某三甲医院新职工MMPI测试结果分析

目的了解医院新招聘职工的心理健康状况,建立心理健康档案,并对有心理问题的职工进行针对性的心理咨询和治疗。方法采用明尼苏达多项人格测验（Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory,简称MMPI）对66名新招聘职工进行测查,结果与中国大学生常模进行比较。结果 12.12%职工有心理异常,主要表现在抑郁、癔病、精神病态、精神衰弱及轻躁狂等;男职工在诈病分、精神分裂显著低于常模,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;女职工在诈病分、疑病、抑郁、精神病态、精神衰弱、精神分裂及社会内向显著低于常模,而校正、男性化显著高于常模,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论该院新职工总体心理状况良好,少数存在心理异常,男女新职工人格特征有别于常模,可针对性的进行个案调查及预防。     

医疗机构合同制员工思想心理状况的调查研究

目的：通过对本市市属医院313名在职正式编制员工以及合同制员工的思想心理状况的调查,探讨无锡市医院在职职工的心理状态及正式编制员工和合同制员工的心理差异。方法：采用统计分析法调查313名在职正式员工及合同制员工的思想心理状况。结果：23%的职工可能存在思想及心理问题,医院正式编制职工的心理状况较合同制职工思想及心理状况较好。结论：加强医务人员队伍建设及制定对合同工有益的相关对策对于改善医务人员及合同工的思想心理状况有较大的意义。     

工伤康复患者心理健康调查及干预治疗的研究

目的通过对康复期住院的工伤职工心理健康调查,了解并分析他们的心理状况和影响因素,提出心理障碍的干预治疗措施。方法对自愿接受调查的康复期工伤职工212名进行心理健康调查,并按入组顺序随机分成心理干预治疗组和对照组,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）21项版本前17项和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）进行评定,对照组给予常规康复治疗,心理干预治疗组在常规康复治疗基础上,根据患者的不同情况给予心理干预治疗,出院前1周对两组患者再次进行HAMD、HAMA评定。结果分别有63.7%、42.5%的工伤职工存在不同程度上的抑郁、焦虑情绪;干预治疗后两组HAMD、HA-MA评分均明显好转（P〈0.01）,治疗组好转程度较对照组显著（P〈0.01）。结论心理干预治疗后工伤康复职工焦虑、抑郁心理可得到明显改善。心理干预治疗是一项系统性的工程,需要个体、家庭、医院、政府、社会各个层面的配合与支持,才能取得最佳的治疗效果。心理干预治疗是解除心理障碍,促进患者全面康复的重要一环,对康复期工伤职工的心理干预治疗有着重要的现实意义。     

高职学生心理健康现状调查及心理护理干预

目的：调查高职学生的心理健康现状,探讨心理护理干预对于改善其心理健康状况的应用价值。方法以本校2013级学生为调查对象,采用症状自评量表SCL-90对上述学生的心理健康状况进行测评。对存在心理健康问题进行心理护理干预,比较护理前后SCL-90各因子的变化情况。结果642份有效问卷中存在轻度心理问题的有38人,存在中度心理问题的有34人,存在严重心理问题的有28人,共100人,占15.58%。与心理护理前相比,经心理护理干预后存在心理健康问题的学生在抑郁、焦虑、躯体化、恐怖、敌对、偏执和精神病倾向方面均有明显改善,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论对存在心理健康问题的高职学生进行有针对性的心理护理干预可有效改善其心理健康状况。     

医疗体制改革中的护理人员心理健康水平调查分析

目的：了解护士在医疗体制改革中的心理健康水平及其影响因素,为促进护士的身心健康提供理论依据。方法：对本院185名在职护士采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行调查,对结果进行分析。结果：显著异常状态53名,占接受测评护士的29%;各因子评分中抑郁、强迫症状、人际关系敏感占前3位。结论：医疗体制改革中的护士心理健康水平低,与护理工作特性、新医疗政策制度、工作环境有关。     

聘用护士心理健康状况的调查分析

目的调查聘用护士人员心理健康状况,为制定相关对策提供依据。方法用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)对208名聘用护士的心理健康状况进行调查。结果聘用护士焦虑发生率为35%,抑郁发生率为35.35%。30～35岁年龄组焦虑情绪的检出率42.62%高于25～30岁组(32.43%)和20～25岁组(30.76%),P<0.05。已婚护士焦虑和抑郁的发生率39.21%、38.29%高于未婚30.61%、31.37%,存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。焦虑情绪的检出率手术室(40%)、儿科(41.67%)、ICU41.18%,高于内科31.03%、外科(28.20%)五官科28.57%,P<0.05。抑郁情绪的检出率手术室(39.28%)、儿科(41.18%)、ICU43.24%高于内科31.66%、外科(30%)五官科(31.25%),P<0.05。轮班护士焦虑和抑郁的检出率29.01%、24.69%高于非轮班17.95%、16.67%(P<0.05)。结论聘用护士心理健康状况需要得到更多关注。     

癫痫患者心理健康状况及护理措施

目的了解癫痫患者心理健康状况并提出护理措施。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)作评定工具,对76例癫痫患者进行心理健康状况调查。结果癫痫患者有心理问题占90.79%,量表各因子中,人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对及恐怖性因子显著高于国内常模(P<0.01)。结论癫痫患者心理障碍较突出,有针对进行心理护理是促进患者早日康复的必不可少的措施之一。     

孕期个体化健康教育模式对预防产后抑郁症的观察

目的：探讨孕期个体化健康教育对预防产后抑郁症（Postpartum Depression,PPD）发生的作用。方法：选择在我院建卡并生产,符合要求的孕妇3 125例,按建卡顺序随机分为观察组1 563例和对照组1 562例,对照组采用常规孕期护理宣教,观察组在常规孕期护理宣教的基础上增加4次孕期个体化心理健康教育。分别在产前和产后2月填答爱丁堡产后抑郁量表进行测评。结果：产前抑郁倾向发病455例,占14.56%;产前PPD发病者384例,占12.29%。产后2月观察组中抑郁倾向和PPD的发病率分别为7.74%和6.85%,对照组中抑郁倾向和PPD的发病率分别为12.74%和13.64%。2组比较均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结论：个体化教育模式是减少产妇抑郁倾向和PPD的发病的有效措施之一。     

某医学院校高职新生心理健康状况的调查分析

目的探讨高职医学新生的心理健康状况,为本校心理健康教育工作提供科学依据。方法使用《中国大学生心理健康量表》(CCSMHS)对某医学院2013级高职医学新生进行了心理筛查。结果 1从总体上看高职新生的心理健康状况良好,其中有3.78%的新生存在各种明显的心理困扰问题;2受测学生表现出来的心理困扰主要集中体现在:抑郁、自卑、偏执、精神病倾向等方面;3不同群体新生在某些因子上存在显著差异。结论应有针对性地开展心理健康教育,加强大学生心理健康教育工作。     

浅谈留守儿童的心理健康现状及调查分析

目的：调查分析留守儿童的心理健康现状。方法随机选取某地200名留守儿童与200名非留守儿童为研究对象,采用MHT(心理健康诊断测验)量表对所有研究对象心理健康状况进行调查。结果留守儿童学习焦虑、对人焦虑、过敏倾向、身体状况、冲动倾向、恐怖倾向评分均高于非留守儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);单亲监护的留守儿童心理健康状况相对于其他监护儿童差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论留守儿童的心理健康相对于非留守儿童心理状况较差,且不同监护人对儿童的心理健康也有一定的影响,单亲监护的留守儿童心理健康状况相对较好。     

血站机采操作人员心理健康状况分析

目的:研究血站机采操作人员的心理健康状况。方法:使用心理压力源表和症状评定量表(SCL-90)对106名机采操作人员进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行分析。结果:机采操作人员的心理压力源在工作性质及强度方面、人际关系方面和家庭方面有显著差异,心理健康水平低于普通人群。从SCL-90得分情况分析,机采操作人员的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对和精神病性6个因子和总分上的得分高于全国常模,其中躯体化、抑郁和强迫最突出。结论:机采操作人员存在较大的心理压力和较多的心理健康问题,应采取有效的心理干预缓解其心理压力,以增进机采操作人员的身心健康。     

地震后北川羌族地区髋膝骨关节炎患者的心理问卷调查

目的了解地震后北川羌族地区髋膝骨关节炎(OA)患者心理健康状况。方法采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)诊断标准对北川羌族地区197例髋膝OA患者及213名无髋膝OA的对照人群进行心理问卷调查;采用健康调查问卷(SF-36)及西安大略和麦克马斯特大学(WOMAC)OA指数对197例髋膝OA患者进行调查。对所有调查结果进行统计学分析。结果 OA组和对照组SDS总标准分比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.214,P=0.044);OA组和对照组SAS总标准分比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.302,P=0.042)。SAS总标准分超过临界分的人数百分比:OA组为30例,占15.2%,对照组为8例,占3.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.019,P<0.05)。SDS总标准分超过临界分的人数百分比:OA组为85例,占43.2%,对照组为28例,占13.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.141,P<0.05)。197例OA患者有心理疾病者92例(46.7%),其中焦虑者30例(15.2%),抑郁者85例(43.1%),PTSD患者59例(29.9%);213名对照组有心理疾病48例(22.5%),其中焦虑者8例(3.8%),抑郁者28例(13.1%),PTSD患者33例(15.5%)。OA组有心理疾病者SF-36中躯体疼痛、情感职能及精神健康3个维度的平均得分明显低于无心理疾病者,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。OA组有心理疾病者WOMACOA指数中疼痛及功能活动得分高于无心理疾病者(P<0.05)。结论地震后北川羌族地区髋膝OA患者具有较高的心理问题,较低的生活质量,并且OA患者有心理疾病者关节疼痛更明显。     

孕期心理干预及健康保健对预防产后焦虑抑郁的观察

目的观察孕期心理干预及健康保健对预防产后焦虑、抑郁的效果。方法应用综合医院焦虑／抑郁（HAD）量表筛选出有焦虑或抑郁倾向的初孕妇300例,随机分为对照组（A组）100例、心理干预组（B组）100例及心理干预辅助健康保健组（c组）100例,三组均于入组时、产后1天、1周、6周测评HAD,并观察产后的产妇身心康复情况。结果与孕期相比,A组产后1天、1周、6周焦虑和抑郁情绪无明显改善,而B组与C组的情绪有明显改善,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;且C组于产后6周的身心康复水平更高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论孕期心理干预及健康保健能显著改善孕产期焦虑、抑郁的情绪,促进产妇身心健康,值得临床推广。     

腹泻型肠易激综合征患者心理健康状况分析

目的探讨陆军官兵腹泻型肠易激综合征(Irritable bowel syndrom,IBS)患者的心理健康状况、心理社会因素、应对方式及相关因素。方法对72例腹泻型IBS患者进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、应对方式问卷和一般情况调查分析。结果72例腹泻型IBS患者的SCL-90总均分与中国常模均分比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),总均分≥2.0分占84.72%,总均分≥3分占34.72%。焦虑自评量表20项总分均值与中国正常人常模相比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。应对方式以消极应对为主。多因素分析结果表明,与腹泻型IBS明显相关的因素是部职别、军龄、一年内是否有心理应激事件、自感精神紧张等。结论陆军官兵腹泻型IBS患者的心理健康状况令人担忧,其发生发展与社会心理因素、应对方式密切相关,因此陆军官兵腹泻型IBS的治疗要兼顾患者的生物和心理社会两个方面,加强心理治疗和精神药物治疗。     

难治性癫(癎)患者临床症状自评90项量表测评结果分析

目的 了解难治性癫(癎)患者的心理健康状况.方法 对40例初中以上文化水平,无智力缺陷的成人患者,使用临床症状自评90项(SCL-90)量表进行测量,测定结果 进行统计学分析.结果 40例患者测评结果:总分最高分227分,最低分103分,平均(159.63±35.04)分,其中躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对等因子分均高于中国成人常模,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 难治性癫(癎)患者心理健康水平明显低于普通人群,在积极手术治疗的同时应关注该群体存在的心理健康问题,对提高疗效及患者的生活质量有重要意义.

Abstract：

Objective To study the mental health in the patients with intractable epilepsy. Methods Totally 40 adult patients with middle school level or above, no mental deficiency, were tested with symptom checklist 90 scale. Results The patients with intractable epilepsy associated with different degrees of mental problems including somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and hostility. The factor scores of refractory epilepsy were higher than those of normal adult. The differences were significant (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion The intractable epilepsy patient's psychological health is significantly lower than the normal people.     

Substance use behaviors, mental health problems, and use of mental health services in a probability sample of college students

This research examined 1) the prevalence of substance use behaviors in college students, 2) gender and academic level as moderators of the associations between mental health problems and substance use, and 3) mental health service use among those with co-occurring frequent binge drinking and mental health problems. As part of the Healthy Minds Study, a probability sample of 2843 college students completed an Internet survey on mental health problems, substance use behaviors, and utilization of mental health care. Response propensity weights were used to adjust for differences between respondents and non-respondents. Major depression, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder were positively associated with cigarette smoking. Frequent binge drinking was negatively associated with major depression and positively associated with generalized anxiety disorder, and these associations were significantly stronger for males than females. Among students with co-occurring frequent binge drinking and mental health problems, 67% perceived a need for mental health services but only 38% received services in the previous year. There may be substantial unmet needs for treatment of mental health problems and substance use among college students.     

Smoking and quitting behaviours by mental health conditions in Great Britain (1993–2014)

Smoking is a major contributor to the disparity in life expectancy between those with and without a mental health condition. Previous work has found associations between individual conditions such as depression and current smoking, cigarette consumption and dependence, but did not compare a range of specific mental disorders. Using data from the nationally-representative Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, we characterised trends in smoking prevalence in the general population in Great Britain and among those with and without mental health conditions for the period 1993–2014. We tested associations across different common mental health conditions (including depression, phobia, generalised anxiety and mixed anxiety and depression), in addition to personality conditions, and heaviness of smoking, desire to quit, perceived difficulty of remaining abstinent and successful cessation within the previous 12 months. Smoking prevalence among those without any mental health condition decreased from 29.3% in 1993 to 19.6% in 2014. Prevalence was higher among those with a condition but fell from 44.6% to 34.1%. Having a mental health condition was associated with current smoking, heavy smoking, difficulty remaining abstinent, desire to quit and perceived difficulty remaining abstinent. The same was found for all conditions individually but the strength and significance of the associations varied. Having any common mental health condition was associated with lower odds of smoking cessation—but not after adjustment for heavy smoking. We found no significant associations between individual conditions and cessation outcomes, however. In summary, smoking prevalence among people with common mental health conditions remained around 50% higher than among those without despite their higher desire to quit. Adequately addressing higher dependence could support cessation and contribute to narrowing health disparities.     

Quitting ecstasy: an investigation of why people stop taking the drug and their subsequent mental health

The regular use of ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA) has been associated with depressed mood, anxiety and hostility, but it is not known whether such effects persist after people stop using the drug. Furthermore, little is known about what factors might influence the decision to quit using MDMA. The aim of the present study was to examine the reasons why ex-users had stopped using this drug and to assess their current levels of depression, anxiety, anger and aggression. Telephone interviews were conducted with people who used to take MDMA on a regular basis but who no longer used the drug. The participants comprised sixty-six ex-users who used to take MDMA regularly (at least once every 2 months over a period of at least 1 year), but who had not taken MDMA for at least 1 year (average 3 years). Participants were asked about why they had quit MDMA. They also completed questionnaires to assess trait mood. Ex-users could be divided into two groups based on their reason for quitting: (i) those who had quit for mental health reasons and (ii) those who had quit for circumstantial reasons. Approximately half of those in the mental health group scored in the range for clinical depression. In that group, current levels of depression and anxiety correlated significantly with the cumulative amount of MDMA that they had taken several years previously. These findings suggest that some users may either be more vulnerable to the adverse effects of MDMA or have pre-existing mental health problems for which they self-medicate by using ecstasy. The present study shows that some ex-users experience an impairment to mental health that persists for years after they stop using this drug.     

早期心理干预联合氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁症的临床观察

目的:评价急性脑卒中后抑郁的发生情况,并观察早期心理干预联合氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁症的疗效。方法:220例首发急性脑卒中患者用Hamilton抑郁量表、抑郁自评量表和社会支持量表进行抑郁症评价,并进行Logistic多元逐步回归分析。将确诊为抑郁症的118例患者随机分为对照组和心理干预联合氟西汀治疗组,2组均接受常规药物治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上同步进行心理干预联合氟西汀治疗。结果:脑卒中后抑郁的发生率为53.63%;病灶位于皮质和皮质前部的患者抑郁评分显著高于位于皮质下和皮质后部的患者;治疗后治疗组有效率为93.22%,显著高于对照组的61·01%(P<0·05)。结论:首发急性脑卒中的抑郁症发生率较高,其严重程度与病变部位有关。早期心理干预联合氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁症明显有效。     

A national study of the mental health literacy of community pharmacists

BackgroundCommunity pharmacists are in a prime position to communicate with and assist those with mental health needs. However, mental health literacy, which includes beliefs and knowledge of mental health conditions, can impact the provision of pharmacy services. The mental health literacy of community pharmacists in New Zealand is currently unknown.ObjectivesTo assess the mental health literacy of community pharmacists in New Zealand.MethodsWe employed a national cross-sectional online survey, evaluating attitudes towards mental illness, ability to recognise depression using a vignette and followed by questions related to the helpfulness of various interventions, and willingness to provide pharmacy services for people with mental illness in comparison to cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, opportunities for mental health training were explored. Participants were community pharmacists working in New Zealand contacted via mailing lists of professional bodies.ResultsWe received responses from 346 participants. The majority of participants showed positive attitudes towards mental illness and correctly identified depression in the vignette (87%). Participants rated counsellors (84%) and physical activity (92%) as the most helpful professionals and intervention respectively while only 43% considered antidepressants as helpful for depression. When compared to other people in the community, long-term functioning of the individual described in the vignette was rated poorly, especially in terms of increased likelihood to attempt suicide (85%) and reduced likelihood to be a productive worker (64%). Approximately 30% of participants reported reduced confidence/comfort while approximately half of participants reported greater interest in providing mental health-related care compared to cardiovascular disease. The participants also highlighted several areas for future mental health training they wished to undertake.ConclusionsWe have identified positive attitudes towards mental illness in our study. Participants correctly identified and supported evidence-based interventions for mild to moderate depression. However, we highlighted the need for ongoing mental health training to address knowledge gaps and enhance the confidence in providing mental health-related care.