超声内镜引导下胰腺穿刺活检的现状

内镜超声检查术(endoscopic ultrasonography,EUS)是近10 a来开展的新技术,目前已广泛应用于上消化道及邻近脏器疾病的诊断.EUS引导下穿刺活检是EUS的重大进展.现就EUS引导下穿刺活检对胰腺疾病.尤其是胰腺肿瘤的诊断价值作一综述.1胰腺的穿刺活检方法自1972Oscarson首创的血管造影下经皮胰腺活检以及Smith et al行B超引导下经皮胰腺活检以来,胰腺疾病的细胞学和组织学诊断技术发展迅速,目前胰腺疾病的穿刺活检方法主要有:①术中直视下胰腺穿刺活检;②B超、CT及经内镜逆行胰管造影术(endoscopic retrograde pancreatography,ERP)引导下经皮细针穿刺活检;③超声内镜引导下细针穿刺活检(endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsy.EUS     

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目的提高对胃异位胰腺的诊断及治疗水平。方法2000-2004年对解放军总医院消化科241例胃黏膜下肿物进行超声内镜(EUS)检查,回顾分析胃异位胰腺的图像特征。结果EUS诊断良性间质瘤105例,恶性间质瘤23例,脂肪瘤48例,异位胰腺45例,囊肿20例。异位胰腺EUS图像特点:(1)黏膜下层病变39例,6例与固有肌层无分界;(2)边界清37例;(3)42例为不均匀、形状不规则中强回声,3例为不均匀低回声;(4)32例中心有小的不规则液性回声。内镜电切26例,无出血穿孔等并发症。结论超声内镜对胃异位胰腺的诊断有一定价值,内镜切除是安全有效的治疗方法。     

超声内镜在急性胰腺炎中的应用进展

急性胰腺炎(AP)是临床上常见的胰腺疾病,早期诊断和正确治疗AP及其并发症对缓解患者的症状及改善预后十分重要.超声内镜(EUS)对胰腺实质、胰胆管的分辨率较高,近年来EUS在AP中的应用逐渐增多,其在病因诊断、重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的早期预测和内镜下治疗,以及预后预测和随访等方面发挥着重要的作用.该文就EUS在AP中...     

内镜技术在胰腺疾病诊断中的价值

随着消化内镜的普及和发展,特别是内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)和内镜超声(EUS)的应用,使得胰腺疾病的影像学诊断水平在US、CT、MRI等技术的基础上得到了提高.同时,ERCP和EUS相关介入技术的发展,使得获取胰液、胰腺细胞或组织标本成为可能,进行胰腺疾病的病理学、细胞学或分子生物学诊断得以实现.从而提高了胰腺疾病的诊断率和胰腺良恶性疾病的鉴别水平.     

超声内镜与B超诊断胰腺疾病的对比分析

目的探讨超声内镜(EUS)和B超对胰腺疾病的诊断价值.方法对1999年6月至2001年6月期间123例胰腺疾病患者行EUS检查并与体表B超检查结果进行比较.结果 63例胰腺癌、45例胰腺炎和11例其它胰腺疾病患者经EUS确诊.38例胰腺癌,28例胰腺炎和5例其它胰腺疾病经US确诊.EUS诊断胰腺疾病的敏感性与准确性均明显高于B超,EUS与B超诊断符合率分别为96.7%(119/123)与56.9%(70/123)(P < 0.01).结论 EUS在胰腺疾病诊断中有较高的特异性和准确性,与B超联合应用有助于胰腺疾病的诊断.     

超声内镜与B超诊断胰腺疾病的对比分析

目的 探讨超声内镜(EUS)和B超对胰腺疾病的诊断价值。方法 对1999年6月至2001年6月期间123例胰腺疾病患行EUS检查并与体表B超检查结果进行比较。结果 63例胰腺癌、45例胰腺炎和11例其它胰腺疾病患经EUS确诊。38例胰腺癌，28例胰腺炎和5例其它胰腺疾病经US确诊。EUS诊断胰腺疾病的敏感性与准确性均明显高于B超，EUS与B超诊断符合率分别为96．7％(119／123)与56．9％(70／123)(P＜0．01)。结论 EUS在胰腺疾病诊断中有较高的特异性和准确性，与B超联合应用有助于胰腺疾病的诊断。     

超声内镜对胰腺癌的诊断与治疗

随着超声内镜仪的普及,内镜超声检查术(endoscopic ultrasonography, EUS)巳成为诊断胰腺疾病的首选方法[1],尤其是EUS引导下FNA技术的应用极大地提高了胰腺肿瘤的诊断准确率,新型超声内镜仪及三维微型高频超声探头的应用提高了小胰癌的显示率.     

超声内镜对胃异位胰腺的诊断及治疗价值

目的 探讨超声内镜(EUS)对胃异位胰腺的诊断及治疗价值.方法 收集本院2009年3月至2011年8月经普通胃镜及超声内镜检出的32例胃异位胰腺患者,分析异位胰腺的EUS图像特征,对其行内镜下皮圈套扎联合高频电切除术,评价其疗效.结果 胃异位胰腺在EUS下表现为隆起型病变,可发生于胃壁超声结构任何一层或多层,以黏膜下层多见,呈低、中或混合回声.其中22例行皮圈套扎后高频电切除,无明显并发症,17例内镜复查无复发.2例行内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR),1例行黏膜剥离术(ESD),7例未予处理.结论 EUS对异位胰腺有重要的诊断价值,内镜下皮圈套扎后高频电切除治疗简单、经济、安全、有效,值得临床推广.     

超声内镜对胰腺疾病的诊断价值

内镜超声检查(EUS)指内镜的前端装有高频超声探头,在内镜直视下探头被送入胃肠腔内,直接对胃肠道病变进行超声扫描,或透过胃肠壁对肝胆胰病变进行观察,由于超声探头离病变部位近,无腹壁衰减和消化道气体的影响,采用较高频率的超声波,可获得较清晰的图像,是近年应用于消化系统疾病诊断的新技术.由于其对胰腺实质及胰管的良好显示,现在越来越普遍地运用于胰腺疾病的诊断.EUS引导下针吸细胞学检查(EUS-FNA)作为EUS检查的重要补充手段,可以获得病理诊断,进一步提高疾病的诊断准确率.     

超声内镜在胰腺癌诊治中的应用进展

超声内镜(endoscopic ultrasound,EUS)技术发展迅猛,特别是超声内镜下介入性诊断和治疗是目前该技术的发展方向之一,由于其对胰腺实质及胰管的良好显示,现在越来越多地应用于胰腺疾病尤其是胰腺癌的诊断和治疗。现就近年来超声内镜在胰腺癌诊治中的应用进展作一综述。     

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound for diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis

The diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is based on altered pancreatic morphology and function. A spectrum of disease exists, and milder forms of disease may be missed by CT but demonstrated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The accuracy of ERCP and EUS for diagnosis of “minimal change” or “early” chronic pancreatitis is controversial, particularly when the results from these imaging procedures are discordant with each other or with tests of pancreatic function; in some cases ERCP and EUS should be considered indeterminate for diagnosis. This review discusses recent data concerning the accuracy of ERCP and EUS for diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, the use of EUS fine-needle aspiration for differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses, and the use of EUS and EUS-guided TruCut biopsy for diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis.     

Elastography in the evaluation of chronic pancreatitis

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become an essential tool in the evaluation of pancreatic disease and can be considered the technique of choice for the diagnosis and staging of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic cancer (PC). However, EUS has certain limitations, especially in the evaluation of patients with solid pancreatic masses (in the differential diagnosis of CP and PC). Furthermore there is variability in the EUS diagnostic criteria for CP. EUS-guided elastography is emerging as a highly useful tool in this setting. This modality has shown high diagnostic accuracy in the differential diagnosis of solid pancreatic masses, including differentiation between CP and PC. EUS-guided elastography has also been found to be useful in the diagnosis of CP, and can even classify patients according to the severity of their disease.     

EUS, PET, and CT scanning for evaluation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND: Preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma can be difficult. Computed tomography (CT) is the standard, noninvasive imaging method for evaluation of suspected pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but it has limited sensitivity for diagnosis, local staging, and metastases. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and fluoro-deoxyglucose/positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are imaging methods that may improve diagnostic accuracy. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with presumed resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma were prospectively evaluated with helical CT, EUS, and FDG-PET. RESULTS: Sensitivity for the detection of pancreatic cancer was higher for EUS (93%) and FDG-PET (87%) than for CT (53%). EUS was more sensitive than CT for local vascular invasion of the portal and superior mesenteric veins. EUS diagnosis of vascular invasion was associated with poor outcome after surgery. EUS-guided, fine-needle aspiration allowed tissue diagnosis in 14 of 21 attempts (67%). FDG-PET diagnosed 7 of 9 cases of proven metastatic disease, 4 of which were missed by CT. Two of three metastatic liver lesions suspected by CT were indeterminate for metastases. FDG-PET confirmed metastases. CONCLUSIONS: EUS and PET improve diagnostic capability in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. EUS is useful in determining local vascular invasion and obtaining tissue diagnosis. FDG-PET is useful in identifying metastatic disease. Both techniques are more sensitive than helical CT for identification of the primary tumor. (Gastrointest Endosc 2000;52:367-71).     

Radial endoscopic ultrasound and spiral computed tomography in the diagnosis and staging of periampullary tumors.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The early detection and accurate staging of pancreatic and ampullary cancer is of utmost importance for the achievement of surgical radical treatment. The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the role of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in detection and staging of pancreatic and ampullary cancer, comparing its results to those obtained with spiral computed tomography (SCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-one patients with suspected pancreatic and ampullary tumors were included, 46 (75, 4%) of whom presented with obstructive jaundice. Patients underwent EUS and SCT within a 7-day period. Examiners were unaware of the previous imaging results, except conventional echography. Image interpretation was compared to surgical and histopathological findings. RESULTS: Fifty-six (91, 8%) patients were surgically explored. Clinical follow-up and/or tissue diagnosis determined the correct diagnosis in the remaining five patients. Pancreatic cancer and ampullary cancer were observed in 29 (47, 6%) and 10 (16, 4%) patients, respectively. Chronic pancreatitis and choledocholithiasis were the most common diagnosis in patients with non-neoplastic disease. EUS was more effective than SCT for the definition of the final diagnosis in patients with obstructive jaundice (87.0 vs. 67.4%, p = 0.04). Both exams were equally effective for detecting pancreatic cancer but EUS predicted more accurately the involvement of portal-mesenteric axis by the tumor (87.0 vs. 67.4%, p = 0.04). EUS was particularly useful in the diagnosis of cancer of papilla of Vater. CONCLUSION: In patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma without unequivocal signs of distant metastatic disease, EUS is more accurate than SCT to predict venous involvement by the tumor. EUS is superior to SCT to detect ampullary adenocarcinoma. Both methods are equally ineffective to detect nodal involvement in pancreatic and ampullary cancer.     

Endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic diseases

There are many indications for the use of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the management of patients with pancreatic diseases. High-resolution imaging of the pancreas is achievable due to the close proximity between luminal structures and the pancreas. Since its introduction, EUS has had a significant impact on the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases. The detection of small lesions and neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors as well as the preoperative staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma have been improved employing EUS. For the detection of small pancreatic tumors <2 cm in diameter, EUS appears to be the most sensitive method. EUS adds significant information to the differential diagnosis between pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis, and it may be further enhanced by EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration. While the role of EUS in distinguishing between benign and malignant cystic pancreatic tumors is under discussion, EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts is an accepted treatment option for symptomatic individuals. One of the most important advantages of EUS apart from tumor staging is the early detection of chronic pancreatitis. EUS is as good as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in diagnosing chronic pancreatitis in advanced stages. In early stages of the disease, when the ductal system remains normal, EUS appears to be a superior diagnostic modality because it can detect features of chronic pancreatitis in the parenchyma not visible by other techniques.     

EUS and K-ras analysis of pure pancreatic juice collected via a duodenoscope after secretin stimulation for diagnosis of pancreatic mass lesion: a prospective study

BACKGROUND: The early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer remains problematic. This prospective study assessed the utility of a combination of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and genetic analysis of pure pancreatic juice in the diagnosis of pancreatic mass lesions. METHODS: One hundred seventy-six patients with suspected pancreatic disease were enrolled and underwent ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), endoscopic retrograde choleangiopancreatography (ERCP), and EUS. Pure pancreatic juice was collected endoscopically after secretin stimulation. K-ras point mutations at codon 12 in the juice were assayed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: Thirty-six (20%) patients were found to have solid pancreatic masses including 19 with cancer (7 patients, 相似文献   

胰腺炎并发假性动脉瘤11例临床分析

目的分析判断胰腺假性动脉瘤适合的临床诊断及治疗方法。方法回顾我院2006年1月至2014年12月间收治的11例胰腺假性动脉瘤患者临床资料,包括诊断、治疗方式及临床效果。结果胰腺假性动脉瘤的诊断方式为经内镜超声诊断2例,经腹部增强CT诊断8例,经介入造影诊断1例。10例患者接受经动脉介入栓塞治疗,9例治疗成功,随访28 d时,1例患者再次出血,经二次栓塞治疗成功止血;1例患者成功接受手术治疗。结论腹部增强CT及动脉造影是诊断胰腺假性动脉瘤的主要方法,内镜超声也可用于诊断。手术治疗是胰腺假性动脉瘤的传统治疗方式,介入栓塞治疗逐渐成为治疗胰腺假性动脉瘤的首选治疗方式。但为进一步明确胰腺假性动脉瘤的诊疗方案,仍需大样本的临床观察。     

细针直径对内镜超声下胰腺实性占位穿刺诊断影响的研究

目的研究不同细针直径对内镜超声(EUS)引导下细针穿刺(FNA)胰腺实性占位诊断的影响。方法选择临床及影像学疑诊胰腺实性占位患者共37例,分别用19G和22G穿刺针进行穿刺。结果EUS检出全部37例胰腺占位,16例患者经22G穿刺针行FNA,11例获得满意标本;21例患者经19G穿刺针行FNA,均获得满意标本。32例获得病理诊断,其中3例误诊为慢性胰腺炎。结论EUS能有效检出胰腺占位,穿刺针大小为穿刺组织病理诊断成功的影响因素,慢性胰腺炎是影响病理诊断的重要因素。     

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition of pancreatic masses

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has assumed an increasing role in the management of pancreaticobiliary disease over the past 2 decades but its impact is particularly evident in the management of pancreatic masses. EUS helps improve patients′ outcomes by enhancing tumor detection and staging while providing safe and reliable tissue diagnosis. This review provides an evidence-based approach to the use of EUS for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, its staging, and for the determination of resectability compared to other imaging modalities. We will focus on techniques specific to obtaining tissue from solid pancreatic masses and will review best practices in EUS-guided tissue acquisition.     

胰腺结石的超声内镜检查和ERCP的对比研究

目的 探讨胰腺结石的EUS和ERCP表现及其诊断价值。方法 分析经手术或内镜下胰管取石确诊35例胰腺结石患的EUS和ERCP检查结果。结果 35例中ERCP诊断27例(78．3％)，8例诊断不明。伴有胰实质结石的4例患ERCP均未能对胰实质结石做出诊断。而EUS诊断33例(94．3％)，其中4例胰实质结石全部显示，2例胰管小结石未能诊断，EUS和ERCP联合检查全部35例均获得诊断。结论 ERCP联合EUS可提高胰腺结石诊断的准确率。