宝藿甙-Ⅰ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ和宝藿素的分离和结构研究

自宝兴淫羊藿(Epimedium davidii Franch)中分离出8个黄酮类化合物,根据理化数据、光谱分析(UV,IR,~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR,MS)和水解实验证明,其中E_3,E_(13)和E_8分别为已知成分淫羊藿甙、淫羊藿素和苜蓿素。E_1,E_(11)、E_(16)和E_(15)是新黄酮类化合物,并证明结构,分别命名为宝藿甙-Ⅰ(baohuoside Ⅰ),宝藿甙-Ⅵ(baohuoside Ⅵ),宝藿甙-Ⅶ(baohuo side Ⅶ)和宝藿素(baohuosu)。E_(17)的结构待定。     

宝藿甙Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ的分离和结构研究

自宝兴淫羊藿(Epimedium davidii Franch)全草中分离得十七个黄酮类化合物。确定了E₂,E₄,E₅,E₆,E₇,E₉,E₁₀,E₁₂和E₁₄的化学结构。其中五个为已知成分,即E₅为淫羊藿甙-C,E₉为淫羊藿甙-A,E₁₂为去甲淫羊藿素,E₄为金丝桃甙,E₁₄为山柰素-3-双鼠李糖甙。E₂,E₆,E₇和E₁₀是首次从植物中分离到的黄酮醇甙,分别命名为宝藿甙-Ⅱ,宝藿甙-Ⅲ,宝藿甙-Ⅳ和宝藿甙-Ⅴ。E₄和E₁₄在本属植物中系首次发现。     

宝藿甙Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ的分离和结构研究

自宝兴淫羊藿(Epimedium davidii Franch)全草中分离得十七个黄酮类化合物。确定了E_2,E_4,E_5,E_6,E_7,E_9,E_(10),E_(12)和E_(14)的化学结构。其中五个为已知成分,即E_5为淫羊藿甙-C,E_9为淫羊藿甙-A,E_(12)为去甲淫羊藿素,E_4为金丝桃甙,E_(14)为山柰素-3-双鼠李糖甙。E_2,E_6,E_7和E_(10)是首次从植物中分离到的黄酮醇甙,分别命名为宝藿甙-Ⅱ,宝藿甙-Ⅲ,宝藿甙-Ⅳ和宝藿甙-Ⅴ。E_4和E_(14)在本属植物中系首次发现。     

药典内5种淫羊藿中黄酮类成分的反相高效液相色谱分析

报道了药典规定的5种淫羊藿──淫羊藿、箭叶淫羊藿、巫山淫羊藿、柔毛淫羊藿和朝鲜淫羊藿中9种黄酮──淫羊藿甙(icariin)、宝藿甙-Ⅰ(baohuosideI)、宝藿甙-Ⅱ(baohuosideⅡ)、淫羊藿甙A(epimedosideA)、箭藿甙B(sagittatosideB)、朝藿定B(epimedinB)、朝藿定C(epimedinC)、大花淫羊藿甙C(ikarisosideC)和大花淫羊藿甙F(ikarisosideF)的反相高效液相色谱测定。色谱柱为DISK-C_phenlyl,流动相为乙腈-乙酸液(水:36%乙酸=100:4),梯度洗脱,检测波长为272nm。     

茂汶淫羊藿黄酮类化合物的研究

首次从茂汶淫羊藿(Epimedium platypetalum K.Meyer)的地上部分分得四个黄酮类化合物。经理化鉴定及波谱分析,确定结晶Ⅰ为淫羊藿甙(Icariin)、结晶Ⅱ为宝藿甙Ⅰ(Bauhuoside-Ⅰ)、结晶Ⅲ为新化合物,命名为茂汶甙-A(platypetaloside A)。晶Ⅳ结构正在研究中。     

朝藿甙甲和朝藿甙乙的结构鉴定

自朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanum Nakai)地上部分中分离得到二个黄酮类化合物I和II,根据理化数据及光谱分析,其结构分别鉴定为:脱水淫羊藿素3-O-β-D-(6-乙酰基)吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-(4-乙酰基)吡喃鼠李糖甙(I)和脱水淫羊藿素3-O-β-D-(2,6-二乙酰基)吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-(4-乙酰基)吡喃鼠李糖-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(II)。I和I为新化合物,分别命名为朝藿甙甲(korepimedoside A)和朝藿甙乙(korepimedoside B)。     

10种淫羊藿中宝藿甙Ⅵ的含量测定

１０种淫羊藿中宝藿甙Ⅵ的含量测定北京中医学院１０００２９阎文玫，袁长青，梁海锐，邵爱新中药淫羊藿为小檗科淫羊藿属多种植物的干燥茎、叶。中国药典（１９９０年版）收载了５种淫羊藿，但商品调查结果表明全国使用的有１０余种。我们从巫山淫羊藿中提取、分离出宝藿...     

巫山淫羊藿的化学研究

从小檗科Berberidaceae淫羊藿属Epimedium植物巫山淫羊藿Epimedium wushanense T.S.Ying的地上部分中分得两种黄酮甙单体,经理化性质鉴定及紫外、红外、质谱、氢谱、碳谱等光谱分析,确定甙Ⅰ是新化合物,命名为巫山淫羊藿甙(wushanicariin)。甙Ⅱ是已知化合物淫羊藿甙(icariin),系首次从该种植物中分离。     

朝藿甙A的结构

从朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanum Nakai)地上部分分离得到一个新黄酮醇甙类成分:朝藿甙A(ChaohuosideA,I),经光谱分析证明,其结构为7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-脱水淫羊藿素-3-O-β-D-(3,6-O-二乙酰基)-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→3)-α-L-(4-O-乙酰基)-吡喃鼠李糖甙。     

箭叶淫羊藿中化学成分及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 分离箭叶淫羊藿中的化学成分并对8-异戊烯基黄酮类化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱和HPLC制备色谱方法分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱分析方法鉴定其结构,利用MTT法对分离得到的异戊烯基黄酮类化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选.结果 分离得到7个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为淫羊藿苷(1)、淫羊藿素(2)、宝藿苷Ⅰ(3)、去甲淫羊藿素(4)、苜蓿素(5)、淫羊藿次苷Ⅰ(6)和朝藿定C(7).体外抗肿瘤结果表明,在0.5～1 00 μmol/L浓度,化合物2、3、4、6对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞增殖具有明显抑制作用,并随浓度的增加抑制作用更加明显,48 h的IC50分别为12.43、35.44、11.53、16.31 μmol/L,化合物1、7活性很弱.结论 化合物3、4为首次从箭叶淫羊藿植物分离得到,化合物3有望成为靶向抗乳腺癌的候选药物.     

An Antifungal Spirostanol Saponin from Fruit Pulp of Dracaena mannii

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of a spirostanol saponin (DM-1), isolated from the fruit pulp of Dracaena mannii, was investigated against 17 species of fungi and 4 of bacteria. DM-1 showed strong antifungal activity and weak antibacterial activity within the concentration range of 6.25-10, 000 μg/ ml. The structure of DM-1 was characterized as 3β-0-[(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 ← 2), α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1←3))-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-17 α-hydroxyl-spirost-5-ene from the analysis of the spectra data and chemical reactions.     

A dimeric triterpenoid glycoside and flavonoid glycosides with free radical-scavenging activity isolated from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rubus rigidus</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">camerunensis</Emphasis>

The aerial part of Rubus rigidus var. camerunensis (Rosaceae) is used to treat respiratory and cardiovascular disorders in the Cameroonian traditional medicine. The ethanol extract exhibited more potent antioxidant activity (E_maxs of 119% and 229% activity on DPPH and β-carotene test) than aqueous extract. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract based on free radical-scavenging assay (DPPH assay) afforded five flavonoid glycosides (four flavonol glycosides and an anthocyanin) and three glucosides of 19α-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoid (two monomeric and one dimeric triterpenoids). The flavonoids were identified as kaempferol 3-O-(2″-O-E-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (astragalin, 2), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside (juglanin, 3), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (isoquercitrin, 4), pelargonidin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (callistephin, 5). The three triterpenoids were 2α, 3β, 19α, 23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (nigaichigoside F₁, 6), 2α, 3β, 19α-trihydroxyurs-12-ene-23-carboxyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (suavissimoside R₁, 7) as monomeric triterpenoids and coreanoside F₁ (8) as a dimeric triterpenoid. The flavonoids exhibited potent antioxidant activities (66 to 93.56% against DPPH radical) and they were also active on β-carotene test. Coreanoside F₁ exhibited a 63% antioxidant activity, meanwhile the other two triterpenoids showed a weak activity. Three important facts on structure-activity relationship were observed: Compound 8, a dimeric triterpenoid glycoside, strongly enhanced antioxidant activity of its monomers, compound 3 with 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranyl has much more potent activity than compound 2 with 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl, and antocyanin (5) is more potent than its corresponding flavonol glycosides.     

黑种草子化学成分研究

从民族药黑种草子(Semen nigellae)中分离得到七个化合物,其中两个为新化合物,分别命名为黑种草甙(nigeglanoside)和黑种草糖(nigelancae)。经理化常数测定和光谱解析确定其结构分别为山萘酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙和2-O-α-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-β-D-呋喃果糖甙。另外五个已知化合物分别为附子碱的氯化物(fuzitinechloride)、常春藤皂甙、蔗糖(sucrose)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)和环劳顿醇(cyclolandenol)。     

Flavonol glycosides from the aerial parts of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Aceriphyllum rossii</Emphasis> and their antioxidant activities

The methanol extract obtained from the aerial parts ofAceriphyllum rossii (Saxifragaceae) was fractionated into ethyl acetate (EtOAc),n-BuOH and H₂O layers through solvent fractionation. Repeated silica gel column chromatography of EtOAc andn-BuOH layers afforded six flavonol glycosides. They were identified as kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (astragalin,1), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (isoquercitrin,2), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyrano-side (rutin,4), kaempferol 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] (5) and quercetin 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] (6) on the basis of several spectral data. The antioxidant activity of the six compounds was investigated using two free radicals such as the ABTS free radical and superoxide anion radical. Compound1 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in the ABTS2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging method. 100 mg/L of compound1 was equivalent to 72.1±1.4 mg/L of vitamin C, and those of compounds3 and5 were equivalent to 62.7±0.5 mg/L and 54.3±1.3 mg/L of vitamin C, respectively. And in the superoxide anion radical scavenging method, compound5 exhibited the highest activity with an IC₅₀ value of 17.6 ± 0.3 μM. In addition, some physical and spectral data of the flavonoids were confirmed.     

朝鲜淫羊藿的化学成分

目的研究朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanumNakai)中的化学成分。方法朝鲜淫羊藿干燥地上部分用水回流提取后,经大孔吸附树脂柱色谱分离,用水及不同体积分数的乙醇洗脱;50%乙醇洗脱部分的浸膏用硅胶柱色谱分离,用氯仿甲醇梯度洗脱,得到的第5、8、10流份用羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱分离、十八烷基键合硅胶柱色谱分离、制备型HPLC纯化后得到化合物1~8;根据化合物的理化性质和核磁共振氢谱、碳谱数据对所得化合物进行结构鉴定,分析确定化学结构。结果从朝鲜淫羊藿水提取物中分离得到8个化合物:淫羊藿苷(icariin,1)、宝藿苷Ⅰ(baohuosideⅠ,2)、箭藿苷B(sagittatoside B,3)、宝藿苷Ⅱ(baohuosideⅡ,4)a、stragalin(5)、3,5,7三羟基4′甲氧基8异戊烯基黄酮3OαL鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)α鼠李吡喃糖苷(6)、1,2,3,4 tetrahy-dro 3,7 dihydroxy 1(4 hydroxy 3 methoxyphenyl)6 methoxy 2,3 naphthalenedimethanol(7)、朝藿定C(epimedin C,8)。结论化合物7为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物8为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

人参叶微量新成分的研究

从人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)叶中分离出14种单体化合物。其中4种微量成分用IR、MS、¹HNMR、13CNMR及化学方法等分别鉴定为20(R)-原人参三醇(Ⅰ)、胡萝卜甙(Ⅱ)、3β,12β-二羟基-20(22),24-达玛二烯—3—0—β—D—葡萄吡喃糖甙(Ⅲ)及20(R)-原人参二醇—3—0—β—D—葡萄吡喃糖甙(Ⅳ)。其中Ⅲ及Ⅳ系新化合物,分别命名为人参皂甙-Rh₃(ginsenoside-Rh₃)及20(R)-人参皂甙-Rh₃[20(R)-ginsenoside-Rh₂]。     

Baimantuoluosides D-G,four new withanolide glucosides from the flower of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Datura metel</Emphasis> L.

In our search for bioactive anti-psoriasis compounds from the flower of Datura metel L, we isolated four new withanolide glucosides, baimantuoluosides D, E, F and G (1–4). The structures of the new compounds are (5α,6α,7β,22R)-5,6,7,27-tetrahydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dien-27-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (5α,6β,7α,22R)-5,6,7,27-tetrahydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dien-27-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), (5α,6β,7α,12β,22R)-5,6,7,12,27-pentahydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dien-27-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and (5α,6β,22R)-5,6,27-trihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dien-27-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.     

槲寄生化学成分的研究——Ⅲ.槲寄生新甙Ⅲ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ的结构

自槲寄生(Viscum coloratum(Kom.) Nakai)中分离得到五个黄酮甙。经光谱和化学分析确定Ⅰ为异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙,Ⅱ为异鼠李素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙,Ⅲ为高圣草素-7-O-β-D-芹菜糖基(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖甙;Ⅴ为高圣草素-7-O-β-D-芹菜糖(1→5)-β-D-芹菜糖(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖甙;Ⅵ为高圣草素-7-O-β-D-(6″-乙酰)-葡萄糖甙。化合物Ⅲ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ为三个新的双氢黄酮甙,分别命名为槲寄生新甙Ⅲ(viscumneoside Ⅲ),槲寄生新甙Ⅴ(viscumneoside Ⅴ)和槲寄生新甙Ⅵ(viscumneoside Ⅵ)。Ⅰ和Ⅱ亦系首次从该植物中发现。     

红松松针中木脂素类成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究红松松针中的木脂素类成分,为松属植物的化学分类学研究提供依据。方法采用反复硅胶、聚酰胺、ODS、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱分析对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果从红松松针中分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为(+)-异落叶松脂素-9-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷((+)-isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-xylopyranoside,1)、(+)-异落叶松脂素-9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷((+)-isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2)、7S,8R-苏式-3′,4,9′-三羟基-3-甲氧基-7,8-二氢苯并呋喃-1′-丙醇基新木脂素-9-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(7S,8R-threo-3′,4,9′-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-4′,7-epoxy-neolignan-9-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,3)、7S,8R-苏式-3′,9,9′-三羟基-3-甲氧基-7,8-二氢苯并呋喃-1′-丙醇基新木脂素-4-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(7S,8R-threo-3′,9,9′-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-4′,7-epoxy-neolignan-4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,4)、7R,8S-赤式-4,7,9-三羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基-8-O-4′-新木脂素-9′-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(7R,8S-erythro-4,7,9-trihydrox-y-3,3′-dimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-9′-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,5)、7S,8S-苏式-4,7,9-三羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基-8-O-4′-新木脂素-9′-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(7S,8S-threo-4,7,9-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-9′-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,6)、7S,8S-苏式-3′,4,7,9-四羟基-3-甲氧基-8-O-4′-新木脂素-9′-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(7S,8S-threo-3′,4,7,9-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-9′-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,7)、7R,8S-赤式-3′,4,9,9′-四羟基-3-甲氧基-8-O-4′-新木脂素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7R,8S-erythro-3′,4,9,9′-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-7-O-β-D-glucopyr-anoside,8)。结论化合物1~8均为首次从红松中分离得到。