经皮穴位电刺激疗法对运动时大鼠血糖乳酸的影响

目的：观察经皮穴位电刺激疗法对大鼠运动疲劳发展过程中，血糖（GLU）、乳酸（LD）及心率的影响。方法：通过对大鼠不同运动疲劳阶段进行足三里穴经皮穴位电刺激处理．观察大鼠血糖浓度、乳酸含量及心率变化。结果：本疗法可以明显降低疲劳大鼠心率．边游泳边治疗组与游泳后治疗10次组优于游泳后治疗1次组：维持血糖浓度边游泳边治疗组优于游泳后治疗1次组：游泳后治疗1次组可显著降低血乳酸浓度。结论：边游泳边治疗组与游泳后治疗10次组优于游泳后治疗1次组．经皮穴位电刺激疗法在运动疲劳发生发展及恢复过程中均具有促进运动性疲劳恢复．加速乳酸清除等作用。     

慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期与支气管哮喘缓解期肺通气功能比较

目的：比较慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期和支气管哮喘缓解期肺通气功能。方法：用肺功能仪逐项对二者进行肺通气功能测定并进行分析。结果：二者的肺容积、分钟通气量及小气道功能有显著性差异。结论：慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期仍表现为阻塞性通气障碍，而支气管哮喘缓解期患者通气功能正常。     

脑外伤患者督脉穴位电刺激fMRI脑成像的初步观察

目的观察脑外伤患者督脉穴位电刺激的fMRI脑成像变化。方法对1例脑外伤患者进行命门穴和腰阳关穴经皮神经电刺激,对穴位刺激时的脑功能变化进行fMRI观察。结果与静息状态比较,电刺激时出现多个脑区激活。结论电刺激督脉可能会影响脑损伤后的神经可塑性过程。     

穴位不同针刺方式促进缺血性脑卒中手功能恢复的研究

目的:研究穴位不同针刺方式促进缺血性脑卒中手功能障碍的恢复。方法:将120例缺血性脑卒中手功能障碍的患者随机分为手针(AC)组、电针(EA)组、神经肌肉电刺激(NMES)组和假穴位刺激(Sham)组4组,每组各30例,所有的病例均接受常规的康复训练,手针组在此基础上增加手法针刺治疗,电针组则增加电刺激治疗,神经肌肉电刺激组则增加肌电刺激,治疗假穴位刺激组则接受假刺激治疗,穴位统一选择"曲池"和"外关"两穴,1次/d,30min/次,5d/周,共4周。所有的患者均于治疗前后采用简式Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评价表(FMU)、改良Barthel指数评定(MBI)对患者患侧上肢运动功能及日常生活活动能力进行评价。结果:治疗前4组患者的FMU评分和MBI评分差异无显著性意义(P0.05),治疗后4组患者FMU和MBI评分均有提高(P0.05)。组间比较,治疗后,手针组、电针组、神经肌肉电刺激组和假穴位刺激组相比,三组疗效指标FMU和MBI的前后变化值明显优于假穴位刺激组(P0.05)。神经肌肉电刺激组比电针组、手针组在改善上肢运动功能疗效指标FMU值更明显(P0.01),而电针组和手针组相比较,电针组比手针组改善上肢运动功能疗效指标FMU值更显著(P0.05)。神经肌肉电刺激、手针和电针三组在改善患者ADL能力疗效指标MBI评分上差异不显著(P0.05)。结论:三种穴位不同针刺方式均可改善缺血性脑卒中手功能障碍的运动功能和促进ADL能力的恢复,神经肌肉电刺激结合了电刺激和患者主动运动模式,比针刺刺激更有利于脑卒中后手功能的恢复。     

慢性阻塞性肺病患者呼吸功能及相关神经电生理研究初探

目的　初步研究慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD)患者肺功能及其相关神经电生理指标 ,并探讨二者之间的关系。方法　对 5 0例COPD患者进行肺功能及膈神经运动传导 (PNC)检测 ,以 3 0例因其他原因就诊并无呼吸系统疾患的患者作为对照。肺功能检测主要包括最大通气量 (MVV)、一秒率 (FEV1/FVC % )和残气容积 (RV/TLC % )。PNC检测是在胸锁乳突肌后缘中点用电刺激膈神经 ,于第 7～ 8肋间和剑突处记录膈肌复合动作电位(dCMAP)。结果　①COPD患者肺功能各项指标均为异常 ,MVV、FEV1/FVC %和RV/TLC %分别为(4 9.6± 18.8) %、(62 .5± 16.4) %和 (5 4.1± 8.0 ) %。② 2组PNC潜伏期比较 ,差异无统计学意义 ;dCMAP波幅比率比较 ,差异有统计学意义 ,即COPD患者的dCMAP波幅比率明显减低。结论　COPD患者dCMAP波幅比率减低可能与肺功能减退有一定关系 ,通过PNC检测可能为肺功能异常者提供膈肌功能障碍的信息。     

辨证施治穴位敷贴治疗慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期的效果研究

目的:观察辨证施治穴位敷贴治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases,COPD)稳定期的临床疗效。方法:将156例病人分为寒型治疗组和对照组,热型治疗组和对照组。治疗组,给予基础治疗加穴位敷贴;对照组给予基础治疗;观察寒型、热型患者治疗前后的中医证候、肺通气功能(FVC%、FEV1%、FEV1/FVC%)和免疫指标。结果:研究表明寒型慢性阻塞性肺病患者经穴位敷贴后,在中医证候、肺功能,免疫功能方面得到改善,热型慢性阻塞性肺病患者经穴位敷贴后,在中医证候方面得到改善,结论:穴位敷贴有改善患者中医证候积分、改善肺通气功能、提高免疫功能作用。     

韩氏经皮（穴位）神经电刺激疗法治疗非特异性下背痛的临床对比研究

下背痛中最常见的是非特异性下背痛(nonspecific low back pain，NLBP)，保守治疗是它的主要治疗方法。我们对韩氏经皮(穴位)神经电刺激疗法与药物治疗NLBP进行随机单盲对比观察，旨在探讨韩氏经皮(穴位)神经电刺激疗法在NLBP治疗中的应用价值。     

经皮穴位电刺激对微创经皮肾镜取石术留置尿管患者全麻苏醒期尿道刺激的影响

目的探讨经皮穴位电刺激对微创经皮肾镜取石术(minim ally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy,mPCNL)留置导尿管患者全麻苏醒期尿道刺激的影响。方法对60例实施mPCNL男性患者随机分为对照组和观察组各30例,对照组采用常规心理护理及宣教指导,观察组在对照组基础上应用韩氏穴位神经刺激仪(H.A.N.S)经皮穴位电刺激,由麻醉医生及巡回护士观察两组患者在全身麻醉苏醒拔管后至完全清醒30 min期间尿道刺激的反应程度。结果两组患者在麻醉苏醒期尿道刺激反应程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论经皮穴位电刺激无需药物即可降低泌尿外科mPCNL麻醉恢复期患者留置双J管、导尿管的刺激反应。     

吸入糖皮质激素联合噻托溴铵治疗哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺病重叠综合征33例分析

目的观察吸入糖皮质激素联合噻托溴铵治疗哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺病重叠综合征的效果。方法选择2016年4月～2017年5月收治的哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺病重叠综合征患者66例,根据治疗方案不同分为对照组33和治疗组33例,对照组吸入糖皮质激素治疗,治疗组应用吸入糖皮质激素联合噻托溴铵治疗,分析两组血气指标、气道重塑指标、肺功能、血清炎性因子、不良反应发生率。结果治疗组血气指标、气道重塑指标、肺功能、血清炎性因子优于对照组(P0.05);不良反应发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论应用吸入糖皮质激素联合噻托溴铵治疗哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺病重叠综合征,效果显著,既可改善临床症状及临床指标,又可减少不良反应发生率,值得临床推广应用。     

低频经皮穴位电刺激对软瘫期脑卒中患者手和上肢功能的影响

目的探讨低频经皮穴位电刺激对脑卒中后软瘫期患者手和上肢功能的影响。方法 32例软瘫期脑卒中患者随机分为治疗组(n=16)和对照组(n=16)。两组患者均接受常规康复,治疗组在此基础上增加经皮穴位电刺激,共6周。分别于治疗前及治疗2周、4周和6周时采用Fug1-Meyer量表上肢部分(FMA-UE)、运动功能状态量表(MSS)和改良Barthel指数(MBI)对患者进行评定。结果治疗2周、4周及6周后,治疗组FMA-UE、MSS和MBI评分均较治疗前提高,且呈上升趋势(P0.05);组间比较显示,治疗4周后治疗组MBI评分较对照组提高(P0.05),治疗6周后治疗组各指标均优于对照组(P0.05)。结论经皮穴位电刺激可进一步促进软瘫期脑卒中患者手和上肢功能的恢复。     

Effect of Acu-TENS on recovery heart rate after treadmill running exercise in subjects with normal health

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, applied at bilateral acupuncture points PC6 (Acu-TENS), on recovery heart rate (HR) in healthy subjects after treadmill running exercise. DESIGN: A single blinded, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Laboratory with healthy male subjects (n=28). INTERVENTIONS: Each subject participated in three separate protocols in random order. PROTOCOL A: The subject followed the Bruce protocol and ran on a treadmill until their HR reached 70% of their maximum (220-age). At this 'target' HR, the subject adopted the supine position and Acu-TENS to bilateral PC6 was commenced. PROTOCOL B: Identical to protocol A except that Acu-TENS was applied in the supine position for 45min prior to, but not after exercise. PROTOCOL C: Identical to protocol A except that placebo Acu-TENS was applied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Heart rate was recorded before and at 30s intervals after exercise until it returned to the pre-exercise baseline. The time for HR to return to baseline was compared for each protocol. RESULTS: Acu-TENS applied to bilateral PC6 resulted in a faster return to pre-exercise HR compared to placebo. Time required for HR to return to pre-exercise level in protocols A-C was 5.5+/-3.0; 4.8+/-3.3; 9.4+/-3.7 min, respectively (p<0.001). There was no statistical difference in HR recovery time between protocols A and B. Subjects expressed the lowest rate of perceived exertion score (RPE) at 70% maximum HR with protocol B. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that Acu-TENS applied to PC6 may facilitate HR recovery after high intensity treadmill exercise.     

The effect of cardiac rehabilitation on recovery of heart rate over one minute after exercise in patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation on the recovery of heart rate over 1 min after peak exercise of patients who received coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. DESIGN: Thirty subjects who received CABG surgery were randomly assigned to enter or not enter a cardiac rehabilitation exercise programme (cardiac rehabilitation n = 15; control group n = 15). SETTING: Outpatient cardiac rehabilitation centre in a national medical hospital. INTERVENTIONS: Patients assigned to the cardiac rehabilitation group received 36 sessions of the exercise programme, three times a week, with the intensity designed to achieve an individual 60-85% peak heart rate in cardiopulmonary exercise test. Patients assigned to the control group did not get further advice about a specific exercise programme. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Resting heart rate and recovery of heart rate over 1 min after a peak exercise test at discharge and three months later were collected. The heart rates were analysed with computer-recorded electrocardiogram. RESULTS: At follow-up, the 15 patients in the cardiac rehabilitation group had a significantly lower resting heart rate (77.46+/-9.49 versus 92.31+/-10.18 bpm; p<0.001) and a significantly higher recovery of heart rate over 1 min (16.38+/-6.32 versus 11.38+4.81 bpm; p = 0.03) compared with the control group. There were also significant reductions in resting heart rates (cardiac rehabilitation p < 0.001; control p = 0.05) and improvements in recovery on heart rate over 1 min (cardiac rehabilitation p < 0.001; control p = 0.001) compared with baseline measurements in both the cardiac rehabilitation and control groups. CONCLUSION: Cardiac rehabilitation had a positive effect on the improvement of recovery on heart rate over 1 min in patients with coronary artery disease who received CABG surgery.     

Treadmill exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Eight men and six women with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) performed a pulmonary function test and a treadmill exercise stress test before and after an individualized training program, which nominally consisted of three 20-minute sessions of treadmill exercise per week for five consecutive weeks. Training sessions were terminated before 20 minutes if there were subjective complaints, or if the subject's heart rate reached 80% of the maximum heart rate observed during the pretraining stress test. This program failed to improve any of the pulmonary function test parameters (lung volumes, airflows, maximum voluntary ventilation, and resting levels of blood gases) and failed to improve most exercise stress test parameters (maximum oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, and heart rate at termination of exercise). This program, however, did increase the group's average stress test time from 9.0-13.7 minutes (p less than 0.001) and increased the total external work (calculated from the sum of its vertical and horizontal components) from 3.5-6.8kcal (p less than 0.01). Eight of the 11 subjects who initially received 2L/min of 100% oxygen, via a nasal cannula, to alleviate dyspnea and to promote endurance were completely weaned from supplemental oxygen by the end of the training program. These findings demonstrate that a treadmill exercise program based on stress test data can increase the efficiency (external work per unit of oxygen consumed) and thus, the exercise tolerance, of persons with severe COPD.     

Effects of active recovery on autonomic and haemodynamic responses after aerobic exercise

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of active recovery on autonomic and haemodynamic responses after exercise in healthy adults. Nineteen healthy young male individuals underwent two experimental sessions: exercise with active recovery (AR) and exercise with passive recovery (PR). The exercise sessions comprised three phases: warm-up (5 min), exercise phase (cycle ergometer, 30 min, intensity between 60 and 70% of the heart rate reserve) and recovery (5 min). In the AR, the subjects remained cycling in the recovery phase at intensity between 30% and 35% of heart rate reserve, while in the PR, the subjects stopped the exercise after finishing the exercise phase. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and over the 30 min after the interventions. There were no differences for systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate and rate pressure product between active and passive recovery sessions. Also, all heart rate variability parameters changed similarly after exercise with passive or active recovery sessions. In summary, exercise with active recovery does not affect the autonomic and haemodynamic responses after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in healthy young male individuals.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者通气有效性与运动后心脏功能的关系

目的 观察通气有效性对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者运动后心脏功能的影响。     

Effect of Acu-TENS on post exercise airway resistance in healthy individuals

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on acupoints (Acu-TENS) is associated with increased exercise duration in healthy individuals and improves forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) in those with respiratory illness. Whether a decrease in airway resistance (AR) is responsible for these respiratory system effects has not been investigated. This pilot study investigated the effect of a single session of Acu-TENS on AR in healthy people. Twenty individuals were invited to the laboratory twice, 1 week apart, to receive in random order either Acu-TENS or placebo-TENS (no electrical output from the TENS unit) over bilateral Lièquē (LU 7) and Dìnchu?n (EX-B1), for 45 minutes before and during a submaximal treadmill exercise test following the Bruce protocol. AR, FEV₁, forced vital capacity, rate of perceived exertion and heart rate variability were recorded before, immediately after and 15 minutes after exercise. Immediately after exercise the percentage decrease in AR from baseline was greater in the Acu-TENS group (?20.10 ± 4.00%) compared to the placebo-TENS group (?7.99 ± 3.43%) (p = 0.029). We conclude that the decrease in AR seen with Acu-TENS in healthy individuals could account for the immediate improvement in FEV₁. Acu-TENS may have a role in decreasing AR in patients with airflow limitation.     

Evaluation of oxygen uptake kinetics and oxygen kinetics of peripheral skeletal muscle during recovery from exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The biochemical features of skeletal muscle and its contribution to exercise intolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is under active investigation. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can non-invasively provide information on the oxidative capacity of muscle. To clarify whether oxygenation of peripheral muscle is one determinant of exercise tolerance, we simultaneously examined the oxygen uptake (V O 2off) kinetics and oxygen kinetics of peripheral skeletal muscle evaluated by NIRS during recovery from exercise in COPD patients. Fifteen patients with COPD and five normal control subjects performed a symptom-limited incremental exercise test. On the following day, all patients performed a constant work rate exercise test while being monitored using NIRS continuously for changes in concentration of oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO2) and during expired gas analysis. We found that the time constant of during recovery from constant work rate exercise (V O 2off) and the time constant of V O 2off during recovery (tau V O 2off) were significantly longer in COPD patients than in normal control subjects. was inversely correlated with absolute values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1.0) and FEV1.0 (% predicted). However, no significant correlation was found between and FVC (forced vital capacity), FEV1.0/FVC, or diffusing capacity of the lung for CO (DLCO). Moreover, was inversely correlated with maximal V O 2off and maximal work rate. In contrast, exhibited a significant positive correlation with tau V O 2off. These results indicate that V O 2off kinetics during recovery is related to re-oxygenation of peripheral skeletal muscle evaluated by NIRS in patients with COPD. Therefore, NIRS may be a useful tool to estimate the impairment of cardiopulmonary responses and re-oxygenation of peripheral skeletal muscle during the immediate recovery phase after exercise in COPD patients.     

Effect of muscular exercise on plasma C-peptide and insulin in obese non-diabetics and diabetics,Type II

Summary. The levels of plasma insulin and C-peptide during exercise and subsequent recovery have been determined in obese non-diabetics, obese diabetics Type II and middle-aged female controls. It has been found that exercise reduces levels of peptides both in the control and in the obese non-diabetic group. This effect of acute exercise was found blunted in the obese diabetic group. Non-diabetic obese subjects pretreated with phentolamine showed no reduction either in plasma insulin or C-peptide levels during exercise. During the recovery, the level of plasma insulin returned promptly to the pre-exercise value in the control group but increased above the resting value in obese subjects, both non-diabetic and diabetic. In controls and non-diabetic obeses the increment of C-peptide: insulin molar ratio occurred early after the onset of exercise and then returned to the resting value despite the exercise being continued. The plasma C-peptide:insulin molar ratios were reduced during the first 15 min of recovery period in obese non-diabetic subjects and returned to normal in the next 15 min. The latter may suggest that reduced insulin removal could also contribute to the increase in plasma insulin values in the obeses during recovery.     

Beta blockade by oral propranolol and labetalol

beta-Adrenergic blockade after single, oral doses of labetalol or propranolol was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study by an isoproterenol sensitivity test and handgrip exercise in 10 healthy men. The tests were performed with subjects resting in a supine position. At the doses used, there was no effect on heart rate and blood pressure in either the resting position or in the isometric exercise phase. It is possible that exercise-induced changes in blood pressure and heart rate were reduced by higher vagal tone in this young group tested in the supine position. Isoproterenol increased heart rate and reduced diastolic blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. The dose of isoproterenol at which heart rate increased 25 bpm above the resting rate (CD25; 1.36 +/- 0.18 microgram) was of the order of that at which diastolic blood pressure fell 25 mm Hg from baseline (HD25; 1.07 +/- 0.07 microgram). There was a significant positive correlation between CD25 and HD25 in the 10 subjects. Propranolol and labetalol induced a dose-dependent, parallel shift to the right in the dose-response curves of isoproterenol effects on heart rate and diastolic blood pressure, indicating that both drugs are nonselective, competitive antagonists of beta-adrenergic receptors. On the average, propranolol was 17 and 19 times more potent than labetalol in antagonizing the chronotropic and hypotensive actions of isoproterenol, respectively.     

索他洛尔与胺碘酮对运动心电和运动生理的作用比较

目的 比较索他洛尔与胺碘酮对运动心电图和血流动力学的影响。方法 采用单盲、自身前后对照研究索他洛尔与胺碘酮对3l例无器质性心脏病患者运动心电图、运动血压及心率一收缩压乘积的影响。结果 与胺碘酮比较，索他洛尔显著降低运动心率、收缩压及心率一收缩压乘积，不影响心率储备、运动时间和运动当量；与用药前比较，索他洛尔与胺碘酮均显著延长静态和运动各级爪间期，但是在运动过程中，与用药前及胺碘酮比较，索他洛尔致爪间期加速缩短并与心率呈正相关。结论 索他洛尔可显著降低运动氧耗量，有抗心肌缺血作用；和胺碘酮比较，索他洛尔延长运动JTc的作用表现为加速缩短(逆频率依赖现象)，提示其在运动中抗心律失常作用减弱。