经蝶窦显微手术结合X-刀治疗垂体侵袭性腺瘤

目的：报告8例垂体侵袭性腺瘤经蝶窦显微手术结合X－刀治疗的效果。方法：对于垂体侵袭性腺瘤，经蝶窦显微手术以解除肿瘤对视神经、视交叉的压迫为主，对不易切除的残余肿瘤行X－刀治疗。结果：通过临床症状、体征及影像学复查，随访7个月－2．5a，治疗效果明显。结论：对垂体侵袭性腺瘤采用经蝶窦显微手术结合X－刀治疗是安全有效的方法。     

颅眶沟通性肿瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨颅眶沟通性肿瘤的诊断、治疗及预后。方法 对１６例颅眶沟通性肿瘤的临床表现、病理、神经影像学诊断及手术治疗等进行分析。结果 经额颞眶顶入路手术１１例,经翼点入路手术５例,均病理证实。肿瘤全切除５例,近全切除８例,大部切除３例。脑膜瘤１０例,转移癌４例,神经鞘瘤和淋巴瘤各１例。脑脊液漏和颅神经损伤为主要并发症。本组随访最长２年,肿瘤全切除者均为脑膜瘤病例,未见复发;近全切除脑膜瘤病例经γ－刀     

显微手术切除结合γ刀治疗大型听神经瘤

目的 探讨大型听神经瘤的综合治疗方法。以降低面听神经的损伤率，预防并发症．方法 对28例大型听神经瘸患者采取显微镜下瘤内切除大部分肿瘤，粘连紧密的部分残余肿瘤二期行γ刀治疗，分析并总结显微手术及γ刀治疗的适应证、方法和技巧．结果 经过6-24个月的随访，本组患者未出现明显面听神经损害症状，恢复良好。结论 显微手术配合γ刀治疗大型听神经瘸能显著提高患者的生存质量，避免相关并发症的发生．     

残胃复发癌再手术24例分析

目的：探讨胃癌术后残胃复发癌的再手术治疗。方法：残胃切除１４例，吻合口局部切除２例，肿瘤未切除８例。结果：肿瘤切除的１６例中１４例获随访，１年内死亡５例；２年内死亡４例；３年内死亡１例；４例术后分别存活１８个月、１６个月、７个月和４个月，健在。肿瘤未切除的８例均在术后７个月以内死亡。结论：残胃复发癌以吻合口复发最多见，再手术行残胃切除能改善生活质量，延长生存期。     

囊性脑膜瘤的诊断与治疗

目的：探讨囊性脑膜瘤的诊断与治疗特点。方法　回顾性分析１７例囊性脑膜瘤的临床资料。结果：肿瘤全切除１２例,次全切除４例,无手术死亡。１例行γ－刀结合立体定向治疗,１年后痊愈。结论：囊性脑膜瘤发病率低,急性型所占比例高,临床易误诊。术前诊断应结合临床表现、影像学检查综合分析,ＭＲＩ对囊性脑膜瘤诊断价值较高。治疗上应根据不同Ｎａｕｔａ类型选择不同方法。     

颅内肿瘤的伽玛刀治疗

目的：总结γ－刀治疗颅内肿瘤经验。方法：应用ＯＵＲ旋转式γ－刀治疗颅内肿瘤４８６例,其中垂体瘤１１９例,脑转移瘤１４７例,胶质细胞瘤９４例,脑膜瘤５７例,听神经瘤３５例,松果体区肿瘤１９例,颅咽管瘤１０例,血管网状细胞瘤５例。结果：３５２例随访２～１８个月,其中显效６９例（１９．５％）,有效２３１例（６５．６％）,无效５２例（１４．８％）。结论：临床应用初步结果证实γ－刀治疗颅内肿瘤短期效果较为满意,是一种治疗颅内肿瘤安全和有效的手段之一。     

分阶段综合治疗胰头癌16例临床分析

分析减轻黄疸、介入化疗和手术切除“３阶段法”治疗大胰头癌的效果。方法收集本院近１年收治的１６例大胰头癌患者,采用上述“３阶段法”治疗。先行胆囊造瘘以缓解黄疸,１０ｄ－３个月后进行介入化疗尽量靠近胰十二指肠上下动脉,注入５氟尿嘧啶（５－ＦＵ）１－１．５ｇ,丝裂霉素８－１４ｍｇ、顺铂４０－６０ｍｇ,生长抑素１Ｕ。３周后进行手术结果１６例肿瘤均得以切除,其中常规胰十二指肠切除７例,区域性胰十二指肠切除９     

X—刀治疗肺部肿瘤34例结果分析

目的 分析Ｘ－刀对肺部肿瘤的治疗效果。方法 ３４例肺内恶性肿瘤（鳞癌１５例、腺癌５例、小细胞肺癌１０例、转移性癌４例）先给予常规外照射（前后野对穿照射）４０Ｇｙ后,休息５～７天,行Ｘ－刀治疗,平均照射剂量３０Ｇｙ（２４～４０Ｇｙ）。结果 治疗后１～３个月,ＣＴ及ＭＲＩ示：３０例原发肺部肿瘤中,２６例肿瘤缩小或消失,４例无变化,４例转移癌肿块明显缩小。全部病人中治疗后１２个月内死亡６例。结论 Ｘ－刀治疗肺部肿瘤是有效的,Ｘ－刀结合常规放疗对于肺部肿瘤的局部控制是有益的。     

经岩骨—小脑幕上下联合入路切除岩斜坡区域病变的手术研究

为研究治疗岩斜坡区病变的新手术入路，采用经岩骨－小脑幕上下联合入路切除岩斜坡区肿瘤。结果：共治疗１１例，全切除６例，全切除４例，部分切除１例，无严重合并症及死亡，随衣５－２９月，无明显复发，生活情况好。结果提示：本手术入路具有显露充分，操作距离近，对颞叶、小脑牵拉轻等优点。     

三叉神经鞘瘤的伽玛刀治疗

目的 回顾性分析评价伽玛刀(γ刀)对三叉神经鞘瘤的治疗作用。方法应用γ刀治疗三叉神经鞘瘤38例,其中8例为术后复发或残留,30例经MRI诊断首选γ刀治疗。肿瘤平均直径32mm,肿瘤的平均体积9cm^3。照射肿瘤的平均中心剂量为26Gy,平均周边剂量13Gy。结果 35例患者获随访,平均随访时间65个月。症状变化：首选γ刀治疗的患者12例症状完全消失,11例好转,9例症状无变化或轻微加重,3例因肿瘤增大症状加重。肿瘤变化：5例肿瘤消失,24例肿瘤缩小,2例肿瘤未增大,1例未复查MRI,3例肿瘤分别于γ刀术后5、26和60个月增大。其中1例肿瘤有间变,未再治疗;1例行手术切除大部肿瘤,肿瘤未增大;1例再次γ刀治疗,肿瘤再次缩小。本组肿瘤控制率91％。结论 γ刀对中小型三叉神经鞘瘤有良好的中长期控制作用,肿瘤控制剂量为13～14Gy。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.