高强度聚焦超声热疗治疗31例胰腺癌的临床分析

目的探讨高强聚焦超声（HIFU）热疗对胰腺癌患者的疗效、安全性及对几种肿瘤标志物的影响。方法31例胰腺癌患者平均每例患者行7.2次HIFU治疗，对其进行疗效评价，观察患者的临床受益反应（CBR）、肿瘤客观评价、化学免疫分析法检测CA19—9、CA242和CEA浓度。结果31例胰腺癌患者中共20例临床受益，CBR牢达64．51％。治疗前-后CA19-9、CA242、CEA浓度差异具有统计学意义。在治疗过程中无明显副作用。结论高强聚焦超声热疗能控制肿瘤进展、改善生活质量、对肿瘤标志CA19-9、CA242、CEA有有明显下调作用，无明显不良反应。     

血清肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标联合检测在胰腺癌肝转移诊断中的价值

目的探讨肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标联合检测在胰腺癌肝转移早期诊断中的临床价值。方法选取125例胰腺癌患者,其中肝转移58例,无肝转移67例。检测患者血清肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标水平,并对结果进行分析。结果胰腺癌肝转移者血清中癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原19-9（CA19-9）、糖类抗原242（CA242）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平显著高于无肝转移者（P〈0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示CEA、CA19-9、CA242与LDH诊断肝转移的最佳上限为6.0μg/L、842 U/m l、64.48 U/L与220 U/L。CEA和LDH单独检测肝转移的敏感性为64.2%和51.9%,特异性为71.4%和74.2%。而CEA与LDH联合检测的敏感性和特异性为77.6%和93.5%。结论肿瘤标志物和肝功能指标联合检测特异性高,有助于胰腺癌肝转移的早期诊断。     

Comparison of tumor marker CA 242 with CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in pancreatic cancer

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although there are a variety of tumor markers used for diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma, the sensitivity and specificity of those markers have not yet reached an ideal level. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of CA 242 with CA 19-9 and CEA in the patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODOLOGY: Serum CA 242, CA 19-9 and CEA levels were determined in 135 subjects in the following groups: Pancreatic cancer (n = 40), cholangiocellular carcinoma (n = 15), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 10), cirrhosis (n = 7), chronic active hepatitis (n = 7), choledochal stone (n = 12), chronic pancreatitis (n = 9), acute pancreatitis (n = 6), and healthy controls (n = 29). RESULTS: An elevated serum CA 242 concentration (> 20 U/mL) was found in 30 out of 40 (70%) (mean; 2163 +/- 838 U/mL) patients with pancreas cancer, in 11 out of 15 patients with cholangiocellular carcinoma (93.3%) (mean 916 +/- 529 U/mL), in none of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and healthy controls. Slightly elevated CA 242 concentration was found in 6 out of 41 patients with benign hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease (range 0.4-97.8 U/mL) (1 acute pancreatitis, 2 chronic pancreatitis, 1 cirrhosis, 2 choledochal stone). Mean serum CA 242, CA 19-9 and CEA levels of the pancreas cancer group were significantly higher than those of the other groups except the cholangiocellular carcinoma group. There was no significant difference between the stage of pancreas cancer regarding mean serum CA 242, CA 19-9 and CEA level. There was positive correlation between serum CA 242 and CA 19-9 level. In the pancreas cancer, the sensitivity of CA 242, CA 19-9 and CEA was 75%, 80%, 40%, respectively and the specificity of those markers was 85.5%, 67.5% and 73%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the advantage of CA 242 compared to CA 19-9 is that its specificity is higher than that of CA 19-9 in the diagnosis of pancreas cancer.     

Novel serum tumor marker, RCASl, in pancreatic diseases

AIM: As tumor markers for pancreatic carcinoma, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 have been used, but the sensitivity and specificity are not enough for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. METHODS: A novel serum tumor marker, RCAS1, was compared with two conventional serum tumor markers, CEA (highly specific for pancreatic cancer) and CA 19-9 (highly sensitive for pancreatic cancer), in 48 patients with pancreatic exocrine tumors. RESULTS: When the diagnosis of benign or malignant conditions was examined by one tumor marker, the sensitivity of RCAS1 alone (55%) was higher than that of CEA alone (27%) and the specificity of RCAS1 alone (92%) was greater than that of CA19-9 alone (78%). When examined by a combination of two markers, the sensitivity of a combination of RCAS1 and CA19-9 (95%) was superior to those of CA19-9 alone (78%), RCAS1 alone (55%, P = 0.002), CEA alone (27%) (P<0.001), RCAS1 and CEA (59%) and CA19-9 and CEA (82%). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the combination of RCAS1 and CA19-9 is highly sensitive for pancreatic carcinoma.     

Novel serum tumor marker, RCAS1, in pancreatic diseases

AIM: As tumor markers for pancreatic carcinoma, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 have been used, but the sensitivity and specificity are not enough for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. METHODS: A novel serum tumor marker, RCAS1, was compared with two conventional serum tumor markers, CEA (highly specific for pancreatic cancer) and CA 19-9 (highly sensitive for pancreatic cancer), in 48 patients with pancreatic exocrine tumors. RESULTS: When the diagnosis of benign or malignant conditions was examined by one tumor marker, the sensitivity of RCAS1 alone (55%) was higher than that of CEA alone (27%) and the specificity of RCAS1 alone (92%) was greater than that of CA19-9 alone (78%). When examined by a combination of two markers, the sensitivity of a combination of RCAS1 and CA19-9 (95%) was superior to those of CA19-9 alone (78%), RCAS1 alone (55%, P = 0.002), CEA alone (27%) (P<0.001), RCAS1 and CEA (59%) and CA19-9 and CEA (82%). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the combination of RCAS1 and CA19-9 is highly sensitive for pancreatic carcinoma.     

胰腺癌患者血清中巨噬细胞因子-1、糖链抗原19-9、糖链抗原242及癌胚抗原的检测分析

目的 探讨血清巨噬细胞因子-1（MIC-1）、糖链抗原（CA）19-9 、CA242及癌胚抗原（CEA）在胰腺癌中的应用价值.方法 分析129例胰腺癌患者和120例健康体检者4项肿瘤标志物的检测结果,计算各肿瘤标志物组合方式对提高胰腺癌诊断的作用.结果 胰腺癌患者血清中各项肿瘤标志物的水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.MIC-1＋CA19-9组合的敏感性与单项检测敏感性最高的MIC-1比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;MIC-1＋CA19-9组合的特异性与单项检测特异性最高的CA19-9比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.Ⅲ~Ⅳ期胰腺癌患者血清CA19-9、CA242水平与Ⅰ~Ⅱ期比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 4项肿瘤标志物的检测对胰腺癌的诊断均有一定的价值,MIC-1＋CA19-9联合检测可提高诊断的敏感性,同时未降低其特异性.CA19-9、CA242对判断胰腺癌的预后有一定价值.     

Diagnostic value of serum CA242, CA 19-9, CA 15-3 and CA 125 in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder.

BACKGROUND: Tumor markers have an increasing significance in the diagnosis and evaluation of tumor, but their role in gallbladder cancer has not been established. The present study was undertaken to determine the utility of serological markers in carcinoma of the gallbladder (CaGB). METHODS: This study was carried out in 55 cases and 8 healthy controls presenting to a single surgical unit of the University Hospital, Varanasi, India. CA242, CA19-9, CA15-3 and CA125 were assayed preoperatively in serum of patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder (39), cholelithiasis (16) and healthy controls (8) using ELISA technique. RESULTS: Mean concentration of all tumor markers was significantly raised in carcinoma of the gallbladder when compared with cholelithiasis. CA 242 was 12.10 vs 42.19 u/ ml, CA19-9 was 211.27 vs 86.06 uml, CA 15-3 was 71.42 vs 1.93u/ml and CA125 was 253.61 vs 65.5 u/ml <0.05). Sensitivity and specificity were calculated at various cut off points. Significant changes in CAl9-9 and CA242 occurred with advanced stage (p <0.05) and grade of tumor (p<0.00 1). When two tumor markers were combined, like CA242 and CA125, sensitivity and specificity improved to 87.5% and 85.7% respectively. Diagnostic accuracy is highest with a combination of CA 19-9 and CA 125 (80.65%). However, combination of tumor markers did not improve any further sensitivity or specificity of markers. CONCLUSION: Assay of CA242, CA15-3, CA19-9 and CA 125 are fairly good markers for discriminating patients of carcinoma of the gallbladder from cholelithiasis. CA242 and CA125 when used together achieved best sensitivity and specificity. Serum markers seem to be less sensitive when used individually in carcinoma of the gallbladder but may prove useful in combination.     

胰腺癌患者血浆k-ras基因与肿瘤标志物联合检测及其意义

目的 :了解胰腺癌患者血浆中肿瘤标志物水平和k ras基因突变情况 ,评价基因突变与肿瘤标志物联合检测对胰腺癌患者的诊断价值。方法 :收集经手术或病理确诊为胰腺恶性疾病患者 2 1例 ,ELISA检测血浆CA19 9、CA2 42、CA5 0、CEA水平 ,PCR RFLP检测k ras基因突变 ,并与 11例胰腺良性疾病患者对照。结果 :胰腺癌患者血浆中k ras基因突变率 73.7%,胰腺良性疾病k ras基因无突变。k ras基因突变检测的敏感性与特异性分别为 6 1.9%和10 0 %,血浆k ras、CA19 9、CA2 42联合检测的敏感性和特异性分别为 85 .7%和 71.9%。结论 :联合检测血浆中k ras基因与肿瘤标志物可提高胰腺癌诊断的敏感性 ,对胰腺癌筛查、诊断与鉴别诊断有一定的临床意义。     

肿瘤标志物、K-ras和p53突变对胰腺癌诊断的价值

目的评价血清肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA242、CA50、癌胚抗原和粪便K-ras以及p53基因突变对胰腺癌诊断的价值。方法收集2002年2月至2004年3月在北京协和医院、中国医学科学院肿瘤医院和沈阳军区总医院确诊的新发胰腺癌患者136例,良性消化系统疾病患者240例,进行血清肿瘤标志物和粪便K-ras、p53基因突变的检测。根据结果绘制不同检测方法的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算ROC曲线下面积,并确定最佳阳性分界值。结果血清CA19-9和CA242的ROC曲线下面积分别为0·855±0·031(95%可信区间0·794~0·916)和0·859±0·031(95%可信区间0·799~0·920),最佳阳性分界值分别为68U/ml和25U/ml,其诊断胰腺癌的敏感性分别为84·4%(98/116)和88·4%(84/95),特异性分别为84·3%(145/172)和79·1%(144/182)。粪便K-ras和p53基因突变诊断胰腺癌的敏感性分别为77·8%和27·8%,特异性分别为82·2%和95·2%。将粪便K-ras和p53基因突变与血清CA19-9和CA242测定相结合计算胰腺癌诊断评分,绘制有序分类资料的ROC曲线,其曲线下面积为0·946±0·017(95%可信区间0·912~0·980),最佳阳性分界值为2分。结论血清CA19-9及CA242对胰腺癌诊断具有相似价值;联合粪便K-ras及p53突变的检测,通过胰腺癌可能性积分,可以显著提高胰腺癌的诊断效率。     

Evaluation of Serum Pancreatic Enzymes, Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9, and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Various Pancreatic Diseases

Comparative studies of pancreatic enzymes carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were performed in various pancreatic disease. In acute pancreatitis as well as during acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, all pancreatic enzymes were abnormally high. In chronic pancreatitis, they did not have any diagnostic sensitivity for pancreatic insufficiency. In pancreatic carcinoma, serum elastase levels may have a diagnostic value compared with other pancreatic enzymes. In studies of CEA and CA 19-9, both tumor markers were within normal range in benign pancreatitis but 27.7% of CEA and 30.7% of CA 19-9 in acute pancreatitis were above normal. In pancreatic carcinoma, although most of these patients had advanced disease, both tumor markers were extremely high and 61% for CEA and 71% for CA 19-9 were above normal. In patients with resected pancreatic carcinoma, serum CEA was slightly higher than normal CA 19-9 was much higher than normal. The sensitivity of CEA and CA 19-9 in this group were 33 and 77.7%, respectively. The results indicate that the CA 19-9 assay is a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma, possibly in the resectable stage especially combined measurement of serum elastase and CEA.