Prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia in patients with lupus nephritis

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of hyperuricemia in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) in Southern China. Methods A single center retrospective study, 959 adult LN patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven, who admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from 1998.01 to 2010.12 were recruited. Results Among this cohort, the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 57.7%. The prevalence of hyperuricemia for CKD stage 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 was 44.1%, 65.7%, 74.7%, 77.6%, 73.9%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that increased serum triglyceride level and endothelial proliferation (≥50%) were independent risk factors of hyperuricemia in LN patients; Also, increased serum triglyceride level was an independent risk factor of hyperuricemia in LN patients of CKD stage 1-2; Positive dsDNA and positive anticardiolipin antibody were independent risk factors of hyperuricemia in LN patients of CKD stage 3-5. Conclusion The prevalence of hyperuricemia in LN patients from this cohort is 57.7%. Increased level of serum triglyceride is an independent risk factor associated with hyperuricemia in both overall LN patients and those of CKD stages 1-2. Therefore, the present study indicates that metabolic factors may influence each other, and should be paid more attention in the clinical practice of LN care.     

住院患者慢性肾脏病的危险因素分析

目的：回顾性分析慢性肾脏病（CKD）住院患者肾功能进展的危险因素。方法：收集2001年1月1日～2008年12月31日,在我院肾内科首次住院,未接受替代治疗16岁以上CKD患者655例,分析患者的性别、年龄、血压、原发病、肾穿病理、Hb、Alb、PA、UA、Ca2＋、P3-、TC、TG、LDL、HDL及肾功能进展的危险因素。结果：（1）起病较集中在31岁～60岁,占CKD的53.9%。（2）原发性肾小球疾病、糖尿病、高血压（69.5%、8.9%、8.9%）是导致CKD的主要病因。（3）58.2%患者行肾脏穿刺,病理结果以IgA肾病、系膜增生性肾炎、局灶节段性肾小球硬化、微小病变（31.2%、23.6%、11.3%、10.2%）为主。（4）各期患者血尿存在明显统计学差异（P〈0.01）;蛋白尿差异无统计学意义。与CKD1期比较,除PA、TG外,各期SBP、DBP、Hb、Alb、UA、Ca2＋、P3-、TC、LDL、HDL差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。（5）多元相关回归分析显示eGFR与Hb呈正相关（P〈0.05）,与年龄、血压、UA呈负相关（P〈0.05）。多元Logistic回归分析显示年龄、贫血、高尿酸血症、高血压是CKD肾功能进展的危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论：原发性肾小球肾炎、糖尿病、高血压是主要病因。年龄、贫血、高尿酸血症、高血压为CKD进展的危险因素。     

Hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperuricaemia are risk factors for progression of IgA nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is variable and about 10-20% of patients progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in 10 years. Hypertension, proteinuria and renal insufficiency at the time of diagnosis are risk factors associated with poor prognosis. Lipid abnormalities may have a role in the progression of glomerulonephritides, and glomerulosclerosis and atherosclerosis may have similar pathophysiological mechanisms. We therefore evaluated factors associated with cardiovascular diseases, especially hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, and hyperuricaemia, as predictors of the progression of IgAN. METHODS: A total of 223 patients with IgAN (141 men, 82 women; median age 41 years, range 8-78 years) were studied. The following parameters were recorded at the time of renal biopsy: presence of hypertension or diabetes, smoking habits, body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine, total and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and urate and 24-h urinary protein excretion. The patients were followed up for 0.2-17 years (median 10 years) with respect to progression of renal disease defined as elevation of serum creatinine above 125 micromol/l in men or 105 micromol/l in women, and over 20% elevation from baseline. RESULTS: Forty-one patients (18%) showed progression. Hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperuricaemia were significantly more common at the time of renal biopsy in patients with progressive than in those with stable disease. In patients with normal renal function at the time of diagnosis initial hypertriglyceridaemia, hyperuricaemia, hypertension and proteinuria were independent risk factors for progression of IgAN in the Cox regression hazard model. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperuricaemia at the time of diagnosis are important, previously underestimated predictors of poor outcome in IgAN, although causality between these factors and progression cannot be inferred from the present study.     

郑州市城区成年人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 了解郑州市城区成年人慢性肾脏病(CKD)的流行现状.方法 采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样的的方法,抽取郑州市4个社区内20岁及20岁以上常住居民共1855人,进行问卷调查、体格检查、肾脏损伤及相关危险因素检测.结果 在资料完整的1752名居民中,经人口年龄和性别构成比校正后,白蛋白尿、血尿、估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降的患病率分别为5.78%、8.19%和1.58%.男性蛋白尿和血尿的患病率低于女性(4.37%比7.29%,X2=6.252,P=0.012;5.08%比11.51%,X2=24.499,P＜0.01);eGFR下降患病率高于女性(2.26%比0.86%,X2=5.830,P=0.016).按年龄将研究对象分为7个亚组,蛋白尿和eGFR下降患病率随年龄的增加而升高(X2=13.428,P=0.037;X2=17.080,P=0.009).该人群CKD的粗患病率为14.50%,经年龄、性别标化后的患病率为13.57%,女性高于男性(17.83%比9.59%,X2=23.132,P＜0.01). CKD最多见的表现形式是血尿(50.40%)和蛋白尿(31.89%).多因素Logistic回归结果显示,性别、年龄、吸烟、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和高尿酸血症是CKD的危险因素.该人群CKD的知晓率为8.27%,治疗率为7.09%.结论 郑州市成年人群CKD的患病率为13.57%;知晓率为8.27%.CKD的相关危险因素包括性别、年龄、吸烟、肥胖、高血压及糖尿病等.     

Epidemiology of obesity and chronic kidney disease

The obesity epidemic has reached nephrology in the form of increasing numbers of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by obesity-related metabolic disorders, IgA nephropathy, stone disease, and a unique glomerulopathy now known as obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG). Obesity has been identified as an independent risk factor for CKD, and patients with central adiposity or high waist-to-hip ratios appear to have the highest risk. The metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for albuminuria and CKD, and studies now show that the risk of CKD increases with increased numbers of components of the metabolic syndrome. Obesity is not just a bystander or accelerator of other kidney diseases, but has unique histopathologic characteristics that can cause progressive kidney disease. ORG may accompany and worsen IgA nephropathy, urate nephropathy, and possibly even diabetic nephropathy. The origins of obesity-related kidney disease can be traced to insufficient glomerular complement from birth, and low birth weight may be an important precursor to obesity and its many comorbidities. Intervention strategies may need to target prenatal care through the elderly to combat this problematic epidemic.     

IgA肾病患者高血压的相关因素分析

目的探讨IgA肾病患者高血压的相关因素。方法经肾脏活体组织检查确诊的IgA肾病患者120例,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析IgA肾病患者高血压发生的相关因素。结果120例IgA肾病患者中伴有高血压患者39例（占32．5％）。单因素分析发现,24h尿蛋白定量≥2．0g、尿素氮（BUN）≥8mmol／L、血肌酐（SCr）≥133μmol／L、肾小球率过滤（GFR）〈60ml·min^-1·（1．73m^2）^-1、高尿酸血症、贫血、肾小球慢性病变指数≥4分、肾间质炎症细胞侵润〉25％、肾小管萎缩和问质纤维化〉25％、肾小动脉管壁增厚、Lee分级Ⅳ～Ⅴ级与IgA肾病患者高血压相关。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,蛋白尿程度、GFR水平为IgA肾病高血压发生的独立危险因素。结论32．5％的IgA肾病患者伴有高血压,蛋白尿程度、GFR水平是高血压的独立危险因素。     

165例特发性膜性肾病临床及病理特征与肾功能的相关性分析

目的 研究特发性膜性肾病（IMN）患者肾功能水平与临床及病理特征之间的相关性。方法 对2010年1月至2016年12月于深圳大学附属第一医院确诊的165例IMN患者的临床及病理资料进行回顾性分析；按照基线肾功能水平eGFR（估算肾小球滤过率）分为CKD1期组、CKD2期组、CKD3+4+5期组,比较患者人口学、临床生化指标及病理指标等的差异。采用相关性方程分析肾功能与年龄、24 h尿蛋白量、血压、临床生化指标及病理指标的相关性。采用二元logistic回归方程分析影响肾功能下降的危险因素。结果 ①患者年龄14～84（45.33±15.19）岁，临床表现为肾病综合征82例（49.6%）,伴高血压76例（46.1%）,合并水肿129例（78.1%）；②与CKD1期的患者相比，CKD2期以上的患者临床及病理具有男性比例高、高龄、高血压及肾病综合征发生率高的特点,且CKD分期越高（即eGFR水平越低）的患者，肾小球节段硬化、肾间质炎症细胞浸润及肾小动脉壁增厚的比例越高；③相关性分析结果提示，肾功能与年龄、高血压、24 h尿蛋白、血清尿酸水平、肾间质炎症细胞浸润、肾小管萎缩、肾小动脉壁增厚呈负相关（P<0.05）；④logistic多因素回归分析显示性别、24 h尿蛋白定量、高尿酸血症、肾间质炎症细胞浸润为IMN患者肾功能损害的独立危险因素。结论 IMN患者初诊时年龄、是否合并肾病综合征及高血压是eGFR下降的相关因素；男性、大量蛋白尿、高尿酸血症、肾间质炎症细胞浸润是影响IMN患者肾功能重要的预测因子。     

Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in first-degree relatives of chronic kidney disease patients in Southern China

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in first‐degree relatives (FDRs) of CKD patients. Methods: A cross‐section study of first‐degree relatives of CKD patients was conducted between November 2007 and March 2009 in southern China. A total of 1187 first‐degree relatives (494 male and 693 female; mean age 41.26 years) of 419 CKD patients (194 male and 225 female; mean age 32.10 years) were reviewed and tested for haematuria, albuminuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate. CKD risk factors, including age, gender, body mass index, hypertension and the causes of index case were also investigated. CKD was diagnosed according to the criteria of the National Kidney Foundation‐Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. Results: The prevalence of CKD in first‐degree relatives of CKD patients was 29.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.1%–32.2%). After adjusting for all the potential confounders, older age, female gender, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hyperuricaemia, hypertriglyceridemic, low level of high density lipoproteins, increased body mass index and nephrotoxic medications were independently associated with increased risk of CKD. Furthermore, relatives of index cases with chronic glomerulonephritis were at higher risk haematuria (ORs = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.45–3.10) compared with relatives of index cases with other kinds of renal diseases. Conclusion: The first‐degree relatives of CKD patients are at high risk of CKD, especially those relatives of CKD patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Screening in this high risk population might help to identify early CKD patients and make a proper intervention strategy to prevent the disease from quick progression.     

昆明市铁路职工高尿酸血症及其肾损害的流行病学研究

目的:研究昆明市铁路系统职工人群中高尿酸血症(HUA)的发病情况及其与慢性肾脏病(CKD)的关系。方法:在昆明市铁路系统职工中采用分层整群抽样方法,把整个铁路系统职工分为机关管理部门、基层工作部门和后勤服务部门三层,分别从每层随机选出1/3的部门的所有人员共1204人,进行问卷调查、体格检查和血尿检测。结果:在资料完整的1103人中,经过人口年龄、性别构成比校正后,HUA的患病率为18.32%;CKD的患病率为14.61%。其中,HUA组CKD的患病率为22.46%,明显高于血尿酸正常组;HUA组蛋白尿的发病率为15.17%,明显高于血尿酸正常组;HUA组GFR下降的患病率为4.83%,明显高于血尿酸正常组;而两组血尿的发病率没有明显区别。结论:昆明市铁路系统职工人群中,HUA的患病率为18.32%,CKD的患病率为14.61%。HUA组CKD的患病率明显高于血尿酸正常组,HUA可能为CKD的独立危险因素。     

不同性别成人IgA肾病患者临床特征

目的了解不同性别成人原发性IgA肾病（IgAnephropathy,IgAN）患者的临床特征。方法选择我科1996年3月至2009年11月经肾活检确诊为kAN的成人患者192例,对比分析男性和女性患者各临床表现和病理积分特点。结果成人IgAN患者中,不同性别患者的病程、发病年龄、血胆固醇、清蛋白、血IgA、血C3、尿红细胞计数和估算肾小球滤过率值的差异无统计学意义,但男性收缩压、舒张压、血肌酐、尿素氮、血尿酸及24h尿蛋白定量明显高于女性,差异显著。男性高血压、高尿酸血症、高三酰甘油血症、24h尿蛋白定量〉1g的比例显著高于女性。男女患者的肾小球积分、肾小管间质积分、血管积分及慢性病变、活动性病变积分差异均无统计学意义。肾功能中度损伤的独立危险因素为高尿酸血症（r=9．146,95．0％CI：2．322-36．026,P〈0．01）、总积分（r=2．772,95．0％CI：1．709～4．496,P〈0．01）、肾小球积分（r=0．522,95．0％CI：0．287-0．952,P〈0．05）。结论成人IgAN患者肾活检时男女患者间的肾功能及。肾脏病理改变并无明显差异,但男性患者相关临床病变重,血压、血肌酐、血尿酸及24h尿蛋白定量高,需积极干预延缓其进展。     

河南省北街村慢性肾脏病的流行病学研究

目的 研究我国中原地区农村人群中慢性肾脏病的患病情况及相关危险因素.方法 对河南省新乡市北街村18岁以上的1819名常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查、肾脏损伤及相关危险因素检测.结果 在资料完整的1380名居民中,经过人口年龄、性别构成比校正后,白蛋白尿、血尿、肾功能下降的患病率分别为6.2%、7.3%、1.6%.该人群...     

非透析慢性肾脏病患者高尿酸血症的危险因素分析

目的 探讨和分析非透析慢性肾脏病(non-dialysis chronic kidney disease,ND-CKD)患者高尿酸血症(hyperuricemia,HUA)的发生率及其相关危险因素.方法 收集2015年1月至2019年12月于山西医科大学第二医院肾内科就诊的540例ND-CKD患者的临床资料,依据HUA...     

IgA肾病患者合并高尿酸血症临床及病理特征分析

目的探讨IgA肾病高尿酸血症的临床病理特征及相关危险因素。 方法选取2010年1月至2015年7月于山西医科大学第二医院行经皮肾穿刺活检确诊为IgA肾病的188例患者,根据血尿酸水平将患者分为正常血尿酸组与高尿酸血症组,收集患者一般资料、尿蛋白定量、肾功能等临床生化指标以及病理指标,并对肾脏病理组织进行牛津病理分型。分析两组患者临床表现、肾脏病理特点,应用多元回归统计学方法分析高尿酸血症发生的影响因素。其他数据采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。 结果本研究中心188例IgA肾病患者中合并高尿酸血症的患者有42例,高尿酸血症发生率为22.3%;高尿酸血症组中男性患者36例,女性患者6例;与正常血尿酸组(男性患者61例、女性患者85例)相比,高尿酸血症组男性患者明显增多(χ²＝25.2,P<0.001)。本组研究IgA肾病患者肾脏组织牛津病理分型以M1E1S0T0多见;与正常血尿酸组比较,高尿酸血症组患者肾小管－间质损伤重,差异有统计学意义(χ²＝5.056,P＝0.025)。肾组织免疫复合物IgA沉积于毛细血管袢者高尿酸血症发生率明显升高(χ²＝44.69,P<0.001)。IgA肾病患者合并高尿酸血症的相关因素为性别、体质量指数、甘油三酯、IgA沉积于毛细血管袢。 结论IgA肾病高尿酸血症的危险因素为男性、肥胖、高甘油三酯血症,并可能与IgA在毛细血管区沉积相关。     

成都市城市人群慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 探讨成都市城市人群中慢性肾脏病(CKD)的患病情况和相关危险因素,以及危险人群CKD的患病情况.方法 通过对成都市常住居民中的铁路职工健康体检,进行CKD及相关危险因素的问卷调查(既往史、吸烟、饮酒等)、体格检查(血压、身高和体质量等)和相关血尿指标检测(血糖、血脂、血尿酸、血肌酐、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值、尿常规等),了解成都市城市人群CKD的患病情况及相关危险因素,以及危险人群CKD的患病情况.结果 在5326例资料完整的人群中,经过人口年龄和性别构成比校正后,白蛋白尿的患病率为11.54％,肾功能下降的患病率为5.54％,血尿的患病率为3.87％.该人群中CKD的患病率为18.32％,知晓率为1.93％.3098例高血压、糖尿病和高血脂人群中,白蛋白尿的患病率分别为23.79％、28.00％、14.08％;肾功能下降的患病率分别为4.76％、4.53％、3.26％;血尿的患病率分别为2.94％、3.20％、2.37％.多因素Logistic回归提示,女性、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂和高体质量指数是白蛋白尿的独立危险因素;女性、年龄、高尿酸和高血压是肾功能下降的独立危险因素,丽饮酒与肾功能下降呈负相关;女性和年龄是血尿的独立危险因素.结论 成都市城市人群中,CKD的患病率较高,知晓率较已报道的城市人群低.相关危险因素包括年龄、女性、糖尿病、高血压、高血脂、高尿酸、高体质量指数等.控制代谢性疾病的发生发展可减少CKD的发生.     

Clinical and pathological features of hyperuricemia in children with IgA nephropathy at a single center

Objective To investigate the clinical, pathological features and risk factors of hyperuricemia in children with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Methods A retrospective study of 269 primary IgAN children diagnosed between January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2017 at the Children Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, was performed in the hyperuricemia group (uric acid＞350 μmol/L) and the normal uric acid group. The clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed, and the risk factors of hyperuricemia were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results There were 185 males and 84 females in the 269 IgAN children with age of (9.2±3.1) years old, among whom there were 70 patients (26.0%) accompanied by hyperuricemia. Clinical indicators such as hypertension, urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, blood lipids, urinary protein in hyperuricemia group were higher than those in normal uric acid group (all P＜0.05), while estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum total protein and albumin were less (all P＜0.05). There were 58 patients (23.0%) and 12 patients (70.5%) associated with hyperuricemia among IgAN children with CKD 1-2 and CKD 3-5. The proportion of hyperuricemia in CKD stage 3-5 IgAN children was statistically higher than that in normal uric acid group (P＜0.01). The hyperuricemia group had a higher proportion of Lee IV and V grade, and a lower proportion of the Lee III grade than the normal uric acid group (all P＜0.05). According to the Oxford pathological classification score, there was no significant difference in total scores of renal lesions, glomerular score, and tubulointerstitial score between the two groups (all P＞0.05). According to the Katafuchi semi-quantitative score, there was no significant difference in the total scores of renal lesions, glomeruli, and tubulointerstitial scores (all P＞0.05), while the hyperuricemia group had higher renal vascular scores than the normal uric acid group (P＜0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (OR=12.596, 95%CI 1.778-89.243, P=0.011), higher total cholesterol (OR=1.192, 95%CI 1.064-1.336, P=0.002), higher urea nitrogen (OR=1.273, 95%CI 1.104-1.468, P=0.001), proteinuria 3+(OR=1.875, 95%CI 1.309-2.684, P=0.001), proteinuria 4+(OR=1.627, 95%CI 1.241-2.134, P＜0.001) and CKD stage 3 (OR=3.355, 95%CI 1.376-8.181, P=0.008) were the risk factors of hyperuricemia in children with IgAN. Conclusions Twenty-six percent IgAN children patients are accompanied by hyperuricemia, and their clinical parameters and pathological changes are more severe than those in normal uric acid group. Hypertension, higher total cholesterol, higher urea nitrogen, proteinuria 3+/4+ and CKD stage 3 are the risk factors of hyperuricemia in children with IgAN.     

江苏两个地区老年人群慢性肾脏病的分层随机抽样调查

目的 调查江苏省老年人慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病率及危险因素。 方法 采用分层随机抽样方法,对江苏省两个地区1404名60岁及以上常住居民进行问卷调查、肾损伤指标及相关危险因素的检测。 结果 1316例资料完整的受访者中,CKD患病率为32.3%。Logistic回归分析显示年龄、性别、高血压、高胆固醇血症及高尿酸血症与CKD患病独立相关。当收缩压（SBP）为140~159 mm Hg、160~179 mm Hg、≥180 mm Hg时,SBP对应CKD的优势比（OR）值分别为0.675、1.330、1.416。当空腹血糖（FBG）为5.6~6.9 mmol/L和≥7.0 mmol/L时,FBG对应CKD的OR值分别为0.628和1.941。 结论 我国江苏地区老年人群CKD患病率较高,危险因素包括年龄、性别、高血压、高胆固醇血症及高尿酸血症,与发达国家相似。     

不同性别原发性IgA肾病随增龄的临床病理特点

目的：了解不同性别原发性IgA肾病（IgAN）患者随增龄的临床病理特点。方法：回顾性分析我科2003年1月～2006年12月经肾活栓确诊的757例原发性IgAN患者的临床病理资料，根据年龄分成四组：A组（青年组，≤24岁，n=172例）、B组（中青年组，25岁～39岁，n=318）、C组（中年组，40岁～54岁，n=189）及D组（中老年组，≥55岁，n=78），分别比较不同性别组随增龄及同一年龄段男性与女性的临床病理特点。结果：A、B、C组男性多于女性，而D组女性多于男性。男、女性原发性IgAN中肾功能中度受损（eGFR〈60 ml／min）、高血压、高甘油三酯血症的比例均与年龄有关（P〈0．05）。A组最低，男性中B、C、D组均显著高于A组（P〈0．007），而女性中仅D组显著高于A组（P〈0．007），B、C组与A组无差异。另外，B、C组中男性肾功能中度受损、高血压及高甘油三酯血症的比例均显著高于女性（P〈0．05），而A、D组均无此趋势。B、C组男性的肾小管间质病变、肾内血管病变及血管壁透明样变性程度均重于同年龄段的女性（P〈0．05），而A、D组均无此趋势。女性患者肾功能中度受损的独立相关因素有年龄、高尿酸血症、肾小管间质损害、蛋白尿〉1g／d、肾内动脉病变5个参数。男性的独立相关因素为年龄、高尿酸血症、肾小管间质损害、全球硬化这4个参数。结论：中青年及中年女性IgAN患者的临床表现、慢性化病理改变显著轻于同年龄段男性，而55岁以上及24岁以下女性多个临床病理预后指标与同年龄段男性基本一致。     

Clinical features of chinese coronary heart disease patients with chronic kidney disease

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by stage in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and to identify the clinical features and examine control of cardiovascular risk factors. Methods and results: Clinical data of hospitalized patients were collected by investigators in China. CKD stages were classified according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). A total of 2509 participants with CHD were included in the final statistical analysis. The overall prevalence of CKD stage 3 and greater (eGFR of less than 60?mL/min/1.73?m(2)) in the CHD patients was 32.5%. As the CKD stage increased, fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) levels all worsened. As the CKD stage became more severe, CHD patients had comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, periphery arterial disease, and ischemic stroke, and more CHD patients had triple vessel disease increased. Even when patients received treatment of CHD and risk factors, control of cardiovascular risk factors such as SBP, DBP, FBG, and low-density lipoprotein was worsened as CKD stage became more severe over a 6-week follow-up. Conclusions: The data suggested a high prevalence of CKD in Chinese patients with CHD. Many conventional risk factors and comorbidities were correlated with high prevalence of CKD in CHD patients. Control of cardiovascular risk factors in those patients was poor.     

慢性肾脏病患者心血管疾病危险因素探讨

目的探讨慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者心血管疾病的危险因素。方法收集我院542例住院CKD患者的病史、实验室检查和辅助检查结果,将患者根据有无心血管疾病分为2组,根据Logistic回归分析结果探讨心血管疾病的危险因素。结果高龄、高血压、高尿酸血症、贫血、蛋白尿是CKD患者心血管疾病的危险因素;CKD1～5期患者心血管疾病的危险因素各不相同。结论CKD进展和CKD患者心血管疾病的发生拥有部分相同的危险因素;在CKD早期以传统危险因素为主,随着肾功能的恶化,非传统危险因素起主导的作用。     

乌市体检人群高尿酸血症患病率及其肾损害相关分析

目的：探讨新疆乌鲁木齐市健康体检人群中高尿酸血症（HUA）的发病情况及与慢性肾脏病（CKD）的关系.方法：回顾性分析2009年1月-2010年4月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院体检中心进行健康体检的10 025例人群,了解乌市健康体检人群HUA以及危险人群CKD的患病情况.结果：在资料完整的10 025例中,HUA的患病率为14.85%%,其中HUA组CKD的患病率为11.63%,明显高于血尿酸正常组;HUA组蛋白尿的发病率为6.66%,明显高于血尿酸正常组;HUA组eGFR下降的患病率为5.21%,明显高于血尿酸正常组;而两组血尿的发病率差异无统计学意义.多因素Logistic回归提示,高尿酸血症（OR=1.36,95%CI=1.13～1.65）、性别（OR=1.44,95%CI=1.25～1.67）、收缩压≥140 mmHg（OR=1.78,95%CI=1.49～2.73）、高血糖（OR=1.36,95%CI=1.67～2.58）是CKD重要危险因素.结论：乌鲁木齐市健康体检人群中HUA的患病率为14.85%,加强高危群筛查,积极控制血尿酸、血糖、血压可减少CKD的发生和发展.