单中心肾活检临床和病理特点分析

目的:总结和分析单中心肾脏疾病的病理类型和临床特征。方法:回顾性分析2013年6月1日～2018年5月31日在南充市中心医院行肾活检患者肾脏病理类型及临床分型的特点。结果:283例肾活检患者中,男女比例为1∶1. 18,发病高峰年龄为41岁～65岁。原发性肾脏病211例(74. 56%),其中肾小球疾病208例(73. 50%),常见的病理类型依次为膜性肾病73例(35. 10%)、Ig A肾病61例(29. 33%)、微小病变性肾病54例(25. 96%);继发性肾脏病64例(22. 61%),其中肾小球疾病62例(21. 91%),以狼疮肾炎最常见(35例,占56. 45%)。原发性肾小球疾病的临床类型分别为肾病综合征135例(64. 90%),慢性肾炎综合征52例(25. 00%),无症状血尿和/或蛋白尿19例(9. 13%),急性肾炎综合征1例(0. 48%),急进性肾炎综合征1例(0. 48%)。结论:南充地区肾脏疾病多见于中青年,原发性肾脏病是本地区最常见的肾脏疾病,原发和继发性肾脏病均以肾小球疾病最常见。膜性肾病是原发性肾小球疾病最常见的病理类型。狼疮肾炎是最常见的继发性肾脏病,且病理类型以Ⅳ-G(±V)型最常见。     

1224例肾活检病理资料分析

目的 探讨本院近5年1224例肾活检资料的流行病学特点及病理类型分布特征.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月至2012年12月1224例肾脏疾病经皮肾活检的病理类型.结果 1224例肾脏疾病患者行肾活检时的年龄范围为4 ～ 82岁,男661例,女563例.本组原发性肾小球疾病占81.70％,继发性肾小球疾病占12.17％,小管间质疾病占5.07％,代谢相关性肾病占0.82％,移植肾占0.16％,未确定诊断0.08％.原发性肾小球疾病以系膜增生性肾小球肾炎最为常见,占30.30％,其次分别为IgA肾病28.00％,膜性肾病17.50％,局灶节段性肾小球硬化10.50％,增生硬化性肾炎3.90％,膜增生性肾小球肾炎3.10％,新月体肾炎2.60％,微小病变性肾病2.50％,毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎1.60％.继发性肾损害最常见的继发肾脏病是狼疮性肾炎31.54％,其次分别是高血压肾损害27.52％,紫癜性肾炎13.42％,肾脏淀粉样变性11.4％,糖尿病肾病7.38％,乙肝病毒相关性肾损害2.68％,血栓性微血管病2.01％.结论 原发性肾小球疾病仍为最常见的肾小球疾病,其中以系膜增生性肾小球肾炎最为常见,IgA肾病次之.且IgA肾病发病率呈逐年上升趋势.另外,继发性肾脏病逐渐增多,继发性肾脏疾病中仍以狼疮性肾炎最为多见.通过肾活检和临床病理讨论,不仅能明确疾病的病理类型,更重要的是指导临床治疗,选择最佳的治疗方案,并对疾病的预后作出比较正确的判断.     

广西老年肾活检患者临床与病理分析

目的分析广西老年肾活检患者常见的临床和病理类型。 方法本研究纳入了2012年8月至2015年8月在广西医科大学第一附属医院进行肾活检的373例老年患者(年龄≥60岁),收集患者的性别、年龄、民族、临床诊断、肾脏病理诊断等资料,应用SPSS13.0软件回顾性分析了老年肾活检患者的疾病谱分布特点,采用频数和百分比对分类变量进行统计描述。 结果老年肾活检患者最常见的临床综合征是肾病综合征(NS,50.1%),其次是急性肾损伤(AKI,28.7%)和慢性肾炎综合征(15.5%)。在老年肾活检患者中,原发性肾小球疾病占67.8%,继发性肾小球疾病占26.8%。在原发性肾小球疾病中,最常见的病理类型是特发性膜性肾病(IMN,71.9%),其次是微小病变(MCD,9.9%)和局灶节段肾小球硬化症(FSGS,7.9%)。在继发性肾小球疾病中,最常见的是抗中性粒细胞浆抗体(ANCA)相关性血管炎(AAV,31.0%),其次是狼疮肾炎(20.0%)和糖尿病肾病(12%)。老年人NS最常见的病理类型是IMN(75.4%),其次是MCD和FSGS,各占5.3%。老年AKI患者肾活检最常见的病理类型是IMN(26.2%),其次为AAV(24.3%) 。 结论NS是广西老年肾活检患者最常见的临床综合征,IMN是老年人NS和原发性肾小球疾病最常见的病理类型;AAV是继发性肾小球疾病最常见的原因。IMN和AAV分别为老年AKI患者肾活检常见的原发性与继发性病理类型,即该人群发生AKI的主要原因为IMN及AAV。     

慢性肾小球疾病谱演变和膜性肾病流行病学特点

目的分析近18年来广东省人民医院慢性肾小球疾病谱的构成和膜性肾病的流行病学特征。方法本研究纳入广东省人民医院2001年1月至2018年12月行肾穿刺活检的病例,分析慢性肾小球疾病病理类型构成和不同时期疾病谱变化,同时探讨膜性肾病的流行病学特点。结果研究共纳入6 366例肾穿刺活检病例,肾穿刺活检患者的病例数、平均年龄和男性比例逐年增加。IgA肾病(47.9%)、膜性肾病(27.8%)、微小病变性肾病(13.4%)、局灶节段性肾小球硬化症(8.0%)、膜性增生性肾小球肾炎(1.7%)居原发性肾小球疾病的前五位,狼疮肾炎(40.7%)、糖尿病肾病(13.7%)、高血压肾病(10.1%)、乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎(9.5%)、过敏性紫癜性肾病(9.3%)居继发性肾小球疾病的前五位。IgA肾病和狼疮肾炎分别是占比最高的原发性和继发性肾小球疾病,膜性肾病和糖尿病肾病分别是增长速度最快的原发性和继发性肾小球疾病。膜性肾病合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和高尿酸血症的比例逐年增加,合并高血压、糖尿病和高尿酸血症的患者中膜性肾病的发病率均高于未合并高血压、糖尿病和高尿酸血症的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论原发性肾小球疾病是肾穿刺活检患者的主要疾病类型,IgA肾病和狼疮肾炎是最常见的原发性和继发性肾小球疾病,膜性肾病和糖尿病肾病的发病率增长明显。膜性肾病的高发可能与代谢性疾病患病率增加相关。     

肾活检9825例临床病理分析

目的探讨山东地区肾穿刺活检患者病理类型的分布特点以及疾病谱的变迁。方法收集2014年1月至2018年10月共计9 825例肾活检患者的临床病理资料,对本地区肾脏疾病的临床病理特征进行回顾性分析。结果 9 825例病例中男女比例为1.22∶1,发病高峰年龄为40～60岁。其中原发性肾小球疾病7 524例,占所有病例的76.58%,常见的病理类型依次为膜性肾病(53.08%),IgA肾病(25.23%)和微小病变性肾小球肾炎(15.47%),膜性肾病构成比呈逐渐增加趋势。在继发性肾病中,最常见为狼疮肾炎(21.08%);其次为糖尿病肾病(18.70%)和高血压肾损伤(17.26%)。结论本地区肾脏疾病多见于中年人,以原发性肾小球疾病最常见,其中膜性肾病和IgA肾病是最多见的病理类型,膜性肾病的检出明显高于全国其他地区,且有增高趋势。继发性肾小球疾病以狼疮肾炎、糖尿病肾病及高血压肾损伤为常见。     

老年肾脏病肾活检的诊断价值与风险评估

目的探讨肾活检在老年肾脏病中的诊断价值与风险评估。方法回顾性分析我科住院行肾活检,且年龄≥60岁的123例老年肾脏病患者的临床病理资料及安全性。结果肾活检术成功率100％,肾活检取材肾小球数目均≥10个,共有6例出现轻度并发症,其中一过性肉眼血尿2例（占1．6％）,肾周小血肿4例（占3．2％）,余无严重并发症。123例患者中原发性肾小球疾病为105例（占85．4％）,而继发性肾脏病为18例（占14．6％）。在原发性肾小球疾病中最常见的病理类型是膜性肾病26例（占26．0%）,IgA。肾病25例（占25．0％）,其次为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎19例（占19％）。而继发性肾脏病中病理类型以糖尿病肾脏病11例最多见（占47．8％）。最常见的临床表现是肾病综合征（占39．8oA）和慢性肾小球肾炎（占33．3％）。临床诊断与肾活检结果尚存在差异（P〈0．05）。结论肾活检在老年性肾脏疾病患者中应用的成功率高而并发症少且大多较轻,其病理结果对明确诊断和决定治疗方案具有重要指导意义。     

老年肾脏病患者肾穿刺活检病理诊断的临床意义及安全性评估

目的：老年肾脏病患者临床表现复杂，肾脏病理多样，我们对其进行肾穿刺活检病理检查，为临床提供正确的诊断、治疗方法和判断预后的依据。方法：选择49例老年肾脏病患者，进行肾穿刺活检病理检查。并分析临床诊断和肾病理诊断。结果：老年人仍以原发性肾脏病最多。25例临床诊断为肾病综合征的患者中21例肾活检病理证实为原发肾病综合征，占84％（21／25），另有4例诊断为继发性肾病综合征，占16％（4／25）。7例临床呈急性肾衰竭的患者，仅3例新月体型肾炎。9例临床诊断为继发性肾脏病的患者中，仍有2例病理证实为为原发性肾脏病，另有其他虽然病理证实为继发性肾脏病．但与临床原发病不完全一致。结论：老年肾脏病患者肾穿刺活检病理诊断极为重要，其在临床治疗中起到不可忽视的指导作用．且较为安全。     

老年肾脏病患者的临床特点及病理改变分析

目的 探讨老年肾脏病患者的临床及病理特点。方法 回顾性分析我科56例老年肾脏病患者（年龄≥60岁,老年组）的临床和肾脏病理资料,并与同期住院的280例中青年肾脏病患者（年龄18～59岁,中青年组）资料进行对比。结果 ①老年组起病首发症状依次分别为肾病综合征、高血压、急性肾损害、慢性肾功能不全（32．1％、28．6H、14．3％、14．3％）;②老年组贫血发病率明显高于中青年组发病率（32．1%18．2％,P〈0．05）,低白蛋白血症、肾小球滤过率降低、高血压及高脂血症并发症更为常见（P〈0．05）。③老年组以原发性肾小球疾病为主（占71．4%,病理以膜性肾病（占19．6％）和IgA肾病（占17．9％）最常见。继发性肾脏疾病以高血压肾病（占41．7％）最常见。以急性肾损害为临床表现的老年患者,病理以急性。肾小管坏死（占37．5％）和新月体性肾炎（占37．50%）为多见。结论老年肾脏病患者的临床表现、肾脏病理与中青年不同,值得进一步研究。     

近20年肾脏病理谱变化趋势的回顾性分析

目的 通过对近20年肾脏病理类型的回顾性分析,为我国肾脏疾病谱的构成及其演变趋势提供信息.方法 回顾性分析近20年我科因肾脏疾病行肾活检患者4 105例的病理类型,并比较1994年～2003年与2004年～2013年前后10年间肾脏病理类型的变化.病理分型参考WHO1995年肾小球疾病组织学分型方案和2001年在全国肾活检病理诊断研讨会上拟定的肾活检病理诊断标准指导意见,结合临床资料、实验室检查结果、免疫病理及超微结构改变特点明确诊断.结果 本组4 105例肾脏疾病患者行肾活检时的平均年龄（34.5±12.3）岁,男女比例为0.85∶1.本组原发性肾小球疾病者3 410例（占83.0％）,继发性肾小球疾病者516例（占12.6％）,遗传性肾脏疾病者42例（占1.0％）,肾小管间质疾病者76例（占1.9％）,新发现罕见肾脏疾病者10例（占0.2％）,未分类者51例（占1.3％）.原发性肾小球疾病以IgA肾病最为常见1 450例（占42.5％）,最常见的继发性肾脏病是狼疮肾炎254例（占49.2％）.近10年肾活检患者人数明显增加,年龄增高,平均年龄从（31.9±11.2）岁增至（35.1±12.5）岁,40岁以上患者数量明显增多.分析前后10年间各种原发及继发性肾脏病的检出率,证实IgA肾病、膜性肾病、局灶节段性肾小球硬化症、微小病变均增多（均P＜0.01）,而系膜增生性病变、增生硬化性肾小球肾炎、膜增生性肾小球肾炎、硬化性肾小球肾炎则减少（均P＜0.01）.近10年还发现了一些少见的肾脏疾病（如：胶原Ⅲ肾病、纤维性肾小球病、免疫触须样肾小球病、肾小球囊肿病、脂蛋白肾病等）.结论 原发性肾小球疾病仍为我国最常见的肾小球疾病,近10年来,肾脏疾病谱发生了变化,其变化可能与医疗水平的提高和实际发病率的改变有关.     

451例肾活检临床病理分析

目的:探讨肾脏病理类型分布及临床、病理类型特点并分析其相互关系。方法:收集2015年04月～2019年02月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院肾病科451例≥14岁肾活检患者资料,根据患者性别、年龄、地域,分析肾脏各病理类型的变化及分布。结果:(1)原发性肾小球疾病(PGD) 376例(83. 37%),继发性肾小球疾病(SGD) 66例(14. 63%),肾小管间质性疾病6例(1. 33%),遗传性肾病2例(0. 44%)急性肾衰竭1例(0. 22%)。(2)原发性肾小球疾病最常见病理类型为Ig A肾病(208例,55. 32%),其次为膜性肾病(80例,21. 28%),局灶节段性肾小球硬化症(40例,10. 64%);继发性肾小球疾病最常见的病理类型为糖尿病肾病(32例,48. 48%),其次是紫癜性肾炎(11例,16. 67%),乙肝相关性肾炎(9例,13. 64%);(3)PGD的临床表现以肾炎综合征(184例,48. 94%)为主;其次是无症状尿检异常(74例,19. 68%)和肾病综合征(63例,16. 76%)。结论:本院IgA肾病是原发性肾小球疾病最常见的肾小球疾病,其次是膜性肾病,继发性肾脏疾病中糖尿病肾病占第一位。肾脏病理类型与患者年龄、性别、临床表现有有一定相关性,但未构成明确的规律对应关系,故对于肾脏疾病,肾活检仍是明确诊断,指导治疗的最佳手段。     

Epidemiologic data of renal diseases from a single unit in China: analysis based on 13,519 renal biopsies

Renal biopsy specimens of 13,519 cases were collected during the period of January 1979 to December 2002 from the Research Institute of Nephrology, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China. Analysis of the data of this group of patients showed that primary glomerulonephritis (GN) remained the most important and prevalent renal disease in China. The ratio of primary to secondary GN was 2.75:1. However, it is declining progressively in the past two decades with an increment in the incidence of diabetic nephropathy and nephrosclerosis. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) constituted 45.26% of the primary GN, while non-IgA mesangial proliferative lesions were 25.62%. Membranous nephropathy was 9.89% and minimal change disease was 0.93%, remarkably less. The most prevalent etiology of secondary GN was systemic lupus erythrematosus (SLE) (54.3%) followed by Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura (20.3%), diabetic nephropathy (6.6%), systemic vasculitides (4.0%), and amyloidosis (2.2%). Based on the study of biopsy materials obtained from 607 cases manifesting chronic renal failure, IgAN was identified as the most frequent cause (26.69%) of chronic renal failure.     

老年肾病综合征临床和病理分析

目的 :了解老年肾病综合征的临床表现和病理特点。方法 :对我院住院的 34例老年肾病综合征病人进行临床表现和病理类型分析。结果 :34例老年性肾病综合征 ,原发病为原发性肾小球肾炎者 2 3例 ,占 6 7.6 %,糖尿病肾病 6例 ,占 17.6 %。临床表现以浮肿、血尿为主 ,贫血的发生率为 35 .3%,慢性肾衰竭为 17.6 %。肾活检发现 ,原发性肾病综合征中膜性肾病最常见。老年肾病综合征病人用激素或激素加免疫抑制剂治疗的缓解率为 5 2 .9%,有效率为 2 6 .5 %,未缓解率为 2 0 .6 %。合并感染者占 14.7%。结论 :在肾病综合征中老年人所占比例并不高 ,其临床表现与年轻人的肾病综合征相似 ,但合并贫血、慢性肾衰竭 (CRF)和感染的比例较高 ,最常见的病因是慢性肾小球肾炎 ,其病理类型以膜性肾病 (MN)最常见。老年肾病综合征患者对激素或激素加免疫抑制剂治疗的反应尚可。     

Analysis of 4931 renal biopsy data in central China from 1994 to 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changing spectrum and clinicopathologic correlation of biopsy-proven renal diseases in central China. We retrospectively analyzed data of 4931 patients who underwent renal biopsy in ten hospitals between September 1994 and December 2014. Among them, 81.55% were primary glomerular diseases (GD), and 13.02% were secondary GD. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common primary GD (43.45%), followed by focal glomerulonephritis (16.79%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 14.35%), and membranous nephropathy (MN, 13.28%). IgAN was leading primary GD in patients under 60 years old, while MN was the leading one over 60 years old. The most frequent secondary GD was lupus nephritis (LN) (47.35%). The prevalence of IgAN, MN and minimal change disease was found to increase significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.01, respectively), while that of MsPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and LN decreased significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.05, respectively). The main indication for renal biopsy was proteinuria and hematuria (49.03%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (NS, 20.36%). IgAN was the most common cause in patients with proteinuria and hematuria, chronic-progressive kidney injury, hematuria and acute kidney injury; and MN was the leading cause of NS. Primary GD remained the predominant renal disease in central China. IgAN and LN were the most prevalent histopathologic lesions of primary and secondary GD, respectively. The spectrum of biopsy-proven renal disease had a great change in the past two decades. Proteinuria and hematuria was the main indication for renal biopsy.     

Membranous nephropathy in Japan: analysis of the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR)

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. The J-RBR/J-KDR registry developed by the Japanese Society of Nephrology provides nationwide cohort data for epidemiological studies of MN. MN was present in 36.8% of 1,203 primary nephrotic syndrome patients in Japan. In addition, 633 (77.9%) out of 813 MN patients were referred to as "idiopathic," whereas 22.1% were classified as "secondary" and involved conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, drug exposure, infections, cancer, and various collagen diseases. The mean age of the MN patients was 62.2 (2-88) years old, their mean eGFR was 76.7 (7.6-154.6) ml/min/1.73?m(2), and 63.3% had hypertension at the time of renal biopsy. On the basis of these findings, half of Japanese idiopathic MN patients have risk factors (age >60, male, or lower eGFR) for end-stage renal failure, and 10% belong to the high-risk group (daily proteinuria of over 8.0?g). Further studies with high-grade evidence should resolve the natural history and therapeutic problems of idiopathic MN in elderly Japanese.     

Renal biopsy in elderly patients: clinicopathological correlation in 117 Korean patients

AIM: In the elderly with renal disease, the clinical presentations are frequently inconsistent with the pathologic findings. We tried to clarify the differences in pathological findings between the young and the elderly, in Korea and in Western countries, and the usefulness of a percutaneous renal biopsy in the elderly with renal disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the clinical presentations and spectrums of renal histopathology by reviewing medical records and renal biopsy reports retrospectively in 117 Korean patients aged 60 years or more with renal disease. RESULTS: 85 patients had primary renal disease. The remaining 32 patients had renal diseases associated with systemic conditions. Out of the 85 patients with primary renal disease, 61 cases presented as idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Compared with renal biopsy results of younger adult patients (age 15-59, n = 1,908), membranous nephropathy, crescentic glomerulonephritis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, light chain disease, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura were more prevalent, but IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis were less common in the elderly patients. In clinical presentation, nephrotic syndrome and rapidly progressive renal failure were more prevalent, but asymptomatic urinary abnormality was less common in elderly patients. The responsiveness to treatment was good in elderly patients with minimal-change lesion (complete remission in all patients) but poor in crescentic glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. From the above findings, the clinical presentation, patterns of histopathology and responsiveness to treatment of elderly Korean patients were similar to those of the younger Korean control group and the Western elderly group. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous renal biopsy is a useful diagnostic aid and can be used as a therapeutic guideline even in elderly patients with renal disease.     

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy in horseshoe kidney: Case reports and literature review

Horseshoe kidney is the most common congenital renal fusion anomaly. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy is a common glomerulonephritis worldwide. However, the co‐occurrence of these diseases had not been reported in the literature. We report the first two cases with the occurrence of immunoglobulin A nephropathy in horseshoe kidney. The first case was a 26‐year‐old male with hypertension and proteinuria (1.4 g/24 h), his pathological finding was primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy. The second case was a 15‐year‐old female who presented with recurrent peliosis on bilateral lower extremities, haematuria and proteinuria (1.7 g/24 h). Her renal biopsy finding was Henoch–Schonlein purpura nephritis (secondary immunoglobulin A nephropathy). In both cases, renal biopsy was performed by experienced doctors under ultrasonic guidance at the renal upper pole and no postoperative complications were observed. After they were treated based on the renal pathological findings for 6 months, urine protein excretion decreased significantly and blood pressure and serum creatinine stabilized. It is possible that immunoglobulin A nephropathy occurs in a horseshoe kidney patient. Renal biopsy may be valuable and viable for horseshoe kidney patients with heavy proteinuria to identify pathologic type of glomerulopathy and to guide treatment, if renal biopsy is performed by experienced doctors at the renal upper pole under renal ultrasonic guidance.     

The Pisa experience of renal biopsies, 1977-2005

INTRODUCTION: Although several registries collecting data of patients with kidney diseases exist, only a few specifically collect data relating to renal biopsy. Kidney biopsy has been performed routinely in Pisa since 1977; the aim of this study was to report the relative frequency of nephropathies according to gender, age at time of biopsy, clinical presentation and renal function, based on histological diagnoses during the years 1977 through 2005. During this time, 3,810 kidney biopsies were performed, of which 89.3% were from native (n=3,446) and 10.7% from transplant kidneys. Throughout this period, 5% of renal biopsies were not diagnostic, so in this paper we report data regarding 3,269 native kidney nephropathies. METHODS: During the years 1977 through 2005, data for renal biopsies were collected on specific registers filled out by clinicians. Information collected in the database included a variety of indicators, such as clinical anamnesis, creatinine clearance, daily proteinuria, hemoglobin levels, blood pressure, height and weight, clinical presentation, and current medications. Clinical presentation was defined as urinary abnormalities (UA), nephrotic syndrome (NS) and acute nephritic syndrome (ANS). Renal diseases were divided into 4 major categories: primary glomerulonephritis (GN), secondary GN, tubulointerstitial nephropathies (TIN) and vascular nephropathies (VN). RESULTS: From 1977 up to 1987, a mean of 95 +/- 18 renal biopsies/year were performed; this number significantly increased to 185 +/- 22 renal biopsies/year (range 138-200) (p<0.001) in the following period (1988-2005). Renal biopsy was more frequently performed in males (59%) compared with females (41%). Of all diseases of the native kidney, primary GN was the most frequent (66%), followed by secondary GN (25.6%), TIN (4.2%) and VN (4.2%). The type of primary GN with the highest frequency was mesangial GN (both IgA and non-IgA) (45.7%), followed by membranous GN (23%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (19.8%), minimal change disease (5.3%), crescentic GN (4.2%) and postinfectious GN (2%). In terms of age, renal biopsy was more frequently performed in patients aged 20 to 60 years, and nearly 60% of patients presented a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >60 ml/min at the time of biopsy. The main clinical reason for performing renal biopsy was UA, in all the types of nephropathies.CONCLUSIONS: We confirm data that renal diseases are more frequent in men, with the exception of secondary GN. The mean age at diagnosis was 42 years resulting from the tendency not to perform renal biopsies in children and in elderly patients. Renal biopsy was mainly performed in patients with GFR >60 ml/min and asymptomatic urinary abnormalities suggesting concern on the part of clinicians regarding glomerular diseases. The tendency to perform renal biopsies has been significantly increasing throughout our follow-up period.     

Membranous glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immune deposits and crescents.

Sir, Membranous glomerulonephritis is most often idiopathic. However,membranous nephropathy can be secondary to other conditions.In this report, we present an unusual cause of secondary membranousglomerulonephritis. The pattern of injury was unusual in thatthe membranous nephropathy was associated with crescents. Theprimary disease was detected following the renal biopsy. A 29-year-old man presented with