卫生技术评估方法、应用与发展建议简

对卫生技术评估主要应用方法和评估程序、应用和传播进行了简要介绍,并针对我国卫生技术评估发展存在问题提出了发展建议。     

中国卫生技术评估的机遇和展望

从卫生技术的安全性、有效性、经济性和社会性4个角度阐述并分析了我国当前卫生技术存在的一些问题。我国卫生技术管理明显滞后于卫生技术发展的要求,卫生技术管理体制分散造成管理疏漏,卫生技术政策制定缺乏技术评估的循证支持。建议适当重构我国的卫生技术管理体系,协调各部门的职能,积极鼓励开展各种类型的技术评估研究,促进技术评估信息的公开透明。     

澳大利亚和新西兰新兴卫生技术水平扫描网络的实践与启示

文章介绍了澳大利亚和新西兰新兴卫生技术水平扫描网络的评估小组建立、评估方法、评估流程以及相关做法。启示我国应创建新兴卫生技术水平扫描网络,加强大数据在水平扫描网络中的应用,以提高我国卫生技术评估水平。     

国内外卫生技术评估应用进展及建议

卫生技术评估是对卫生技术影响进行系统评估的一种综合政策研究,国际上已广泛应用于医疗保险支付范围确定、卫生技术价格制定、新医药技术准入等方面.本文探讨了卫生技术评估在国内外的应用进展,归纳了国际卫生技术评估发展的模式和特点,分析了我国卫生技术评估的进展及存在问题,并提出了进一步发展的政策建议,为我国政府开展第三方医疗服务评价,特别是发展卫生技术评估事业提供决策依据.     

发展我国卫生技术评估的构想:基于评估能力视角

基于卫生技术评估的能力视角,提出发展我国卫生技术评估的设想,包括将发展卫生技术评估作为卫生系统能力建设的重要方面,经费和项目保障技术评估工作的顺利开展,建立卫生技术评估研究者的长效多方式培养机制,以及研究者和决策者互相推动,全面提升评估能力和决策水平。     

卫生技术评估的国际经验及启示

比较详细地介绍了卫生技术评估的基本范畴、卫生技术评估在发达国家发展的经验以及我国的相关情况;分析了卫生技术评估发展的相关因素和支持条件;提出加快我国发展卫生技术评估的主要建议。     

英国和瑞典卫生技术评估的发展

英国和瑞典开展卫生技术评估较为成熟。对两国卫生技术评估的发展历程和主要机构进行回顾．希望从中汲取经验,进而对我国卫生技术评估的的发展起借鉴作用。     

我国卫生技术评估与决策转化研究概述

卫生技术评估在国际上已经得到广泛应用,并成为各国卫生决策的重要组成部分,发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文通过描述卫生技术的相关利益方,回顾卫生技术评估及转化的国际经验及潜在的影响因素,在结合我国卫生技术评估政策转化实际情况的基础上,提出了卫生技术评估知识转化程度测量、政策决策方和卫生技术评估研究方影响知识转化的因素挖掘以及转化程度测量等研究设想。     

卫生技术评估在医疗器械管理中的应用

卫生技术评估对于卫生政策和决策具有重要的支持作用。以卫生技术评估为重点讨论对象,从当前医疗机构医疗器械管理所面临的问题出发,探讨卫生技术评估在医疗器械管理中的应用,总结卫生技术评估的意义,并提出卫生技术评估在医疗器械领域的发展建议。     

卫生技术评估与卫生适宜技术研究

本文结合卫生技术评估,探讨卫生适宜技术评估的概念、内容、不足与对策,旨在进一步提高我国卫生适宜技术的评估与政策水平,为深入开展我国农村卫生适宜技术推广应用提供参考。     

价值重塑下的我国卫生技术评估发展与展望

基于价值的医疗服务供给是世界范围内的热点议题。通过系统梳理价值医疗内涵,分析价值重塑下我国卫生技术评估面临的挑战,提出建立科学的HTA运作机制,加强HTA筹资及服务购买机制建设,制定HTA方法指南、加强HTA相关数据库建设等建议,旨在为我国卫生事业高质量发展提供参考。     

Improving the Contribution of Regulatory Assessment Reports to Health Technology Assessments—A Collaboration between the European Medicines Agency and the European network for Health Technology Assessment

In response to a recommendation from the Pharmaceutical Forum, the European Medicines Agency and the European network for Health Technology Assessment initiated a collaboration with the aim to improve the contribution regulatory assessment reports can make to the assessment of relative effectiveness of medicinal products by health technology assessment bodies. This collaboration on improving European Public Assessment Reports (EPARs) started in February 2010 and was performed over 2 years. As a result, the templates for preparing EPARs were revised to better address the needs of heath technology organizations. The better understanding of information needs was a key outcome of the collaboration. To ascertain whether these template changes led to the inclusion of relevant information, a review of a small set of EPARs for recently approved medicinal products was carried out in parallel by both the European network for Health Technology Assessment and the European Medicines Agency. This report provides an account of this project on improving EPARs, which is part of the ongoing dialogue between regulators and health technology assessment bodies on a European level to support policymaker decisions in the future.     

2004-2010年广西医药卫生适宜技术推广奖项目统计分析

目的 统计分析广西医药卫生适宜技术推广奖项目,了解广西医药卫生系统的科研状况和技术水平,为制定科研规划提供依据.方法 对2004-2010年广西医药卫生适宜技术获奖申报资料和获奖项目建立数据库,统计学科、病种、属地、单位及基金项目等.结果 7年共获奖631项,其中一等奖54项占8.6％,二等奖187项占29.6％,三等奖390项占61.8％.学科分布主要在内科学、外科学、临床医学、中国医学、预防医学和卫生学及肿瘤学,占获奖项目的75.6％,内容主要是严重危害人民群众健康的常见病多发病、广西重大公共卫生问题和民族医药.地域主要集中在南宁市及柳州市.433项(68.6％)得到基金资助,144项(22.8％)同时获得广西科学技术成果进步奖.结论 广西医药卫生适宜技术推广奖是反映广西医疗药卫生研究和技术水平、解决医药卫生重大问题并有良好社会效益和经济效益的奖项.     

增量成本效果比在卫生技术评估中的应用

国际上增量成本效果比在卫生技术评估中得到了广泛的应用,为卫生决策制定提供了依据。本文综述了增量成本效果比的基本概念、意义及演进过程,并以案例分析详细阐述了其在卫生决策制定中的应用,以推动卫生技术评估成为我国合理利用卫生资源、提高卫生服务效率的有效方法和手段。     

Decision-Oriented Health Technology Assessment: One Step Forward in Supporting the Decision-Making Process in Hospitals

ObjectivesThis article outlines the Decision-Oriented Health Technology Assessment: a new implementation of the European network for Health Technology Assessment Core Model, integrating the multicriteria decision-making analysis by using the analytic hierarchy process to introduce a standardized methodological approach as a valued and shared tool to support health care decision making within a hospital.MethodsFollowing the Core Model as guidance (European network for Health Technology Assessment. HTA core model for medical and surgical interventions. Available from: http://www.eunethta.eu/outputs/hta-core-model-medical-and-surgical-interventions-10r. [Accessed May 27, 2014]), it is possible to apply the analytic hierarchy process to break down a problem into its constituent parts and identify priorities (i.e., assigning a weight to each part) in a hierarchical structure. Thus, it quantitatively compares the importance of multiple criteria in assessing health technologies and how the alternative technologies perform in satisfying these criteria. The verbal ratings are translated into a quantitative form by using the Saaty scale (Saaty TL. Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int J Serv Sci 2008;1:83–98). An eigenvectors analysis is used for deriving the weights’ systems (i.e., local and global weights’ system) that reflect the importance assigned to the criteria and the priorities related to the performance of the alternative technologies.ResultsCompared with the Core Model, this methodological approach supplies a more timely as well as contextualized evidence for a specific technology, making it possible to obtain data that are more relevant and easier to interpret, and therefore more useful for decision makers to make investment choices with greater awareness.ConclusionsWe reached the conclusion that although there may be scope for improvement, this implementation is a step forward toward the goal of building a “solid bridge” between the scientific evidence and the final decision maker’s choice.     

OECD国家的医学技术评估借鉴

医学技术评估作为一个新生事物，其重要性和实用性已越来越被各国所重视，成为一项国际性活动。主要以OECD国家为例，探计他们在利用干预机制影响医学技术的发展、传播及使用方面的一些经验教训。     

Health impact assessment: a tool for healthy public policy

Healthy Public Policy is one of the key health promotion actions. Advancement of Healthy Public Policy requires that the health consequences of policy should be correctly foreseen and that the policy process should be influenced so that those health consequences are considered. Health Impact Assessment is an approach that could assist in meeting both requirements. Policies often produce health impacts by multiple indirect routes, which makes prediction difficult. Prediction in Health Impact Assessment may be based on epidemiological models or on sociological disciplines. Health Impact Assessment must be based on an understanding of, and aim to add value to, the policy-making process. It must therefore conform to policy-making timetables, present information in a form that is policy relevant and fit the administrative structures of policy makers. Health Impact Assessment may be used to inform health advocacy but is distinct from it. There is a danger that Health Impact Assessment could be misunderstood as health imperialism.     

Development and Pilot Test of the Registry Evaluation and Quality Standards Tool: An Information Technology–Based Tool to Support and Review Registries

ObjectivesHealth technology assessment (HTA) bodies are increasingly making use of real-world evidence and data. High-quality registries could be an asset for this; nevertheless, there is a lack of specified standards to assess the quality of data in the registry, or the registry itself. The European Network for Health Technology Assessment Joint Action 3 led the work to develop a tool for the evaluation of clinical registries: the “Registry Evaluation and Quality Standards Tool” (REQueST).MethodsREQueST was developed in 4 steps: (1) A partnership between HTA bodies across Europe drafted the assessment criteria. (2) Multiple rounds of consultation across HTA bodies and the public domain developed an Excel version of REQueST. (3) This version was transformed into a web-based application. (4) An external pilot tested this REQueST tool with SMArtCARE and NeuroTransData registries.ResultsHaute Autorité de Santé, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, and the Croatian Institute of Public Health led the development of REQueST. Another 4 HTA bodies contributed regularly to development meetings, and all European Network for Health Technology Assessment partners were invited to contribute. Eight methodological, 12 essential, and 3 supplementary criteria were identified. Both pilot registries scored well, fulfilling the requirements for >70% of criteria, with none failed. Feedback by registry holders led to streamlining of the process and clarification of the criteria.ConclusionsThe REQueST tool uses an iterative and collaborative methodology with registry holders. It has the potential to maximize the utility of registry data for decision making by regulatory and HTA bodies and provides a foundation for future research.     

医疗器械临床试验准入评估模型构建及应用

依据《医疗器械临床试验质量管理规范》,参考丹麦卫生技术评估中心制定的Mini-卫生技术评估清单,结合医院实际,建立了医疗器械临床试验准入评估模型。该模型主要包括医院评估、器械评估、患者评估、机构评估及经济评估等5项指标、26项内容。实际应用中,确保了所承接的临床试验能在规定时间节点内顺利完成,并保障了试验质量和受益者权益。     

A comprehensive review of official discount rates in guidelines of health economic evaluations over time: the trends and roots

The European Journal of Health Economics - The question of discounting in health economics is anything but settled, so much so that a section of the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) guidelines is...