拟合体重百分位数曲线的加权三次样条

目的：年龄别百分位数是许多临床参考值的基本参数,研究一种适用于各种分布,能更精确描述这些基本参数随年龄变化的曲线平滑方法。方法：采用另权三次样条对西安市０￣１８岁儿童青少年体重百分位数进行拟合。结果：计算城市儿童体重百分位数的拟合结果和平滑后的百分位数曲线。结论：加权三次样条兼顾了曲线拟合中的拟合优度和光滑度,该法不仅可用于各种儿童生长标准研究,也适用于测定其它随年龄变化的临床参考值。     

采用三次样条函数拟合身高百分位数曲线

目的：生长标准科学的表达方法是以年龄为协变量绘制年龄别百分位数曲线图或列表,这在欧美等发达国家已广泛采用,而我国尚无全国性的从出生到成年的生长发育指标的百分位数曲线图,我们旨在提供制定生长标准曲线的方法和途径。给出精确直观的百分位数曲线。方法：采用三次样条对西安市0－18岁儿童青少年身高百分位数进行拟合。结果：给出了男,女生P3,P10,P25,P50,P75,P90,P97百分位数的拟合结果和平滑后的百分位数曲线图。结论：三次样条兼顾了曲线拟合中的拟合优度和光滑度,能更好的实现曲线拟合的目的。该法不仅可用于儿童各种生长标准研究,也适用于制定其他随年龄变化的临床参考值。     

江苏省7~17岁儿童青少年体重指数百分位数参考值和曲线研究

目的：建立江苏省7~17岁儿童青少年体重指数(body mass index,BMI)百分位数参考值和曲线,为评价生长发育特点提供科学依据。方法：基于“2021年江苏省学生常见病和健康影响因素监测”项目,采用分层随机整群抽样法在江苏省13个市26个县(市、区),共选取45 595名7~17岁中小学生进行体格检查,使用偏度系数-中位数-变异系数法(LMS法)建立江苏省儿童青少年BMI百分位数参考值,拟合出相应的百分位数曲线并与全国水平比较。结果：江苏省7~17岁男女生BMI均随年龄增长而增加。男童9岁时BMI进入增长高峰,12 岁后增长减缓,女童10岁时BMI进入增长高峰,14 岁后增长减缓。江苏省儿童青少年各年龄组BMI 5 th、50 th、95 th百分位数均高于全国水平。结论：本研究呈现了江苏省儿童青少年的BMI分布状况; 基于LMS 法获得了江苏省儿童青少年BMI 百分位参考值和生长曲线,拟合效果良好;江苏省各年龄组男女生BMI主要百分位数均高于全国水平,各年龄组男生BMI中位数均大于女生。     

用LMS法建立长沙市3～11岁儿童体质指数生长曲线

目的 建立长沙市3～11岁儿童体质指数生长百分位曲线.方法 测量18 214名儿童的身高、体重,计算每个儿童的体质指数值,应用LMS方法对体质指数百分位数进行拟合.结果 获得了按年龄的L、M、S 3个参数并计算出长沙市3～11岁儿童体质指数百分位曲数.结论 LMS法拟合曲线效果良好,长沙市男、女儿童体质指数与世界卫生组织资料及全国水平存在差异.     

合肥市低出生体质量儿体格发育指标参考值制定

目的 了解低出生体质量儿(LBWI)婴儿期的生长轨迹,建立LBWI体格发育指标百分位数的生长模型.方法 选取合肥市区LBWI共261例建立研究队列,应用LMS方法建立合肥市城区LBWI婴儿期男女年龄别体质量、年龄别身长百分位曲线.结果 采用LMS法拟合体质量、身长曲线,建立了LBWI体格发育指标百分位数曲线,获取了LBWI婴儿期各月龄体质量及身长百分位参考值,生长曲线拟合效果良好.结论 该研究从体质量、身长、不同性别建立了LBWI婴儿期生长标准参考值和生长曲线,为评估LBWI婴儿期生长发育情况及预测婴儿期疾病等临床实践提供参考,有助于了解合肥市LBWI体格生长特点和轨迹,为监测LBWI生长发育及评价营养状况提供参考.     

用LMS法建立长沙市3～11岁儿童身高生长曲线

目的 建立长沙市3～11岁儿童身高生长百分位曲线.方法 测量长沙市18214名3～11岁儿童的身高,应用LMS方法对身高百分位数进行拟合.结果 获得了按年龄的L、M和S 3个参数并计算出长沙市3～11岁儿童身高百分位曲数.结论 LMS法拟合曲线效果良好,长沙市3～11岁儿童身高与世界卫生组织及全国水平存在差异.     

银川市8～18岁学生生长发育现状分析

目的了解银川市8～18岁学生的生长发育状况,为儿童青少年卫生保健工作提供理论依据.方法采用随机整群抽样的方法对银川市8557名8～18岁学生进行身高、体重、胸围、肺活量及体重百分位数的调查.结果银川市8～18岁学生的生长发育状况符合一般的发育规律,男、女生的形态及肺活量等指标随年龄的增长而上升,身高的发育曲线呈现两次交叉,营养状况良好占81.6%.结论银川市儿童青少年生长发育状况良好.     

用LMS法建立长沙市3～11岁儿童体质量生长曲线

目的 了解长沙市3～11岁儿童体质量的分布特征,建立体质量生长百分位曲线,为儿童超重、肥胖和消瘦的预防、治疗及BMI筛查参考值的建立提供依据.方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取长沙市20所幼儿园及15所小学18214名儿童,测量入选儿童的体质量,并记录性别和年龄,采用LMS方法拟合儿童体质量百分位数.结果 获得了各年龄段的L、M、S 3个参数并计算出了长沙市3～11岁体质量百分位曲数;长沙市男女儿童体质量总体上高于全国平均水平:大部分年龄段男童体质量高于全国平均水平,各年龄段女童体质量均高于全国平均水平.结论 LMS法拟合的儿童体质量生长曲线、拟合值与实测值误差很小,拟合效果良好;长沙市3～11岁儿童体质量与全国水平均存在差异.     

辽西地区汉族城乡男性儿童青少年体型比较

目的了解和研究辽西地区汉族城乡男性儿童青少年的体型发育规律和特点,为体质人类学补充必要的资料。方法采用Heath-Carter体型法,对辽西地区7~19岁汉族城乡男性儿童青少年1323名(城男657,乡男666名),进行体型比较。结果辽西地区汉族城男的体型均值3.9~3.5~3.4,属中间型,乡男的体型均值3.6~2.5~3.7,属外胚层-内胚层均衡体型。身高、体重城男大于乡男,平均身高相差5.93 cm(u=6.24,P<0.01),平均体重相差5.75kg(u=6.93,P<0.01),三因子平均值比较,内因子:城男>乡男,外因子:城男<乡男,以上差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),中因子:城男>乡男,且差异显著,经t检验,7岁、8岁、11岁、13岁、15~18岁同龄城乡男生体型差异显著(P<0.01)。体型频数在各年龄各体型中的变化,提示辽西城市汉族男生体型分布较散,农村汉族男生体型分布在内胚层和外胚层的体型较多。结论辽西地区汉族乡男比城男矮瘦,城男比乡男皮下脂肪发达,骨骼、肌肉强健,辽西地区男生体内脂肪含量高。     

沂蒙山区儿童少年40年来生长发育动态研究

目的研究7～18岁儿童少年的生长发育趋势.方法采用随机整群分层抽样的方法,于1963、1973、1981、1985、2003年对沂蒙山区7～18岁城、乡儿童少年的身高、体重、胸围、坐高准确测量.结果40年来,城市男、女儿童少年平均每10年的身高分别增加3.81cm和3.16cm,体重分别增加3.30kg和2.32kg;乡村男、女儿童少年平均每10年的身高分别增加3.61cm和3.12cm,体重分别增加2.67kg和2.24kg.儿童少年的生长发育表现出明显的男、女差异和城、乡差异.男、女儿童少年各项形态指标的两次交叉年龄提前2～3年;突增高峰年龄:城市男、女儿童少年提前2～3年,乡村男、女儿童少年提前1～2年.结论四项形态指标发育水平有逐年提高的趋势,为今后政府部门的决策提供了可靠依据.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.