湖北省宜昌市6～7岁儿童口腔健康行为及其影响因素

目的：研究湖北省宜昌市6—7岁1356名儿童口腔健康行为和社会行为因素之间的关系，为在学校开展口腔健康项目打下基础。方法：采用母亲问卷调查方法收集1356名儿童及其母亲的口腔健康态度、行为以及相关影响因素。结果：40％的儿童每天刷牙两次以上，78％的儿童使用氟化牙膏，大约50％的儿童在过去一年拜访过牙医。影响儿童刷牙行为的因素依次为母亲的刷牙行为、儿童的就诊行为和母亲的文化程度。儿童的就诊行为和母亲的就诊行为、母亲刷牙行为、母亲关于龋病预防的知识及母亲文化程度密切相关。结论：母亲的口腔健康行为和母亲的文化程度影响儿童的口腔健康行为，学校口腔健康教育的开展必须要有母亲的参与。     

城乡3～5岁儿童家庭口腔健康行为与乳牙患龋状况对比观察

目的：探讨城乡3～5岁儿童家庭口腔健康行为与乳牙患龋状况的相关性。方法：采用多阶段、分层、随机抽样的方法,在北京、吉林4个地区幼儿园（城乡各2个）抽取3～5岁儿童共512例,城市儿童268人,农村儿童244人进行乳牙龋病检查,并对受检者的家长进行家庭口腔健康行为问卷。结果：①3～5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为71.23%,龋均4.16;城市儿童乳牙患龋率62.26%,农村81.41%,城乡儿童之间乳牙患龋率具有统计学差异（P〈0.01）。②农村儿童进食甜点心、碳酸饮料、果汁、糖果/巧克力等的频率高于城市。城市儿童开始刷牙时间、频率、用含氟牙膏的比例高于农村。城市家长对儿童定期检查和采取预防措施的人数高于农村。结论：加强对农村儿童家庭口腔健康行为的教育至关重要。     

家庭口腔健康行为对儿童龋齿危险因素的影响

龋齿危险因素包括唾液及菌斑中致龋微生物的计数、唾液及菌斑中无机离子的含量、宿主牙的再矿化能力等,可在一定程度上预测龋病的发生,口腔健康行为密切影响儿童龋病的发生,儿童的行为在很大程度上又受家长的影响,作者就父母及儿童的口腔健康行为对儿童龋齿危险因素的影响作一综述,以助有效地预测儿童龋病的发生。     

广西12岁儿童口腔健康行为抽样调查报告

目的 了解广西12岁儿童口腔健康行为、口腔卫生服务利用等情况。方法 采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法 抽取429名广西壮族自治区12岁城乡常住儿童进行集体自答式问卷调查。结果 广西93.71%(402/429)12岁学生每天刷牙,其中仅32.17%(138人)每天刷牙2次以上,城市刷牙情况好于农村(P<0.001)。调查前12个月口腔科就诊率为16.55%(71人),51.52%(221人)学生从没看过牙。口腔科就诊的主要原因是急、慢性牙疼。结论 广西大部分12岁儿童口腔健康行为仍较差,未能充分利用现有的口腔卫生资源,口腔健康教育有待加强。?     

儿童口腔健康认知和行为对其口腔健康状况的影响

目的:调查上海市儿童口腔健康认知、行为及其口腔健康现状,分析影响儿童口腔健康的因素.方法:采用儿童口腔健康调查问卷和中文版儿童口腔健康相关生存质量量表(child oral health impact profile,COHIP),对上海市城区2018年12月—2019年2月期间的387名小学生进行问卷调查.采用SPS...     

儿童乳牙患龋状况及其家庭口腔健康行为的差异

目的研究家庭口腔健康行为对辽宁省城乡儿童乳牙患龋状况的影响。方法采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,运用世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》诊断标准对辽宁省城乡792名5岁儿童进行乳牙龋病检查,并随机抽取50%受检者的家长进行问卷调查。结果1）辽宁省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为73.86%,龋均（dmft）为4.38;其中城市儿童乳牙患龋率为64.14%,农村儿童乳牙患龋率为83.59%,城乡之间儿童乳牙患龋率具有统计学差异（P<0.01）。2）口腔健康行为分析表明,农村儿童进食糖果、巧克力、糖水、碳酸饮料、果汁等的频率高于城市。城市儿童开始刷牙时间、频率、用含氟牙膏的比例均高于农村。城市家长普遍学历高,收入多,儿童定期检查和采取预防措施的人数高于农村。结论辽宁省,尤其是农村地区应加强对家庭口腔健康行为的教育。     

上海市5岁本地和外来儿童患龋状况和口腔健康行为的调查

目的分析上海市5岁本地和外来儿童患龋状况和口腔健康行为的差异,为设计口腔卫生服务项目和相关政策制订提供信息支持。方法采用分层等容量随机抽样方法,调查上海市共575名5岁儿童口腔健康状况,并对家长进行相关问卷调查。结果 5岁乳牙患龋率为65.74%,龋均为3.35,本地儿童明显低于外来儿童(P<0.05)。5岁儿童龋失补充填构成比为12.57%,本地和外来儿童有显著差异(P<0.01)。外来儿童睡前进食甜食的比例高于本地儿童(P<0.05)。外来儿童每天刷牙2次及以上的仅占19.44%,明显低于本地儿童(P<0.01)。从没看过牙的外来儿童比例比本地儿童更高(P<0.01)。结论上海外来儿童患龋状况和口腔健康行为均比本地儿童差,未来需加强对外来儿童的口腔保健力度,有针对性地采取防治措施及健康教育,提高儿童口腔健康整体水平。     

杭州市5岁儿童龋病和口腔健康行为的调查

目的 对杭州市5岁儿童龋病和口腔健康行为进行调查和分析。方法 采用横断面研究的方法,928名5岁儿童参加本研究。采用世界卫生组织口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案中的标准检查龋病情况,通过问卷收集儿童的口腔健康行为。结果 杭州市5岁儿童的乳牙患龋率52.2%,龋均2.43,龋齿充填构成比9.9%。30.8%的儿童每天至少刷牙2次以上,仅仅12.3%的儿童在过去的1年内拜访过牙医,59.2%的儿童每天吃含糖食品3次以上。结论 杭州市5岁儿童乳牙患龋率较高,且儿童的口腔健康行为不够理想。     

湖北省黄石市6岁儿童口腔健康状况和行为

目的　了解湖北省黄石市 6岁儿童口腔健康状况和口腔健康行为。方法　调查对象为湖北省黄石市城区和农村 4所小学 5 97名 6岁儿童。结果　 6岁儿童的乳牙患龋率为 73.9% ,龋均 3.36。城市儿童乳牙的患龋率和龋均在统计学上均显著高于农村儿童。在 6岁年龄组中 ,36 %的儿童每天刷牙 2次以上 ,5 9%的儿童每天刷牙 1次。 6 1%的儿童使用氟化牙膏。大约 2 5 %的儿童在过去 1年拜访过牙医 ,5 1%的儿童从来就没有拜访过牙医。结论　在小学应该开展口腔健康教育和口腔保健项目     

成都市1～3岁低龄儿童龋齿患病与家庭口腔卫生行为调查

目的：调查成都市1~3岁低龄儿童的龋患情况及家庭口腔卫生行为习惯。方法：选取成都市5所幼儿园1~3岁儿童共计1000名作为研究对象,对其进行口腔卫生检查,根据是否患龋分为病例组与对照组。向2组儿童发放调查问卷,了解其口腔卫生习惯相关情况,对比、分析调查结果。采用SPSS 20.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：共有331名儿童患龋,患龋率为33.10%。病例组与对照组儿童在性别、低体重儿、胎龄、病史、父母最高学历、主要抚养人方面相比,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组在年龄分布、喂养方式、家庭年收入方面比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。除家长使用牙线和家长刷牙频率2项外,2组儿童的其他家庭口腔卫生行为（定期检查牙、儿童吃甜食频率、儿童睡前进食频率、家长吃甜食频率）相比,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、家庭年收入、含奶瓶睡觉、定期检查乳牙、儿童吃甜食频率、儿童睡前进食频率均是低龄儿童患龋的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：成都市低龄儿童的龋患率较高,低龄儿童患龋与家庭口腔卫生行为有显著相关性,是低龄儿童患龋的因素之一。建立良好的家庭口腔卫生行为习惯,有助于降低低龄儿童龋齿的发生风险。     

Relationship between oral health behaviors and general health behaviors in a Japanese adult population

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between oral health behaviors and general health behaviors in adults. METHODS: A total of 2,467 adults (1,208 men and 1,259 women aged 20-59 years) who consulted dentists in Chiba City were administered a questionnaire. RESULTS: Women, older participants, and those living with family had better health behaviors than the other subjects studied. Additive indices for oral and general health behaviors were significantly correlated. Toothbrushing frequency was significantly correlated with five items of general health behavior (smoking, drinking, exercise, eating breakfast, and having medical check-ups). Having dental check-ups was significantly correlated with having medical check-ups. There was a negative correlation between dental flossing and drinking. CONCLUSIONS: Of all oral health behaviors examined, toothbrushing frequency was the most predictive indicator of general health behavior.     

The relationship between oral conditions,masticatory performance and oral health-related quality of life in children

Objective

To evaluate the association between oral conditions, masticatory performance (MP) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 8–12 year-old children.

Design

150 Brazilian scholars were examined for caries and malocclusions. MP was evaluated based on the ability to comminute an artificial test food followed by the determination of the median particle size (X₅₀) and particle distribution in different-sized sieves (“b”). OHRQoL was measured using the Brazilian versions 8–10 and 11–14 of the child perceptions questionnaire (CPQ), considering the following domains: oral symptoms (OS), functional limitations (FL), emotional well-being (EW) and social well-being (SW). Higher scores indicated worse OHRQoL. Data were submitted to Spearman's correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis.

Results

There were significant positive correlations between the psychosocial and OS domains scores of the CPQ_8–10 and the number of decayed and missing teeth, respectively. The number of decayed teeth positively correlated with the number of missing teeth and the CPQ_11–14 scores. The number of decayed and missing teeth was significantly associated with higher CPQ_8–10 scores. Higher CPQ_11–14 overall scores were associated with female gender, higher FL domain scores were associated with the number of missing teeth, and higher X₅₀ values and EW domain scores were associated with female gender and the number of decayed teeth.

Conclusions

A higher number of missing teeth correlated with an inferior MP in older children. Children with a higher number of caries rated their oral health less favourably. Older females and those who broke the test material into smaller sizes were also more likely to report a worse OHRQoL, suggesting that the time allowed to reduce food appears to be a more influential factor on children’ perception of oral health than their ability to break down the test material into smaller sizes. Moreover, the subjectivity of functional domain and artificial nature of chewable test material could have influenced the test sensitivity.     

口腔功能与脑功能研究

本提出探讨口腔功能与脑功能的关系的思路，结合我们在临床开展的口腔功能包括咀嚼，感觉、味觉等与脑功能的关系研究，对口腔功能与脑功能的状况进行分析，对脑功能的研究方法如功能核磁共振（fMRI)和正电子发射断层（PET）进行探讨，结果显示口腔功能与脑功能密切相关，口腔的咀嚼运动，味觉与感觉在脑的特定功能区可发生血流的影像及代谢的改变，口腔功能与脑功能研究应成为脑功能研究计划的重要内容。     

Oral health and oral motor function in children with cerebral palsy

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the type of cerebral palsy (CP) and oral motor function (OMF) on the oral health status of children and adolescents with CP in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. The sample consisted of 52 children with CP, aged 7 to 18 years. The data were statistically analyzed using chi‐square tests. In 73.1% of the sample, the subjects’ caregivers carried out the daily oral care. There was a significant association between the frequency of daily care and the subject's level of oral hygiene (p= .037). A diagnosis of Class II malocclusion was made for 55.8% of the sample, and defects of enamel formation were found in 38.5% of the subjects. There was no significant correlation between DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) and socioeconomic status of the subjects (r = .254, p= .069). A significant association was found between quadriplegia and OMF (χ²= 7.88, p= .019). The type of CP and OMF did not influence the levels of plaque and caries indices in the children with CP, but increased frequency of toothbrushing did result in an improved oral hygiene index.     

Oral health-related knowledge,attitudes and habits in relation to perceived oral symptoms among 12-year-old school children

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate oral health-related knowledge, attitudes and habits and their relationship to perceived oral symptoms among 12-year-olds and differences between boys and girls. Material and methods The study population consisted of children (n?=?588) in 15 randomly selected elementary schools in Turku, Finland. Associations between oral health-related habits, knowledge and attitudes with perceived oral symptoms and gender differences were evaluated with χ²-test, Mann-Whitney U-test and logistic regression analysis. Results Oral health promoting habits but not knowledge or attitudes associated significantly with absence of oral symptoms. Girls reported a higher percentage of several health promotional habits than boys. Girls reported more frequently gingival bleeding and less frequently dental calculus than boys did. The most common oral symptom was gingival bleeding. Conclusions The present findings suggest some gender-related differences in oral health habits, attitudes, as well as perceived oral symptoms in 12-year-olds. There seems, however, not to be gender differences in relation to knowledge or the association of health habits with perceived oral symptoms. It is important to maintain health promotion at schools and additional efforts should be aimed at translating knowledge into action.