胞株并观察其对三氯乙烯毒性的影响。方法根据GenBank提供的CYP3A4基因mRNA序列设计合成shRNA,将shRNA连接到pLKO.1-puro中,将已经构建的慢病毒载体对293FT细胞进行转染,收集病毒上清,感染正常L02肝细胞。用嘌呤霉素进行筛选得到CYP3A4沉默细胞株,通过荧光定量PCR和Western blot对细胞株进行鉴定。用不同剂量三氯乙烯对正常L02肝细胞和CYP3A4沉默细胞进行染毒12h,观察凋亡基因(Bcl-2、Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9)和癌基因(c-fos、c-myc、K-ras、p53)表达变化。结果测序证明插入pLKO.1-puro载体的干扰序列与设计的序列一致,荧光定量PCR检测CYP3A4沉默细胞CYP3A4基因表达比正常L02肝细胞下降77.3%,Western blot实验显示CYP3A4沉默细胞CYP3A4蛋白表达水平比正常L02肝细胞下降84.6%。CYP3A4沉默细胞经三氯乙烯染毒后Bcl-2表达水平显著高于L02细胞的表达水平;Caspase-3表达水平无明显改变;Caspase-8仅在TCE高剂量组表达下降;Caspase-9在TCE剂量≥1.0 mmol/L表达水平下降;癌基因c-fos、c-myc、k-ras和p53表达水平都有一定程度下降,部分剂量组存在显著差异(P0.05或P0.01)。结论三氯乙烯对正常肝细胞和CYP3A4沉默细胞凋亡基因和癌基因表达存在明显差异,提示CYP3A4是三氯乙烯在体内代谢的重要因素,与三氯乙烯毒性存在一定关系。     

体外研究人细胞色素P450在雌二醇代谢中的作用(英文)

目的:研究雌二醇在cDNA表达的P450和人肝微粒体中的代谢机制,为在体内研究细胞色素P450活性与肿瘤发生的关系提供依据。方法:用HPLC-ECD法测定雌二醇的代谢产物。通过雌二醇在不同cDNA表达的P450中代谢,13例人肝微粒体中相关性研究,抑制剂对代谢的影响以及微粒体中17β-羟基脱氢化和2-羟基化代谢的催化动力学的研究来推断雌二醇的代谢机理。结果:在cDNA表达的P450中,催化2-羟基化代谢的P450按活性排列依次为CYP1A2、CYP3A4、CYP2C9。CYP2C9、CYP2C19和CYP2C8均具有较高的催化17β-羟基脱氢化活性。抑制CYP1A2与抑制CYP3A4对2-羟基化代谢产物生成的影响相似,可认为CYP1A2和CYP3A4在人肝微粒体中催化2-羟基化代谢的作用相近。雌二醇代谢的途径与底物浓度有关,低浓度时(1,10μmol/L)17β-羟基脱氢化为主要代谢途径;高浓度时(100μmol/L),2-羟基化成为主要代谢途径。结论:高底物浓度时,雌二醇主要由CYP1A2和CYP3A4催化代谢为2-羟基化产物。低底物浓度时,主要由CYP2C9、CYP2C19和CYP2C8催化生成17β-羟基去氢化产物。     

地非三唑对大鼠肝细胞细胞色素P450 CYP1A1/2的诱导作用

目的试从mRNA表达水平阐明地非三唑对鼠肝微粒体中细胞色素P450 CYP1A1/2的诱导机制。方法给SD大鼠腹腔注射地非三唑,采用Tr-izol法提取大鼠肝脏RNA,用RT-PCR测定经地非三唑处理1,2及4d的鼠肝中细胞色素P450 CYP1A1,CYP1A2 mRNA的表达水平。结果地非三唑处理不同时间的鼠肝细胞中细胞色素P450CYP1A1,CYP1A2 mRNA的表达水平比空白对照组明显增加,空白对照组CYP1A1吸光度比值为0.270±0.040,诱导1,2及4d的吸光度比值分别为0.343±0.055,0.417±0.045及0.603±0.083;空白对照组的CYP1A2吸光度比值为0.613±0.189,而诱导1,2及4d的吸光度比值分别为1.510±0.226,3.057±0.518及4.120±0.458。随着诱导时间的增加,细胞色素P450 CYP1A1及CYP1A2 mRNA的表达也逐步增加,诱导时间与表达水平之间存在一定的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9984和0.9563。结论地非三唑对细胞色素P450 CYP1A1/2 mRNA表达具有诱导作用。     

地非三唑对大鼠肝细胞细胞色素P450 CYP1A1/2的诱导作用

目的 试从mRNA表达水平阐明地非三唑对鼠肝微粒体中细胞色素P450 CYP1A1/2的诱导机制。方法 给SD大鼠腹腔注射地非三唑，采用Trizol法提取大鼠肝脏RNA,用RT-PCR测定经地非三唑处理1, 2及4 d的鼠肝中细胞色素P450 CYP1A1, CYP1A2 mRNA的表达水平。结果 地非三唑处理不同时间的鼠肝细胞中细胞色素P450 CYP1A1, CYP1A2 mRNA的表达水平比空白对照组明显增加，空白对照组CYP1A1吸光度比值为0.270±0.040, 诱导1, 2及4 d的吸光度比值分别为0.343±0.055, 0.417±0.045及0.603±0.083；空白对照组的CYP1A2吸光度比值为0.613±0.189, 而诱导1，2及4 d的吸光度比值分别为1.510±0.226, 3.057±0.518及4.120±0.458。随着诱导时间的增加，细胞色素P450 CYP1A1及CYP1A2 mRNA的表达也逐步增加，诱导时间与表达水平之间存在一定的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9984和0.9563。结论 地非三唑对细胞色素P450 CYP1A1/2 mRNA表达具有诱导作用。     

Caspase抑制剂F1013对大鼠肝CYPs含量及其主要亚型mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨Caspase抑制剂F1013对大鼠肝CYPs含量及其主要亚型CYP1A2,CYP2D1,CYP2E1,CYP2C11,CYP3A1 mRNA相对表达水平的影响。方法:Wistar大鼠40只,随机分成空白组、诱导剂组、F1013低、中、高剂量组。空白组和诱导剂组分别灌胃给予0.9%氯化钠溶液和地塞米松50 mg·kg-1.d-1,F1013低、中、高组分别肌内注射F1013 1.25,2.5,5.0 mg·kg-1.d-1,每日1次,连续6 d。取大鼠肝组织制备肝微粒体,测定微粒体蛋白浓度及CYP总酶含量。并采用实时定量荧光RT-PCR法分析大鼠CYP各主要亚型mRNA的相对表达水平。结果:F1013低、中、高组肝微粒体CYP总酶含量与空白组比有显著增高(P<0.05),提示该药对CYP总酶有诱导作用。低剂量组CYP2D1酶活性显著升高(为空白组2.54倍,P<0.05);中剂量组CYP1A2及CYP2E1酶活性显著升高,分别为空白组4.24和2.46倍(P<0.05);3个剂量的F1013对CYP2C11均无显著诱导作用。结论:F1013在1.25,2.5,5.0 mg.kg-1剂量范围内,可显著诱导CYP总酶活性。F1013 1.25 mg·kg-1可诱导CYP 2D1 mRNA表达,2.5 mg·kg-1剂量可诱导CYP1A2及CYP2E1 mRNA的表达,其诱导机制可能与升高各主要亚酶mRNA相对表达水平有关。     

重组人胸腺肽α1对大鼠肝组织细胞色素P450基因表达的影响

目的评价重组人胸腺肽α₁（rh-Tα₁）对大鼠肝组织细胞色素P450（CYP450）基因表达的影响。方法SD大鼠经腹腔注射不同剂量的rh-Tα₁（150、300和600μg/kg）,14 d后从肝组织中提取总RNA,应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测CYP3A1、CYP1A2和CYP2E1 mRNA的表达。结果与空白对照组相比,rh-Tα₁可显著诱导CYP3A1、CYP 1A2和CYP 2E1的基因表达。结论rh-Tα₁通过诱导CYP450酶系的mRNA表达影响其活性。     

Cocktail探针药物法评价灯盏花素对大鼠CYP450体内代谢活性的影响

目的用Cocktail探针药物法研究灯盏花素对大鼠CYP1A2、CYP2C9、CYP2E1和CYP2D6体内代谢活性的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为3组,空白对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组。低剂量组和高剂量组分别尾静脉给予灯盏花素粉针剂1.8,5.4 mg.kg-1.d-1,空白对照组给予生理盐水,共14 d。各组分别于第15 d注射Cocktail探针溶液,用HPLC检测各探针药物的血药浓度,用DAS2.0计算药代动力学参数,评价相应的CYP450亚型的体内代谢活性。结果高剂量组美托洛尔的AUC和t1/2显著高于空白对照组,CL显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05)。低剂量组美托洛尔虽然也有相同趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组咖啡因、氯唑沙宗和甲苯磺丁脲的主要药代动力学参数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论高剂量灯盏花素粉针剂可明显抑制大鼠CYP2D6的体内代谢活性,而对CYP1A2、CYP2E1和CYP2C9无显著性影响。     

中药止咳橘红颗粒对CYP3A4和CYP1A2抑制作用的研究

目的：在人体内研究止咳橘红对CYP3A4和CYP1A2的抑制作用，以预测止咳橘红与常用临床药物的相互作用。方法：咪哒唑仑和咖啡因分别作为CYP3A4和A2的探针药物，采取交叉设计，10名受试者在服用3d止咳橘红的前后均服用7.5mg咪哒唑仑和100mg咖啡因，服药后采血测定两者及代谢产物的代谢动力学参数，探讨针药物及代谢物的浓度用HPLC-MS法测定，Cmax,tmax从药时曲线中直接读出，AUC用梯形法计算，Ke用3P87程序进行拟合计算，分析服药前后CYP3A4和CYP1A2被抑制的情况，结果 服用止咳橘红后，咪哒唑仑的代谢受到了轻微的抑制，它的血药浓度，达峰时间和药时曲线下面积都有了升高趋势，但无显著差异。而咖啡因的代谢未受到影响。结论 止咳橘红对CYP3A4的活性有较弱的抑制作用，能够导致CYP3A4底物咪哒唑仑代谢的轻微抑制，而对CYP1A2的活性没有影响。止咳橘红长期使用或超过治疗剂量使用时是否会对CYP3A4产生显著性影响。尚需进一步的研究证明。     

CYP3A4,CYP3A5和MDR1基因多态性对环孢素处置的影响

环孢素是一个广泛用于器官移植患者的免疫抑制剂,具有治疗指数窄,不同个体间药代动力学差异较大的特点。它主要通过肝脏和小肠的CYP3A4和CYP3A5代谢;同时它又是药物转运体的底物。不同个体间药物代谢酶和转运体活性的差异可能是造成不同器官移植患者环孢素药代动力学差异的主要原因。而遗传因素即编码药物代谢酶和转运体基因序列的差异可能是其产生活性差异的分子机制。因此,从编码药物代谢酶和转运体的基因入手,可能会为器官移植患者提供最优的治疗方案。     

膀胱癌患者CYP1A1基因MSPI多态性的相关分析

目的探讨细胞色素CYP1A1基因MSPI多态性与膀胱癌遗传易感性的关系。方法应用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析技术,检测44例膀胱癌患者(病例组)和85例同期住院非膀胱癌患者(对照组),检测CYP1A1基因MSPI多态性位点的3种基因型及等位基因的分布频率。结果在病例组CYP1A1基因MSPI位点基因型分布频率为:TT(54·5%)、TC(36·4%)、CC(9·1%),等位基因分布频率为T(72·7%)、C(27·3%);在对照组CYP1A1基因MSPI位点基因型的分布频率为TT(61·2%)、TC(31·2%)、CC(7·1%),等位基因分布频率为T(77·1%)、C(22·9%)。各个基因型在两组中所占的比例差异无统计学意义(P>0·05);T、C等位基因频率两组比较差异亦无统计学意义(P>0·05)。结论CYP1A1基因MSPI位点多态性的单独存在可能与本地区膀胱癌易感性无关。     

The effect of the CYP1A2 *1F mutation on CYP1A2 inducibility in pregnant women

AIMS: To investigate the influence of the CYP1A2*1F mutation on CYP1A2 activity in smoking and nonsmoking pregnant women. METHODS: Pregnant women (n = 904) who served as control subjects in a case-control study of early fetal loss were investigated. They were phenotyped for CYP1A2 using dietary caffeine and the urinary ratio AFMU + 1X + 1 U/1,7 U. An assay for CYP1A2*1F using 5'-nuclease assay (Taqman) was developed to genotype the population. RESULTS: The frequencies of *1 A and *1F alleles among Swedish women were 0.29 and 0.71, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in CYP1A2 activity between the genotypes, although a trend towards enhanced activity was observed in *1F/*1F (log MRc 0.77) and *1F/*1 A (log MRc 0.82) genotypes compared with the *1 A/*1 A genotype (log MRc 0.71) (anovaP = 0.07). The mean difference between the *1 A homozygotes and the heterozygotes was 0.11 [95% confidence interval of the difference: (-0.21, -0.01)] and that between the *1 A and *1F homozygotes was 0.05 [95% confidence interval of the difference: (-0.13, 0.03)]. No significant effect (P = 0.22) of the *1F on CYP1A2 activity was observed in smokers, tested using an interaction term (smoking * genotype) in the anova model (*1F/*1F log MRc 0.79, *1F/*1 A log MRc 0.86, and *1 A/*1 A log MRc 0.73). In smokers, there was no difference in ratio between homozygotes for the *1 A and *1F alleles [mean difference -0.06; 95% confidence interval of the difference: -0.22, 0.11] or between *1 A/*1 A and *1 A/*1F genotypes [mean difference -0.13; 95% confidence interval of the difference: -0.29, 0.04]. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of the CYP1A2*1F mutation on CYP1A2 activity in smoking pregnant women could not be confirmed.     

Preferential induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in CCSP-positive cells.

Both benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) are potent ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR). Although animal studies indicate that both compounds induce pathological changes in the peripheral lung, the specific cell type involved remains unclear. Clara cells, expressing Clara cell specific protein (CCSP) and abundant in cytochrome P450, are nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells in the peripheral lung. Here we explore the hypothesis that CCSP-positive Clara cells are highly responsive to AhR ligands and are the primary cell type involved in BaP- and TCDD-induced toxicities. The responsiveness to AhR ligands was evaluated by measuring the respective mRNA and protein levels of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and 1B1 (CYP1B1) using real-time RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry assays. Two in vitro models were used: primary cultures of human small airway epithelial (SAE) cells and rat lung slice cultures. In the presence of calcium, human SAE cells differentiated into CCSP-positive cells. BaP- and TCDD-induced mRNA and protein levels of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 levels were significantly elevated in CCSP-positive cell cultures. Similarly, AhR mRNA and protein levels were increased in CCSP-positive cell cultures, as determined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. When rat lung slice cultures were treated with BaP or TCDD for 24 h, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 proteins were strongly induced in Clara cells. These results indicate that, in the peripheral lung of both rats and humans, CCSP-positive cells (Clara cells) may be more sensitive to AhR ligands than other cell types.     

多氯联苯对小鼠肝微粒体CYP1A1酶活力及其mRNA表达的影响

多氯联苯是一种含氯有机化合物，因为具有良好的物理化学稳定性，自发明并实现工业生产以来被广泛用于各生产领域。但由于其极高的亲脂性和高生物富集性，多氯联苯对生物体诸如免疫功能、激素代谢和生殖遗传等各个方面有重要影响。细胞色素CYP450是机体中混合功能氧化酶系中最重要的一族氧化酶，主要分布在肝脏，参与了包括药物、     

MicroRNA changes associated with atypical CYP1A1 inducer BMS-764459

The corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) receptor I antagonist, BMS-764459 (evaluated as a potential treatment of affective disorders), was orally dosed to female Sprague-Dawley rats once daily for 2 weeks (vehicle control or 175 mg/kg/day). To investigate the mechanism of BMS-764459-related liver weight increases, total liver RNA was isolated and evaluated for mRNA gene expression by microarray analysis (assessing the expression of approximately 24,000 genes) from snap-frozen tissue. Subsequently, mRNA and miRNA (microRNA) were also analyzed 5 years later from FFPE (Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded) samples via RT-PCR (about 800 miRNA evaluated). Genomic analyses showed that BMS-764459 induces AhR target genes with additional inductions of CYP2B, CYP3A, and Abcc3 consistent with the gene expression pattern of atypical CYP1A1 inducers. Analysis of miRNA expression identified a number of significantly affected miRNAs. To further evaluate their role in atypical CYP1A1 induction, an in silico evaluation of differentially expressed miRNA was performed and their putative mRNA 3′-UTR (untranslated region) binding sequences were evaluated. MiR-680 and miR-29a were identified as potential regulators and biomarkers of atypical CYP1A1 induction by regulating Abcc3, CYP3A and CYP2B as well as a number of AhR targeted genes.