集群免疫治疗对支气管哮喘患者血清IL-4和INF-γ的影响

目的检测集群免疫治疗(cluster immunotherapy)前后轻中度支气管哮喘患者血清白细胞介素4(IL-4)和γ干扰素(INF-γ)的变化,探讨集群免疫治疗的机制。方法 68例轻中度过敏性哮喘患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组各34例,对照组给予抗组胺药物、布地奈德气雾剂和沙丁胺醇气雾剂治疗;治疗组在应用上述药物的同时给予剂量累加阶段为期7周的集群免疫治疗,而后每4周给予1次维持治疗。两组疗程均为1年,在治疗前后分别采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测患者血清IL-4和INF-γ值。检测数据应用SPSS15.0统计学软件进行分析。结果两组中所有患者均完成了为期1年的治疗。治疗后两组患者血清IL-4值降低,而血清INF-γ值升高。治疗组血清IL-4值(均数±标准差)由治疗前的(17.01±3.26)ng/L降至(11.43±2.48)ng/L,而对照组由治疗前的(16.84±2.94)ng/L降至(13.89±3.05)ng/L,治疗组血清IL-4值明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组血清INF-γ值(均数±标准差)由治疗前的(12.24±2.39)ng/L增至(16.98±3.16)ng/L,而对照组由治疗前的(11.96±2.15)ng/L增至(13.92±2.34)ng/L,治疗组血清INF-γ值明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论集群免疫治疗能有效降低患者血清IL-4值,同时能升高INF-γ值。本研究表明调节患者血清IL-4和INF-γ的平衡可能是集群免疫治疗的分子免疫机制之一。     

血清血管内皮细胞生长因子与肝细胞癌临床关系的研究

目的检测肝细胞癌(HCC)经导管化疗栓塞(TACE)前血清血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)水平,并研究其与HCC侵袭,特别是复发转移的关系. 资料与方法前瞻性对30例HCC患者分别于术前取外周静脉血采用酶联免疫夹心法(ELISA)定量测量血清VEGF水平,于TACE术后3个月评估患者肝癌复发转移发生情况,同时以20例健康男性作为对照组予以对照. 结果 (1)对照组20例血清VEGF水平为22.82±10.95ng/L;(2)30例HCC患者术前血清VEGF水平为154.47±90.17ng/L,与对照组比较有统计学意义(P=0.0001);(3)转移肝癌组患者术前的血清VEGF为211.06±112.11ng/L,显著高于非转移肝癌组患者(135.79±49.82ng/L,P＜0.05).追踪半年期间,血清VEGF高水平组(＞100ng/L)患者中74%再发;而血清VEGF低水平组(＜100ng/L)的患者中无1例再发. 结论血清VEGF高水平是对应的肿瘤组织高表达的结果,与TACE术后HCC复发转移发生有关,HCC患者在TACE术前的血清VEGF水平可以作为预测HCC患者介入后复发转移的生物学指标.     

血清与卵泡液中血管内皮生长因子在控制性超排卵周期中的变化

目的 本研究通过观察控制性超排卵患者的血清及卵泡液中血管内皮生长因子的变化,探讨血管内皮生长因子与卵泡发育的关系。方法 50个行体外受精-胚胎移植治疗周期的患者为研究对象。分别于月经周期第2天、取卵日抽取静脉血20例,收集取卵日卵泡直径≥18mm或≤16mm卵泡的卵泡液各25例,用酶联免疫吸附试验方法测定VEGF的浓度。结果 取卵日血清VEGF水平(116.9±17.1)mg/L较月经第2天的(92.0±17.2)ng/L明显增高(P<0.001);取卵日卵泡直径≥18mm卵泡液中VEGF水平(1630.6±144.8)ug/L较卵泡直径≤16mm(1475.9±155.5)ng/L高(P<0.05);20例取卵日卵泡液水平(1492.8±184.9)ng/L显著高于同期血清的(116.9±17.1)ng/L(P<0.001)。结论 控制性超排卵周期中血清及卵泡液中VEGF水平均升高,可能参与卵泡发育、卵母细胞成熟。     

防晕船口服液对晕船患者血管加压素及胃泌素的影响

目的观察防晕船口服液在海上预防晕船时对晕船高敏者血浆血管加压素和血清胃泌素水平的影响。方法在登陆艇上进行双盲对照试验,40名晕船高敏者分为2组,分别于开船前30 m in服用安慰剂(对照组)和防晕船口服液(试验组),用放射免疫法测定航渡前后受试者血浆血管加压素和血清胃泌素水平,记录受试者出现的晕船症状并评分。结果试验组晕船症状评分和对照组相比显著降低(4.80±0.69分υs7.12±0.28分,P<0.01),恶心呕吐症状评分降低更为明显(1.45±0.46分υs3.70±0.42分,P<0.01)。航渡前两组受试者血浆血管加压素(24.06±2.29υs24.54±1.76 ng/L)和血清胃泌素(51.80±8.32υs50.36±8.14 ng/L)水平差别无统计学意义(P>0.05);航渡后试验组血浆血管加压素(29.55±2.40 ng/L)明显低于对照组(37.98±2.86 ng/L),血清胃泌素(73.11±12.10ng/L)水平显著高于对照组(40.38±5.99 ng/L)。在对照组,航渡后血浆血管加压素水平显著升高,血清胃泌素则有所降低,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在试验组,航渡后血浆血管加压素和血清胃泌素水平较航渡前均有所升高,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论防晕船口服液具有明显的预防晕船作用,其抗运动病机制可能与降低血浆血管加压素水平和提高血清胃泌素水平有关。     

同步放化疗对非小细胞肺癌患者Fas水平的影响

目的 用酶联免疫吸附试验研究非小细胞肺癌患者同步放化疗对血清可溶性Fas的影响及其与预后的关系。方法 对60例患者比较治疗前、治疗后1个月血清Fas水平变化,并设正常对照组。比较治疗有效组(完全缓解+部分缓解,50例)与无效组(无变化+进展,10例) 治疗前Fas水平变化。以2年生存为观察指标,观察血清Fas水平对生存时间的影响。结果 非小细胞肺癌患者治疗前血清Fas水平明显高于正常对照组(8.55±0.63) ng/L和(6.03±0.55) ng/L(t=18.63,P<0.01),治疗后1个月明显低于治疗前(7.24±0.52) ng/L和(8.55±0.63) ng/L(t=12.44,P<0.01)。治疗有效组疗前血清Fas水平明显低于无效组的(8.02±0.43)ng/L和(8.97±0.42)ng/L(t=8.67,P<0.01)。生存满2年者(26例)治疗前Fas水平明显低于生存不足2年者(34例)(t=645.88,P<0.05)。结论 同步放化疗可降低非小细胞肺癌患者血清可溶性Fas水平,治疗前后Fas水平变化有可能成为判断非小细胞肺癌患者预后的观察指标。     

雷尼替丁对老年复发性口腔溃疡患者血清IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-2水平的影响

【摘要】 目的 探讨雷尼替丁治疗老年复发性口腔溃疡的临床疗效及其对患者血清γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-2 (IL-2)水平的影响。方法 选取2019年7月至2020年11月丹东市人民医院收治的70例老年复发性口腔溃疡患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法将其随机分为观察组(35例)和对照组(35例),观察组患者在冰硼散联合维生素C治疗的基础上加用雷尼替丁治疗,对照组患者采用冰硼散联合维生素C治疗,对比两组患者IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-2水平变化情况以及临床疗效与不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗7 d后,观察组患者IFN-γ水平为(77.18±11.39) mmol/L,明显高于对照组患者的IFN-γ(63.18±12.39) mmol/L (t =4.921,P＜0.001);TNF-α水平为(2.78±0.42)mg/ ml、IL-2水平为(0.25±0.06)mg/ml,明显低于对照组患者的TNF-α水平(5.97±1.46) mg/ml、IL-2水平(0.73±0.10) mg/ ml (t=12.420、24.350,P 均＜0.001)。治疗7 d后,观察组患者总有效率为97.14%,明显高于对照组患者的总有效率82.86% (χ2=3. 968,P=0.046)?治疗过程中,观察组患者不良反应发生率为11.43%,与对照组患者的不良反应发生率11.43%无明显差异(χ2 =0.000,P =1.000)。结论 雷尼替丁治疗老年复发性口腔溃疡,可明显改善机体IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-2等因子的表达水平,提高临床疗效,且安全性较高,值得临床推广应用。     

乙肝肝硬化患者血浆肾上腺髓质素及内皮素检测的临床意义

目的探讨乙肝肝硬化患者血浆肾上腺髓质素(ADM)和内皮素(ET)水平变化及其临床意义。方法应用放射免疫分析法检测50例正常健康人和62例乙肝肝硬化患者的ADM和ET水平。结果正常组ADM和ET水平分别为(46.64±3.55)ng/L和(6.35±2.72)ng/L,乙肝肝硬化组分别为(82.64±5.57)ng/L和(61.78±15.64)ng/L,肝硬化组血浆ADM和ET水平显著高于正常组(均P<0.01)。结论乙肝肝硬化患者血浆ADM和ET水平增高,可能与肝硬化的发生、发展有重要关系,ADM水平增高可能因抑制内皮素和血管紧张素Ⅱ的释放而对维持肝硬化患者机体血液循环的自身调节是一种有益的保护作用。     

心力衰竭患者血浆肾素活性和血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度变化及其与钠的关系(摘要)

作者报告不同类型心衰患者(20例,男9例,女11例,按NYHA心功能均为Ⅳ级)血浆中肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(ATⅡ)、血清钠和24h尿钠排出量;健康44人作对照,探讨钠对心衰患者PRA和AT_Ⅱ浓度的影响。结果表明。(1)左心衰患者PRA(4740±738.9ng/L·h~(-1))和AT_Ⅱ(80.69±9.20ng/L)浓度高于健康人(分别为630±98.0ng/L·h~(-1)和21.36±1.59ng/L),也高于右心衰患者(分别为270±102.9ng/L·h~(-1)和25.00±7.10ng/L)。(2)左心衰患者属高肾素型,右心衰患者则属低肾素型或正常肾素型。(3)心衰患者PRA和AT_Ⅱ浓度与尿钠排出量呈负相关。     

血浆TGF-β、TNF-α及IL-10水平在预测放射性肺炎中的价值研究

目的 探讨接受放疗的胸部肿瘤患者血液中TNF-α、TGF-β、IL-10水平变化与放射性肺炎(RP)的关系。方法 对69例接受三维适形放疗的Ⅲ期肺癌或食管癌患者采用酶联免疫吸附实验法于放疗前、放疗剂量达40~50 Gy时及放疗后检测血浆中TNF-α、TGF-β和IL-10水平,并计算IL-10/TNF-α比值。结果 28例患者发生RP。RP者中放疗前TGF-β、TNF-α、IL-10和IL-10/TNF-α分别为(15.2±13.4)μg/L、(28.4±13.4)、(24.1±17.1)ng/L和1.01±0.86;放疗中TNF-α升高达(36.1±15.5)ng/L(t=2.01,P=0.040),IL-10下降达(18.8±10.8)ng/L(t=1.40,P=0.166),IL-10/TNF-α下降为0.62±0.55(t=1.90,P=0.063);放疗后TNF-α高于放疗前[(36.9±15.5)ng/L;t=-2.20,P=0.032],IL-10和IL-10/TNF-α分别为(13.7±6.2)ng/L和0.41±0.21,明显低于放疗前(t=3.03,P=0.005;t=3.60,P=0.001);TGF-β在放疗前、中、后均相似(P＞0.05)。在无RP者中放疗前TGF-β、TNF-α、IL-10和IL-10/TNF-α与放疗中、后均相似(P＞0.05)。RP者与无RP 者中放疗前TGF-β相似(t=0.54,P=0.594),放疗中前者TNF-α明显高于后者(t=2.02,P=0.048),放疗后前者IL-10和IL-10/TNF-α明显低于后者(t=2.50,P=0.015;t=4.63,P=0.000)。结论 TNF-α和IL-10水平变化与RP发生密切相关,动态监测其变化可早期预测RP发生,可作为急性放射性肺损伤易感性指标。     

银屑病与恶性肿瘤患者红细胞天然免疫分子CD59与可溶性IL-2R相关性变化的比较研究

目的　探讨银屑病和恶性肿瘤患者红细胞CD5 9与可溶性IL 2受体 (sIL 2R)之间的变化规律。方法　应用流式细胞仪检测银屑病患者新鲜红细胞表面CD5 9分子的表达水平 ,采用双抗体夹心法测定可溶性白细胞介素 2受体 (sIL 2R)水平。结果　 2 6例银屑病患者红细胞CD5 9定量 ,平均荧光相对强度 63 1.0 0± 166 70 ,明显高于肿瘤患者的 5 2 5 .8± 12 4 2 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而 19例正常人sIL 2R含量为 (173 6.5 8±65 0 .10 )ng/L明显低于肿瘤患者的 (2 3 64 .80± 83 1.2 0 )ng/L ,(P <0 .0 5 )。 65例标本同时测定红细胞CD5 9与sIL 2R ,两者之间呈明显负相关 (γ =-0 .3 12 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　对银屑病与肿瘤患者红细胞CD5 9与sIL 2R之间变化的比较分析为免疫反应的调控规律及全面理解不同性质疾病的免疫发病机制提供了有用的信息。     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者Siglec-1蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的检测Siglec-1(CD169)在原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者外周血单核细胞上的蛋白表达,并探讨其与原发性胆汁性肝硬化发生发展的作用及临床意义。方法流式细胞术检测35例原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者及35例健康对照者、35例肝炎后肝硬化对照者外周血CD14CD169双阳性细胞的表达率;生化常规测定所有入选者血清生化指标水平。结果流式细胞术检测结果显示:原发性胆汁性肝硬化组外周血CD14CD169双阳性率为(13.0±2.2)%,显著高于健康对照组(1.0±0.2)%,及肝炎后肝硬化对照组(4.1±0.4)%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。并且Siglec-1表达与GGT(r=0.44,P<0.01)和ALP水平(r=0.33,P<0.05)密切相关。结论原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者单核细胞表面siglec-1蛋白表达显著增高,说明原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者外周血单核细胞已经发生巨噬细胞化,单核巨噬细胞介导的免疫炎症反应在原发性胆汁性肝硬化发生发展过程中起重要作用。     

Serum ferritin as a marker of potential biochemical iron overload in athletes.

OBJECTIVES: Beyond hematological manipulation, iron supplementation therapy is commonplace in athletes to counterbalance physiological or pathologic anemia and to prevent physiologic dysfunction. However, misuse of iron therapy, occasionally resulting in iron overload, is not free from metabolic risks. DESIGN: We planned to measure baseline serum ferritin concentration in sedentary individual and athletes. SETTING: The Institute of Clinical Biochemistry of the Verona University. PARTICIPANTS Serum ferritin was measured in 60 male healthy sedentary controls, 80 amateur road cyclists, 42 male professional cross-country skiers, and 88 professional male road cyclists. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS: The biochemical iron overload was ascertained by measuring baseline serum ferritin concentration as a reliable approach that mirrors the total body iron content. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The concentration of serum ferritin in healthy controls was 112 +/- 78 ng/mL, whereas that of amateur cyclists, professional skiers, and professional cyclists was 127 +/- 76 ng/mL (P = 0.185), 183 +/- 130 ng/mL (P = 0.001), and 332 +/- 218 ng/mL (P < 0.001), respectively. RESULTS: Both categories of professional athletes showed significantly increased concentrations of serum ferritin, whereas the concentration of amateur cyclists was comparable to that of healthy sedentary controls. CONCLUSIONS: Professional endurance athletes have serum ferritin concentrations that are 2-fold to 3-fold higher than those of matched sedentary individuals and amateur athletes, exceeding the threshold for the diagnosis of biochemical iron overload and unveiling potential metabolic risks.     

桥本甲状腺炎患者血清IL-17及IFN-γ的表达及临床意义

目的探讨桥本甲状腺炎(HT)患者血清中细胞因子白细胞介素-17(IL-17)及γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)的表达情况及其临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测36例HT患者和30例健康对照者血清中细胞因子IL-17及IFN-γ的含量。结果 HT患者血清中IL-17的含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05);IFN-γ含量与对照组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 IL-17可能在HT发病中起重要作用。     

氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白及内皮素-1水平与消化性溃疡

为探讨低密度脂蛋白的氧化修饰程度及内皮素分泌情况在胃及十二指肠溃疡发病中的作用及其机理，用单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附法和放射免疫分析均相竞争法分别测定了血浆中氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白和内皮素－１的含量。结果：胃及十二指肠溃疡患者血浆中的氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白水平分别为（０．５２±０．０９）ｍｇ／Ｌ和（０．６７±０．０９）ｍｇ／Ｌ，均较正常人（０．３２±０．０７）ｍｇ／Ｌ呈显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），内皮素－１水平在胃及十二指肠溃疡时分别为（１０．２±２．３）ｎｇ／Ｌ和（１３．１±２．８）ｎｇ／Ｌ，也较正常人（６．０±１．３）ｎｇ／Ｌ明显地增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；两项指标在胃溃疡患者均明显地低于十二指肠溃疡患者（Ｐ＜０．０５）；且两指标的总体水平均与溃疡直径呈明显正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白和内皮素－１可能参与了溃疡的形成过程，并有可能是造成溃疡的重要因素。     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者检测可溶性肿瘤坏死因子sTRAIL的意义

目的探讨PBC患者中的肿瘤坏死因子sTRAIL的表达情况。方法采用双抗体夹心法来检测60例PBC患者血清中的sTRAIL,并以60例自身免疫病患者(40例系统性红斑狼疮患者,8例类风湿性关节炎,12例强直性脊柱炎)、60例健康体检者为对照组。检测ALP、GGT、IgM与sTRAIL的相关性。结果 PBC患者血清中的sTRAIL的浓度显著低于健康体检者(P<0.05),并根据临床不同分期检测后发现,PBC患者血清中sTRAILⅢ期、Ⅳ期低于Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期结果(P<0.05),表明血清中sTRAIL在PBC患者中的检测有一定的显著意义,并与病情程度存在一定的相关性。并且sTRAIL与ALP、GGT、IgM均呈负相关(r=-0.4335,P<0.01、r=-0.6502,P<0.01、r=-0.5610,P<0.01)。结论 PBC患者血清中的sTRAIL浓度变化与原发性胆汁性肝硬化的病程呈一定的相关性,对于临床观察病情的发展,指导临床医生的诊断提供一些辅助的参考。     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者外周血IL15的表达及临床意义

目的检测IL15在原发性胆汁性肝硬化(primary biliary cirrhosis,PBC)患者中的表达情况,并初步探讨IL15与疾病发生发展关系。方法采用荧光定量PCR检测30例PBC、30例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者(疾病对照)和30例健康对照者的外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中IL15 mRNA的表达,酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中IL15蛋白水平,并分析IL15与PBC患者肝功能指标之间的相关性。结果和健康对照组相比,PBC组和疾病对照组IL15 mRNA和蛋白的表达明显升高(P<0.05);PBC患者IL15的蛋白表达水平与总胆红素(TBIL)、r-谷氨酰基转移酶(r-GT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平均呈显著正相关(r=0.599,P<0.01;r=0.407,P<0.05;r=0.452,P<0.05)。结论IL15的表达与PBC的发生发展存在一定的相关性,可能与肝内胆管损伤及其严重程度有关,可作为PBC的辅助诊断和病情监测指标之一。     

Neutrophil and monocyte responses to downhill running: Intracellular contents of MPO,IL‐6, IL‐10, pstat3, and SOCS3

High‐intensity exercise results in immune activation. This study determined whether (a) there is concordance between serum MPO and neutrophil and/or monocyte intracellular MPO content; (b) peripheral blood mononuclear cells respond to inflammatory interleukins (ILs) by increasing intracellular signaling. Healthy male (n = 12) volunteers participated in high‐intensity running (12 × 5 min, 10% decline, 15 km/h). Blood sample (pre, post, 4 h) analyses included serum concentrations of IL‐1β, IL‐1ra, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, matrix metalloprotease‐9 (MMP‐9) and creatine kinase (CK). Intracellular IL‐6, IL‐10, MPO and STAT3/SOCS3 signaling were assessed in mononuclear cells. CK (1573 ± 756 u/L), MMP‐9 (101 ± 27 ng/mL), neutrophil (9.89 ± 0.76 × 10⁹ cells/L) and monocyte counts (1 ± 0.08 × 10⁹ cells/L) increased at 4 h. At 4 h serum (7.1 ± 1.3 ng/mL) and monocyte MPO (1.7‐fold) increased, whereas neutrophil MPO decreased (0.8‐fold). Intracellular monocyte IL‐10 and IL‐6 decreased by 15% and 20–30%, respectively, coinciding with elevations in serum IL‐10 of 14.5 ± 4.7 pg/mL and IL‐6 of 5.4 ± 2.9 pg/mL, suggesting immune cell cytokine release in response to exercise. Intracellular PBMC p‐STAT3 to total STAT3 ratio increased from pre to 4 h. Circulating monocytes are responsive to increased serum IL‐6 suggesting a negative feedback loop via STAT3 signaling.     

Acute exercise-induced glycocalyx shedding does not differ between exercise modalities,but is associated with total antioxidative capacity

ObjectivesRegular physical exercise is known to protect endothelial integrity. It has been proposed that acute exercise-induced changes of the (anti-)oxidative system influence early (glycocalyx shedding) and sustained endothelial activation (shedding of endothelial cells, ECs) as well as endothelial-cell repair by circulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs). However, results are not conclusive and data in trained participants performing different exercise modalities is lacking.DesignEighteen healthy, well-trained participants (9 runners, 9 cyclists; age: 29.7 ± 4.2 yrs) performed a strenuous acute exercise session consisting of 4 bouts of 4-min high-intensity with decreasing power profile and 3-min low-intensity in-between.MethodsAverage power/speed of intense phases was 85% of the peak achieved in a previous incremental test. Before and shortly after exercise, total oxidative and antioxidative capacities (TAC), shedding of syndecan-1, heparan sulfate, hyaluronan, ECs, and circulating HPCs were investigated.ResultsTAC decreased from 1.81 ± 0.42 nmol/L to 1.47 ± 0.23 nmol/L post-exercise (p = 0.010) only in runners. Exercise-induced early and sustained endothelial activation were enhanced post-exercise- syndecan-1: 103.2 ± 63.3 ng/mL to 111.3 ± 71.3 ng/mL, heparan sulfate: from 2637.9 ± 800.1 ng/mL to 3197.1 ± 1416.3 ng/mL, both p < 0.05; hyaluronan: 84.3 ± 21.8 ng/mL to 121.4 ± 29.4 ng/mL, ECs: from 6.6 ± 4.5 cells/μL to 9.5 ± 6.2 cells/μL, both p < 0.01; results were not different between exercise modalities and negatively related to TAC concentrations post-exercise. HPC proportions and self-renewal ability were negatively, while EC concentrations were positively associated with circulating hyaluronan concentrations.ConclusionsThese results highlight the importance of the antioxidative system to prevent the endothelium from acute exercise-induced vascular injury – independent of exercise modality – in well-trained participants. Endothelial-cell repair is associated with hyluronan signaling, possibly a similar mechanism as in wound repair.