ACE基因多态性与老年人原发性高血压的关系

目的 探讨血管紧张素Ⅰ转换酶（ACE）基因多态性与老年人原发性高血压（EH）的相关性。方法 采用一步PCR3条引物法,对287例老年EH（高血压组）和301例正常老年人（对照组）进行ACE基因I／D多态性分型,并进行基因型及等位基因频率计数,组间采用χ^2检验进行统计学分析。结果 高血压组DD型基因频率及D等位基因频率分别为10．4％和30．5％,对照组分别为9．3％和31．2％,经χ^2检验,2组间无显著差别（P＞0．05）。结论 ACE基因多态性与老年人原发性高血压（EH）无关。一步PCR3条引物法更准确可靠,可减少DD型错判率。     

原发性高血压患者血管紧张素转化酶和血管紧张素受体基因多态性的研究

目的　探讨血管紧张素转化酶 ( ACE)及血管紧张素 - 1型受体 ( AT1 R)基因多态性与原发性高血压 ( EHT)的关系。方法　应用聚合酶链反应及 PCR加酶解方法检测 1 50例健康人 ( NT)及 1 52例 EHT患者 ACE I/ D基因多态性的 ACE及 AT1 R A1 1 6 6 C突变。结果　 EHT组ACE I/ D基因多态性等位基因频率 I为 0 .50 ,D为 0 .50 ,D等位基因频率及基因型频率显著高于 NT组 ( P<0 .0 5) ;而两者之间的 AT1 R A1 1 6 6 C的C等位基因频率差异无显著性 ( P>0 .0 5)。结论　 ACE基因可能是 EHT的重要遗传因素 ,AT1 R基因 A1 1 6 6 C多态性与 EHT无关     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与原发性高血压病心肌纤维化的关系

目的　探讨血管紧张素转换酶 ( ACE)基因多态性与原发性高血压病 ( EH)心肌纤维化的关系。方法　以多聚酶链反应 ( PCR)方法检测 168例 EH患者的 ACE基因型 ;放射免疫法检测血清 型前胶原 ( PC )、透明质酸( HA)和层粘蛋白 ( LN)。结果　高血压病心肌纤维化组 DD基因型和 D等位基因频率分别为 0 .42 9和 0 .60 ,显著高于非纤维化组 0 .18和 0 .42 1( P<0 .0 5 )。DD型与 II型比较心肌质量指数、PC 显著升高 ,差异有显著性 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 ACE基因 DD型可能是高血压病心肌纤维化的重要危险因素     

原发性高血压并发脑梗死患者血管紧张素转换酶和血管紧张素受体基因多态性的研究

目的 :探讨血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)基因及血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体 (AT1R)基因A116 6 /C多态性与原发性高血压 (EH)及其并发脑梗死的关系。方法 :应用聚合酶链反应及PCR加酶解方法检测 15 0例健康者 (对照组 )及 15 2例EH无并发症患者 (EH组 )和 80例EH并发脑梗死患者 (EH并发脑梗死组 )ACEI/D基因多态性的ACE及AT1RA116 6C突变。结果 :EH组及EH并发脑梗死组的ACE基因的D等位基因频率为 5 0 %及 4 8% ,明显高于对照组的 33% (P <0 .0 5 )。AT1R基因的C等位基因频率在 3组之间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :ACE基因可能是EH及EH并发脑梗死的重要遗传因素 ,而AT1R基因与EH发病及EH患者是否易患脑梗死无关     

ACE2基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的 研究血管紧张素转化酶2（angiotensin converting enzyme 2,ACE2）基因多态性与广东地区原发性高血压的相关性.方法 高血压组选择门诊与住院的汉族无血缘关系的原发性高血压369例,男194例,女175例;对照组为同期体检的广东地区健康汉族居民199例,男101例,女98例.排除冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、脑血管病及肝功能不良、肾功能不良.按照性别分为两组,采用病例对照的原则,应用聚合酶链反应和限制性内切酶片段长度多态性（polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP）的方法检测ACE2基因G9570A多态性,并随机抽取20份标本进行基因测序以核实基因分型.在分析各亚组的年龄、体重指数、血压及生化指标的基础上综合分析ACE2基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系.结果 高血压组G等位基因频率：男75.3%,对照组男60.4%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.0086,P=0.0081）,高血压组,女57.4%,对照组45.4%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.9443,P=0.0084）;女高血压组GG基因型的频率明显高于对照组（χ2=12.9499,P=0.0015）;G等位基因人群发生高血压的风险高于A等位基因人群,男OR：1.9945,95% CI：1.1916～3.3385,P=0.0082;女OR：1.603,95% CI：1.1274～2.2792,P=0.0085.结论 ACE2-G9570A多态性与原发性高血压相关;携带G等位基因的男性和仅仅携带G基因的女性人群发生高血压的危险性相对较大,提示ACE2基因可作为原发性高血压的候选易感基因.     

Lack of an association between angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism and peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Numerous factors have been reported to influence the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene is a candidate gene for atherosclerotic-related disease. In the present study, the association between the polymorphism of the ACE gene and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) was investigated. Using polymerase chain reaction techniques, 100 patients (age 66.7 +/- 7.7 years) with PAOD and 100 age-matched controls were divided into the three ACE genotypes: II, ID and DD (Insertion I and Deletion D). There was no evidence of any association between ACE gene polymorphism and the presence of PAOD (odds ratio 0.759; 95% confidence interval 0.418-1.377). These results indicate an absence of association between DD genotype and PAOD. Further evaluation in a larger population study is required to examine the possibility of an increased risk of PAOD in DD homozygotes.     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and its association with essential hypertension in a Tibetan population.

There is strong evidence to support the idea that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH) and its complications. However, existing data about the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with blood pressure is conflicting, mainly due to racial differences and environmental exposure status. We therefore conducted a case control study to observe the relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism and EH in a Tibetan population who live in relatively isolated areas and are genetically homogeneous. The study was conducted at stable residential communities in the urban district of Lhasa, the capital of the Tibet autonomous region, China, and 106 unrelated EH patients and 135 normotensIve subjects were recruited. PCR, PCR/RFLP and PCR-SSCP were carried out to study the association between RAS genes and EH. Frequencies for the DD, ID and II genotypes were 27, 47 and 29 in hypertensive subjects, and 15, 60 and 48 in normotensive subjects, respectively. Derived allele frequencies for the I and D alleles were 0.51 and 0.49 in hypertensive subjects and 0.64 and 0.36 in normotensive subjects. There were significant differences in genotype distribution and derived allele frequency between these two groups. The genotype and allele frequencies of the ACE gene differed significantly between hypertensive and normotensive females (p>0.05), but there were no differences in males. In females, the DBP and MAP level were significantly higher for the DD than for the ID and II genotype, and SBP was significantly higher for the DD than for the II genotype. But in males, there were no significant differences in blood pressure among ACE genotypes. The results showed a significant association between the D allele of the ACE gene and hypertension in Tibetan women but not in Tibetan men.     

血管紧张素转化酶基因多态性与高血压病的关联研究

目的：探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因多态性（insertion,I／deletion,D）与高血压病的相关性。方法：收集176例心功能正常的高血压病患者（EH组）及与之性别、年龄、居住地相匹配的血压、心功能正常对照组176例。应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）检测ACE（I／D）多态性基因型。采用x2检验比较两组不同基因型及基因型组合分布频率,Hardy-Weinberg平衡用拟合良好x2检验。结果：1、Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡检验示：ACE基因不同基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡（P均〉0．05）,样本具有群体代表性;2、与正常对照组比较,EH组ACE基因的II（42．61％比43．18％）和DD（10．80％比12．50％）基因型频率明显增高,ID（46．59％比44．31％）基因型频率明显降低（P〈0．05）。结论：ACE基因I／D多态性与高血压有显著相关。     

血管紧张素转换酶基因缺失多态性与冠状动脉病变

目的 :探讨血管紧张素转换酶 ( ACE)基因的插入 /缺失 ( insertion/deletion,I/D)多态性与冠状动脉病变的相关性。方法 :应用聚合酶链反应 ( PCR)扩增技术检测 86例行冠状动脉造影患者的 ACE基因 I/D多态性。结果 :冠状动脉异常组的 DD基因型频率 0 .41,D等位基因频率 0 .5 2 ,显著高于冠状动脉正常组的 0 .15和 0 .2 9( P <0 .0 5 ) ;DD基因型与冠状动脉病变有关 ( OR=3.97,P<0 .0 5 )。多支病变与 DD基因型的关系更为密切 ( OR=4.72 ,P<0 .0 5 )。冠状动脉正常组、单支病变组和多支病变组的 DD型频率依次为 0 .15、0 .33和 0 .46( P <0 .0 5 ) ,D等位基因频率为 0 .2 9、0 .44和 0 .5 6( P <0 .0 1)。结论 :ACE基因的 I/D多态性与冠状动脉病变及其严重程度相关 ,DD型及 D等位基因频率随冠状动脉病变及其程度的加重而逐渐升高。在冠状动脉病变患者中 DD及 ID型患者的吸烟率、甘油三酯及血压显著低于 型者 ( P <0 .0 5 ) ,说明 D等位基因及 DD基因型可能是冠心病低危人群冠状动脉病变的重要危险因素之一。     

Angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism and activity in Turkish patients with essential hypertension

Studies in various ethnic groups have shown contradictory evidence on the association of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with essential hypertension. We conducted a case-control study in Samsun, Turkey, to examine the association between ACE genotype, ACE serum activity, and blood pressure. Serum ACE activity was measured and ACE I/D polymorphism performed in 165 hypertensive and 143 normotensive subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR primers were flanking the polymorphic region in intron 16 of the ACE gene. The distribution of the DD, ID, and II ACE genotypes was 65, 77, and 23 in hypertensive patients and 42, 82, and 19 in normotensive subjects (P > .05). The estimated frequency of the insertion allele was 0.37 in hypertensive and 0.42 in normotensive subjects. Nevertheless, sensitivity analysis, based on positive family history and severity of hypertension, suggested that significant associations existed between more homogeneous groups of hypertensives and normotensives (P < .05). ACE genotype influenced ACE activity and the highest level was in DD genotype, being the lowest in II genotype. ACE serum levels were significantly higher in hypertensives as compared with normotensives (P < .01). A modest correlation was observed between blood pressure and ACE among hypertensive persons (r = 0.25, P < .05) and this did persist in multivariate analysis (P < .05 for systolic blood pressure and P < .005 for diastolic blood pressure). These data suggest that ACE DD genotype may have predisposing effects on severe hypertensives and cases with positive family history, and that ACE may be one of the independent factors on hypertension.     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的：探讨中国人血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）基因的插入／缺失（Ｉ／Ｄ）多态性与原发性高血压（ＥＨ）发病的相关性。方法按ＷＨＯ标准确诊的ＥＨ患者６８例,正常对照组６２例。用多聚酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）和琼脂糖电泳技术,检测两组个体ＡＣＥ基因的Ｉ／Ｄ多态性。结果高血压组与正常对照组检测出３例基因Ⅱ、ⅠＤ和ＤＤ,频率分布分别为０．４８、０．３７、０．１５和０．３９、０．４８、０．１３,Ｉ、Ｄ等位基因频率分别为     

原发性高血压血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与性别的关系

目的　研究血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)基因插入 缺失 (I D)多态性与不同性别原发性高血压 (EH)的关系。方法　应用聚合酶链反应技术分析 138例原发性高血压患者及 6 0名正常对照组的ACE基因型。结果　原发性高血压组缺失纯合子 (DD)基因型及D等位基因频率显著高于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 )。且男女两性相比 ,原发性高血压组男性DD基因型频率显著高于女性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,收缩压水平亦显著高于女性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　原发性高血压与ACE基因I D多态性之间存在一种特殊的伴性关系。     

Lack of significant association of an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene with tropical calcific pancreatitis

Background  

The genetic basis of tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP) is different and is explained by mutations in the pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (SPINK1) gene. However, mutated SPINK1 does not account for the disease in all the patients, neither does it explain the phenotypic heterogeneity between TCP and fibro-calculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD). Recent studies suggest a crucial role for pancreatic renin-angiotensin system during chronic hypoxia in acute pancreatitis and for angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in reducing pancreatic fibrosis in experimental models. We investigated the association of ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in TCP patients using a case-control approach. Since SPINK1 mutations are proposed a modifier role, we also investigated its interaction with the ACE gene variant.     

不同性别血管紧张素转化酶基因型与原发性高血压相关性研究

目的 :探讨男、女不同性别的血管紧张素转化酶 (ACE)基因型与原发性高血压 (EH)的相关关系。方法 :应用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)技术检测 12 8例男性 (其中EH患者 73例 ) ,79例女性(其中EH患者 4 3例 )ACE基因插入 /缺失 (I/D)多态性。结果 :男性组EH患者DD基因型频率(0 .35 6 )和D等位基因频率 (0 .5 75 )显著高于对照者 (0 .182和 0 .4 2 7,分别P <0 .0 5 ,<0 .0 2 )。且ACEDD基因型与男性EH患者的收缩压和脉压增高有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。而女性ACE基因型与EH及血压无显著相关性存在 (均P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :ACE基因I/D多态性对男性EH的发生及血压的增高有显著影响 ,而对女性无此作用。     

血管紧张素转换酶基因插入/缺失多态性与心肌梗死发病的相关性研究

目的　探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）基因的插入／ 缺失（ｉｎｓｅｒｔｉｏｎ／ｄｅｌｅｔｉｏｎ,Ｉ／Ｄ） 多态性与心肌梗死发病的相关性。方法　应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ） 扩增技术检测６３ 例心肌梗死患者及１１２ 例健康对照者的ＡＣＥ基因Ｉ／Ｄ多态性。结果　位于ＡＣＥ基因第１６ 内含子的Ｉ／Ｄ多态性经ＰＣＲ技术扩增后可分为三种基因型：纯合子缺失型（ＤＤ） ,纯合子插入型（ Ⅱ）,杂合子插入／ 缺失型（ＩＤ）。６３ 例心肌梗死患者ＤＤ型２６ 例（４１％ ）,ＩＤ型２４ 例（３８％ ）,Ⅱ型１３ 例（２１％） ,Ｄ等位基因频率为６０％ 。１１２ 例对照者则分别为２５ 例（２２％ ）,５０ 例（４５ ％） ,３７ 例（３３％ ） 及４５％ 。ＤＤ型及Ｄ 等位基因在心肌梗死组中显著高于健康对照组,（ Ｐ 值分别为０－００８ １ 及０－００４ ９）。心肌梗死患者ＤＤ型与非ＤＤ型在年龄、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、Ａｐｏ－ Ａｌ、Ａｐｏ－ Ｂ、吸烟以及所伴发的糖尿病、高血压等方面的差别均无显著性意义,但在甘油三酯及吸烟两项,表现出ＤＤ 型的心梗患者较非ＤＤ 型者有减低的趋势。结论　ＡＣＥ基因的插入／ 缺失多态性与国人心肌梗死发病相关,Ｄ等位基因及ＤＤ基因型可能为心肌梗     

Carotid thickening,cardiac hypertrophy,and angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism in patients with hypertension

An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, carotid thickening, and cardiac hypertrophy. However, a conclusive agreement about the role of ACE genotype in the genetics of cardiovascular disease has not yet been reached. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship of the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and left ventricular mass (LVM) in 175 Chinese patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. The I/D genotypes were detected by the polymerase chain reaction using primers flanking the polymorphic region in intron 16 of the ACE gene. The IMT was measured in the common carotid and carotid bifurcation by B-mode ultrasound. The LVM was calculated with M-mode echocardiographic measures of the left ventricle. Patients with the DD genotype (n = 41) showed significant greater carotid IMT (1.593 ± 0.879 v1.309 ± 0.703 and 1.171 ± 0.583 mm, P = .01) but insignificant higher LVM index (123.8 ± 36.6 v 123.7 ± 37.4 and 118.2 ± 33.0 g/m², P = .61) than did those with the DI (n = 69) and II (n = 65) genotypes. The deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene (P = .04) was a significant predictor for carotid IMT on multiple regression analysis, controlling all the potential confounding factors including age (P = .001), systolic blood pressure (P = .09), smoking (P = .08), and plasma tissue plasminogen activator antigen (P = .03), but the LVM correlated only with age (P = .02), sex (P < .001), and body mass index (P < .001). These results indicated that the DD genotype of the ACE gene could be considered a risk factor for the development of early atherosclerosis in carotid arteries but not for left ventricular hypertrophy in the hypertensive population.     

血管紧张素转换酶基因插入缺失多态性与原发性高血压患者合并心房颤动的相关性研究

目的探讨中国河南豫北地区汉族原发性高血压人群血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因插入(I)/缺失(D)多态性与心房颤动(房颤)的关系。方法采用病例对照法,选择原发性高血压患者803例,分为房颤组405例和窦性心律组398例,采用PCR-RFLP方法进行ACE基因I/D多态性分析。结果房颤组DD基因型频率明显高于窦性心律组(25.9%vs 13.1%),ID基因型频率明显低于窦性心律组(38.8%vs 50.3%,P<0.05)。与携带II+ID基因型者比较,携带DD基因型高血压患者房颤的风险增加(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.60³.29,P<0.05),携带DD基因型的高血压合并房颤患者左心房内径明显扩大,LVEF明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 ACE基因I/D多态性与原发性高血压患者房颤的发生存在相关性,DD基因型可能使高血压患者发生房颤的危险增加。     

血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂所致咳嗽与血管紧张素转化酶基因型相关性的研究

目的　探讨老年原发性高血压患者口服血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 (ACEI )后发生咳嗽的机制。方法　应用聚合酶链反应 (PCR) ,检测老年原发性高血压患者口服ACEI后发生咳嗽与无咳嗽者的血管紧张素转化酶 (ACE)基因多态性 ,检测并比较两组患者血清ACE水平及ACE水平预测高血压患者口服ACEI引起咳嗽的敏感性和特异性。结果　ACEI所致咳嗽组ACE基因Ⅱ型的频率为4 0 % ,显著高于无咳嗽组 (2 0 % ,P <0 0 5 ) ,Ⅰ等位基因频率为 6 0 % ,显著高于无咳嗽组 (4 1% ,P <0 0 1)。两组患者血清ACE水平在DD型、ID型、Ⅱ型依次减低。咳嗽组血清ACE水平显著低于无咳嗽组 (P <0 0 0 1) ,血清ACE水平预测ACEI引起咳嗽的敏感性和特异性分别为 81%和 78%。结论　老年高血压患者口服ACEI所致咳嗽与血清ACE水平及ACE基因多态性有关。     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性和动态血压关联性的初步探讨

探讨血压和位于人染色体１７ｑ２３的血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）基因第１６内含子的一个２８７片段的插入／缺失多态性的关联性。在６０例６０岁以上的高血压病患者中，测量了偶测血压（ＣＢＰ）和动态血压（ＡＢＰ）；观察三种基因型之间的血压差异。结果显示：在三种基因型之间，未发现ＣＢＰ的明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），然而，其间的多个２４小时动态血压参数之间存在明显的不同（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本研究提示：ＡＣＥ基因的Ｉ／Ｄ多态性对血压有影响；ＡＢＰ较ＣＢＰ敏感。