A study of Chinese knee joint geometry for prosthesis design.

This study for the first time provides the geometric parameters of the knee joint of Chinese, which is indispensible to the design of knee prosthesis used for compatriotic patients. Thirty-five items, including linear, radial and angular measurements, were taken from 105 cadaveric knees and knee X-ray films of 1,100 subjects. The method and calculation for proper correction of the X-ray image magnification and joint cartilage space was established. Correlation was found to exist between the X-ray correction coefficients and the body weight, which formed the basis for individualized correction of X-ray measurements. Statistical analysis revealed that most of the linear and radial measurements were highly related while the angular measurements were independent of others. Principal component analysis showed that the width of femoral condyle might be taken as the leading index in determining the dimension of the knee, and regression functions were established to supply the serial parameters for prosthetic design. Multivariate discriminate functions could aid the selection of knee prosthesis.

     

Prevention and treatment of radiation-induced lung injury by hydroxypiperquin phosphate: a clinical and experimental study

While total body irradiation is widely used inpreconditioning for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), radiation-induced lung injury hasbecome one of the major reasons of transplantation-associated death. Khatibll] reported that the incidence of radiation-induced pneumonitis is 50% in 245patients who were irradiated with 9. IGy in HSCT. Asradiotherapy be used in the treatment of chest tumormore frequently, the tumor is controlled, hut the radiation-induced lung fibrosis can hard…     

Early débridement of the maxillofacial missile wound:an experimental study

Rapid debridement and 1% chlorhexidine iodine complex (CIC)wereused for treating badly cdntaminated and/or infected missile wounds 72 h after in-jury.The result showed that the combined use of the two methods proved to behighly effective in clearing out the necrotic tissues,bony debris and pathogenicbacteria,and in achieving primary healing.The problems about the extent andthe method of debridement in the early débridement of the fire-arm injury are dis-cussed in this paper.     

Treatment of hepatitis caused by cytomegalovirus with allitridin injection—An experimental study

Summary To demonstrate the anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) activity of allitridin injection (AI), an active anti-infection component of garlic, the invitro effects of AI on human CMV (HCMV) AD169 and 7 newly isolated strains from patients and itsin vivo effect on mice of murine CMV (MCMV) hepatitis were assessed. It was found that plaque reduction rate reached 63. 5 % after infected cells were treated with cell maximal tolerable concentration (7. 5 μg/ml) of AI. Meanwhile, flow cytometric analysis for effect of AI on expression of HCMV immediate-early antigen (IEA) showed that IEA inhibition rate of 7 isolated strains was in the range from 43. 3% to 66. 7%, with a mean of 58. 4 %, similar to that of AD169 strain (60. 5 %). On the other hand,in vivo anti-CMV activity of AI was evaluated in terms of liver pathological changes, liver function and viral replication. Six model mice with MCMV hepatitis received the treatment of AI for 2 weeks. The severity of liver damage, levels of sALT and MCMV IE genes expression in liver tissues in the treated mice were significantly lower than those of the corresponding untreated controls. Our results showed that AI had an obvious anti-CMV activity bothin vitro andin vivo. This project was supported by a grant from Hubei Public Health Bureau (No. 97252012).     

Effectiveness of two regeneration materials in autogenous tooth transplantation in larger sockets：an experimental study in beagle dogs

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of regenerous tissue and bone substitute in autogenous tooth transplantation in the larger recipient socket. Methods:In 3 Beagle dogs,18 incisors were transplanted to the recipient sockets,2 mm wider mesio-distally. The regenerous tissue group,the bone substitute group and the control group contained 7,7 and 4 teeth respectively. No additional material was used in control group. Clinical and radiographic examinations were done every month and were sacrificed 3 months later. Subsequently,decalcified sections were prepared for routine histological evaluation. Ordinal scores for root surface resorption were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results:All donor teeth survived. A statistically significant difference was found among all three treatment groups(P = 0.0001). The proliferating tissue in space positively affected the periodontal healing without any resorption. Inflammatory resorption of the root surface and formation of new bone were observed in the bone substitute group. Surface resorptions of the roots were found in the control group. Conclusion:Proliferating tissues enhance the regeneration of periodontal tissues in larger recipient sockets and prevent root resorption. Sinbone HT is beneficial for the stabilization of the transplanted teeth in larger sockets.     

An experimental and clinical study of liver fibrosis

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Effects of three kinds of topical eye-drops on the experimental rabbit dry eye.

We studied the ultrastructural changes of the corneal epithelium of the experimental rabbit dry eye and the effects of three topically applied eye-drops. Fourty rabbits were divided into experimental rabbit dry eye group, 0.1% bromhexine-treated group, 50% Chinese medicinal herb-treated group and 0.01% retinoic acid-treated group. Ten days after surgical removal of lacrimal gland, nictitating membrane and Harder's gland of the rabbit eyes, and corroding the conjunctiva with 50% trichloroacetic acid, the rabbit eyes showed typical dry eye signs. A lot of pathologic ultrastructural changes of the corneal epithelium were observed. Fourteen days after topically applying the three eye-drops, no significant effect was found on the ultrastructural changes of the dry eye corneal epithelium in the 0.1% bromhexine-treated and 50% Chinese medicinal herb-treated groups. However, in the 0.01% retinoic acid-treated eyes, normal microvilli and microplicae reappeared, denuded corneal epithelium was covered by new epithelial cells, no cell swelled, degenerated mitochondria recovered, basement membrane returned completely, and the completely recovered corneal epithelial cell count showed a significant difference compared with the control (P < 0.01). We conclude that removing the lacrimal gland, nictitating membrane and Harder's gland of rabbit eye, and corroding the conjunctiva with 50% trichloroacetic acid can result in rabbit dry eye and topically applying 0.01% retinoic acid can promote the recovery of the dry corneal epithelium.

     

Embolization of experimental wide-neck aneurysms with cellulose acetate polymer——the histological study

Objective To observe the histological changes of the experimental wide-neck aneurysms embolized with cellulose acetate polymer （CAP）-a kind of non-adhesive liquid embolic material. Methods The external carotid arteries and deep femoral arteries were ligated to make the artery-stump wide-neck aneurysms in three canines. Then CAP was injected into the aneurismal lumina. The aneurismal necks were clamped temporarily during injection.     

Influencing factors analysis of among middle aged and old aged spontaneous knee joint osteoarthritis pople in Xi＇an

Objective： To explore the prevalence rate of knee joint osteoarthritis and its pathogenetic features among the middle-aged and old aged people in the urban and rural area of Xi＇an. Methods： From May to October 2005, 1 538 Han nationality above 40 years in Xi＇an were investigated according to stratified and cluster random sampling. The same questionnaire was delivered to subjects who had been given normotopia and lateral position radiographic examination in both knees. Excluded from etiological arthritis, some subjects with clinical symptoms and a radiographic grade （beyond Kellgren ＆ Lawrence grade Ⅱ ） were finally diagnosed as spontaneous knee joint osteoarthritis. All analyses were performed with SPSS 13.0 and t test, U test. Single factor analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze dates. Results： The total prevalence of spontaneous knee joint osteoarthritis was 12. 1% with 2.5% and 2.1% for right and left knees, respectively. The prevalence of knee joint osteoarthritis in women was 2.5 times of that in men （17.2% vs 6.8%, P=0. 000）. the osteophyte prevalence in women was 2.3 times of that in men （26.5% vs 11. 4%, P=0. 000）. The prevalence of knee joint osteoarthritis and osteophyte increased with the growth of age. So did the symptomatic knee, except for the age group of 56- 60 years and 66-70 years. The prevalence of symptomatic knee joint for urban area was significantly higher than that for rural area （56. 3% vs 45. 3%, P=0. 003）. In women, the prevalence of knee joint osteoarthritis increased significantly with the increasing of body mass index, which had not been observed in men. Female and obesity are the risk factors for osteoarthritis, but bean and its products and meat could prevent the osteoarthritis. Conclusion： Old age, female and obesity serve as risk factors for knee joint osteoarthritis.     

壳多糖预防膝关节粘连的临床研究

研究医用壳多糖预防膝关节粘连的临床作用。方法：对３４例膝关节僵硬患者进行手术松解,其中１４例术后关节腔内涂布２％壳多糖,另２０例后不用壳多糖为对照组,观察术后膝关节伸屈活动改善程度以评定疗效。结果：本组３４例均获随访,随访时间８－３７个月,平均２５个月。     

几丁糖预防兔膝关节粘连的实验研究

以兔为动物模型，将膜关节造成实验性损伤，实验组于关节腔内放入２％几丁糖溶液０．５ｍｌ，对照组不放，下肢管形石膏固定，分别于３周，６周后处死，结果示：实验组膝关节活动度大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），大体标本粘连等级对照组重于实验组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。光镜，透射电镜组织学观察示：实验组粘连轻，纤维结缔组织少，细胞形态正常，基质胶原少，结果证实：几丁糖有预防兔外伤性膝关节粘连的作用。     

冰冻盐水灌注兔膝关节的实验研究

目的　观察兔膝关节内组织经冰冻盐水灌注后有无组织损伤、关节内组织血管收缩、疼痛减轻的作用。探讨其临床应用的可行性。方法　利用冰冻盐水进行兔膝关节灌注并与常温盐水对比 ,分别取灌注后 30、 6 0、 90、 12 0 min内各种组织行病理学检查 ,术后松绑家兔 ,观察家兔的活动情况及对疼痛刺激的反应。结论　 3℃以下的冰冻盐水对关节内组织有损伤 ,而 4℃～ 8℃的冰冻盐水对关节内组织无损伤且有收缩血管、减轻关节疼痛、关节功能恢复快的作用。结果　应用冰冻盐水在家兔膝关节灌注试验。 4℃～ 8℃的冰冻盐水对关节内组织无损伤且有收缩血管的作用 ,切取组织活检 ,术后疼痛较常温盐水反应轻。     

壳聚糖和尿囊素预防外科术后腹腔粘连效果的观察

目的:对比观察壳聚糖及尿囊素对术后腹腔粘连的预防作用,并探讨两者合用的协同作用及机理. 方法:成年纯种家兔96只制成粘连动物模型,随机分为对照组(A)、壳聚糖组(B),尿囊素组(C)和壳聚糖 尿囊素联合用药组(D),每组24只. 观察家兔术后一般情况, 并于术后1 wk和2 wk剖腹观察其腹腔粘连情况,按程度分级,切取标本行HE染色,显微镜下观察. 结果:粘连动物模型建立切实可靠,B,C组和D组粘连等级与A组比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且D组效果明显优于B,C组(P<0.05). 病理观察联合用药组炎性反应及纤维化程度均轻于对照组. 结论:术中应用壳聚糖和尿囊素均有预防术后腹腔粘连的作用,两者合用可产生协同作用.     

预防硬膜外粘连的实验研究

目的观察椎板切除术后用几丁糖(CHT)的同时在椎板缺损处植入人工骨(TCP)预防硬膜外瘢痕粘连的效果.方法40只日本大耳白兔,随机分成A、B、C、D四组,制作L4椎板损伤模型,A组硬膜外涂布生理盐水,B组硬膜外涂布几丁糖,C组硬膜外覆盖人工骨,D组硬膜外涂布几丁糖的同时加人工骨覆盖.术后12周经大体观察、生化检查、TGF-β免疫组化染色检查.结果几丁糖和人工骨有明显防硬膜外瘢痕粘连的效果.在实验中B、C、D组均优于A组,P＜0.01,D组为最佳防粘连方法,而B组与C组比较差异无显著性,P＞0.05.结论联合运用几丁糖和人工骨能有效地预防硬膜外瘢痕粘连及使骨引导因子在局部浓集利于骨缺损的修复.     

几丁糖预防屈肌腱粘连的临床效果

目的：观察几丁糖预防肌腱粘连的临床效果。方法：对Ⅱ区肌腱损伤４８例７２条肌腱断裂行一期修复,术中采用改良Ｋｅｓｓｌｅｒ法缝合肌腱,在肌腱鞘管内注入２％医用几丁糖０．５￣１．０ｍｌ,缝合皮肤。     

医用几丁糖注入家兔眼前房的实验研究

目的　实验观察医用几丁糖注入家兔前房可能引起的损害 ,探讨这种高分子物质在眼科的应用前景。方法　将 40只兔右眼前房注入 0 .1ml医用几丁糖 ,左眼前房注入平衡盐溶液作对照 ,术后观察角膜及前房的反应。结果　实验组与对照组的眼内反应 ,包括结膜充血、眼压变化、前房渗出、角膜内皮活细胞计数 ,差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。光镜、透射电镜观察细胞形态无明显异常。结论　医用几丁糖与平衡盐溶液在眼内反应相似 ,认为医用几丁糖作眼内注射是安全的。     

关节镜手术治疗58例急性膝关节损伤

[背景]探讨关节镜在急性膝关节损伤中的临床应用价值.[病例报告]给58例膝关节急性损伤关节积血患者行膝关节镜手术治疗,病程为3~10 d,其中3例为髌骨软骨骨折,6例为胫骨平台骨折,12例为半月板损伤,6例为前交叉韧带损伤,6例为内侧副韧带损伤,25例为滑膜损伤.术后膝关节功能恢复优良率为88.0%.[讨论]膝关节急性损伤关节积血患者宜尽早施行膝关节镜手术治疗.     

壳多糖对实验性家兔动脉粥样硬化的作用

目的 :观察壳多糖对实验性家兔动脉粥样硬化的影响。 方法 :采用高脂喂养的家兔动脉粥样硬化模型 ,实验分为普食组、高脂组、壳多糖高脂组、壳多糖普食组 ,第 0、4、8周空腹采血测定血脂含量 ,第 8周处死动物 ,制备主动脉标本 ,油红 O染色观察并测定降主动脉粥样硬化斑块面积 ,升主动脉 H- E染色。 结果 :第 4、8周壳多糖高脂组三酰甘油 (TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (L DL- C)均低于高脂组 (P<0 .0 5或 0 .0 1 ) ,普食组与壳多糖普食组血脂水平相似 ;壳多糖高脂组的斑块面积显著小于高脂组 [(30 .5 5± 7.5 0 ) % vs(5 6 .6 8± 7.1 1 ) % ,P<0 .0 1 ];H- E染色示壳多糖高脂组内膜增厚轻于高脂组。 结论 :壳多糖具有抗动脉粥样硬化作用 ,与其降低血脂有关     

膝关节损伤关节镜检查治疗156例分析

目的:探讨部队膝关节损伤关节镜检查特点和治疗效果。方法:回顾分析2002年9月至2005年8月共使用关节镜检查治疗并获得随访的156例部队伤病员。结果:经过术后2~8个月的随访,症状消失95例,显效35例,好转17例,无变化9例。142例恢复训练,14例退伍或停止训练,无一例并发感染。结论:关节镜下检查膝关节损伤具有明显特点,在诊断和治疗上具有重要的临床意义。