rhIL-1α、1,25-(OH)_2D_3对人牙周膜成纤维细胞表达RANKL和OPG的影响研究

目的研究rh IL-1α、1,25-(OH)2D3对人牙周膜成纤维细胞表达RANKL和OPG的影响。方法将人牙周膜成纤维细胞分别放在含有纯培养液、含rh IL-1α培养液、含1,25-(OH)2D3培养液和含有rh IL-1α、1,25-(OH)2D3联合培养基中培养,并分别标记为D组、A组、B组和C组,培养48 h后,用荧光定量RT-PCR技术检验。结果 A组培养基中细胞表达RANKL和OPG均有上升,且RANKL/OPG比值也增加;B组培养基中细胞表达RANKL上升,但OPG下降,RANKL/OPG比值下降;C组培养基中RANKL上升,但对RANKL/OPG无明显影响。结论 rh IL-1α、1,25-(OH)2D3对人牙周膜成纤维细胞表达RANKL和OPG有较大影响,且rh IL-1α、1,25-(OH)2D3联合使用时对RANKL起到了协同作用。值得临床进一步探究。     

1,25-二羟基维生素D_3抑制K562细胞增殖及其机制

目的观察1,25二-羟基维生素D3〔1,25(OH)2D3〕对白血病细胞株K562增殖的影响并初步探讨其作用机制。方法间接免疫荧光法鉴定维生素D受体(VDR)在K562细胞的表达;四噻唑蓝法(MTT)、AO/EB、流式细胞PI单染分析细胞生长抑制率、细胞凋亡率及细胞周期;比色法检测凋亡信号蛋白———天冬酰胺特异酶切的半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)活性。结果①K562细胞核阳性表达VDR;②10-8mol.L-11,25(OH)2D3可明显抑制K562细胞增殖,促进凋亡,凋亡率从4.1%(对照组)增至26.5%,P<0.01;③1,25(OH)2D3作用后K562细胞的Caspase-3活性增加,P<0.05,提示细胞凋亡伴随着Caspaes-3活性升高。结论1,25(OH)2D3可明显抑制K562细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,其作用机制与Caspase-3活性增加相关。     

珠子参提取物促进大鼠成骨细胞增殖、分化、矿化及调节OPG/RANKL表达的作用

目的探讨珠子参对原代大鼠成骨细胞增殖、分化、矿化及对骨保护蛋白(OPG)和核因子-κβ受体活化因子配体(RANKL)表达的影响。方法离体培养大鼠原代成骨细胞;采用MTT法、Ed U染色法、测定碱性磷酸酶法、矿化结节染色法考察不同浓度珠子参提取物对成骨细胞活力、增殖、分化和矿化等作用的影响;采用Real time PCR法和Western blot法检测珠子参提取物对成骨细胞OPG及RANKL mRNA和蛋白表达的调节作用。结果珠子参提取物浓度在500μg·mL~(-1)时可提高成骨细胞活力;在300、400和500μg·mL~(-1)时可显著提高成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化能力,提高OPG mRNA和蛋白的表达,降低RANKL mRNA和蛋白表达,且呈现剂量依赖性。结论珠子参提取物可在一定浓度范围内提高大鼠成骨细胞的活力、增殖、分化和矿化,同时可调节OPG/RANKL表达,这可能是其防治骨质疏松症的作用机制。     

Sema4D介导的IRS-1信号通路在抑制成骨细胞分化中的作用机制研究

目的 通过siRNA干扰技术沉默轴突导向因子4D (Sema4D)基因,探讨Sema4D基因对成骨细胞分化的影响.方法 采用RT-PCR、细胞免疫荧光法和Western blot测定Sema4D基因表达情况,分析沉默效率;采用ALP染色、VonKossa染色及ALP活性观测成骨细胞分化.结果 siRNA干扰技术下调了Sema4D的表达,成功构建了Sema4D基因沉默体系;Sema4D siRNA中成骨细胞的分化明显增强,出现了一定程度的钙化.结论 沉默Sema4D基因与成骨细胞的分化有关.     

肠道组织中维生素D受体作用的研究进展

维生素D受体(vitamin Dreceptor,VDR)属于类固醇类激素。维生素D主要活性产物1,25-(OH)2D3和次级胆汁酸LCA等与VDR结合,对肠道组织中细胞色素P450酶CYP3A4和肠道转运体p-糖蛋白的表达及活性进行调节,发挥其重要的生物学作用。     

1,25二羟维生素D_3对卵巢癌细胞株HO8910增殖及Skp_2/p27蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察1,25二羟维生素D3[1,25(OH)2D3]对人卵巢癌细胞株HO8910增殖的影响,并且检测其作用下S期激酶相关蛋白(Skp2)、抑癌基因p27的蛋白表达情况,以探讨其作用机制。方法:选用人卵巢癌细胞株HO8910进行体外培养,用MTT比色法测定不同浓度D3[1,25(OH)2D3]对细胞株作用不同时间后细胞生长抑制率,流式细胞仪进行细胞周期分析,免疫细胞化学染色检测Skp2及p27蛋白表达情况。结果:1,25(OH)2D3在160×10-9mol/L以上时,对细胞有抑制作用(P<0.05),且呈浓度时间依赖性;1,25(OH)2D3能增加G0/G1期细胞比例,降低S、G2/M期细胞比例,从而降低细胞增殖指数(P<0.01);能降低Skp2表达,增加p27蛋白表达(P<0.01)。结论:1,25(OH)2D3对人卵巢癌细胞株HO8910有抑制作用,可能通过下调Skp2表达、上调p27蛋白表达,从而抑制癌细胞增殖。     

β雌激素受体介导脱氢表雄酮对OPG/RANKL的升调节

目的探讨β雌激素受体(ERβ)介导脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)对成骨细胞骨保护素/细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配体(OPG/RANKL)的调节作用。方法构建ERβ沉默表达(pLVTHM-GFP/ERβ-shRNA)和ERβ高表达(pWPT-ERβ)重组质粒,并转染人成骨细胞系hMG63,使hMG63的ERβ沉默表达(hMG63-shERβ)和高表达(hMG63-ERβ)。有或无U0126(丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号途径中特异抑制分子)作用后,给予生理浓度(10-7mol.L-1)的DHEA作用24、48和72 h,ELISA和Western blot法分别检测hMG63培养上清中OPG和细胞中RANKL蛋白表达;Western blot法检测丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号途径中pERK1/2、JNK和p38分子的表达。结果给予DHEA作用48和72 h后,hMG63分泌的OPG明显增高(P<0.01),而RANKL表达无明显变化;与hMG63细胞相比较,在DHEA作用下hMG63-shERβ和hMG63-ERβ组的ERα表达无明显改变;而hMG63-ERβ细胞中ERβ表达增高,伴随着pERK1/2和OPG的升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);相反,hMG63-shERβ组ERβ表达减少并伴随pERK1/2和OPG分泌的降低(P<0.05)。另外,DHEA对pERK1/2和OPG的升调节可部分被U0126阻断。结论 ERβ可能通过激活pERK1/2-MAPK途径介导了DHEA对成骨细胞OPG/RANKL的调节。     

α-玉米赤霉醇对成骨细胞增殖、分化以及OPG和RANKL mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨α-玉米赤霉醇(α-zearalanol,α-ZAL)对小鼠成骨样细胞MC3T3-E1增殖、分化及护骨素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)和NF-кB受体活化配体(receptor activator of nuclear factor-кB ligand,RANKL)mRNA表达的影响。方法:传代培养小鼠成骨样细胞株MC3T3-E1,采用不同浓度的α-ZAL作用于细胞72 h后,MTT法检测细胞增殖活性,PNPP法检测碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性,RT-PCR法检测ALP,OPG及RANKL mRNA的表达水平。结果:10-6～10-12mol·L-1的α-ZAL可显著抑制成骨细胞的增殖(P<0.05);显著增加ALP活性(P<0.05),但不同剂量间存在作用时间差异;并且可显著上调成骨细胞内OPG/RANKL mRNA的比值(P<0.05)。结论:α-ZAL可抑制成骨细胞的增殖、促进其分化,并可通过上调OPG/RANKL mRNA表达比值抑制破骨细胞的形成,有望作为骨质疏松症的治疗药物。     

1,25-(OH)2D3对胰腺癌细胞诱导分化的研究

目的研究1,25-(OH)2D3对胰腺癌细胞的诱导分化作用。方法经1,25-(OH)2D3处理人胰腺癌细胞株Bxpc-3,采用电镜观察形态学;流式细胞仪测定细胞周期动力学;免疫组化法检测p21、DPC-4/Smad4蛋白的表达。结果10-7mol/L1,25-(OH)2D3能使Bxpc-3细胞形态发生变化,细胞周期时相分布出现G0/G1期阻滞,细胞周期有关蛋白p21及DPC-4/Smad4蛋白表达上调。结论10-7mol/L1,25-(OH)2D3具有明显诱导胰腺癌细胞良性分化的作用。     

维生素D受体基因FokⅠ位点多态性与汉、维及哈族儿童铅中毒遗传易感性研究

维生素D受体(Vitamin D receptor, VDR)是一种配体依赖的调控细胞内基因的核转录因子,通过介导1,25(OH)2D3发挥生物效应.     

1,25-二羟维生素D3对子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞增殖与S期激酶相关蛋白及抑癌基因p27表达的影响

目的 观察1,25-二羟维生素D3对人子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞增殖及S期激酶相关蛋白（Skp2）基因、抑癌基因p27表达的影响,探讨其抗癌机制.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测人子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞表达维生素D受体（VDR） 选用人子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞进行体外培养,用CCK-8法测定不同浓度1,25-二羟维生素D3作用细胞后不同时间后细胞生长抑制率,流式细胞仪进行细胞周期分析,采用荧光实时定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）及蛋白质印迹法检测Skp2/p27基因表达的变化.结果 人子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞表达VDR,且定位于细胞核内 1×（10-8～10-6）mol/L浓度的1,25-二羟维生素D3作用于HEC-1-A细胞1～5 d范围内各不同浓度处理组细胞生长增殖均受到明显抑制,并且随着作用浓度增加,细胞增殖能力逐渐下降 1,25-二羟维生素D3能增加G0/G1期细胞比例,降低S、G2/M期细胞比例,从而降低细胞增殖指数（P＜0.01） 在mRNA、蛋白质水平上,能降低Skp2表达,而p27mRNA减少,p27蛋白表达明显增加.结论 1,25-二羟维生素D3对人子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞有抑制作用,可能是通过转录水平下调Skp2基因表达,同时由于Skp2的减少增加p27蛋白稳定性,减少其降解,从而产生抑癌作用.     

1，25二羟维生素 D3诱导喉癌细胞 Hep-2细胞凋亡及其对Bax／Bcl-2蛋白表达水平的影响

目的：研究1,25二羟维生素 D3抑制人喉癌 Hep-2细胞增殖作用,诱导细胞凋亡及其凋亡相关机制。方法用不同剂量（10－8、10－7、10－6 mol／L）1,25二羟维生素 D3处理 Hep-2细胞24 h、48 h、72 h,四甲基偶氮唑蓝法（MTT）检测 Hep-2细胞的增殖情况,计算抑制率。流式细胞术检测 Hep-2细胞的凋亡率。Western blot 检测用药前后细胞中 Bax 和 Bcl-2蛋白的表达水平。结果1,25二羟维生素 D3可以抑制 Hep-2细胞增殖（P ＜0．05）,最高抑制率可达30．71％,在上述浓度内随着浓度增加、时间延长抑制作用逐渐增强,呈时间－剂量依赖性。10－7、10－6 mol／L 1,25二羟维生素 D3作用48 h 后,Hep-2凋亡细胞比例显著增加,凋亡率高于空白对照组（P ＜0．05）。1,25二羟维生素 D3处理48 h 后,Hep-2细胞 Bax 蛋白表达上升,Bcl-2蛋白表达水平下降。结论在一定浓度范围内1,25二羟维生素 D3能够抑制人喉癌 Hep-2细胞的增殖,呈时间－剂量依赖性,其抑制作用与诱导细胞凋亡有关;1,25二羟维生素 D3可通过上调 Bax 蛋白表达、下调 Bcl-2蛋白表达诱导 Hep-2细胞凋亡。     

Preventive effects of 1,25-（OH）2VD3 against ConAinduced mouse hepatitis through promoting vitamin D receptor gene expression

Aim:

To investigate the immunosuppressive effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25-(OH)₂VD₃) on concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis and elucidate the action mechanism.

Methods:

Female BALB/C mice were intravenously administered ConA (20 mg/kg) to induce acute immunological liver injury. Liver damage was evaluated in respect to serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level and liver histological changes. The proliferation of splenocytes was measured by using [³H]-thymidine incorporation. The cytokine level in the cultured splenocyte supernatant was determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The percentage of different splenic T cell subtypes was analyzed by using flow cytometry. The expression of splenic vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA and protein was detected by using real-time qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.

Results:

1,25-(OH)₂VD₃ (2.5 μg/kg, ip) significantly decreased the serum ALT levels and markedly attenuated the histological liver damage. The beneficial effect of 1,25-(OH)₂VD₃ was associated with: (i) inhibition of CD4⁺ T cell activation; (ii) reduction of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and elevation of both IL-4 and IL-5 in supernatants of cultured splenocytes; and (iii) elimination of activated T cells by increasing VDR mRNA and protein expression in the spleen.

Conclusion:

1,25-(OH)₂VD₃ had a significant protective effect against ConA-induced hepatitis, and its mechanism of action was associated with down-regulation of T cell-mediated immunity and up-regulation of VDR gene expression.     

1,25(OH)2D3对肺炎链球菌感染的肺泡上皮细胞功能的影响

目的观察1,25-双羟维生素D3(1,25(OH)2D3)通过miR-124-3p调控磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白质丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶(PI3K/AKT)通路对肺炎链球菌(SP)感染的肺泡上皮细胞功能的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法体外培养肺泡上皮细胞A549,肺炎链球菌刺激后,随机分为10,20,40,80,160 ng·mL^-11,25(OH)2D3组、Control组、1,25(OH)2D3组、1,25(OH)2D3+anti-miR-NC组、1,25(OH)2D3+anti-miR-124-3p组和1,25(OH)2D3+anti-miR-124-3p+LY294002组。以细胞计数(CCK-8)法试剂盒法、流式细胞仪检测各组细胞增殖、凋亡,以蛋白质印迹(WB)法检测细胞周期蛋白D1(CyclinD1)、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)、PI3K/AKT通路的相关蛋白表达,以反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测miR-124-3p的表达。结果10,20,40,80,160 ng·mL^-11,25(OH)2D3处理A549细胞72 h,细胞活力分别为(83.20±1.92)%,(75.73±3.70)%,(64.40±5.10)%,(47.13±3.56)%,(33.93±5.27)%;细胞凋亡率分别为(8.14±0.96)%,(12.26±1.00)%,(14.37±0.88)%,(16.44±0.96)%,(18.12±1.15)%,最终选择160 ng·mL^-11,25(OH)2D3进行后续实验。Control组、1,25(OH)2D3组、1,25(OH)2D3+anti-miR-NC和1,25(OH)2D3+anti-miR-124-3p组的miR-124-3p相对表达量为1.00±0.11,1.69±0.05,1.71±0.13,1.12±0.09,细胞活力分别为(100.00±9.67)%,(34.83±2.44)%,(37.70±1.50)%,(68.80±2.45)%,细胞凋亡率分别为(7.20±0.85)%,(18.59±0.82)%,(19.06±0.60)%,(13.44±2.15)%。与Control组对比,其他组miR-124-3p、细胞活力和细胞凋亡率均有统计学意义,CyclinD1、Bcl-2、p-PI3K、p-AKT蛋白表达降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Control组、1,25(OH)2D3组、1,25(OH)2D3+anti-miR-124-3p组和1,25(OH)2D3+anti-miR-124-3p+LY294002的细胞活力分别为(100.00±9.64)%,(40.13±7.13)%,(74.40±6.54)%,(42.93±1.82)%,细胞凋亡率分别为(5.51±1.11)%,(15.90±0.24)%,(9.35±0.86)%,(14.24±0.84)%,与Control组相比,1,25(OH)2D3对肺泡上皮细胞A549的增殖、凋亡及CyclinD1、Bcl-2、p-PI3K、p-AKT蛋白表达的作用,以及抑制下游PI3K/AKT通路的作用,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论1,25(OH)2D3通过抑制miR-124-3p负向调控PI3K/AKT通路,促进肺泡上皮细胞的增殖,并诱导凋亡。     

Vitamin D3 derivatives with adamantane or lactone ring side chains are cell type-selective vitamin D receptor modulators

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the biological actions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)], the active form of vitamin D, which regulates calcium homeostasis, immunity, cellular differentiation, and other physiological processes. We investigated the effects of three 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) derivatives on VDR function. AD47 has an adamantane ring and LAC67a and LAC67b have lactone ring substituents at the side chain position. These vitamin D derivatives bind to VDR but do not stabilize an active cofactor conformation. In a VDR transfection assay, AD47 and LAC67b act as partial agonists and all three compounds inhibit VDR activation by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). The derivatives enhanced the heterodimerization of VDR with the retinoid X receptor, an effect unrelated to agonist/antagonist activity. AD47 and LAC67b weakly induced recruitment of the SRC-1 cofactor to VDR, and all three derivatives inhibited the recruitment of p160 family cofactors to VDR induced by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). It is noteworthy that AD47 induced DRIP205 recruitment as effectively as 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), whereas LAC67a and LAC67b were not effective. We examined the expression of endogenous VDR target genes and the nuclear protein levels of VDR and cofactors in several cell lines, including cells derived from intestine, bone, and monocytes, and found that the vitamin D(3) derivatives act as cell type-selective VDR modulators. The data indicate that side chain modification is useful in the development of VDR antagonists and tissue-selective modulators. Further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of action of selective VDR modulators will be essential for their clinical application.     

活性维生素D_3 顺铂对卵巢癌HO-8910细胞株的凋亡研究

目的观察1,25(OH)2维生素D3单独及其与顺铂合用对人卵巢癌细胞株凋亡的影响及Bax蛋白的表达情况。方法四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞抑制率,流式细胞术测定细胞周期及凋亡率,免疫组织化学法检测Bax蛋白表达情况。结果1,25(OH)2维生素3、顺铂均可抑制HO-8910细胞的生长(P<0.01)、均可阻滞细胞于G0/G1期并诱导HO-8910细胞凋亡(P<0.01),当两者合用时上述作用加强,凋亡率明显上升(P<0.01),两者均可上调Bax蛋白表达(P<0.01),两者合用时Bax蛋白表达增强(P<0.01)。结论1,25(OH)2维生素D3与顺铂合用能协同抑制HO-8910细胞的生长并进一步诱导其凋亡。     

Comparative effects of 1α‐hydroxyvitamin D3 and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 on transporters and enzymes in fxr(+/+) and fxr(‐/‐) mice

Previous studies have shown that 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D₃ [1,25(OH)₂D₃] treatment in mice resulted in induction of intestinal and renal Cyp24a1 and Trpv6 expression, increased hepatic Cyp7a1 expression and activity, as well as higher renal Mdr1/P‐gp expression. The present study compared the equimolar efficacies of 1α‐hydroxyvitamin D₃ [1α(OH)D₃] (6 nmol/kg i.p. q2d × 4), a lipophilic precursor with a longer plasma half‐life that is converted to 1,25(OH)₂D₃, and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ on vitamin D receptor (VDR) target genes. To clarify whether changes in VDR genes was due to VDR and not secondary, farnesoid X receptor (FXR)‐directed effects, namely, lower Cyp7a1 expression in rat liver due to increased bile acid absorption, wildtype [fxr(+/+)] and FXR knockout [fxr(‐/‐)] mice were used to distinguish between VDR and FXR effects. With the exception that hepatic Sult2a1 mRNA was increased equally well by 1α(OH)D₃ and 1,25(OH)₂D₃, 1α(OH)D₃ treatment led to higher increases in hepatic Cyp7a1, renal Cyp24a1, VDR, Mdr1 and Mrp4, and intestinal Cyp24a1 and Trpv6 mRNA expression in both fxr(+/+) and fxr(‐/‐) mice compared to 1,25(OH)₂D₃ treatment. A similar induction in protein expression and microsomal activity of hepatic Cyp7a1 and renal P‐gp and Mrp4 protein expression was noted for both compounds. A higher intestinal induction of Trpv6 was observed, resulting in greater hypercalcemic effect following 1α(OH)D₃ treatment. The higher activity of 1α(OH)D₃ was explained by its rapid conversion to 1,25(OH)₂D₃ in tissue sites, furnishing higher plasma and tissue 1,25(OH)₂D₃ levels compared to following 1,25(OH)₂D₃‐treatment. In conclusion, 1α(OH)D₃ exerts a greater effect on VDR gene induction than equimolar doses of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ in mice. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.