阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对患者心肌缺血负荷的影响

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)对患者心肌缺血的影响及可能机制。方法纳入52例OSAHS患者和21名健康体检者,应用多导睡眠监测系统(PSG)行至少7 h睡眠呼吸监测,长程动态心电图(Holter)同步记录心电动态变化,分析心肌缺血与呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)的关系。结果轻中度OSAHS组(5次/h≤AHI<30次/h)与重度OSAHS组(AHI≥30次/h)均表现为睡眠时心肌缺血负荷显著大于觉醒时,且OSAHS患者AHI与睡眠时心肌缺血负荷相关(r=0.667,P<0.01)。轻中度OSAHS组与重度OSAHS组分别根据有无心肌缺血情况,分为心肌缺血组和无心肌缺血组。轻中度组亚组分析显示,与无心肌缺血组相比,心肌缺血组清醒时与睡眠时的平均心率均显著增快[(83.33±6.86)次/min比(76.30±8.52)次/min;(64.71±6.94)次/min比(59.18±2.94)次/min,均为P<0.05]。重度组亚组分析显示,与无心肌缺血组相比,心肌缺血组睡眠效率(74.71%±8.32%比86.36%±6.33%,P<0.01)、最低血氧饱和度(52.36%±17.32%比64.80%±14.86%,P<0.05)、平均血氧饱和度(87.93%±4.80%比92.00%±1.73%,P<0.01)及总非快速动眼期时间/总睡眠时间(68.67%±4.19%比76.87%±7.16%,P<0.05)均显著降低,SaO_2<90%的时间及最长呼吸暂停时间[(236.65±132.72)min比(124.10±82.99)min;(71.63±15.94)s比(55.28±22.05)s,均为P<0.05]均显著延长。结论 OSAHS患者睡眠时的心肌缺血与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停相关。轻中度OSAHS患者睡眠时心肌缺血可能由反复交感神经系统激活相关的改变所致,重度OSAHS患者的心肌缺血可能与低氧血症及睡眠结构紊乱相关。     

高血压合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的血压变异性

目的探讨高血压合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者的血压变异性特点。方法纳入疑似OSAHS的高血压患者217例,根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为4组:非OSAHS组(33例),轻度OSAHS组(57例),中度OSAHS组(68例),重度OSAHS组(59例),比较各组患者血生化指标、血压及血压变异性,分析AHI与血压变异性的关系。结果 4组患者的体质量指数(BMI)和血压变异性明显不同,随睡眠呼吸暂停的严重程度增加而增大(P<0.05)。以BMI进行分层后,超重及肥胖高血压患者的夜间血压变异性随睡眠呼吸暂停严重程度的增加而增大(P<0.05)。偏相关分析显示控制年龄、BMI、血压后,AHI与24h收缩压变异性、24h舒张压变异性、白昼收缩压变异性、白昼舒张压变异性、夜间收缩压变异性及夜间舒张压变异性呈正相关(分别r=0.346,0.414,0.263,0.324,0.445,0.570,均P<0.05)。结论 AHI与血压变异性相关,睡眠呼吸暂停对夜间血压变异性影响更为明显。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者ET-1、ADM相关性研究

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者血清内皮素(ET-1)、肾上腺素质素(ADM)水平变化及意义.方法 选择确诊为OSAHS患者38例,其中轻度组12例、中度组13例、重度组13例,选择14例健康者为健康对照组.采用ELISA法测定血清ET-1、ADM.结果 OSAHS组血清ET-1、ADM水平均高于正常对照组(P<0.05).血清ET-1、ADM水平随OSAHS严重程度增高而升高(P<0.05).ET-1、ADM变化与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、PSG指数最低SaO2呈负相关,ET-1与ADM 呈正相关.结论 OSAHS患者的血清ET-1、ADM水平反映了夜间睡眠呼吸紊乱所致血管内皮功能异常,可能与OSAHS的发病有一定关系.     

体质量指数对病情分级相同的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的影响

目的 探讨体质量指数(BMI)对病情分级相同的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者的影响.方法 选取267例已行多导睡眠监测的OSAHS患者,按国内通用BMI标准分两组,BMI≥24者为肥胖组(206例),BMI＜24者为正常组(61名).按AHI及夜间最低SaO2将患者病情分为轻、中、重三级,分别比较相同病情分级的正常与肥胖两组患者睡眠结构、呼吸紊乱、临床症状及合并症的情况.结果 病情分级相同的OSAHS患者因BMI不同,睡眠结构、呼吸紊乱程度及合并症差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),肥胖组病情严重程度重于正常组,合并症比例高于正常组,在重度分级中差异显著.结论 肥胖使OSAHS患者的病情严重程度加重,随着OSAHS病情分级的加重,肥胖对于OSAHS的影响也更加明显.     

老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床及睡眠监测特点分析

目的探讨老年人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)临床及睡眠监测特点。方法 237例确诊为OSAHS的患者分为老年组(105例)和中青年组(132例),将两组临床及睡眠监测资料进行对比,应用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析。结果两组体重、BMI、颈围、饮酒率、睡眠呼吸总暂停时间、Ⅰ期睡眠时间占总睡眠时间百分比、Ⅲ期睡眠时间占总睡眠时间百分比、觉醒指数、氧减指数、冠心病发病率比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论老年OSAHS临床症状不典型,肥胖发生率低,容易并发冠心病;睡眠结构紊乱,Ⅰ期睡眠时间延长,Ⅲ期睡眠时间缩短;总睡眠呼吸暂停时间、微觉醒指数、氧减指数均低于中青年OSAHS患者。     

微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测系统(RS611)对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的诊断价值

目的评价微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测系统(RS611)对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的诊断价值。方法 38例OSAHS患者行整夜多导睡眠呼吸监测和微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测系统(RS611)监测。多导睡眠呼吸监测根据标准规则判断睡眠呼吸事件;微动敏感床垫式系统(RS611),根据计算机设计程序自动运算,分析所采集分离出的心动波、呼吸节律、腿动及胸动冲击,计算出呼吸事件频率,睡眠结构和各种睡眠参数,得出睡眠呼吸暂停指数(SRM AHI)。将两种检查所得AHI指数进行统计学分析,比较其相关性、一致性及诊断价值检验。对两个睡眠结构图逐屏进行分析,比较两种检查的觉醒、睡眠一致性;觉醒、NREMS期睡眠、REM期睡眠的一致性。结果平均年龄(46.16±12.29)岁,身体质量指数(28.41±4.57)kg/m2,平均PSG AHI(32.29±20.41)h,平均RS611 AHI(39.23±23.52)h,PSG AHI和RS611 AHI指数间显著相关(r=0.83,P0.001),为评估PAT检测的敏感性和特异性,构建ROC曲线,以AHI的不同阈值(5,15,30),在不同阈值时最佳敏感度和特异度分别是100/75,100/77.8,77.8/100。两种睡眠结构比较,醒-睡一致性为91%,觉醒、NREMS、REMS期睡眠的一致性为68%。结论微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测系统(RS611)是一种精确检测OSAHS的装置,监测简便而准确。     

不同严重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征女性血压影响因素分析

目的:探讨不同严重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)女性患者血压的影响因素。方法:将190例2009至2011年就诊于上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院睡眠中心的女性打鼾患者按睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分成4组:非OSAHS组、轻度OSAHS组、中度OSAHS组和重度OSAHS组,比较这4组患者的一般特征、多导睡眠图(PSG)监测指标及血压的差异,并分析不同OSAHS严重度组血压影响因素。结果:非OSAHS组43例,轻度OSAHS组52例,中度OSAHS组30例,重度OSAHS组65例。随着AHI升高,各组血压值呈升高趋势。各组血压比较,重度OSAHS组收缩压与非OSAHS组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);重度OSAHS组舒张压高于非OSAHS组及轻度OSAHS组(P     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征合并高血压患者的睡眠分析

目的 分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAHS)合并高血压患者的睡眠.方法 将我院收治的OSAHS合并高血压患者作为研究1组,OSAHS血压正常患者作为研究2组,并以单纯鼾症患者作为对照组,应用多导睡眠监测仪对三组患者进行睡眠监测.结果①研究1组、研究2组觉醒时间较对照组明显增多,研究1组浅睡眠较研究2组、对照组明显增多;中度睡眠研究2组、对照组明显减少(P<0.05).② 研究1组呼吸暂停低通气指数、呼吸暂停指数明显高于研究2组(P<0.05).③研究1组呼吸暂停时间占睡眠时间百分比较研究2组升高(P<0.05).④ 研究1组最低血氧饱和度明显高于研究2组(P<0.05).结论 OSAHS合并高血压患者呼吸紊乱较血氧正常患者重,睡眠质量相对较差.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血清miR-223、IL-18水平变化及临床意义

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)血清微小RNA-223(miR-223)、白细胞介素18(IL-18)水平变化及临床意义.方法 选取OSAHS患者80例(OSAHS组),另选取同期健康者46例作为对照组(CON组),根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)对OSAHS患者进行病情程度分级(AHI≤10...     

高血压并发阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血清氧化低密度脂蛋白水平的变化

目的研究高血压并发阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者血清氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)水平变化及其临床意义。方法选取2004年4月至2011年10月322例高血压患者,根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)将患者分为四组:不伴OSAHS的单纯高血压组(对照组,57例),轻度OSAHS合并高血压组(轻度组,86例),中度OSAHS合并高血压组(中度组,97例),重度OSAHS合并高血压组(重度组,81例)。采用ELISA方法测定患者血浆ox-LDL浓度。结果随着血压的增高,AHI在各组间具有显著差异(P<0.05)。此外,随着AHI的升高,患者的血压水平逐渐升高。三组OSAHS患者ox-LDL水平显著高于单纯高血压组(P<0.05),重度组ox-LDL水平显著高于轻度组和中度组(P<0.05)。逐步Logistic回归分析发现,不同组BMI、ox-LDL水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ox-LDL水平与高血压并发OSAHS严重程度相关。     

脉搏传导时间对睡眠呼吸暂停和微觉醒的诊断价值

目的评价脉搏传导时间(PTT)对睡眠呼吸暂停和微觉醒的诊断价值。方法30例有打鼾史拟行睡眠监测患者,同步应用PTT睡眠监测仪和多导睡眠监测仪(PSG)进行整夜睡眠监测,对所记录呼吸事件和微觉醒指数进行比较。结果对24例完整的有效数据进行比较,PTT监测所得AH I、睡眠呼吸事件、微觉醒指数与PSG结果无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论作为诊断睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的简易监测设备,PTT睡眠监测仪可有效判定睡眠呼吸事件和微觉醒。     

不同严重程度的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者呼吸道阻力的变化及临床意义

目的研究不同严重程度的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者呼吸道阻力的变化及临床意义。方法选取96例2015年3月~2017年5月我院收治的OSAHS患者为研究对象,根据OSAHS病情严重程度分为轻度组37例(轻度:AHI:5~15次/h)和中、重度组59例(中度及重度:AHI>15次/h),观察比较两组个人体格特征指数(体重指数、颈围、腹围及呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI))、气道阻抗指标[总呼吸阻抗(Z5)、总气道阻力(R5)、中心气道阻力(R20)、外周(肺及周围小器官)弹性阻力(X5)、50%用力呼气流速(FEF50%)、中段用力呼气流速(MMEF)]及睡眠参数[最低血氧饱和度(LSaO 2)、微觉醒指数(ArI)、呼吸暂停指数(Apnea index,AI)、低通气指数(HI)],并作呼吸阻抗指标与AHI的相关性分析及嗜睡量表(ESS)和ArI与睡眠参数及AHI的相关性分析。结果中、重度组患者体重指数、颈围、腹围及AHI明显高于轻度组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组Z5、R5、R20、FEF50%及MMEF值明显高于轻度组(P<0.05);两组X5值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);轻度组ArI、AI、HI值明显低于中、重度组(P<0.05);轻度组LSaO 2值明显高于中、重度组(P<0.05);AHI与Z5、R5、R20、FEF50%呈正相关,与X5、MMEF无相关性(P>0.05);ESS与ArI、AI、AHI呈正相关,与LSaO 2呈负相关(P<0.05);ArI与AI、AHI呈正相关,与LSaO 2呈负相关(P<0.05);ESS与HI及ArI与HI无相关性(P>0.05)。结论不同严重程度OSAHS患者个人体格特征指数、气道阻抗指标及睡眠参数存在较大差异,OSAHS患者病程进展与气道阻抗指标相关,且ESS与ArI和相关睡眠指数具有相关性。     

老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者临床特点分析

目的 探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者的临床特点、易患因素及睡眠结构特点. 方法选择2006年至2009年在我院睡眠监测中心经多导睡眠监测(PSG)确诊的老年OSAHS患者163例,依呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为轻、中、重度组,按照体质指数(BMI)分为正常体质量组和肥胖组,对老年OSAHS患者的临床特点、睡眠监测指标及睡眠结构进行分析,以同期就诊的190例非老年OSAHS患者为对照组. 结果 (1)OSAHS患者中肥胖人群比例为79.1%,其中非老年组肥胖患者比例为83.6%,老年组为70.3%,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)老年组的中重度患者比例低于非老年组,两组间AHI、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)＜90%的累积时间占总睡眠时间的百分比(%TRTSaO2＜90%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(3)老年患者睡眠结构紊乱程度较非老年组严重,非快动眼睡眠(NREM)Ⅲ+Ⅳ期比例明显减少,呼吸性醒觉反应增加.(4)老年患者临床症状不典型,个体差异明显,并存症多.结论 老年OSAHS患者的病情明显轻于非老年患者,但睡眠结构紊乱明显重于非老年患者.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical and pdysomnographic characteristics and related factors of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in elderly patients. Methods The 163 elderly patients with OSAHS confirmed by polysomnography were classified into obesity group and non-obesity group according to body mass index (BMI). All cases were grouped into mild,moderate and severe groups according to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and night SaO2. The 190non-elderly OSAHS patients were as control group at the same time. The clinical and polysomnographic characteristics were recorded and analyzed. Results (1)The proportion of obesity in OSAHS patients was 79. 1%, there was significant difference between the elderly-obesity group and non-elderly-obesity group (70.3% vs. 83.6%, P＜0.05). (2)The proportions of moderate and severe OSAHS patients were lower in elderly group than in non-elderly group. There were significant differences in AHI, the lowest arterial O2 saturation (LSaO2) and % TRT SaO2 ＜90% between the two groups (all P＜0.05). (3)The sleep architecture disturbance was significantly severer in elderly group than in non-elderly group. The percentages of non-rapid eye movementsleep (NREM sleep)stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ sleep were significantly decreased, and the arousal was significantly increased. (4) The syndrome of OSAHS in elderly group was untypical and the clinical complication was increased.Conclusions The elderly OSAHS patients are less severe than non-elderly group, but the elderly patients have worse sleep architecture disturbance and more complications such as hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.     

Gender and age influence the effects of slow-wave sleep on respiration in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Introduction

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is influenced by sleep architecture with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep having the most adverse influence, especially in women. There is little data defining the influence of slow-wave sleep (SWS) on OSA. We wished to study the influence of SWS on OSA and identify differences attributable to gender and/or age, if any.

Methods

Retrospective study of polysomnography (PSG) records of adult patients referred for diagnostic PSG. Records were excluded if they underwent split night or positive airway pressure titration studies, had <180 min of total sleep time (TST) and/or <40% sleep efficiency, or had SWS <5 min and/or <1% of TST. The apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) recorded during SWS was compared with that measured during other non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and during REM sleep. The REM–SWS difference in AHI was measured, and compared between genders.

Results

Records from 239 patients were included. The mean AHI in all subjects was 17.7?±?22.6. The SWS AHI was 6.8?±?18.9, compared to the REM AHI of 24.9?±?25.8, and NREM AHI of 15.8?±?22.8. Females had significantly higher SWS by percentage, and lower NREM AHI (P?<?0.0001) and SWS AHI (P?=?0.03). Among patients with OSA (AHI ≥5), the difference between REM AHI and SWS AHI was greater in women than in men (34.2?±?27.4 vs. 21.6?±?26.0, P?=?0.006).

Conclusions

The upper airway appears to be less susceptible to OSA during SWS than during REM and other NREM sleep. This may be related to phase-specific influences on both dynamic upper airway control as well as loop gain. Gender and age appear to modify this effect.     

睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的肝损害及相关因素分析

目的:探讨睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(SAHS)患者是否存在肝损害及其可能相关因素。方法:随机选择中、重度SAHS患者134例和健康对照组60例作为研究对象。根据患者体重指数(BMI)分为SAHS肥胖组69例、SAHS非肥胖组65例和对照肥胖组30例、对照非肥胖组30例,观察各组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、甘油三脂(TG)和胆固醇(CHO)水平的变化,肝脏彩超形态学表现,评估非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)的发生率,并对SAHS组血清ALT、AST水平与睡眠监测指标进行相关性分析。结果:SAHS患者血清ALT、AST、GGT、TG和CHO水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05);SAHS组发生NAFLD的几率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。SAHS肥胖组肝损害与非肥胖组无明显差别(均P>0.05)。SAHS组血清ALT和AST水平与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)正相关(r分别为0.601和0.352,均P<0.05),与最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2)(r分别为-0.513和-0.442,均P<0.05)和平均血氧饱和度(MSaO2)(r分别为-0.461和-0.305,均P<0.05)负相关。多元线性回归显示,SAHS组血清ALT水平与患者AHI和LSaO2呈线性回归关系(P<0.01)。结论:SAHS患者确实存在肝损害,发生NAFLD的几率明显增高,肝酶水平与患者AHI、LSaO2密切相关,慢性间歇性低氧可能是造成肝损害的独立相关因素。     

柏林问卷在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征筛查中的应用价值

目的 评价柏林问卷对OSAHS的筛查价值.方法以疑诊为OSAHS的患者为研究对象,进行柏林问卷调查及多导睡眠(polysomnogram,PSG)监测.根据柏林问卷结果将患者分为OSAHS高危组和低危组,根据PSG监测结果将患者分为非OSAHS组及轻、中、重度OSAHS组.比较各组患者的性别、年龄、体重指数、呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index,AHI)及柏林问卷结果的差异.对柏林问卷结果与患者的年龄、呼吸暂停低通气指数、最低经皮血氧饱和度(the lowest SpO2,LSpO2)、微觉醒指数的关系进行相关性分析.将柏林问卷结果和PSG监测结果以四格表计算其敏感度、特异度、假阴性率、假阳性率、阳性似然比、阴性似然比及符合率等,判断其结果的真实性和可靠性.结果 共纳入OSAHS患者302例,其中男226例(74.8%),女76例(25.2%),年龄21～82岁,平均(50±14)岁,平均体重指数(28±5)kg/m2.柏林问卷危险度分级比较,非OSAHS组与轻度、中度及重度OSAHS组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.961,8.466,42.156,均P<0.0083);重度OSAHS组与轻度、中度OSAHS组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.439,11.162,均P<0.0083);轻度与中度OSAHS组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.0083).病情较重者中,柏林问卷提示OSAHS高危与PSG诊断符合率较高(χ2=34.211,P<0.001).柏林问卷结果分级与患者的性别无相关性(P＞0.0083),与年龄、AHI及微觉醒指数正相关(r=0.125,0.346,0.198,均P<0.05),与LSpO2负相关(r=-0.371,P<0.01).柏林问卷筛查OSAHS的敏感度为71%,特异度为72%.结论 柏林问卷对OSAHS的筛查诊断具有一定的意义,柏林问卷评分与病情严重程度呈正相关,柏林问卷诊断重度OSAHS的敏感度较高.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the value of Berlin questionnaire in screening obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) among Chinese. Methods A total of 302 cases with suspected OSAHS were referred to our sleep laboratory. The Berlin questionnaire scores and polysomnography(PSG) monitoring data were analyzed. According to the Berlin questionnaire score, the patients were divided into high and lower risk groups for OSAHS . In terms of the PSG monitoring results, the patients were classified into non-OSAHS, mild, moderate and severe OSAHS groups. The age, gender, apnea hypopnea index(AHI), body mass index, and the Berlin questionnaire(BQ) result were compared among the 4 groups. The correlation of Berlin questionnaire result with age, AHI, the lowest SpO2 (LSpO2) and microarousal index(MAI) were analyzed.Results There were significant differences in the Berlin questionnaire results among non-OSAHS and the other 3 groups(χ2=13.961, 8.466, 42.156,P＜0.0083); and between the severe OSAHS and the other 2 groups(χ2=9.439,11.162,P＜0.0083). There was no statistical difference between the mild and moderate groups(P＞0.0083). The ratio of the high BQ risk patients had an increasing tendency as the severity of OSAHS was increased (χ2=34.211,P<0.01). The Berlin questionnaire results showed a positive correlation with age, AHI or MAI(r=0.125, 0.346,0.198,all P<0.05, respectively) but a negative correlation with LSpO2(r=-0.371, P<0.01). The Berlin questionnaire results showed no correlation with gender (P>0.05). The sensitivity and the specificity of the Berlin questionnaire in predicting sleep apnea were 0.71 and 0.72, respectively.Conclusions With the moderate sensitivity and the specificity, the Berlin questionnaire has some value in screening patients with OSAHS. However, it is not correlated with the severity of OSAHS in Chinese patients. Thus Berlin questionnaire has limited value in the screening of OSAHS among Chinese.     

老年男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血清脂联素水平的变化

目的探讨老年男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)血清脂联素水平的变化。方法选择62例习惯性打鼾老年人行多导睡眠仪监测,根据呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为单纯打鼾组(对照组),OSAS组,以放射免疫法测定血清中脂联素水平。结果OSAS组的血清脂联素水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。而血清脂联素水平在轻度OSAS患者中即有显著降低(P<0.05),在中度和重度OSAS患者中进一步降低(P<0.01)。OSAS各亚组间的比较发现:中、重度组的血清脂联素水平均明显低于轻度OSAS组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析提示OSAS患者血清脂联素水平与AHI、体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、颈围(NC)、反应性胰岛素抵抗的体内稳态模式(HOMA)指数呈负相关,与最低血氧饱和度(mini SpO2)呈正相关。偏相关分析提示血清脂联素水平与AHI呈负相关(r=-0.26,P<0.05),与SpO2呈正相关(r=0.24,P<0.05)。多元逻辑回归分析提示血清脂联素水平与OSAS独立相关。结论老年男性OSAS患者血清中脂联素水平较单纯打鼾者为低。     

Serum adiponectin levels in adult male patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

BACKGROUND: Adiponectin has been found to be associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes, obesity and some cardiovascular diseases, which usually coexist with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). However, an association between adiponectin and OSAHS has rarely been reported. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the levels of serum adiponectin in adult male patients with OSAHS. METHODS: Following polysomnographic examination, 86 adult male habitual snorers were divided into simple snorers (control group) and OSAHS patients (OSAHS group) who were further divided into mild, moderate and severe OSAHS subgroups based on their apnea hypopnea index (AHI). There was no significant difference in age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin resistance expressed as homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) between the two groups. The serum adiponectin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower in the OSAHS group than in the control (p < 0.01). Such a decrease in adiponectin level was most significant in patients with moderate and severe OSAHS. Pearson correlation analysis showed that in OSAHS patients, serum adiponectin level was negatively correlated with BMI, waist (WC) and neck (NC) circumferences, AHI and HOMA, but positively correlated with nadir pulse oxyhemoglobin saturation (nadir SpO2). After controlling for HOMA, BMI, NC and WC in OSAHS patients, a partial correlation analysis showed that adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with AHI but positively correlated with nadir SpO2. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that adiponectin was independently associated with OSAHS. CONCLUSIONS: Serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower in OSAHS patients than in simple snorers. OSAHS may cause a decrease in serum adiponectin level.     

血清PTX-3、PGRN与合并OSAHS的高血压病患者血压变异性的关系

目的探讨血清正五聚蛋白3(PTX-3)、颗粒蛋白前体(PGRN)与合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的高血压病患者血压变异性的关系。方法选取241例高血压病合并OSAHS患者,根据呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI),将患者分成轻度组(n=136)、中度组(n=45)和重度组(n=60)。比较三组患者血清指标和血压变异性的差异,应用Pearson分析血清PTX-3和PGRN水平与血压变异性的相关性,线性回归分析血压变异的危险因素。结果合并不同程度OSAHS患者夜间血压变异性各指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者血清PTX-3和PGRN水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清PTX-3与夜间收缩压标准差(nSSD)(r=0.484,P<0.001)和夜间舒张压标准差(nDSD)呈正相关(r=0.349,P<0.001);血清PGRN与nSSD(r=0.361,P<0.001)和nDSD呈正相关(r=0.301,P<0.001)。PTX-3和PGRN增加是nSSD、nDSD升高的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清PTX-3和PGRN与高血压病合并OSAHS患者夜间血压变异性呈正相关,并且二者表达升高是夜间血压变异增加的危险因素。