3D LAVA技术结合MRCP对壶腹周围癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨三维多期动态增强扫描(3D LAVA)结合胰胆管水成像(MRCP)对壶腹周围癌的诊断价值。方法:对42例壶腹周围癌患者在常规MR扫描基础上行3D LAVA多期动态增强及MRCP扫描,对原始图像进行3D MIP及MPR重建后处理,观察病变的直接?间接征象。结果:42例肿瘤中定性准确率为88%(37/42);其中正确诊断胆总管下段癌5例,胰头癌20例,壶腹癌4例,十二指肠乳头癌5例;胆总管下段癌定位于壶腹癌1例,胰头癌定位于壶腹癌2例,定位准确率为92%(34/37)。1例胰头癌、1例壶腹癌漏诊,漏诊率5%(2/42);2例胰头癌、1例十二指肠乳头癌误诊为炎症,误诊率7%(3/42)。总体诊断符合率为81%(34/42)。两者结合直接征象显示率达93%(39/42)。另外3D LAVA直观显示6例直径小于2cm的早期壶腹周围癌。结论:3D LAVA多期动态增强扫描结合MRCP对壶腹周围癌及其鉴别特别是早期微小病变具有较高的诊断价值。     

MRCP和ERCP对壶腹周围癌的诊断

目的比较磁共振胰胆管成像(MRCP)和内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)在壶腹周围癌中的诊断价值。方法搜集MRCP及ERCP资料完整经临床证实的壶腹周围癌患者51例,进行对照分析。结果 51例壶腹周围癌患者,MRCP总符合率92.2%,ERCP总符合率96.1%。结论 MRCP作为无创性检查,可作为壶腹周围癌诊断的首选方法,但ERCP可同时进行经内镜下治疗,MRCP不能完全取代ERCP,两者结合互补,可进一步提高对壶腹周围癌的诊断准确率。     

低张磁共振胰胆管水成像技术结合肝脏三维容积转移期动态技术增强扫描在壶腹周围病变诊断中的价值

目的 探讨低张磁共振胰胆管水成像技术(MRCP)结合肝脏三维容积转移期动态技术(LAVA)增强扫描在壶腹周围病变诊断中的应用价值.方法 对临床资料完整的壶腹周围病变患者53例,均行常规MRI扫描,同时行低张MRCP及LAVA多期动态增强扫描.结果 53例患者中,4例为壶腹区炎症;25例为壶腹区肿瘤;23例为壶腹区结石,1例为壶腹区十二指肠乳头部憩室.结论 低张MRCP结合LAVA增强扫描能够清晰的显示壶腹周围病灶的形态、范围以及不同病理类型疾病表现出的不同影像学特点,可以为壶腹周围病变定位、定性诊断提供更加可靠、直接的征象,对于外科手术及预后均有较大的指导意义.     

多层螺旋CT对壶腹及周围病变的诊断价值

目的分析多层螺旋CT（MSCT）对壶腹及周围病变的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析我院经临床病理证实的壶腹及周围病变30例患者的临床资料,对其CT表现及鉴别诊断进行探讨。结果30例患者中,壶腹部病变包括壶腹癌1例,十二指肠乳头腺癌2例,壶腹周围癌4例。壶腹周同病变包括胰头癌5例,胆管下端癌3例,胆总管下端结石13例,胆总管下端炎症2例。结论MSCT可以在壶腹部病变增强方式、间接征象以及胆总管末端形态等方面为诊断提供重要线索,为提高检出率及确诊率提供帮助。     

壶腹周围癌MRI诊断与鉴别诊断

目的 探讨MR及MRCP成像在壶腹周围癌诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的54例壶腹周围癌病人的MR平扫、增强及MRCP图像,对相关结果进行χ~2检验及两独立样本t检验,并与病理结果相对照.结果 胰头癌32例,7例(21.9%)表现为"四管征";胆总管下段癌16例,9例(56.3%)表现为"三管征".2种征象在胰头癌和胆总管下段癌中差异具有显著性(P<0.05).胰头癌MRI及术中测量肿块最大面积与胆总管直径之比也明显大于胆总管下段癌(P<0.05).结论 MRI和MRCP对壶腹周围癌的诊断具有重要价值.     

Propeller LAVA结合DWI对壶腹周围癌术前可切除性评估

目的:探讨Propeller LAVA(liver accqusition with volume acceleration)多期动态增强扫描结合DWI(diffusionweighted imajing)在壶腹周围癌术前可切除性评估中的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析38例壶腹周围癌患者的MRI平扫、Propeller LAVA及DWI图像资料,最终对照临床确诊结果,比较二者在壶腹周围癌术前可切除性评估中的价值。结果:本组病例中,MRI平扫预测壶腹周围癌可切除的灵敏度为89.3%,特异度为80%,准确率为86.8%,阳性预测值为92.6%,阴性预测值72.7%;Propeller LAVA结合DWI预测壶腹周围癌可切除性的灵敏度为93.1%,特异度为81.8%,准确率为94.7%,阳性预测值为93.1%,阴性预测值为81.8%。两种方法在壶腹周围癌术前可切除性评估中有显著统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:Propeller LAVA结合DWI能清晰直观的显示肿瘤的部位及大小,肿瘤周围的血管有无受侵,有无腹腔淋巴结及其它脏器的转移,在壶腹周围癌术前可切除性评估中有重要的临床价值。     

DWI联合M RCP 在鉴别诊断壶腹周围病变良恶性中的价值

目的：探讨扩散加权成像（diffusion weighted imaging ,DWI）联合MRCP序列在鉴别导致胆管狭窄的壶腹周围病变的良恶性的应用价值。方法回顾性分析自2012年11月～2013年11月在我院怀疑壶腹部胆管狭窄,行常规MRI、MRCP及DWI检查的69例患者。经手术或ERCP活检病理证实,良性病变43例,恶性病变26例。由两名放射科资深医师首先参照常规MRI ,在MRCP和DWI图像基础上分别进行诊断,然后结合两者对壶腹周围病变进行再次评估,分别统计其恶性的可能性。两位资深医师的结果分别通过ROC曲线进行分析。结果2位医师分别通过M RCP和DWI对壶腹周围病变良恶性诊断的敏感度、特异度和准确度进行计算,M RCP分别为55．6％,86．9％,71．3％;53．5％,87．5％,70．9％;DWI分别为87．5％,62．5％,74．9％;89．4％,61．3％;76．3％。MRCP联合DWI图像后对病变诊断的准确度均得到提升,分别提高到81．2％和82．7％。结论 M RCP联合DWI可以提高对引起壶腹部胆管狭窄疾病的良恶性诊断的准确度。     

壶腹周围癌的MRI及MRCP诊断

目的通过对壶腹周围癌的磁共振胰胆管水成像（MRCP）和MRI征象特征分析,提高对壶腹周围癌认识水平。方法对经磁共振检查并由病理证实的20例壶腹周围癌的影像特征进行分析归纳总结。结果 20例壶腹周围癌共同的MRI表现为低位胆道梗阻和连接区的软组织肿块,不同来源的肿瘤在部位、大小、MRI强化、MRCP表现有不同特征,本组20例壶腹周围癌MR I诊断全部符合,与手术病理结果一致者18例（90%）,未明确鉴别诊断者2例（10%）。结论常规MRI结合MRCP对壶腹周围癌有较高的诊断和鉴别诊断价值。     

MRCP结合薄层T_2WI对胆总管下段结石的诊断

目的：探讨MRCP及薄层轴面T2WI脂肪抑制序列对胆总管下段结石的诊断价值。方法：对135例临床可疑胆总管结石患者施行上腹部磁共振检查（MRCP加常规MRI）,且对感兴趣区行薄层T2WI脂肪抑制序列扫描。比较分析增加薄层扫描前后对胆总管下段结石的诊断符合率。结果：MRCP加常规MRI以及增加薄层扫描后诊断符合率分别为82．96％、96．30％,两者之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：在常规扫描的基础上增加感兴趣区薄层扫描有助于小病变直接征象的显示。     

壶腹周围癌的CT和MRI征象分析

目的：探讨ＣＴ和ＭＲ在壶腹周围癌检测中的应用价值。方法：对３７例经手术病理证实的壶腹周围癌进行回顾性分析,并就其ＣＴ和ＭＲ表现为２５例正常腹部ＣＴ资料作对照分析。结果：壶腹部肿块为壶腹周围癌的主要征象,肿块远端胰腺不同程度萎缩、稀疏,胰后脂肪间隙模糊,胆总管远端和胰管近端间距增宽,ＭＲＣＰ显示扩张胆总管远端呈“鼠尾”状改变等征象,部分壶腹癌不能明确显示肿块,但胆总管远端和胰管近端间距缩小,ＭＲＣＰ     

Primary biliary cirrhosis: evaluation with T2-weighted MR imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography

Purpose

The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the role of T2-weighted MR imaging (MRI) and MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) findings in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).

Materials and methods

The following T2-weighted MRI and MRCP findings: segmental hepatic atrophy/hypertrophy, irregular liver surface, parenchymal lace-like fibrosis, rounded low signal intensity lesions centering portal vein branches (periportal halo sign), periportal hyperintensity (cuffing), splenomegaly, ascites, lymphadenopathy, venous collaterals, and the configuration of intrahepatic biliary ducts were reviewed for their diagnostic significance by two observers in 13 female patients (mean age: 49 years) with PBC. Discordant readings of the observers were resolved at consensus.

Results

When parenchymal lace-like fibrosis and periportal halo sign were seen together the sensitivity of T2-weighted MR images was 69%. In six cases periportal hyperintensity (cuffing) and periportal halo sign were seen together. Segmental hypertrophy was present in nine patients and hepatic surface irregularity due to regenerative nodules were present in 10 patients. Lymphadenopathy was seen in 10, splenomegaly was seen in 5, collateral vascular structures were seen in 2 and minimal perihepatic free fluid was seen in 2 patients. MRCP images revealed various mild irregularity in the intrahepatic bile ducts in 8 patients and focal narrowing at the common bile duct level in 1 patient.

Conclusion

MRI and MRCP may support the clinical and laboratory findings of PBC even in the early stages of the disease. MRI can also be a choice of method for the recommended prolonged follow up.     

MRCP对乳头旁憩室综合征的诊断价值

目的评估MRCP对十二指肠乳头旁憩室综合征(PAD)的诊断价值。方法49例PAD患者行MRCP检查,分析其临床表现和影像征象,评估MRCP对PAD的检出率及显示PAD与胆胰管末端位置关系的能力。结果49例中46例MRCP显示47个PAD,其中1例为多发PAD(显示率为93.9%)。乳头上型34个、乳头下型7个、乳头开口于憩室边缘(憩室缘型)4个和乳头开口于憩室内(憩室内型)2个。结论MRCP作为一种新型的无创的成像手段,对PAD有着较高的显示率,对显示PAD与胆胰管末端的解剖关系及对乳头旁憩室综合征的诊断有着较大的价值和较为广阔的应用前景。     

低场强MRCP结合轴面T2WI对胆系结石的诊断价值

目的探讨低场强MRCP结合轴面T2WI对胆系结石的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析38例胆系结石患者的低强场(0.2T)MRCP,MRCP结合T2WI及US所见并进行对比分析。结果MRCP,MRCP结合T2WI及US对胆系结石的检出率分别为75.0%,95.9%,79.5%,MRCP结合T2WI对胆系结石的检出率明显高于单一MRCP(χ2=7.31,P<0.01)和US(χ2=5.09,P<0.05)。结论在低场强MR扫描环境下,MRCP结合轴面T2WI可以提高胆系结石的检出率。     

Value of MRCP using oral Gd-DTPA as negative contrast materials in diagnosis of atypical juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum

ObjectiveTo investigate value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) using oral diluted gadolinium (Gd)-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) as negative contrast materials in diagnosis of juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum with atypical imaging features.MethodsNineteen patients with juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula of which imaging findings were atypical underwent MRCP using oral diluted Gd-DTPA as negative contrast materials after conventional MRCP without any oral contrast materials.ResultsTwenty diverticula were revealed in the 19 patients. At conventional MRCP, the diverticula appeared as rounded lesion with high signal intensity. After oral administration of diluted Gd-DTPA, they disappeared at MRCP. These entities were diagnosed as duodenal diverticula for they communicate with duodenal lumen.ConclusionMRCP using oral Gd-DTPA as negative contrast materials can be helpful in obtaining definitive diagnosis of those juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula without typical imaging features.     

MR-guided biopsy using a T2-weighted single-shot Zoom Imaging sequence (Local Look technique)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of a T2-weighted single shot turbo spin-echo technique — the so-called “Local Look” (LoLo) and more recently renamed “Zoom Imaging” technique — for MR-guided percutaneous interventions. We performed 28 procedures on 22 patients using a 1.5-T system for MR guidance. All procedures were controlled with the LoLo technique, which acquires T2-weighted images in 600 msec. This is achieved by using a small field of view (250 × 125 mm) along with a maximum echo train length, the so-called “single shot method.” To prevent backfolding artifacts, the 90° and 180° pulses were oriented orthogonally to each other. Because signal is created only in the region in which the pulses overlap, no backfolding can occur from outside this area. Half of the biopsies were additionally monitored using a fast gradient-echo sequence, which was compared with the LoLo technique. All of the procedures were technically successful, and there were no procedural complications. The LoLo technique produced images that had good contrast between the lesion and the needle artifact, and the artifact size was smaller than that produced by the gradient-echo technique. Subjective judgment of the ability to accurately delineate the needle tip indicated that the LoLo technique was either superior to (73%) or equal to (27%) the gradient-echo sequence in all cases. The LoLo technique is an accurate and effective method for MR guidance of percutaneous procedures, because it shows good lesion contrast and small needle artifacts. The additional use of a gradient-echo sequence during the procedure planning stage is advisable in more difficult cases, particularly when adjacent blood vessels are a concern. Monitoring of the needle tip is best performed with the LoLo technique.     

3.0T MRI内插扰相快速梯度回波T1WI联合MRCP对胆系结石的诊断价值

目的 探讨3.0T MRI的内插扰相快速梯度回波T1WI(LAVA-Flex)联合磁共振胰胆管造影(MRCP)对胆系结石的诊断价值.方法 127例临床可疑胆系结石患者行上腹部磁共振检查(LAVA-Flex+ MRCP);回顾性分析胆系结石的LAVA-Flex序列的信号特点及MRCP的表现,比较分析MRCP、LAVA-Flex+ MRCP 2种方法对胆系结石的阳性检出率.结果 MRCP发现结石110例,阳性检出率为86.6％;增加LAVA-Flex序列后发现结石121例,阳性检出率为95.3％;LAVA-Flex序列新发现的结石均为直径≤5 mm的小结石和泥沙样结石;LAVA-Flex序列联合MRCP诊断结石的阳性检出率高于常规的MRCP,其统计学比较有差异(P＜0.05).结论 LAVA-Flex序列可以发现微小的胆系结石,MRCP增加LAVA-Flex序列后能够提高胆系小结石阳性检出率,LAVA-Flex序列可以作为MRCP的重要补充.     

High signals in the uterine cervix on T2-weighted MRI sequences

The aim of this pictorial review was to illustrate the normal cervix appearance on T2-weighted images, and give a review of common or less common disorders of the uterine cervix that appear as high signal intensity lesions on T2-weighted sequences. Numerous aetiologies dominated by cervical cancer are reviewed and discussed. This gamut is obviously incomplete; however, radiologists who perform MR women's imaging should perform T2-weighted sequences in the sagittal plane regardless of the indication for pelvic MR. Those sequences will diagnose some previously unknown cervical cancers as well as many other unknown cervical or uterine lesions. Electronic Publication     

MRCP与Ture FISP序列对医源性胆管损伤的诊断价值

目的 探讨磁共振胰胆管成像(MRCP)与真稳态进动快速成像(Ture FISP)对医源性胆管损伤的诊断价值. 资料与方法 回顾性分析15例医源性胆管损伤患者的MR影像和临床资料,并与手术结果 对比. 结果 按照Bismuth分型法进行分型,15例中Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲ型5例.所提供损伤的部位及损伤程度,与术中所见相同.MRCP与Ture FISP序列分型准确15例. 结论 MRCP与Ture FISP序列对医源性胆管损伤部位和程度的判断具有重要价值.