非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术分析（附74例报告）

目的评价非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术的临床效果。方法对74例冠心病患者在非体外循环心脏不停跳下行冠状动脉搭桥术。11例患者使用了主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP),术中用CTS或Guidant组织固定器进行冠状动脉搭桥。选用的血管材料有左乳内动脉53根、右乳内动脉3根、桡动脉18根、大隐静脉152根、头静脉1根。结果72例治愈;共搭桥227根,平均3.07根,病人心绞痛症状全部缓解;术后住院8~45d,平均(18.03±5.24)d。死亡2例,1例为使用IABP后肾功能衰竭;1例为术后呼吸衰竭。结论非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥手术安全、有效,不仅适用于多支病变患者,而且也适用于危重病例。     

心脏不停跳全动脉化冠状动脉搭桥术15例报告

目的　评价非体外循环心脏不停跳全动脉化冠状动脉搭桥术的临床价值及意义。方法　自 2 0 0 1年 6月至 2 0 0 3年 1 0月 ,采用非体外循环心脏不停跳技术 ,给 4 0例冠心病患者行冠状动脉搭桥术 (OPCABG) ,其中 1 5例全部采用乳内动脉 (1 7支 )和桡动脉 (1 8支 )作为移植血管材料。共搭桥 35支 ,平均 2 33支。术中使用CTS心脏固定器。结果　全组无术中需转体外循环情况 ,无围术期急性心肌梗塞 ,无死亡病例。术后心绞痛症状全部缓解 ,住院天数为 1 3～ 2 7天 ,平均 1 6 5 2天。结论　非体外循环心脏不停跳全动脉化冠状动脉搭桥手术是简便、安全、有效、经济的方法 ;近期效果与同时使用静脉桥的搭桥术相同 ;围手术期无动脉性桥血管痉挛的情况发生。远期效果有待观察     

非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术11例体会

目的　报告 11例非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术并探讨其优点。方法　行非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术 11例 ,使用心肌表面局部固定器及冠状动脉内分流管 ,连续缝合搭桥共 2 6支 ,平均 (2 .3± 0 .5 )支。结果　全部手术成功 ,术后并发心律失常 3例 ,急性心包填塞 1例 ,左心功能不全 1例。 11例病人均痊愈出院 ,除 1例心绞痛症状无明显缓解外 ,余患者心绞痛明显减轻或消失。结论　非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥手术安全可行 ,优点多 ,避免了心肌再灌注损伤及体外循环术后并发症。     

非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术22例报告

目的 探讨非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术(OPCAB)的临床实用价值.方法 自2004年3月～2006年8月,22例冠心病患者接受非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术.采用前胸正中切口,应用CTS、OCTOPUS血管固定器,搭桥1～5(平均3)根.结果 无手术死亡,无1例中转体外循环,ICU时间(1.2±0.3)d,术后(12.8±4.5)d出院.术后随访6～29个月,平均(20±7)个月,所有患者心绞痛症状消失,活动量增加.结论 非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术安全、经济、有效,适用于体外循环高危患者,并可应用于多支血管病变,值得推广应用.     

非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术22例报告

目的 探讨非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术(OPCAB)的临床实用价值.方法 自2004年3月～2006年8月,22例冠心病患者接受非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术.采用前胸正中切口,应用CTS、OCTOPUS血管固定器,搭桥1～5(平均3)根.结果 无手术死亡,无1例中转体外循环,ICU时间(1.2±0.3)d,术后(12.8±4.5)d出院.术后随访6～29个月,平均(20±7)个月,所有患者心绞痛症状消失,活动量增加.结论 非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术安全、经济、有效,适用于体外循环高危患者,并可应用于多支血管病变,值得推广应用.     

非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术临床分析（附11例报告）

（1）目的 总结探讨11例非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术（OPCAB）的经验。（2）方法 2001年6－12月对11例冠心患采用非体外循环心脏不停跳方法完成冠状动脉搭桥术。（3）结果 共搭桥35支，平均3．17支／例，其中左乳内动脉桥8支，大隐静脉桥27支。6例患（54．5％）未血，无手术死亡及并发症。（4）结论 非体外循环搭桥术克服了体外循环搭桥术（CABG）的诸多缺点和弊端，手术简化，时间缩短，适应证扩大，并发症明显减少，效果满意。     

心脏跳动下冠状动脉搭桥术10例

目的：总结10例心脏跳动下行冠状动脉搭桥术的经验。方法：非体外循环下完成冠状动脉搭桥术10例。其中1支血管病变3例、2支血管病变3例，3支血管病变4例，均为中度以上心绞痛。心脏射血分数45．3％－58．6％。5例合并糖尿病、2例合并高血压、多发性脑梗塞2例、肾功能中度损害1例，术前有陈旧性心肌梗塞3例。结果：分别采用大隐静脉、桡动脉、乳内动脉完成血运重建，搭桥1支－3支，平均1．6支。出院时患者均无心绞痛主诉，无围术期并发症及死亡。结论：利用稳定器，选择好患者，在非体外循环下可以完成冠状动脉血运重建，特别适用于其他脏器有损害不适于做体外循环手术的患者。     

心脏不停跳先吻合桥血管近端"序贯式"冠状动脉搭桥术

目的:评价非体外循环心脏不停跳先吻合桥血管近端"序贯式"吻合冠状动脉搭桥术的临床价值.方法:自2004年7月至2007年3月,在非体外循环心脏不停跳下,采用乳内动脉与左前降支吻合 先吻合桥血管近端然后吻合靶血管的"序贯式"吻合,进行56例冠状动脉搭桥术.结果:大隐静脉桥:4个吻合口 32例,3个吻合口15例.桡动脉桥:4个吻合口 2例,3个吻合口 7例.总搭桥207支,平均3.69支.手术顺利,每个吻合口费时5～8 min,手术时间缩短,靶血管阻断时间缩短,每吻合完一个口便可开放桥血管近段的阻断、立刻恢复该段冠动脉的血流及其支配区域的心肌血运.术后心绞痛症状全部缓解,全组无围术期急性心肌梗死,无死亡病例.住院天数为13～39 d,平均18.25 d.结论:非体外循环心脏不停跳先吻合桥血管近端"序贯式"冠状动脉搭桥手术简便、安全、有效、经济,适用于多支病变的冠心病患者,尤其有益于危重急症冠心病患者.     

冠状动脉搭桥术的临床应用

目的总结冠状动脉搭桥手术治疗冠心病的体会。方法回顾分析我院自1997年4月至2003年12月进行的35例冠状动脉搭桥术。男性27例,女性8例,平均年龄62岁,平均体重64kg,体外循环心脏停跳下冠状动脉搭桥术28例;非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术7例;同期行瓣膜置换术6例。结果医院内死亡3例,同期行瓣膜置换术动脉无死亡,非体外循环心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术无死亡。结论精细、熟练的手术技术,良好的心肌保护是提高冠状动脉搭桥手术疗效的关键。     

心脏不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植同时行主动脉瓣或联合瓣膜替换术

目的:评价心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥同时行主动脉瓣置换或联合瓣膜置换术的临床价值及意义.方法:采用非体外循环心脏不停跳技术,对73例冠心病患者行冠状动脉搭桥术,另外2例在非体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥术(OPCABG),然后经冠状静脉窦逆行持续灌注机器氧合血,在心脏有节律的空跳中完成主动脉瓣或联合瓣膜替换,1例在体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥、二尖瓣和主动脉瓣替换.有8例患者术前使用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP).结果:术后心绞痛症状全部缓解,全组无围术期急性心肌梗死,1例术前辅助呼吸、IABP OPCABG者死亡.结论:心脏不停跳冠状动脉搭桥手术简便、安全、损伤轻、并发症少;同时行心瓣膜置换避免心脏停跳,极大程度地减少缺血缺氧损伤和再灌注损伤,缩短体外循环时间、减少并发症.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.