老年登革热患者临床特征

目的分析老年登革热患者临床特征。方法采用回顾性病例调查,对老年登革热病例(老年组)的发病时间、临床症状、体征、辅助检查、诊断和转归等情况进行收集和整理,并与同期非老年登革热病例(非老年组)进行统计对比。结果老年组头痛、肌肉骨骼关节痛、皮疹等典型临床表现的发生率明显小于非老年组(P0. 05)。老年组入院时登革热的确诊率显著小于非老年组(P0. 01),且以肺部感染、其他呼吸系统急症、心血管系统急症、神经系统急症为主要诊断入院的比率显著高于非老年组(P0. 05)。老年组合并出现肺部感染、重症感染、呼吸系统重症、心血管系统重症、神经系统重症的比率显著高于非老年组(P0. 05)。老年组重症登革热的发生率显著高于非老年组(P0. 01),其中严重器官损害及急性心肌炎发生率著高于非老年组(P0. 01)。结论老年登革热患者需警惕不典型病例,尽早诊断和治疗,除了一般治疗外,还需积极治疗基础病、并发症,监测各器官功能。     

老年女性急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入的长期疗效

目的 评价老年女性急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)后的长期临床疗效.方法 2006年8月至2010年11月行PCI治疗AMI女性患者,老年(≥65例)女性为332例,非老年(＜65岁)为236例,分析并比较两组患者的临床特征、围术期并发症以及随访期间主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)发生率.结果 老年组发生高血压病和脑血管病的比例明显高于非老年组(P＜0.05).老年组手术并发症的发生率与非老年组无明显差异.两组成功PCI的AMI女性患者随访24～ 72个月,平均(46.0±18.0)个月,老年组316例接受随访,无症状存活233例(73.7％).149例患者复查冠脉造影,23例(15.4％)发生再狭窄,总MACCE率14.2％ (45/316);非老年组228例接受随访,无症状存活175例(76.8％),126例患者复查冠脉造影,16例(12.7％)发生再狭窄,总MACCE率12.3％ (28/228),与老年组比较无显著性差异.结论 尽管老年女性AMI患者高血压和脑血管病的发生率明显高于非老年女性AMI患者,但两组PCI治疗成功率均较高,严重并发症发生率低,其长期临床疗效相似.PCI仍是老年女性AMI患者的首选治疗方法.     

老年与非老年急性心肌梗死的临床特点比较

目的:分析老年与非老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床特点,以指导治疗。方法:回顾性分析54例老年与35例非老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的临床特点。结果:非老年组男性占88.6％,吸烟占83.9％,饮酒占50.0％,明显高于老年组(P<0.01);血清甘油三酯(TG)水平显著高于老年组(P<0.05);谷草转氨酶(AST)均值大于老年组(P<0.05)。老年组较非老年组心功能差(P<0.005),心率快(P<0.05)。结论:老年与非老年AMI的临床特点不同,在日常生活和治疗时要加以注意。     

2020年广西岑溪市308例登革热患者临床特征分析

目的 分析广西岑溪市地区308例登革热患者的流行病学特征、临床表现、治疗及预后情况,为登革热的防治提供参考.方法 收集2020年9月1日—10月31日在岑溪市人民医院确诊的308例登革热患者临床信息,根据年龄,将308例患者分为老年组(≥60岁)与非老年组(<60岁),收集患者人口学资料、流行病学资料、临床表现、实验室及影像学检查结果、治疗及预后情况,分析比较2组患者的流行病学特点.结果 登革热患者以中青年人群为主,主要临床症状包括发热、纳差、皮疹、肌肉酸痛、瘙痒.非老年组患者的皮疹、瘙痒症状发生率分别为81.51％、49.81％,均显著高于老年组(P均<0.05).老年组与非老年组病原学检测结果阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).老年组PLT及ALB降低的发生率分别为32.56％和81.40％,明显高于非老年组(P均<0.05),2组患者的其他血液指标异常率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).25例患者胸部CT或胸片有不同程度异常改变.结论 本次登革热暴发流行首起病例的传染源尚不明,发病人群以中青年为主,发热、纳差、皮疹、肌肉酸痛、瘙痒为其主要临床症状,目前对登革热的发病机制尚未完全明确,临床上尚无疫苗可有效预防登革热,预防登革热以切断传染源为主,而早诊断、早隔离、早治疗为治疗本病的关键举措.     

2020年广西岑溪市308例登革热患者临床特征分析

目的 分析广西岑溪市地区308例登革热患者的流行病学特征、临床表现、治疗及预后情况,为登革热的防治提供参考.方法 收集2020年9月1日—10月31日在岑溪市人民医院确诊的308例登革热患者临床信息,根据年龄,将308例患者分为老年组(≥60岁)与非老年组(<60岁),收集患者人口学资料、流行病学资料、临床表现、实验室及影像学检查结果、治疗及预后情况,分析比较2组患者的流行病学特点.结果 登革热患者以中青年人群为主,主要临床症状包括发热、纳差、皮疹、肌肉酸痛、瘙痒.非老年组患者的皮疹、瘙痒症状发生率分别为81.51％、49.81％,均显著高于老年组(P均<0.05).老年组与非老年组病原学检测结果阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).老年组PLT及ALB降低的发生率分别为32.56％和81.40％,明显高于非老年组(P均<0.05),2组患者的其他血液指标异常率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).25例患者胸部CT或胸片有不同程度异常改变.结论 本次登革热暴发流行首起病例的传染源尚不明,发病人群以中青年为主,发热、纳差、皮疹、肌肉酸痛、瘙痒为其主要临床症状,目前对登革热的发病机制尚未完全明确,临床上尚无疫苗可有效预防登革热,预防登革热以切断传染源为主,而早诊断、早隔离、早治疗为治疗本病的关键举措.     

老年单纯性戊型肝炎40例临床特点

对40例老年单纯性戊型肝炎与同期住院的非老年单纯性戊型肝炎患者进行对比分析,发现老年组与非老年组临床症状相似,两组SB、ALT达高峰值的时间一致,P>0.05。但老年组较非老年组黄疸进展迅速,黄疸较深,持续时间长,消退缓慢;并发症或/及夹杂症较非老年组多。两者比较具有统计学意义。老年组重肝发病率12.5％,较非老年组5％高,且由于并发症及夹杂症的存在,预后欠佳。     

16例老年溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床特点

目的 探讨60岁及以上老年溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床特点。方法 选取武汉大学中南医院和人民医院1985～2000年间诊断为溃疡性结肠炎的住院患者及部分门诊患者共186例,对其临床特点进行分析,比较老年溃疡性结肠炎患者(≥60岁)与非老年溃疡性结肠炎患者(20～59岁)间是否存在差异。结果 186例溃疡性结肠炎患者中,≥60岁者16例(8.6％)。在老年溃疡性结肠炎患者中,腹痛、腹泻及发热较非老年溃疡性结肠炎患者多见,便血少见,但差异均无显著性(P>0.05);消瘦及贫血则明显多见(P<0.01)。两组患者的肠外表现及并发症的发生率(分别为12.5％和12.5％、12.7％和3％),差异无显著性(P>0.05)。2例老年溃疡性结肠炎患者并发结直肠癌,非老年溃疡性结肠炎患者中亦有2例结肠癌。其癌变率分别为12％和1％,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。老年组中病情轻度占19％,中重度占81％;而非老年组分别为54％和47％,两者差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 老年溃疡性结肠炎患者的病情较非老年患者重,癌变率高于非老年患者,可能与溃疡性结肠炎病程长有关。     

老年与非老年急性心肌梗死的冠状动脉病变及心功能变化的比较研究

目的 比较老年人与非老年人急性心肌梗死的冠状动脉(冠脉)病变特点及其左心室收缩、舒张和收缩同步性功能的变化。方法 连续入院的168例急性心肌梗死患者,其中老年患者52例,非老年患者116例,于梗死后72h内行定量冠脉造影(CAG),1周后行平衡法核素心室造影(ERNA)和心室相位分析(PA),测定左室功能参数。结果 ①老年组中有糖尿病、陈旧心肌梗死、反复心绞痛发作的比率显著高于非老年组(30.77％vs 10.34％;34.62％vs 14.66％;61.54％vs 24.14％,均P<0.01),而Q波梗死发生率低于非老年组,且CK和CK-MB峰值分别较非老年组低55.33％和58.60％(P<0.05)。②老年组多支病变、90％-99％严重狭窄、C型病变和梗死相关血管(IRA)TIMI-Ⅲ级血流均高于非老年组(P<0.05),而急性室壁瘤形成率低于非老年组(3.85％vs 23.28％,P<0.01)。③老年组心室舒张功能参数PFR较非老年组低7.36％(P<0.01),TPFR较非老年组明显延长4.75％(P<0.01),心室收缩同步性功能参数PS、FWHM、PSD分别明显低于非老年组15.05％、15.84％、27.04％(P<0.01)。结论 老年多支复杂血管病变明显高于非老年并伴有明显的舒张功能减退;非老年患者IRA完全闭塞率和急性室壁瘤发生率均高于老年患者,并伴有严重的心室收缩同步性降低。     

老年结肠憩室患者的临床特点和并发症

目的 探讨老年结肠憩室患者的患病情况、临床特点及并发症。方法 对６２例结肠憩室资料进行回顾性分析。结果 （１）６２例中,老年组和非老年组分别为３５例和２７例,老年患者约占５６％,４０岁以下患者占１０％;（２）老年组憩室在左半结肠的检出率（４５％）显著高于非老年组（２９％）,在右半结肠（２９％）则显著低于非老年组（４５％,均为Ｐ〈０．０５）;（３）老年组单纯憩室炎检出率（１７％）显著低于非老年组（５     

老年急性胰腺炎的临床特征以及严重程度评分系统的对比优化

目的 分析老年患者急性胰腺炎临床特征，并对急性胰腺炎严重程度评分系统预测模型进行对比优化。方法 收集2011.01.01—2021.12.31入住复旦大学附属华东医院并确诊为急性胰腺炎的患者的临床资料及检验检查结果，将患者分为老年组和非老年组，总结分析老年急性胰腺炎的临床特征。比较4种临床常用评分系统在预测老年急性胰腺炎严重程度，局部及全身并发症等方面的准确性，并对评分系统进行组合优化。结果 本研究共纳入急性胰腺炎患者437例，其中老年组224例。老年组最常见病因为胆源性胰腺炎，其次是特发性急性胰腺炎，占27.68%。急性胰周液体积聚和胸腔积液分别是老年急性胰腺炎最常见的局部并发症和全身并发症。在临床常用评分系统方面，老年组的Ranson标准、 APACHEⅡ评分以及BISAP评分得分高于非老年组(p<0.05)。在评估急性胰腺炎严重程度，局部及全身并发症等方面MCTSI评分优于其他评分系统。APACHEⅡ评分和MCTSI评分组合能够更准确的预测急性胰腺炎严重程度(AUC=0.797, 95%CI 0.735～0.858)。结论 老年AP患者较非老年患者有其特殊性，应加强对老年急...     

Clinical profile and outcome of hospitalized patients during first outbreak of dengue in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical profile of patients with dengue virus infection hospitalized at a single center during the first outbreak of dengue in Makkah, Saudi Arabia from April to July 2004. METHODS: Clinical information and laboratory abnormalities of patients with suspected dengue infection were collected by a standardized data collection sheet and review of medical records. Dengue virus infection was confirmed by a positive IgM capture ELISA or RT-PCR. RESULTS: Of the 160 clinically suspected patients, 91 were confirmed (64 by IgM ELISA, 14 by RT-PCR and 13 by both) to have dengue virus infection. Dengue serotypes 2 and 3 were identified in 19 and 4 patients respectively. Most patients were young adults with median age of 26 (range=6-94) years and male:female ratio of 1.5:1. The common symptoms were fever (100%), malaise (83%), musculoskeletal pain (81%), headache (75%), nausea (69%), vomiting (65%) and abdominal pain (48%). According to World Health Organization (WHO) classification (10 patients were excluded due to lack of serial hematocrits), 75 (93%) had dengue fever (DF) and 6 (7%) had dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Only one patient with DHF was in pediatric age group. Twenty-one patients (5 with DHF and 16 with DF) developed one or more clinical complications that included bleeding (14), shock (4), seizures (3), acute renal failure (2), meningo-encephalitis (1), and secondary bacterial infection (1). Only one patient with shock had dengue shock syndrome (DSS) by WHO classification. Development of clinical complications was significantly associated with absence of musculoskeletal pain (p-value=0.03), lower platelet counts (p-value=0.03) and higher serum aspartate aminotransferase levels (p-value=0.04). The median duration of symptoms and hospitalization was 8 days (range=3-18) and 4 days (range=1-10) respectively. No mortality was noted. CONCLUSION: Occurrence of dengue virus infection in Makkah, Saudi Arabia is documented. Continued surveillance and effective vector control programs are warranted due to unique population dynamics of Makkah that receives millions of pilgrims annually from all over the world.     

Clinico–epidemiological features of dengue fever in Saudi Arabia

ObjectiveTo highlight some clinical and epidemiological features of dengue fever.MethodsAll patients who were admitted to hospitals in Holly Mecca City, Saudi Arabia and were confirmed as dengue fever (DF) or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) were included in this study. The data were collected from patient files and through direct interview with patients or their relatives. Cases were followed through their hospital stay. Routine laboratory investigations were done and diagnosis was confirmed by PCR.ResultsMost of cases admitted in stable condition (94.37%) and only one case (1.41%) died. Dengue-1 and 3 types were the prevalent dengue viruses and cases in age group 16-44 were the most frequent (70.40%). The most common symptoms was fever reported from all cases followed by headache (74.60%), myalgia and anorexia (67.60%), back pain (59.20%) and chills (54.90%). DF represented (60.57%) of the cases while DHF represented (39.43%). About half of cases had underground water tanks for human use, 5.60% had over house roof water tanks and 43.70% had both types, 16.90% of these tanks were uncovered. Approximately 70.00% of cases reported presence of small collection of water nearby houses and 46.80% reported the presence of mosquitoes within their houses.ConclusionsMost dengue fever cases might be endogenous in origin due to prevalence of mosquitoes and their breeding places within the houses and in nearby localities. Control of mosquitoes and their breeding places will contribute to prevention of dengue fever.     

Serum levels of sICAM-1 and sE-selectin in patients with dengue virus infection

The purpose of this study was to measure the serum level of sICAM-1 and sE-selectin as markers for endothelial damage in patients with dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Twenty-nine patients with serologically-proven dengue virus infection (age 10.6 +/- 2.4 years, 55% male, DF = 13 and DHF = 16) were enrolled. Serum samples were collected from 25 healthy children (age 10.6 +/- 2.3 years, 40% male) as the control group. A follow-up was done at a mean interval of 15.9 +/- 1.6 days. The level of sICAM-1 at the toxic stage was significantly elevated compared to its level at the follow-up (494.1 +/- 107.4 versus 358.2 +/- 67.6 ng/ml, P = 0.001), but no difference was found between patients with DF and patients with DHF (444.1 +/- 158.0 versus 465.1 +/- 154.6 ng/ml, P = 0.74). The sICAM-1 level at the follow-up was similar to that of the control group (396.9 +/- 113.0 ng/ml, P = 0.56). The level of sE-selectin at the toxic stage was not different from its level at the follow-up (75.9 +/- 33.0 versus 75.5 +/- 31.7 ng/ml, P = 0.96), and no difference was found between the DF group and the DHF group (64.1 +/- 25.7 versus 78.8 +/- 39.9 ng/ml, P = 0.30). These levels were not elevated compared to the sE-selectin level that was determined in 8 patients in the control group (94.7 +/- 20.5 ng/ml, P = 0.12). In conclusion, there is evidence of endothelial activation by an increased sICAM-1 level in patients with dengue virus infection. However, the degree of endothelial activation alone may be similar for patients with DF and patients with DHF, and this fact by itself cannot explain the difference between the two clinical syndromes of dengue virus infection. The sE-selectin level was not elevated for patients included in this study.     

Risk factors and clinical features associated with severe dengue infection in adults and children during the 2001 epidemic in Chonburi, Thailand

OBJECTIVES: Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an important cause of morbidity in South-east Asia and used to occur almost exclusively in young children. In recent years, there has been a progressive shift in age-distribution towards older children and adults. We investigated an outbreak in 2001 in both children and adults, in an endemic area of Thailand. METHODS: Retrospective study of 347 patients with serologically confirmed dengue infection admitted to Chonburi Hospital during an epidemic in 2001. RESULTS: A total of 128 (37%) patients had dengue fever (DF) and 219 (63%) had DHF. Patients with DHF were significantly older than patients with DF (11 years vs. 8 years). Clinical bleeding was noted in 124 individuals, both with DF (n = 24) and DHF (n = 100), and significantly more frequently in adults. Twenty-nine (13.2%) of all DHF cases were caused by primary infection. Secondary dengue infection was associated significantly with the development of DHF in children, OR (95% CI) = 3.63 (1.94-6.82), P < 0.0001, but not in adults, OR (95% CI) = 0.6 (0.02-6.04), P = 1. Unusual clinical manifestations were observed in 23 patients: three presented with encephalopathy and 20 with highly elevated liver-enzymes. In the latter group, four patients were icteric and nine had gastrointestinal bleeding. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that DHF in South-east Asia is common in both children and adults. In dengue-endemic countries, dengue should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with clinical gastrointestinal bleeding in association with increased liver enzymes.     

Temporal trends of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever in Bangkok, Thailand from 1981 to 2000: an age-period-cohort analysis

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of age, time period, and birth cohorts with dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) in Bangkok, Thailand over the period 1981-2000. The age group at greatest risk for DF/DHF was 5-9 years old. The period effect shows a remittent pattern, with significant increases in 1986-1990 and 1996-2000. The birth cohort group showed a significant decreasing trend from the 1961-1965 group to the 1991-1995 group (R2 = 0.7620) with a decreasing rate of 0.1. We concluded that the temporal trend of DF/DHF is decreasing; especially for DHF.     

Oxidative stress induced changes in plasma protein can be a predictor of imminent severe dengue infection

OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress in dengue viral infection has been suggested and severity of it was found to be associated with progress of illness. Hence assessing oxidative stress mediated changes in plasma proteins can be an early biomarker for prediction of severe dengue infection. DESIGN AND METHODS: Thirty two dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), 21 dengue shock syndrome (DSS), 27 dengue fever (DF) and 63 age and sex matched controls, were included in this study. Blood samples were collected on the 3rd day of fever. Protein carbonylation (PCOs) and protein-bound sulphydryl (PBSH) group levels were determined by spectrophotometric method and analyzed as predictor of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. RESULTS: About 80-84% of cases presented with no signs of DHF/DSS at the time of sampling. Dengue infected individuals had significantly elevated PCOs and low PBSH group levels than the controls. Using one-way ANOVA we found a significant difference with high PCOs and low PBSH group levels between DHF and DSS when compared with DF (P<0.001). However, no difference was observed in PBSH group levels between DHF and DSS. A significant difference in PCOs to PBSH ratio was observed among DF, DHF and DSS (P<0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed that duration of hospitalization is dependent on PCOs and PBSH group levels. Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis indicated that 5.22nmol/mg protein PCOs; 1.08 PCOs to PBSH group levels ratio were optimal cutoff value for predicting DHF with sensitivity and specificity of 87.5% and 74.1%; 96.9% and 81.5%, respectively. For DSS prediction, 6.13 nmol/mg protein PCOs; 1.16 PCOs to PBSH group levels ratio were found as effective cutoff with sensitivity and specificity of 81% and 71.9%; 95.2% and 56.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress has been observed to develop since early days of onset of dengue infection. Plasma PCOs, PCOs to PBSH group ratio were found to very well predict DHF/DSS.     

Classification of dengue illness based on readily available laboratory data

The aim of this study was to examine retrospective dengue-illness classification using only clinical laboratory data, without relying on X-ray, ultrasound, or percent hemoconcentration. We analyzed data from a study of children who presented with acute febrile illness to two hospitals in Thailand. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to distinguish: (1) dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) versus dengue fever (DF), (2) DHF versus DF + other febrile illness (OFI), (3) dengue versus OFI, and (4) severe dengue versus non-severe dengue + OFI. Data from the second hospital served as a validation set. There were 1,227 patients in the analysis. The sensitivity of the models ranged from 89.2% (dengue versus OFI) to 79.6% (DHF versus DF). The models showed high sensitivity in the validation dataset. These models could be used to calculate a probability and classify patients based on readily available clinical laboratory data, and they will need to be validated in other dengue-endemic regions.     

澳门登革热989例

目的　分析澳门登革热病例流行和临床特点。方法　回顾性分析澳门镜湖医院2001年8月至12月间经实验室诊断证实989例登革热的门急诊和住院患者的临床资料。结果　发病年龄以41~50岁年龄组最高,发病高峰在9~10月。人口密度与发病例数呈正直线相关,相关系数为0.866 (P<0.05)。主要临床症状为发热、皮疹,分别占95.7%和75.1%。实验室检查提示白细胞减少和血小板减少,分别占80.2%和74.1%。骨髓检查提示有巨核细胞系统功能障碍。结论　及时诊断和治疗, 患者预后尚好。     

Age- and region-specific hepatitis B prevalence in Turkey estimated using generalized linear mixed models: a systematic review

Background

In view of the long term discussion on the appropriateness of the dengue classification into dengue fever (DF), dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), the World Health Organization (WHO) has outlined in its new global dengue guidelines a revised classification into levels of severity: dengue fever with an intermediary group of "dengue fever with warning sings", and severe dengue. The objective of this paper was to compare the two classification systems regarding applicability in clinical practice and surveillance, as well as user-friendliness and acceptance by health staff.

Methods

A mix of quantitative (prospective and retrospective review of medical charts by expert reviewers, formal staff interviews), semi-quantitative (open questions in staff interviews) and qualitative methods (focus group discussions) were used in 18 countries. Quality control of data collected was undertaken by external monitors.

Results

The applicability of the DF/DHF/DSS classification was limited, even when strict DHF criteria were not applied (13.7% of dengue cases could not be classified using the DF/DHF/DSS classification by experienced reviewers, compared to only 1.6% with the revised classification). The fact that some severe dengue cases could not be classified in the DF/DHF/DSS system was of particular concern. Both acceptance and perceived user-friendliness of the revised system were high, particularly in relation to triage and case management. The applicability of the revised classification to retrospective data sets (of importance for dengue surveillance) was also favourable. However, the need for training, dissemination and further research on the warning signs was highlighted.

Conclusions

The revised dengue classification has a high potential for facilitating dengue case management and surveillance.