结核分支杆菌分子信标探针荧光芯片固定方式的研究

目的研究结核分支杆菌分子信标探针荧光芯片的固定方式。方法通过对传统生物素（biotin）-亲和素（avidin）连接方式和自行设计的单侧延长臂的分子信标连接方式的对比研究,对TB分子信标与芯片固定方式进行探索。结果生物素-亲和素（biotin-avidin）能很好地结舍在芯片上但这种修饰有相当技术难度;且生物素一亲和素连接无特异性。本设计单侧延长臂分子信标采用淬灭分子中间标记,茎结构单侧（淬灭分子一侧）延长臂,能很好的结合在芯片上,且修饰技术难度低、特异性高。结论单侧延长臂分子信标探针设计的发明及运用,初步解决了分子信标技术在芯片技术领域运用的固定难题。巧妙地把分子信标高特异性、高灵敏性等优势自然运用到芯片技术上。     

荧光显微观测Rpsl基因突变DNA分子探针杂交研究

目的选择结核杆菌耐链霉素（Sm）Rpsl基因包含88codon突变位点的序列设计分子信标,建立扩增体系及分子信标芯片检测方法。方法运用软件：Beacondesigner设计Rpsl基因包含88eodon突变位点的分子信标及及其单侧延长臂分子信标,建立其扩增体系及分子信标芯片检测方法,应用荧光显微镜观测荧光信号。结果通过荧光显微镜观测到标准株及耐SM株PCR产物与分子信标杂交后荧光信号区别明显;51株耐链霉素（SM）与10株H37RV标准株对照组荧光信号强度比较,P〈0．05和P〈0．01的耐SM组Rpsl基因88codon突变检出率为61％。结论分子信标技术是一种具有高灵敏核酸点突变检测技术。单侧延长臂分子信标对解决分子信标在芯片表面固定难题提供了一种有效方法,采用荧光显微镜观测荧光信号具有更强的荧光信号识别、放大功能及结果判断更准确等优点。     

PCR产物与结核分支杆菌分子信标杂交优化及荧光检测的初步实验研究

目的建立PCR反应后再加入结核分支杆菌分子信标杂交试验,优化杂交条件。并对分子信标PCR杂交产物荧光信号的观测条件进行摸索。方法通过对杂交温度、杂交时间以及杂交方式的优化,建立PCR反应后再加入TB分子信标杂交试验。运用荧光分光光度计和荧光显微镜对MBPCR杂交产物荧光信号的观测条件进行摸索。并进行不同荧光.淬灭分子对标记分子信标的观测试验。结果PCR反应后再加入TB分子信标杂交试验中水浴、PCR仪、恒温摇床的最适杂交温度和适杂时间分别为：55℃,6h;55℃,4h;50℃,7h。阴-阳性效果区分;水浴〉恒温摇床〉PCR仪。荧光分光光度仪检测MBPCR杂交阳性产物、MBPCR杂交阴性产物（茎环结构未打开）、无游离分子信标探针PCR产物（空白对照）三者的荧光光亮度比值为：6.102／0.136／0.003。荧光显微镜观测MBPCR杂交阳性产物、MBPCR杂交阴性产物（茎环结构未打开）荧光强度明显区别。本试验Cy3-BDH组成分子信标荧光-淬灭效率较cy3-DABCLYE高,FAM-DABCLYE组成分子信标荧光-淬灭效率较FAM-BDH高。结论建立起结核分支杆菌分子信标荧光芯片的检测技术,包括样本制备、芯片制备、杂交反应以及扫描和图像分析等方法。并兼顾到各种因素对单侧延长臂分子信标芯片的影响,对反应体系中各条件进行了合理的优化,使所建立的检测体系稳定可靠。     

探针浓度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响

目的 探讨探针浓度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响。方法 9种浓度的探针与同一浓度的靶序列在压电传感器阵列上进行杂交,计算机采集并分析传感器频率数据,比较各探针浓度下固定前后频率差,杂交达到平衡所需时间,杂交前后频率差,同时,根据较低浓度数据得出的杂交动力学参数。计算各浓度下的频率变化理论值。结果 随探针浓度增加,固定引起的频率变化值逐渐增加,杂交时间有缩短趋势,杂交前后的频率差值在探针浓度较低（1nmol/L-0.5μmol/L)时逐渐增大,而探;针浓度较高（1.0-3.5μmol/L)时反而减小,高浓度时杂交前后频率变化理论值与实际值存在明显差异。结论 在石英晶体传感器阵列上,基因杂交效率随探针浓度增加而增大,但探针浓度过高反而抑制杂交,其原因可能主要在于探针之间的空间构象关系和静电排斥。     

三种荧光标记法对寡核苷酸芯片杂交信号的影响

目的 观察标记引物法、随机渗入标记法、末端转移标记法三种荧光标记法对寡核苷酸芯片杂交信号的影响。方法 将淋球菌gyrA基因91位密码子突变型探针倍比稀释成终浓度为1000／μmol／L～0．25μmol／L的梯度浓度点样并制作寡核苷酸芯片，PCR扩增荧光标记包含gyrA基因突变的目的DNA片段，与芯片杂交，分别记录三种标记方法的杂交信号强度。结果 标记引物法的荧光信号最强，随机渗入标记法的荧光信号强度次之，其Cy5—duTP最佳浓度为0．1mmol／L(dTTP：Cy5—dUTP=10：1)，末端转移标记法反应时间在60min和120min时荧光信号值相近。点样的探针浓度达到31μmol／L，以上，荧光信号为平台期。结论 明确了三种荧光标记法对寡核苷酸芯片杂交信号的影响，有助于选择寡核苷酸芯片的荧光标记方法。     

发夹DNA探针检测乙胺丁醇耐药结核杆菌embB基因306密码子突变研究

目的:针对结核杆菌耐乙胺丁醇embB306codon位点,设计发夹DNA探针及其相应的单侧延长臂发夹DNA探针,建立发夹DNA探针芯片技术,并初步运用荧光显微镜观测探针与扩增产物杂交的荧光信号.方法:运用Beacon designer软件,设计embB基因包含306codon的发夹DNA探针及其相应的单侧延长臂发夹DNA探针,荧光显微镜检测embB306codon扩增片段与探针杂交后荧光信号,比较扩增产物测序结果.结果:通过荧光显微镜观测到结核标准株及embB306codon突变株PCR产物与探针杂交后荧光信号存在显著差异;33株耐乙胺丁醇组与10株H37RV标准株对照组荧光信号强度比较,耐乙胺丁醇组embB306codon突变检出率为66%,测序法突变检出率为69%.结论:embB306codon点突变是结核杆菌耐乙胺丁醇的主要原因;发夹DNA探针芯片技术可以有效检测单碱基靶点突变;应用荧光显微镜可以高灵敏地观测荧光芯片杂交靶点.     

乙型脑炎病毒靶序列浓度对LSAW基因传感器检测系统的影响

目的 探讨乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis vires,JEV)靶序列浓度值对漏声表面波(LSAW)基因传感器检测系统的影响.方法 LSAW基因传感器表面固定终浓度为0.5 μmol/L的JEV探针,然后用pH 7.6的10 mmol/L PBS缓冲液(含Na+ 0.3 mol/L)中和终浓度为0.05、0.1、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 μmoL/L的JEV靶序列杂交,分别记录相位变化及反应所需时间.结果 与JEV探针反应引起的相位变化是先缓慢上升后趋于缓和的趋势,以1.0 μmol/L靶序列浓度为分界线;杂交平衡时间上除0.05 μmol/L的时间短以外,其他的未见明显变化趋势,当靶序列浓度为1.0 μmol/L,杂交反应平衡时间为33 min.结论 随着靶序列浓度的升高,杂交反应引起的相位变化呈典型的饱和曲线趋势;靶序列浓度为1.0 μmol/L、杂交反应的平衡时间为33 min,是LSAW基因传感器杂交的最适反应条件.     

探针浓度对蛋白质-DNA相互作用新型压电生物传感器的影响

目的 探讨不同探针浓度对蛋白质-DNA相互作用新型压电生物传感器结合效应的影响.方法 将6种不同浓度NF-κB顺式作用元件(DNA)探针通过巯基化法固定在传感器的金膜表面,并与特异性蛋白NF-κB 的p65亚基进行结合反应,通过计算机采集分析传感器频率数据,观察不同浓度探针与p65亚基结合反应所引起的频率变化及反应所需的时间.结果 在DNA顺式作用元件探针浓度为0.25～3.0μmol/L的范围内,随着探针浓度的增加,p65蛋白与DNA探针结合反应所引起的传感器频率变化逐渐增加,当探针浓度为2.0μmol/L时所引起的频率变化与探针浓度为3.0μmol/L所引起的频率变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);同时p65蛋白与DNA的结合反应平衡时间随着探针浓度的增加有缩短趋势,当探针浓度为2.0μmol/L时,结合反应平衡时间最短为15min.结论 随着DNA探针浓度的增加,蛋白质-DNA结合反应引起的频率下降呈典型的饱和曲线趋势,探针浓度为2.0μmol/L、反应时间为15min,是蛋白质-DNA相互作用压电生物传感器的最适结合反应条件.     

缓冲液离子浓度对新型PNA-LSAW基因传感器杂交效应的影响

目的 探讨PBS缓冲液的离子浓度对构建的肽核酸(PNA)漏声表面波(LSAw)基因传感器杂交效应的影响.方法 将1.0μmol/L的PNA探针固定在LSAW基因传感器表面,分别加入10、20、50、100mmol/L的PBS缓冲液,观察不同离子浓度的PBS缓冲液对PNA-LSAW基因传感器杂交效应的影响,记录分析传感器相位的变化值及反应所需的时间.结果 当钠离子浓度从10mmol/L增加至100mmol/L时,传感器的相位变化呈先升高后降低的趋势,以20mmol/L为分水岭.而杂交平衡时间增加显著.结论 离子浓度极大地影响了杂交反应的时间,低盐离子浓度更有利于提高PNA和靶序列的杂交速率,高盐离子浓度则会大大降低PNA的结合速率.离子浓度为20mmol/L时杂交最为适宜.     

胆红素对新生儿脐血单核细胞表面分子的影响

目的 探讨胆红素对脐血单核细胞(CBMC)表面分子CD14CD86和HLA-DR表达的影响.方法 经含有不同浓度胆红素[0μmol/L(0mg/dl)、102.6μmol/L(6mg/dl)、153.9μmol/L(9mg/dl)、220.6μmol/L(12.9ms/dl)和307.8μmol/L(18mg/dl)]的牛血清白蛋白溶液中孵育1h,再给予脂多糖(LPS,1μg/ml)刺激48h,收集细胞.采用双色免疫荧光抗体标记-流式细胞仪技术检测细胞表面分子的表达.结果 胆红素可抑制CBMC共刺激分子CD14CD86和HLA-DR分子的表达,这种抑制作用在胆红素浓度为102.6μmol/L、153.9μmol/L、220.6μmol/L和307.8μmol/L时均很明显.随胆红素浓度的升高,对CBMC共刺激分子CD14CD86和HLA-DR分子表达的抑制作用越强.结论 胆红素抑制细胞表面分子的表达可能与胆红素破坏细胞膜结构,导致细胞坏死和凋亡的增多有关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.