胸腺瘤外科手术治疗及预后的回顾性分析

目的:研究外科手术治疗胸腺瘤预后的影响因素。方法:回顾分析2010～2018年收治的152例胸腺瘤患者的临床资料,评估患者年龄、性别、肿瘤直径、重症肌无力、手术方式、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、Masaoka分期、TNM分期、WHO病理分型对预后的影响。结果:患者25～76岁,平均(51.91±14.87)岁,肿瘤直径平均(6.86±2.36)cm,术中出血量平均(155.72±118.84)mL,手术时间平均(132.96±45.26)min。单因素生存分析显示,重症肌无力状态(P=0.015)、手术方式(P<0.001)、Masaoka分期(P<0.001)、TNM分期(P<0.001)、WHO病理分型(P<0.001)对预后有影响。多因素生存分析显示,手术方式(P=0.006)、Masaoka分期(P=0.042)、WHO病理分型(P=0.002)是影响胸腺瘤患者无病生存期的独立因素。结论:胸腺瘤的早期诊断与治疗利于提高患者无病生存期,手术方式、Masaoka分期、WHO病理分型利于评估患者预后状况。     

胸腺瘤患者预后因素分析

目的 探讨影响胸腺瘤患者术后远期生存率的相关因素。方法 回顾性分析我科1973—2000年间手术治疗的69例胸腺瘤，应用Kaplan—Meier法和Cox比例风险模型对可能影响胸腺瘤术后远期生存率的因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 全组患者5年、10年、15年生存率分别为83．3％、67．4％、41．9％。单因素分析显示年龄、Masaoka分期、WHO组织学分类、肿瘤切除范围、Rosai／Levine分类对胸腺瘤患者术后长期生存率有显著影响(P＜0．01)，但经多因素分析表明仅Masaoka分期(P＜0．01)、肿瘤切除范围(P＜0．05)、年龄(P＜0．05)是独立的预后因素。结论 对胸腺瘤应积极进行手术治疗，即使姑息性切除亦有助于提高远期生存。     

侵袭性胸腺瘤手术治疗预后因素的随访

目的 观察侵袭性胸腺瘤的手术治疗效果,并分析影响患者预后的相关因素.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2009年12月接受手术治疗的59例侵袭性胸腺瘤患者的临床及随访资料.患者为连续病例,男性34例,女性25例;年龄18～72岁,平均49岁.根治性手术44例,姑息切除或活检15例.Masaoka分期:Ⅱ期18例,Ⅲ期30例,Ⅳ期11例;Ⅱ期患者术后未接受辅助放疗或化疗,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者术后接受辅助放疗和(或)化疗26例,未接受辅助放疗或化疗15例.分析手术方式、Masaoka分期、辅助放疗和(或)化疗与患者预后的关系.结果 本组59例患者随访时间1～111个月,平均54个月;失访3例,失访率6.1%.全组局部复发或全身转移19例,死亡14例,3年、5年生存率分别为86.8%、70.8%.单因素分析显示接受完全性切除手术、Masaoka分期较早及术后接受辅助放疗和(或)化疗的患者有较高的生存率(P＜0.05).多因素分析显示是否完全性切除、术后接受辅助放疗和(或)化疗是影响患者预后的独立因素(P＜0.05).结论 Masaoka分期与侵袭性胸腺瘤患者预后相关;完全性切除手术及术后辅助放化疗可显著提高患者生存率;部分复发患者再次手术后亦可获得长期生存.     

胸腺瘤的外科治疗

目的 总结胸腺瘤的外科治疗经验，以提高手术疗效。方法 102例胸腺瘤患者按Masaoka法分期：Ⅰ期28例，Ⅱ期43例，Ⅲ期26例，Ⅳ期5例。所有患者均采用胸部正中切口和胸前外侧切口进行手术。完整摘除胸腺瘤85例，姑息性切除肿瘤17例。结果 1例胸腺瘤合并冠心病心房颤动患者术后死于心力衰竭。随访101例，随访时间1个月～10年，以寿命表法统计生存率，其Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期非侵袭性胸腺瘤患者的1年、3年、5年和10年生存率分别为97％、90％、84％和57％，Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期侵袭性胸腺瘤的1年、3年、5年和10年生存率分别为87％、74％、71％和23％。结论胸腺瘤为低度恶性肿瘤，积极手术切除肿瘤。可缓解症状、延长生存时间；肿瘤的Masaoka分期与其预后有关。     

185例胸腺瘤的临床特点

目的 探讨胸腺瘤及胸腺瘤合并重症肌无力(MG)的临床特征.方法 回顾分析1979年10月～2004年7月外科治疗的185例胸腺瘤患者的临床资料,其中单纯胸腺瘤94例(胸腺瘤组),胸腺瘤合并MG 91例(胸腺瘤合并MG组);手术根治性切除155例(83.8%),姑息性切除16例(8.6%),探查术14例(7.6%).分析两组患者的临床特点;按Masaoka病理分期法进行分期,运用寿命表法计算生存率,分析影响预后的因素.结果 术后死亡5例,其余均缓解或治愈.两组患者的Masaoka病理分期差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.14,P＜0.05);胸腺瘤病理分型与MG临床分型、病理分期差异无统计学意义(χ2=8.21,P＞0.05).胸腺瘤组随访57例,随访1～10年,平均随访40.7个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为70.2%(40/57)、66.7%(22/33)、59.3%(16/27);胸腺瘤合并MG组随访55例,1、3、5年生存率分别为98.2%(54/55)、86.4%(38/44)、81.6%(31/38),比较两组1、3、5年生存率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.83,P＞0.05).随访112例中,Masaoka病理分期5年生存率分别为Ⅰ期93.7%,Ⅱ期79.2%,Ⅲ期51.4%,Ⅳ期0%,各分期比较差异有统计学意义(χ25年=51.62,P＜0.01).结论 胸腺瘤的病理类型与MG的临床分型无关,胸腺瘤术后生存率与分期显著有关,与是否合并MG无关.胸腺瘤伴MG以全身型为主,病理类型以淋巴细胞型常见.胸部CT检查有助于早期发现胸腺瘤.治疗原则应尽可能广泛切除肿瘤,术后根据具体情况辅以放疗、化疗.手术方式、病理分期对预后影响较大.     

胸腺瘤患者预后列线图预测模型的建立和验证

目的探讨影响胸腺瘤切除术后患者预后的危险因素, 利用列线图建立胸腺瘤患者无进展生存预测模型。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2019年12月期间在北京同仁医院行胸腺瘤切除术的267例患者的临床病历资料, 对可能影响无进展生存期(PFS)的相关因素进行单因素和多因素Cox回归分析, 利用筛选出的独立危险因素建立胸腺瘤切除术后患者PFS的列线图预测模型, 评价模型的预测能力。结果单因素Cox回归分析结果显示, 年龄、手术方式、切除完整程度、WHO病理分型、TNM分期、术后辅助治疗与胸腺瘤患者术后PFS显著相关(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示, 仅年龄和TNM分期是影响胸腺瘤患者术后PFS的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。在此基础上建立的胸腺瘤患者预后的列线图预测模型的一致性指数(C-index)为0.866(95%CI:0.809～0.923), 该模型具有显著的预测效能。结论本研究建立并验证了基于年龄和TNM分期构建的列线图预测模型, 排除了其他临床病理因素对预后评估的干扰, 便于临床医师对胸腺瘤切除术后患者预后进行快速个体化评估。     

胸腺瘤患者预后列线图预测模型的建立和验证北大核心CSCD

目的探讨影响胸腺瘤切除术后患者预后的危险因素, 利用列线图建立胸腺瘤患者无进展生存预测模型。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2019年12月期间在北京同仁医院行胸腺瘤切除术的267例患者的临床病历资料, 对可能影响无进展生存期(PFS)的相关因素进行单因素和多因素Cox回归分析, 利用筛选出的独立危险因素建立胸腺瘤切除术后患者PFS的列线图预测模型, 评价模型的预测能力。结果单因素Cox回归分析结果显示, 年龄、手术方式、切除完整程度、WHO病理分型、TNM分期、术后辅助治疗与胸腺瘤患者术后PFS显著相关(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示, 仅年龄和TNM分期是影响胸腺瘤患者术后PFS的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。在此基础上建立的胸腺瘤患者预后的列线图预测模型的一致性指数(C-index)为0.866(95%CI:0.809~0.923), 该模型具有显著的预测效能。结论本研究建立并验证了基于年龄和TNM分期构建的列线图预测模型, 排除了其他临床病理因素对预后评估的干扰, 便于临床医师对胸腺瘤切除术后患者预后进行快速个体化评估。     

p53、CD117及CD44v5在胸腺上皮肿瘤中的表达及其意义

目的 观察p53基因、干细胞因子受体(CD117)和白细胞分化抗原44变异体5(CD44v5)在胸腺上皮肿瘤组织中的表达,结合其WHO分型及Masaoka分期,探讨三者与其病理特征及预后的关系.方法 利用组织芯片技术,通过免疫组织化学法检测p53、CD117和CD44v5在104例不同类型及分期的胸腺上皮肿瘤、10例正常胸腺组织中的表达,将结果与肿瘤病理学特征及预后进行分析.结果 p53、CD117及CD44v5在胸腺上皮肿瘤中阳性表达率分别为38.2%、15.7%和57.8%,三者在在正常胸腺组织中无明显表达.p53、CD117和CD44v5在不同WHO分型间表达差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),p53和CD44v5在不同Masaoka分期间表达差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).CD117和CD44v5在胸腺癌中显著高表达,阳性表达率分别为60.0%和100.0%.多因素分析提示CD117的表达和Masaoka分期是影响患者预后的独立危险因素.结论 p53、CD117和CD44v5表达可协助明确胸腺上皮肿瘤分型,尤其检测CD117和CD44v5表达可辅助鉴别诊断胸腺癌与胸腺瘤.p53和CD44v5表达可反映胸腺上皮肿瘤的侵袭性.     

38例胸腺癌的外科治疗及预后分析

目的分析并探讨与胸腺癌预后相关的临床、病理及治疗等因素。方法回顾性纳入我院胸外科2008年1月至2017年12月收治的胸腺癌患者38例,男25例、女13例,年龄55(32～84)岁。评估年龄、性别、根治性切除、WHO病理类型、TNM分期、Masaoka-Koga分期以及肿瘤大小与患者预后的关系。结果全组患者的5年总体生存率为51.9%。Kaplan-Meier单因素生存分析显示,根治性切除(P=0.003)、TNM分期(P=0.038)、Masaoka-Koga分期(P=0.033)以及肿瘤大小(P=0.030)与胸腺癌患者预后相关。Cox多因素生存分析显示,根治性切除是影响胸腺癌患者总体生存的独立预后因素(P=0.009,HR:2.31,95%CI 1.23～4.33)。结论对于术前评估可切除的胸腺癌患者,积极实行根治性手术是改善患者预后的最佳手段。     

RAS基因突变对结直肠癌肝转移患者肝切除术后预后的影响

目的分析RAS基因突变对结直肠癌肝转移行肝切除患者预后的影响。方法回顾分析北京大学肿瘤医院肝胆胰外一科2008年1月1日至2016年12月31日连续收治的545例结直肠癌肝转移行肝切除的患者资料,依据纳入和排除标准最终纳入356例,男性232例,女性124例,年龄21〜83岁。比较RAS基因野生型和突变型患者的临床和随访资料。采用Kaplan-M eier法进行生存分析,比较采用log-rank检验。单因素和多因素Cox回归分析患者生存的影响因素。结果RAS基因野生型和突变型患者分别为247例和109例。RAS基因野生型患者中位生存期为74个月,突变型为30个月。RAS基因野生型患者累积生存率和累积无病生存率均优于突变型,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析,肝转移出现间隔≤12个月(HR=1.673,95%CI:1.016~2.637)、肝转移瘤最大直径>5cm(HR=1.717,95%(CI:1.102〜2.637)、RAS基因突变型(HR=1.836,95%CI:1.322〜2.550)是结直肠癌肝转移患者手术切除后生存的独立危险因素。结论RAS基因突变是结直肠癌肝转移患者肝切除术后生存的危险因素,RAS基因突变型患者预后更差。     

Long-term survival and prognostic factors in thymic epithelial tumours.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze long-term survival and the prognostic significance of some factors after surgical resection of thymic epithelial tumours. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and histopathological data on 132 patients operated on for thymic tumours, from 1970 and 2001. Histologic diagnosis based on the new WHO classification system was made by a single pathologist. A univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors predicting survival was carried out. RESULTS: There were: 108 complete resections (81.8%), 12 partial resections (9.1%) and 12 biopsies (9.1%). Overall 5, 10 and 15-year survival rate was 72, 61 and 52.5%, respectively. The Masaoka staging system showed 44 stage I, 18 stage II, 52 stage III and 18 stage IV. Histologic results were: 14 subtype A, 31 AB, 20 B1, 28 B2, 29 B3 and 10 C; the respective proportions of invasive tumour (stage II-IV) was 28.6, 58.1, 50, 75, 86.2 and 100%. There were 16 tumour recurrences (14.8%) of 108 radically resected thymomas, 10 were treated with radical re-resection. In univariate analysis, four prognostic factors were statistically significant: radical resection, Masaoka clinical staging, WHO histologic subtype and resectable tumour recurrence. In multivariate analysis, the independent factors predicting long-term survival were WHO histology and Masaoka stage. CONCLUSIONS: The WHO histologic classification seems to be the most significant prognostic factor reflecting the invasiveness of the thymic tumour. Completeness of resection and Masaoka stage I and II assure a better survival. Unresectable recurrence of thymic tumour predicted a worse prognosis.     

Thymomas: clinical-pathological correlations

AIM: Since World Health Organization (WHO) histologic typing of tumors of the thymus publication in 1999 only a few studies correlated this classification with the clinical features of the patients. We present the results of a retrospective analysis on patients, operated on for a thymoma, whose specimens were available, to compare the WHO thymoma histologic classification to the clinical behavior of the tumors. METHODS: The specimens of 69 patients, who underwent surgical treatment between 1983 and 1998, were analyzed, comparing the clinical features of the patients and the hystological typing of the neoplasm, according to the WHO classification. A survival analysis of clinical and pathological prognostic factors was carried out. RESULTS: The incidence of thymus-related syndrome was related to the histological subtype and increases progressively from A to B3, while in C subtype the incidence was nihl. With a mean follow-up of 108 months (range 54-239 months), we experienced 6 intrathoracic recurrencies, 3 of those were intrapleuric and 3 mediastinal. At the last follow-up, 52 patients were alive; 1 with disease. Five deaths were related to the tumor (2 mediastinal and 3 intrapleuric relapses). Actuarial five-year and ten-year survival was 95% and 88.9%. Because of the absence of deaths related to thymomas in most samples it was not possible to perform a comparison among different histological types and different clinical stages. CONCLUSIONS: The WHO histologic classification seems to correlate with the incidence of thymus related syndromes and the clinical stage of Masaoka. Despite the higher incidence of recurrences in type B3 and C thymoma the WHO classification did not prove to be a prognostic factor.     

Prognostic significance of CD44v5 expression in human thymic epithelial neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Cell surface glycoproteins of the CD44 family play roles in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Their aberrant expression has been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis of a variety of neoplasms, but not, to date, of thymic epithelial tumors. METHODS: To investigate the expression of CD44 molecules, immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibodies against human CD44 standard form (CD44 s) and two common splicing variant (CD44v) isoforms, CD44v5 and CD44v6, was performed on 64 resected thymomas and 20 normal thymuses. These tumors were categorized histologically according to the World Health Organization (WHO) histologic classification, and the pathologic staging was classified according to the definitions of Masaoka. RESULTS: The positive expression rates in these patients were as follows: CD44 s (normal thymuses, 10%; thymomas, 22%), CD44v5 (normal thymuses, 0%; thymomas, 67%), and CD44v6 (normal thymuses, 0%; thymomas, 26%). CD44 s and CD44v5 immunoreactivity showed a positive correlation with tumor stages (p = 0.034 and 0.027, respectively). The CD44v5 expression of neoplastic cells in tumor capsules has significant correlation with tumor stages (II, 5%; III, 70%; IVA, 100%; p < 0.001). On the basis of univariate survival analysis, the Masaoka staging system, WHO histologic classification, and CD44v5 expression showed a statistically significant positive relation to survival (p < 0.001, 0.002, 0.011, respectively). Using Cox's regression model, increasing CD44v5 expression, the Masaoka staging, and the WHO classification system were found to be significant independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: CD44v5 expression is independently positively correlated with the aggressiveness of thymic epithelial tumors. The expression of CD44v5 may be a potential trigger of tumor invasion in thymomas.     

Oncological significance of WHO histological thymoma classification

OBJECTIVES: The clinical significance of thymoma histology remains controversial because of the numerous histological classifications of thymic epithelial tumors. Universal classification of such tumors was achieved by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1999. We studied the prognostic significance of this classification. METHODS: We studied clinical features and postoperative survival in cases of thymoma, but not thymic carcinoma, based on WHO histological classification in 286 patients undergoing surgery between 1958 and 2001. RESULTS: Tumors were 19 type A, 79 type AB, 59 type B1, 102 type B2, and 27 type B3. The proportion of invasive tumors increased by type--from A to AB, B1, B2, and B3. The great vessels were involved more frequently in type B2 and B3 tumors than in type A, AB, and B1 tumors. The 20-year survival was 100% in type A, 87% in type AB, 91% in type B1, 65% in type B2, and 38% in type B3 tumors. Multivariate analysis showed Masaoka staging and WHO histological classification to be significant independent prognostic factors, while age, gender, myasthenia gravis association, resection completeness and great vessel involvement were not. In stage III patients, 13 of 45 patients with type B2 and B3 tumor died of their tumors, while no tumor deaths occurred in 11 patients with type A, AB, and B1 tumors. CONCLUSION: WHO histological classification realistically reflects the oncological behavior of thymoma.     

Prognosis and therapeutic response according to the world health organization histological classification in advanced thymoma

Purpose

The clinical efficacy of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of thymoma has been reported to be a prognostic factor for patients with thymomas. This study focuses on the relationship between the therapeutic response and the WHO histological classification in patients with advanced thymoma.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed on 22 patients with Masaoka stage III and IV thymoma treated from 1975 to 2007. There were 1, 1, 7, 3, and 10 patients with WHO histological subtypes A, AB, B1, B2, and B3, respectively.

Results

Surgery was performed on 10 patients. There were 2 complete resections, 2 incomplete resections, and 6 exploratory thoracotomies. Of 18 patients with unresectable tumors, 8, 5, and 5 were treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy as the initial therapy, respectively. The response rate in 9 patients with type A-B2 was significantly better than that in 9 patients with type B3 regardless of treatment modality (100% vs 11.1%, P = 0.0001). Only the WHO classification was significantly associated with survival, with type B3 having a worse prognosis than A-B2 (P = 0.01).

Conclusions

Type B3 thymoma showed a lower response rate to treatments and thus shorter survival. The WHO classification is a good predictive factor for therapeutic response in advanced thymoma.     

食管癌术后食管胃吻合口狭窄的危险因素及对策

目的分析食管胃吻合术后吻合口狭窄的危险因素,并提出预防措施。 方法以2014年6月—2016年6月在川北医学院附属医院胸外科内镜室因吻合口狭窄行吻合口扩张术的食管癌术后患者为实验组(n＝138),以1∶2比例随机抽取同期能进食固体食物的食管癌术后患者为对照组(n＝276)。通过单因素和多因素分析了解术前体重指数、术前吞咽情况、术前影像学检查有无狭窄、病变位置、手术方式、吻合口位置、吻合方式、肿瘤直径、病理分型、病理分期、术后是否发生吻合口瘘等因素对术后吻合口狭窄的影响。 结果单因素分析显示：病理分期和术后吻合口瘘差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);吻合方式和吻合口位置差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。将吞咽困难(P＝0.05)、肿瘤直径(P ＝0.1)、病理分期(P ＝0.04)、吻合口瘘(P<0.01)纳入Logistic多因素回归分析显示：术后吻合口瘘(OR＝5.87,95% CI：2.65～13.01;P<0.01)、肿瘤直径<3 cm(OR＝1.65,95% CI：1.01～2.67;P ＝0.04)是吻合口狭窄发生的影响因素;术前吞咽情况亦是吻合口狭窄的影响因素,其中半流质患者相对于流质患者更易发生吻合口狭窄(OR＝2.13,95% CI：1.32～3.45;P<0.01)。 结论吻合口瘘是食管癌患者术后吻合口狭窄的独立危险因素,早期预防性食管扩张对预防吻合口狭窄非常重要。术前吞咽困难相对较轻、肿瘤直径相对较短及病理分期相对较早的患者更容易发生吻合狭窄,对于这部分患者应采取侧侧吻合,以减少术后吻合口狭窄。     

Myasthenia gravis affects overall survival in patients with thymoma: an analysis of multicentre database using propensity score matching

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESAbout one-third of patients with thymoma have myasthenia gravis (MG). It remains controversial whether MG affects the prognosis of patients with thymoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MG on the prognosis of patients with thymoma in a multicentre database.METHODSPatients with thymoma who underwent thymectomy were identified from 2 prospectively collected databases in 2 medical centres from 2010 to 2018. Kaplan–Meier curves and the log-rank test were used to assess overall survival and recurrence-free survival, and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine significant contributors to survival. Propensity score matching was performed to eliminate selection bias.RESULTSA total of 514 patients with thymoma were included in this study, of whom 320 patients were MG-free and 194 had MG. Patients with MG were younger (median age 50 vs 54 years, P = 0.001) and had smaller tumours (4.4 ± 2.0 vs 4.9 ± 2.3 cm, P = 0.020). Pathological analysis showed that type B tumours especially B2−B3 (B2 + B3 + mix B tumours, 55.2%) are more common in patients with MG, while type AB (37.2%) was the most common in patients without MG. A larger proportion of Masaoka III–IV stage tumour (25.7% vs 11.0%, P < 0.001) was seen in patients with thymoma and MG. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that MG (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.729, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.398–9.947, P = 0.009), incomplete resection (HR = 5.441, 95% CI: 1.500–19.731, P = 0.010) and Masaoka stage III + IV (HR = 3.390, 95% CI: 1.196–9.612, P = 0.022) were negative prognostic factors of overall survival. Meanwhile, MG (HR =3.489, 95% CI: 1.403–8.680, P = 0.007) and Masaoka stage III + IV (HR = 6.582, 95% CI: 2.575–16.828, P < 0.001) were negative prognostic factors of recurrence-free survival. Propensity-matched analysis compared 148 patient pairs. K-M survival analysis demonstrated that MG was associated with worse overall survival and recurrence-free survival in propensity score-matched patients (log-rank, P = 0.034 and 0.017, respectively).CONCLUSIONSThymoma patients with MG have smaller tumours and a higher percentage of late-stage tumours, which are mainly of WHO B types, especially B2−B3 types. In addition, MG is significantly associated with worse overall survival and recurrence-free survival in thymoma.     

肿瘤最大径最佳截点与结直肠癌临床特点及预后的关系

目的：分析结直肠癌肿瘤最大径最佳截点及其与患者临床病理特点及预后的关系。方法：选择2006年1月—2012年7月行结直肠癌根治术与术后行规范化辅助治疗的结直肠癌患者 119例的临床资料。采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析方法,筛选结直肠癌肿瘤最大径的最佳截点值;分析肿瘤最大径与结直肠癌患者临床病理因素的关系,并分析结直肠癌患者预后影响因素。结果：以最大径4 cm为截点,两侧患者生存率差异最明显（65.5% vs. 51.1%,χ2=9.922,P=0.002）,故确定结直肠癌肿瘤最大径最佳截点值为4 cm。肿瘤最大径<4 cm患者与≥4 cm患者在肿瘤T分期、淋巴结检出总数、血清CEA方面差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。单因素分析显示,肿瘤最大径、T分期、M分期、血清CEA水平、是否输血与结直肠癌预后有关（均P<0.05）;多因素分析表明,肿瘤最大径、T分期、是否输血是结直肠癌预后的独立影响因素（均P<0.05）;按肿瘤最大径分层分析,T分期是≥4 cm患者预后的独立影响因素（HR=2.244,95% CI=1.079~4.665,P=0.030）,但以上因素对肿瘤最大径<4 cm患者预后影响不明显（均P>0.05）。结论：肿瘤最大径可作为影响结直肠癌预后的独立影响因素,其最佳截点值为4 cm,参照该截点值,有助于对患者临床特点及预后作出判断。