老年恶性肿瘤血液流变性及血小板的变化

目的:了解老年恶性肿瘤患者血液流变学及血小板的变化。方法:对98例老年恶性肿瘤患者及40例健康老年人血液流变学指标、血小板计数、纤维蛋白原指标进行比较。结果:老年恶性肿瘤患者血液流变学参数及血小板计数均明显高于健康老年人。结论:老年恶性肿瘤患者血液存在高凝、高粘状态。     

146例老年心脑血管病血液流变学指标分析

目的研究老年心脑血管病患者的血液流变学改变、方法 对１４６例心脑血管病患者进行血液流变学检测，并设３７例健康者作为对照。结果血液流变学指标在高血压、冠心病、脑血管病和高脂血症中明显升高，与对照组比较有显著差异。高血压病的发病率为老年心脑血管病之首，其血液流变学指标有多项极显著升高。结论老年心脑血管病血液流变学指标有明显改变，其中以高血压病改变最为突出。     

老年冠心病患者血液流变性检测的价值

对１０９例老年冠心病（ＣＨＤ）患者血液流变性变化与１００名健康老年人比较、分析，发现老年ＣＨＤ患者血液流变性改善是明显的，尤以全血低切粘度（ηｂ，２０ｓ－１）最为显著（ｔ检验Ｐ＜０．０１；Ｘ２检验Ｐ＜０．００５）。从临床分型看，冠心病越严重，血液流变性异常率越高，各型之间有显著差异（Ｘ２检验Ｐ＜０．００５）。但是血液流变性异常对ＣＨＤ患者诊断灵敏度仅为３７．６１％，其中隐匿型ＣＨＤ仅为１８．６４％。提示：血液流变学检查不适用于在老年人群中筛选冠心病，亦不适用于冠心病的早期诊断。但可以判断冠心病的严重程度及其预后，对指导治疗和疗效观察有一定的参考价值。     

老年糖尿病血液流变学特点及临床意义

<正>目的:观察老年2型糖尿病患者血液流变学各项指标特点,探讨其临床意义。方法::随机选择30例老年2型糖尿病患者(糖尿病组)和30例体检健康老年人(正常对照组),空腹12h采取清晨静脉血5ml,检测血液流变学各项指标,并将检查结果进行统计学分析。结果:糖尿病组与对照组比较,血液流变学指标均有不同程度升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),显示高粘、高聚、高凝状态。结论:了解老年2型糖尿病患者血流变学的显著改变对老年糖尿病的预防及临床治疗有积极参考意义。     

老年感染性疾病的血液流变学观察

<正> 自70年代以来,血液流变学的检查测定在临床医学界得到广泛的开展,在老年医学领域中对年龄与血液流变学的关系,老年人合并糖尿病、冠心病、脑血管病时血液流变性的改变已有文献报道。为探讨老年人患感染性疾病时其感染程度与血液流变学的关系,我们观察了二年来48例不同程度的老年感染性疾病住院患者的血液流变性变化。现报道如下:     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血液流变学指标及ET、SOD水平变化的临床观察

目的:观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血液流变学指标及血浆内皮素(ET)和血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平的变化。方法:采用自动血流变测试仪测定COPD患者血液流变学指标,用RIA法测定血浆ET和血清SOD水平,并与健康对照组比较。结果:COPD患者血液流变学指标有明显变化,低切变率和高切变率全血粘度以及血浆粘度均增高,与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05),血浆ET浓度明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而血清SOD含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:COPD患者血液流变学指标异常、微循环障碍以及ET和SOD血液水平的变化是其病理改变的重要环节。     

血液流变性变化在老年人心绞痛发病中的临床意义

目的:探讨血液流变学指标检验对老年冠心病心绞痛防治的临床应用价值。方法:121例老年冠心病心绞痛患者进行血液流变学各项指标检查,并做心绞痛发作前后的比较。结果:心绞痛发作后全血粘度显著升高(P<0.05),尤以低切变率下更为突出(P<0.01);红细胞压积明显增高(P<9.05);血沉加快(P<0.05);血浆粘度发作前后无明显差异(P>0.05),但与健康人群正常值比较,已显著升高(P<0.05);红细胞聚集指数与刚性指数均显著升高(P<0.05),尤以前者明显(P<0.01);变形指数显著隆低(P<0.01)。结论:血液流变性的异常及进一步加重,是冠心病心绞痛的始动因素或中间环节之一。     

几种老年性疾病患者血液流变性及血脂变化

目的 :探讨脑梗死、高血压、冠心病、糖尿病等几种老年性疾病的血脂和血液流变学指标的变化。方法 :分别检测患者全血粘度 (ηb)、血浆粘度 (ηP)、红细胞压积 (HCT)、红细胞聚集指数 (EAI)、红细胞刚性指数 (TK)以及纤维蛋白原 (Fib)、胆固醇 (T ch)、甘油三脂 (TG)等指标 ,并与正常人对比分析。结果 :几种老年性疾病患者的血液流变学和血脂指标明显异常 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5～0 .0 1)。结论 :老年性疾病患者血液流变特性和血脂的异常改变 ,是引起体内血液瘀滞 ,导致微循环障碍和血栓形成的危险因素之一。检测这些指标 ,对老年性疾病诊断、治疗和预后判断具有重要意义。     

急性脑出血患者血液流变学改变的临床研究

目的探讨脑出血患者血液流变学改变的特点。方法收集住院脑出血病例157例,均经头颅CT确诊,测定其血液流变学指标,并与正常健康人群对照;对所有患者按血肿量大小及出血部位分组,观察各组血液流变学指标的差异。结果脑出血组血液流变学指标均高于正常对照组,组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。脑出血随血肿量的增大,血粘度增高,组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。在丘脑、壳核、脑干出血,血液流变学各项指标依次升高,组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论脑出血患者血液流变学呈浓、粘、聚、凝状态,血肿量及出血部位对血液流变学指标有影响。     

脑梗塞病人胰岛素、血糖与血液流变性关系的研究

目的探讨脑梗塞(CI)病人血浆胰岛素(INS)、血糖(BS)、血浆内皮素(ET)水平与血液流变学指标的相关性.方法对49例非急性期的脑梗塞患者和29例健康人分别测定INS、BS、ET以及血液流变学等指标.结果CI组与对照组比较INS、BS、ET明显升高(P＜0.01);血液流变学指标明显异常.ηb低切值、ESR、K值、EAI与INS呈明显正相关;ηb低切值、ESR、EAI与BS呈明显正相关;INS与ET、BS水平呈明显正相关(相关系数分别为r=0.48、0.4,P＜0.01).结论CI患者INS与ET、BS关系密切,互相作用,引起血液流变学的改变,导致脑缺血,促进脑梗塞的发生.     

冠心病患者血脂和亚临床甲状腺功能减退的临床观察

目的：对冠心病患者血脂和亚临床甲状腺功能减退情况进行观察并作探讨。方法：应用生物化学法和化学发光免疫分析测定了156例CHD患者[其中51例稳定型心绞痛（SAP）．48例不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）和57例急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者]和60例正常对照组的血脂和血清甲状腺激素（TH）,并进行了比较性分析。结果：156例CHD患者较60例正常对照组血清TC、TG、LDL—C和IJP（a）水平明显增高（P〈0．05—0．01）,血清HDL-C无明显差异（P〉0．05）,而且随SAP、UAP和AMI患者血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL—C水平逐渐降低,AMI患者降低最为明显,而血清LP（a）增高最为明显。在TH分析中,156例CHD患者较60例正常对照组血清B和rL水平明显降低（P均〈0．05）,而血清T4、FT4和TSH水平无明显差异（P均〉0．05）。而且随SAP、UAP和AMI患者血清L和FT,水平逐渐降低（P〈0．05～0．01）,AMI患者降低最为明显（P〈0．01）。结论：CHD患者血脂代谢紊乱。血脂TC、TG、LDL．C和Lp（a）水平明显增高,而血清己和nj水平明显降低,均随着CHD的严重程度而降低,而血清LP（g）增高。AMI患者血清LP（a）水平增高最为明显,而血清L和FT3水平降低最为明显。     

长沙地区健康人群血液流变指标变化规律的试验研究

目的测试不同性别、不同年龄组人体血液流变指标的变化规律。方法针对长沙地区成年人群（男性300例，女性300例），利用NDK3200-G全自动血液流变仪测定不同性别及不同年龄组人体血液流变指标的变化规律。结果血液在低切条件下呈现典型非牛顿流体特性，在高切条件下呈现牛顿流体特性；成年男性血液流变指标随年龄增大而降低，女性则相反；不同地区人群血液流变指标的统计结果存在一定差异。结论在医学检验及人工器官研究时，应根据不同地域、不同性别及不同年龄组来确定人体血液流变指标正常参考值。     

力平脂治疗高脂血症的血液流变性观察

观察法国科尼药厂生产的力平脂胶囊（Ｌｉｐａｎｔｈｙｌ）治疗８１例高脂血症患者用药前后的血脂变化，并对其中２５例进行血液流变性的测定。结果表明力平脂胶囊不仅具有显著的降低总胆醇和甘油三酯的作用，而且有提高高密度脂蛋白──胆固醇的作用。还能显著地降低血液粘度。     

超声多普勒检测糖尿病患者心功能的研究

目的检测糖尿病患者心功能。方法采用脉冲多普勒彩色超声心动图检测糖尿病、糖尿病合并冠心病患者各33例的心室结构和功能，并与健康组对照。结果糖尿病组的左心室舒张功能较健康组减退，而合并症组较糖尿病组减退更显著。结论糖尿病组的收缩功能与健康组间无统计学意义（P〉0．05），而三组问舒张功能有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。提示心室舒张功能较收缩功能变化更早、更显著。糖尿病组及合并症组左右心室均存在舒张功能障碍，表现为舒张早期心室充盈减低及房缩充盈代偿增强等（E峰流速减慢，A峰流速增快）。糖尿病的心室舒张功能减退与糖尿病的心脏病变和代谢紊乱均有关系，纠正代谢紊乱可避免心功能进一步恶化。     

中西医结合治疗对肺心病急性发作期血液流变性的影响

慢性肺源性心脏病（肺心病）,由于反复肺部感染,缺氧,易出现弥散性血管内凝血（ＤＩＣ）,从而导致肺血管阻力增加、肺动脉高压,而加重心衰和呼衰。为此我们于１９９２～１９９６年采取中西医结合方法治疗慢性肺心病急性发作期患者６０例,设对照组进行疗效对比,并对二组治疗前后的血液流变性改变及其与疗效的关系进行了分析。１　资料与方法１．１　临床资料肺心病急性发作期患者１０８例,病程２至２４年,均系住院病人。全部患者根据我国第二次肺心病专业会议制定的诊断标准［１］确诊。１０８例患者入院检测血液流变学指标均呈异常…     

The effects of prolactin and oxytocin on milk secretion and on the permeability of the mammary epithelium in the rabbit.

The effects of prolactin or oxytocin on milk secretion and the permeability of the mammary epithelium have been investigated in rabbits. 2. Milk yield was increased by prolactin treatment in late (25-28 days) but not in established (11-14 days) lactation. 3. Prolactin treatment increased milk [lactose] and [K] and decreased [Na] and [Cl] in late lactation, and thus reversed the normal changes in late lactation, but had no significant effect in established lactation. 4. [14C]sucrose movements from blood to milk were significantly decreased to levels characteristic of established lactation, following prolactin treatment in late lactation. No significant effect was evident with treatment in established lactation. Na and Cl movements showed similar trends. 5. It is suggested that prolactin in some way affects paracellular movements of ions and small molecules like lactose across the mammary epithelium, and that this mechanism is responsible for the changes in the composition of the aqueous phase of milk. 6. Immediately following a single dose of 100 m-u. oxytocin no significant effects on milk composition were evident but after 1 u. milk [Na] and [cl] were significantly increased. 7. Twenty-four hr after 1 u. oxytocin, milk [Na] and [cl] were decreased while [K], [lactose], [fat] and [protein] were increased. 8. During an I.V. infusion of oxytocin milk [Na] and [Cl] increased while [K] and [lactose] decreased. The passage of [(14)C]sucrose, 24Na and (36)Cl from blood to milk also increased. 9. These effects of oxytocin are discussed in relation to the permeability of the mammary epithelium and the pathways for ion movements, and to other studies on milk composition in the rabbit involving the administration of oxytocin to aid in the evacuation of milk.     

老年前期和老年期高血压病患者甲襞微循环的变化和意义

目的:探讨中老年高血压病患者甲襞微循环变化的特征及临床意义。方法:检测109例老年前期和老年期轻中度高血压病患者的甲襞微循环,并与58例健康中老年人作对照;比较老年前期和老年期高血压病患者甲襞微循环变化。结果:老年前期和老年期高血压病患者存在甲襞微循环障碍,甲襞微循环形态积分、流态积分、管周状态积分和总积分值均增高,与对照组比较有显著性差异。而老年期组甲襞微循环的管周状态、流态及总积分比老年前期组高。结论:中老年高血压病患者存在不同程度的微循环障碍,在治疗过程中辨证运用活血化瘀法以改善微循环有积极意义。     

Antagonistic behavior, dominance, hostility, and coronary heart disease

PURPOSE: This study investigated the relationship between antagonistic behavior, dominance, attitudinal hostility, and coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: One hundred one men and 95 women referred for thallium stress testing were administered the Structured Interview and the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. The Hostile Behavior Index, derived from the Structured Interview and developed by Haney et al., served as an index of antagonism, and the frequency with which interviewees interrupted their interviewer served as a measure of dominance. On the basis of their medical history and thallium stress test results, patients were classified as having (N = 44) or not having (N = 99) CHD. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Multivariate logistic regressions (with age, gender, disease, and lifestyle risk factors in the model) revealed that both the Hostile Behavior Index and dominance were significant independent risk factors for CHD (relative risk [RR] = 1.22 and 1.47, p < .03). Of the two Hostile Behavior Index component scores, indirect challenge and irritability, only the latter correlated significantly with CHD (RR = 1.27, p < .03). Separate logistic regressions for men and women suggest that subtle, indirect manifestations of antagonism confer CHD risk in women and that more overt expressions of anger confer risk in men. A significant univariate correlation between hostility scale scores and CHD became not significant when we adjusted for socioeconomic status.     

Phenotype-specific effect of chromosome 1q21.1 rearrangements and GJA5 duplications in 2436 congenital heart disease patients and 6760 controls

Recurrent rearrangements of chromosome 1q21.1 that occur via non-allelic homologous recombination have been associated with variable phenotypes exhibiting incomplete penetrance, including congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the gene or genes within the ~1 Mb critical region responsible for each of the associated phenotypes remains unknown. We examined the 1q21.1 locus in 948 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), 1488 patients with other forms of CHD and 6760 ethnically matched controls using single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping arrays (Illumina 660W and Affymetrix 6.0) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. We found that duplication of 1q21.1 was more common in cases of TOF than in controls [odds ratio (OR) 30.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.9-107.6); P = 2.2 × 10(-7)], but deletion was not. In contrast, deletion of 1q21.1 was more common in cases of non-TOF CHD than in controls [OR 5.5 (95% CI 1.4-22.0); P = 0.04] while duplication was not. We also detected rare (n = 3) 100-200 kb duplications within the critical region of 1q21.1 in cases of TOF. These small duplications encompassed a single gene in common, GJA5, and were enriched in cases of TOF in comparison to controls [OR = 10.7 (95% CI 1.8-64.3), P = 0.01]. These findings show that duplication and deletion at chromosome 1q21.1 exhibit a degree of phenotypic specificity in CHD, and implicate GJA5 as the gene responsible for the CHD phenotypes observed with copy number imbalances at this locus.