硅油取出、白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术临床观察

目的探讨玻璃体切除硅油填充术后,硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入的手术方法和临床效果。方法采用标准三通道睫状体平坦部巩膜切口取出硅油联合白内障超声乳化摘除及人工晶状体植入术,对13例(13只眼)硅油填充眼行三联手术治疗,术后随访超过3月。结果三联手术顺利,最佳矫正视力0.04~0.1者3例,0.1~0.5者9例;术后因再次发生视网膜脱离需再次手术治疗者1例;并发症主要有角膜水肿、黄斑囊样水肿、复发性视网膜脱离及后发性白内障。结论硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化摘除及人工晶状体植入是安全有效的方法,既可以减少手术次数、减轻手术损伤,同时还可以减轻患者的经济负担,能有效提高患者的视力。     

眼内异物摘出联合白内障摘出人工晶状体植入

目的 评价眼内异物伴外伤性白内障行异物摘出联合白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法 对25例(25眼)眼内异物伴外伤性白内障依异物的位置不同而采用3种术式：采用玻璃体切除(9眼)或磁铁吸出玻璃体异物(10眼)，联合晶状体超声乳化及折叠人工晶状体植入；或经角膜缘切口摘出晶状体内异物联合囊外摘出PMMA人工晶状体后房植入(6眼)。结果 随访3月，术后视力≥0．515眼，0．1～0.48眼，0.082眼。术后视力低的主要原因是眼铁质沉着症。术后视力与角膜伤口的大小部位有关，与视网膜异物与黄斑区的距离有关。术后无眼内炎或视网膜脱离的发生。结论 准确判定预后、排除眼内炎视网膜脱离的因素而行眼内异物摘出联合人工晶状体植入是可行的。     

眼内异物摘出白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术

目的 探讨眼内异物摘出联合白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术的手术方法及效果。方法 筛选晶状体异物病例，晶状体浑浊无明显视网膜脱离或玻璃体浑浊的玻璃体内磁性异物，以及后极以外眼球壁或视网膜表面粘连异物，共3l例作为治疗对象。如异物位于晶状体表面或晶状体内，用镊子或磁铁摘出异物，行超声乳化手术同时植入人工晶状体。如异物位于玻璃体及眼球壁，则行超声乳化术后，间接检眼镜观察下摘出异物。结果 均顺利摘出异物、外伤性白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术。结论 术前无明显的玻璃体或视网膜病变者，应植入人工晶状体。对于主要由晶状体浑浊，影响间接检眼镜检查的玻璃体内或视网膜表面的磁性异物，玻璃体切除法也并非必要。     

睫状体平坦部硅油取出术联合超声乳化白内障摘除术短期效果观察

目的:观察硅油填充眼的白内障超声乳化联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出手术的治疗效果。方法:对2005-01/2007-01我院收治的24例24眼玻璃体切除术后硅油填充眼患者,实施白内障超声乳化联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术,观察术后视力、并发症等。结果:术中发生视网膜脱离3例3眼(12%)。术后3mo最佳矫正视力>0.3者1眼(4%);0.12～0.3者16眼(67%);≤0.1者7眼(29%);植入人工晶状体21眼(88%);未植入人工晶状体3眼(12%)。结论:硅油填充眼的白内障超声乳化联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术是安全有效的手术方式。     

玻璃体切割联合白内障手术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的观察玻璃体视网膜手术联合晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术及硅油填充术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效。方法将63例(67眼)增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者进行玻璃体视网膜手术联合晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,剥膜、眼内激光、硅油填充或气体填充等,术后随访3～18个月观察治疗效果。结果单纯玻璃体视网膜手术23眼,联合晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术25眼,术中注入硅油37眼。术后矫正视力不同程度改善52眼,11眼不变,4眼下降。术中眼内出血5眼;术后玻璃体积血2眼,视网膜上出血2眼,一过性高眼压14眼,继发性青光眼2眼,白内障加重或形成13眼,后发性白内障形成6眼。结论玻璃体视网膜手术联合晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,剥膜、眼内激光、硅油填充或气体填充等治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变安全有效,联合手术可避免再次行白内障手术,减少视网膜脱离、白内障、继发性青光眼等并发症的发生率。     

前段玻璃体切割在复杂眼外伤手术中的应用

目的探讨前段玻璃体切割术在复杂性眼前段、后段外伤手术中的效果。方法选择我院资料完整的眼外伤住院病例86例(86眼),均行前部玻璃体切割术。其中开放性眼球外伤53眼、钝挫伤性晶状体脱位19眼、外伤性白内障合并前后囊膜破裂伴玻璃体脱入前房14眼,均采用前段玻璃体切割器切除前房破碎的晶状体及脱出的玻璃体,或超声乳化联合前段玻璃体切割术。其中12眼合并后段病变行玻璃体视网膜手术联合C3F8气体或硅油填充术。术后随诊6~48个月(平均15个月)。结果 76眼较术前视力提高;57眼植入人工晶状体,其中54眼位置居中。开放性眼外伤53眼眼球破裂经Ⅰ期缝合、前段玻璃体切割处理,其中28眼Ⅱ期植入人工晶状体,矫正视力0.15~0.50;13眼未植入人工晶状体,矫正视力0.02~0.10;12眼经玻璃体视网膜手术处理后,视网膜复位,保留了眼球。晶状体脱位19眼、外伤性白内障合并后囊膜破裂伴玻璃体脱出14眼,术后矫正视力<0.1者2眼,0.1~0.3者7眼,0.3~0.5者10眼,0.5以上者14眼。结论前段玻璃体切割手术在处理复杂眼外伤有较好的效果,为人工晶状体植入或玻璃体视网膜手术创造条件。     

玻璃体切除联合硅油填充手术治疗急性感染性眼内炎

目的：研究玻璃体切除联合硅油填充手术治疗急性感染性眼内炎的临床效果。

方法：回顾性分析2008-01/2013-02我院收治的急性感染性眼内炎患者23例23眼临床资料,排除伴有球内异物的病例。所有患者均采用常规闭合三通道玻璃体切除联合硅油填充手术,其中6眼(并发外伤性白内障)联合Ⅰ期晶状体摘除+Ⅰ期人工晶状体植入术,3眼(并发外伤性白内障)联合Ⅰ期晶状体切除+Ⅱ期人工晶状体植入术, 4眼(硅油填充期间并发白内障)联合Ⅱ期晶状体摘除+Ⅱ期人工晶状体植入术,5眼(4眼外伤性眼内炎及1眼青光眼滤过泡漏致眼内炎)保留晶状体,1眼(白内障术后眼内炎)联合Ⅰ期人工晶状体取出+Ⅱ期人工晶状体植入,4眼(白内障术后眼内炎)保留人工晶状体。

结果：随访6～24mo,行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充手术的患者23例23眼眼内炎均得到有效控制,21眼(91%)患者视力不同程度提高。有2眼玻璃体切除术后眼压≥30mmHg,1眼行硅油取出术后眼压恢复正常,另1眼取硅油术后眼压仍高,需应用降眼压药物控制。

结论：急性感染性眼内炎患者及时行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充手术治疗,能有效控制眼内炎,提高患者视力。     

微切口超声乳化术联合硅油取出术治疗玻切术后硅油填充眼合并白内障

目的：观察玻璃体切割术后硅油填充眼行微切口白内障超声乳化联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术的临床疗效。 方法：2013-02/11对43例43眼玻璃体切割术后硅油填充眼合并白内障患者行微切口白内障超声乳化联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术,术中均Ⅰ期植入人工晶状体,观察患者术后3 mo最佳矫正视力和手术并发症发生情况等。结果：术后3mo,最佳矫正视力较术前提高者共39例（91%）,最高矫正视力达0.6,视力无提高者4例（9%）。所有患者均未发生后囊膜破裂、硅油残留、角膜内皮失代偿、前房积血、玻璃体积血、人工晶状体移位、继发性青光眼、锯齿缘离断等并发症。 结论：微切口超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合睫状体平坦部硅油取出术是一种有效、安全的手术方式。     

DR硅油填充后并发白内障行超声乳化联合硅油取出

目的：探讨糖尿病视网膜病变硅油填充后并发白内障的超声乳化及人工晶状体（IOL）植入联合硅油取出术的临床疗效。 方法：糖尿病视网膜病变患者22例22眼硅油填充后并发白内障行超声乳化及IOL植入联合硅油取出术,均通过角膜透明切口植入软性IOL。 结果：患者19眼视力均在白内障超声乳化手术后视力较术前提高,其中0.1以上者13例,3例同术前视力;手术中后囊膜保持完整,均顺利植入软性可折叠IOL;5例术后不同程度发生角膜水肿,均在术后3~7d内消退。22例硅油均顺利取出。3例术后1mo内发现玻璃体腔积血,其中2例约4wk内玻璃体腔积血自行吸收,1例再行玻璃体手术去除积血联合眼内光凝。22例术后均未发现视网膜再脱离。 结论：糖尿病视网膜病变硅油填充眼并发性白内障的超声乳化IOL植入术联合硅油取出手术效果满意,可减少患者多次手术的痛苦。     

曲安奈德前房内注射在外伤性白内障术中的应用

目的:探讨前房内注射曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)在外伤性白内障术中的安全性和有效性.方法:收集2013-01/2016-05的31例31眼外伤性白内障患者,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除手术,术中联合前房内注入TA,以帮助辨识是否有玻璃体脱出以及玻璃体所在位置.13例13眼被证实后囊膜完整,无玻璃体脱入前房患者,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除手术.18例18眼被证实伴有后囊膜破裂,玻璃体脱出患者行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合前部玻璃体切除手术.术后随访6~12 mo.结果:所有病例均顺利完成手术.Ⅱ期角膜穿通伤患者均顺利植入人工晶状体.18例前房内注入TA证实伴有后囊膜破裂、玻璃体脱出者,在TA辅助下,明显改善了术中玻璃体皮质的辨识度,均彻底切除了前房的玻璃体.术后随访28例患者术后最佳矫正视力大于4.5.所有患者术后眼内炎症反应轻微,均未出现持续1 wk以上的高眼压及角膜水肿,人工晶状体位置居中,瞳孔位置居中.结论:曲安奈德前房内注射使得外伤性白内障手术更安全,术中后囊破裂及玻璃体脱出的处理更容易,同时可以抑制术后炎症反应.     

Combined lens and vitreoretinal surgery in patients with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign body

AIM: To analyze the postoperative anatomical and functional outcomes as well as complications after combined phacoemul- sification, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), removal of the intraocular foreign body (IOFB) and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in patients with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign body. METHODS: Medical records of 13 patients(13 eyes) with traumatic cataract and IOFB who had undergone combined phacoemulsification, PPV, foreign body extraction and IOL implantation were retrospectively analyzed. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 2 to 12 months. The main measure- ments of outcomes were the extraction success of cataract and intraocular foreign body, intraoperative and postoperative complications and the final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). ·RESULTS: The mean age of 13 patients(10 male, 3 female )was 36.8 years (range: 17-65 years). All eight IOFBs were removed. Four intraocular lenses were implanted after vitrectomy intraoperatively. In 5 cases, intraocular lenses were implanted during the second operation. Intraocular lenses were not implanted in 4 cases. BCVA at last ranged from 0.8 to hand movement. BCVA was 0.5 or better in four eyes, 0.1 to 0.4 in five eyes, less than 0.1 in four eyes. Intraoperative complications were encountered in 3 patients. They had vitreous hemorrhage. Postoperative complications were encounter- ed in 2 patients. They had retinal detachment. The reoperations of the two patients were successful. CONCLUSION: The combined phacoemulsification, PPV, removal of IOFB and IOL implantation is safe and effective for patients with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign body. The visual outcome depended primarily on the corneal or scleral wound and underlying posterior segment pathology and sites.     

Primary implantation of posterior chamber lenses after traumatic cataract peneration

PURPOSE: To analyze the postoperative outcome and complication rate after phacoemulsification, lens aspiration or lensectomy with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after traumatic cataract penetration. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 15 patients who were admitted to our hospital from 1997 to 2001 because of traumatic cataract with corneal laceration with and without intraocular foreign body (IOFB). In all patients phacoemulsification, lens aspiration or lensectomy and primary IOL implantation were performed. Removal of IOFB was performed in 6 patients. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 19.6 months, 8 eyes (53%) achieved a final visual acuity of 20/40 or better and 12 eyes achieved 20/100 or better final visual acuity. One patient (final visual acuity=1/40) had an additional macular pathology. Due to irregular astigmatism two patients achieved a final vision of less than 20/100. Major causes of limited visual acuity were central corneal scars and in one patient a photopic maculopathy. Four eyes (25%) developed secondary cataract and underwent YAG laser capsulotomy. In one patient PVR retinal detachment had to be treated by pars-plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. CONCLUSIONS: Primary implantation of posterior chamber lenses after penetrating ocular trauma is associated with a favourable visual outcome and a low rate of postoperative complications.     

玻璃体切割联合超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗PDR

目的:探讨采用玻璃体切割联合白内障超声乳化及后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)合并白内障患者的临床效果。方法:对36例36眼合并白内障的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者行玻璃体切除联合白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入手术,其中气体填充6眼,硅油填充4眼;观察术后视力改善程度及术中术后并发症。结果:手术后患者随访1~12(平均4.5)mo。术后36眼视力均有不同程度的改善,术后视力≥0.1有6眼(17%);0.02≤视力<0.1有24眼(67%),光感至数指有6眼(17%)。术中未发生严重的并发症。早期高眼压5眼(14%),虹膜后粘连3眼(8%),因后发性白内障行YAG激光后囊膜光切术12眼(33%)。1眼于术后1mo出现新生血管性青光眼(3%)。除高眼压患者,术后无明显角膜水肿或角膜内皮失代偿。术后未发生视网膜脱离和玻璃体出血。结论:玻璃体切除联合白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变合并白内障患者是安全有效的。     

Management of siderosis bulbi due to a retained iron-containing intraocular foreign body

The authors report their experience in managing 14 cases of siderosis bulbi secondary to a retained iron-containing intraocular foreign body (IOFB). The IOFB was removed in 12 of the 14 eyes. The IOFB was removed with a sclerotomy and external magnet (5 eyes), a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and intraocular forceps (5 eyes), a PPV and intraocular magnet (1 eye), and a PPV with aspiration using the suction mode of the vitrectomy instrument (1 eye). A siderotic cataract developed in 11 eyes and cataract extraction resulted in postoperative visual acuity ranging from 20/15 to 20/40. The most recent siderotic cataracts have been managed with cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation. No patient in this series experienced visual deterioration after receiving medical attention. The current management of siderosis bulbi is discussed.     

复杂病例白内障超声乳化手术的难点及对策

目的:观察复杂病例白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术的疗效并探讨处理要点。方法:采用改良拦截劈裂技术对硬核白内障、高度近视并发白内障、糖尿病患者白内障及白内障合并青光眼等复杂病例白内障537例(558眼)行超声乳化手术。观察术中术后并发症及术后1mo的最佳矫正视力。结果:术后1mo最佳矫正视力≥0.5者437眼(78.3%),0.2~0.4者92眼(16.5%),≤0.1者29眼(5.2%);术中发生后囊膜破裂伴玻璃体脱出21眼(3.8%),晶状体核坠入玻璃体1眼(0.2%);术后角膜水肿212眼(38.0%),无角膜失代偿;房水混浊为363眼(65.1%);虹膜损伤2眼(0.4%)。结论:充分认识复杂病例白内障各病种的特点、正确掌握手术要点以及良好的围手术期处理,复杂病例白内障同样能获得理想的手术效果。     

Combined lensectomy,vitrectomy, and primary intraocular lens implantation in patients with traumatic eye injury

Purpose To analyse the postoperative anatomic and functional outcomes in addition to complications after combined lensectomy, vitrectomy, and primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in patients with traumatic eye injury. Methods Retrospective review of patients with traumatic cataract and posterior segment injury who underwent combined lensectomy, vitrectomy, and primary IOL implantation with a minimum follow up (FU) of 3 months. Results Thirteen consecutive patients (all male) with a mean age of 42.8 years (range 17–82 years) underwent combined lensectomy, vitrectomy, and primary IOL implantation from February 2000 to January 2006. Postoperative FU ranged from 3 to 54 months (mean 17.6 months). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation ranged from 20/30 to hand movement and was worse than 20/200 in eight patients (61%). Four patients (31%) had blunt trauma with no globe rupture. Of the nine patients (69%) with a penetrating eye injury (PEI), eight had an intraocular foreign body (IOFB) with one retinal detachment at presentation. Four patients had primary closure at the time of the vitrectomy. All eight IOFBs were removed. Seven patients had additional scleral buckling and four intravitreal gas injection. BCVA at last FU ranged from 20/20 to 20/300 and was 20/40 or better in eight eyes (62%). All patients had an attached retina at last FU. One eye had further surgery for epiretinal membrane proliferation and ptosis. Conclusions These results suggest that combined vitrectomy, lensectomy and primary intraocular implantation can offer good visual rehabilitation in patients with traumatic cataract and posterior segment injury.     

Primary cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in penetrating ocular trauma

PURPOSE: To analyze the postoperative outcome and complication rate after cataract extraction or lensectomy with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for penetrating traumatic cataract. DESIGN: Retrospective, nonconsecutive, noncomparative case series. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the files of 21 patients who were admitted to our departments because of traumatic cataract with corneal or scleral laceration caused by penetrating trauma with or without intraocular foreign body (IOFB) from 1992 through 1997. Lens aspiration or manual extracapsular cataract extraction with primary IOL implantation was performed in all patients. Removal of an IOFB was performed in eight patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Final visual acuity and deviation of actual refraction from emmetropia and from expected postoperative refraction. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 20.4 months. Fourteen eyes (67%) achieved final visual acuity of 20/40 or better, 95% obtained 20/60 or better final visual acuity, and all eyes achieved 20/100 or better final visual acuity. Major causes of limited visual acuity were central corneal scar and central retinal injury. Eleven eyes (57%) experienced secondary cataract and underwent neodymium:yytrium-aluminum-garnet capsulotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Primary implantation of posterior chamber lenses after penetrating ocular trauma is associated with favorable visual outcome and a low rate of postoperative complications.     

后囊破裂的外伤性白内障手术治疗

目的 探讨角膜穿孔伤伴后囊破裂的外伤性白内障手术时机、手术处理技巧和人工晶状体植入方法与原则.方法 角膜穿孔伤伴后囊破裂的外伤性白内障53例（53眼）,伤后4～11天,根据囊破裂、玻璃体视网膜等后段紊乱程度选择单纯超声乳化、晶状体皮质吸取,品状体切除联合玻璃体切除术处理后段紊乩,其中39眼（73.59%）一期植入人工晶状体,12眼（22.64%）二期植入人工晶状体.结果 术后6月矫正视力：低于0.1者3眼（5.66%）,0.1～0.25者13眼（24.53%）,0.3～0.6者28眼（52.83%）,大于0.6者9眼（16.98%）.人工晶状体偏位3眼,人工晶状体夹持2眼,人工晶状体脱位1眼.结论 角膜穿孔伤伴后囊破裂的外伤性白内障伤后应及早手术,并根据其眼前段紊乱的程度及是否伴有眼后段组织严重损害,选择适当的手术方式并适时植入人工晶状体.     

白内障超声乳化术后混浊人工晶状体置换术

目的探讨白内障超声乳化术后人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)混浊的原因与治疗方法 ,研究改良手术方式以减少手术并发症。方法收集2001年8月至2011年1月在我院因超声乳化白内障吸出联合Hydroview H60M IOL植入术后远期IOL发生混浊的患者14例,在表面麻醉下行IOL置换术,比较术前与术后最佳矫正视力。术中采用IOL剪碎法、旋转法等方式将IOL取出,重新植入STAAR公司疏水性KN-X IOL。将取出的IOL在显微镜下进行观察拍照,用钙特异性茜素红染色并进行病理检查,与未使用的Hydroview H60M IOL对比观察。结果所有病例均成功实施IOL置换术,术后视力为0.4~1.0,有10例IOL重新植入囊袋内,有4例置换的IOL植入睫状沟内。术中晶状体后囊膜破裂1例、晶状体襻残留1例、睫状体出血2例、黄斑囊样水肿2例。混浊IOL茜素红染色呈阳性反应,光学部表面有粗糙的着色颗粒,光学部内有细小颗粒所组成的云雾状或团状着色区。结论 IOL混浊与IOL材质、IOL表面钙离子富集有关,IOL置换术是改善IOL混浊患者视力的有效方法 ,术中使用改良技术可以减少手术期并发症的发生。     

Bigbag人工晶状体在高度近视合并白内障眼中的应用及稳定性探讨

目的利用前节OCT检查证实Bigbag人工晶状体在囊袋中的稳定性,探讨Bigbag人工晶状体在高度近视并发白内障的临床应用效果。方法 90例(169眼)高度近视并发性白内障患者超声乳化吸除术后,45例86眼(研究组)行Bigbag人工晶状体植入术,45例83眼(对照组)行AMO AR40e人工晶状体植入术,观察术中及术后并发症、眼压、术后最佳矫正视力(bestcorrected visual acuity,BCVA)、裸眼视力和屈光状态、角膜内皮细胞计数、后囊膜皱褶。前节OCT检查术前及术后前房深度(an-terior chamber depth,ACD)。术后随访1～3个月。结果术中无后囊膜破裂等手术并发症。前节OCT检查ACD结果显示:研究组术前、术后3d、1个月平均ACD分别为(3.54±0.24)mm、(5.27±0.21)mm、(5.25±0.18)mm;对照组平均ACD分别为(3.61±0.16)mm、(4.11±0.35)mm、(3.91±0.24)mm。两组间术前ACD、术后两组内不同时间ACD比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),术后两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。术后1个月研究组BCVA<0.1者4眼,0.1～0.4(包括0.4)者18眼,0.4～0.8者57眼,>0.8者7眼,术后1个月、3个月BCVA、裸眼视力与对照组相比差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。两组术后3个月实际屈光度数与术前预留屈光度数差值≤±1.0D者研究组54眼(62.79%)、对照组40眼(48.19%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组1眼(1.16%)、对照组5眼(6.02%)出现后囊膜混浊及皱褶。研究组术后未见严重并发症,对照组2眼(2.41%)术后3周左右发现视网膜脱离。结论 Bigbag人工晶状体植入后稳定性好;可获得与其他人工晶状体无差异的术后视力;对后囊膜有稳定支撑作用,降低了后囊膜皱褶的发生率;对高度近视并发性白内障患者安全、有效。