Comparison of the efficacy of anti-VEGF monotherapy versus PDT and intravitreal anti-VEGF combination treatment in AMD: a Meta-analysis and systematic review

AIM: To compare the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monotherapy versus photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anti-VEGF combination treatment in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: A computerized online search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Studies that compared anti-VEGF monotherapy with PDT and anti-VEGF combination treatment of AMD and were designed as randomized controlled trials were included. The means and standard deviations of the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), number of treatments and proportions of patients who gained BCVA ≥15, 10, 5, or 0 letters at 12th month were extracted. A systematic review and Meta-analysis of the comparison of the two approaches was conducted using Review Manager 5.2. Subgroup. A sensitivity analysis was also performed. RESULTS: Eight studies were included. When the subgroup and sensitivity analysis was conducted, the results indicated that in the findings that included the monotherapy group and PDT (standard fluence, SF) group of Kaiser’s study, the patients in the monotherapy group had a better BCVA compared with the combination group at 12th month in the PDT (SF) subgroup [weighted mean difference (WMD): 3.54; 95%CI: 0.36 to 6.73; P=0.03], and there were more patients who gained ≥15 letters of BCVA in the monotherapy group compared with the combination group in the total result [odds ratio (OR): 1.41; 95%CI: 1.02 to 1.95; P=0.04]. The same conclusion was obtained in the total result that included the monotherapy group and PDT (reduced fluence, RF) group of Kaiser’s study (OR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.13 to 2.15; P=0.007). However, there were no significant differences in the other indexes between the two therapies. CONCLUSION: We found that anti-VEGF monotherapy is more effective on the recovery of visual acuity than combination therapy and more researches with lager sample size should be performed to study on the effect of the two therapy approaches on CRT and number of injections.     

Adverse events and complications associated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents: a review of literature

Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents is increasingly used for the treatment of a wide variety of retinal diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vascular occlusions, and retinopathy of prematurity. Despite encouraging results in halting the disease and improving the vision, intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents may be associated with systemic adverse events and devastating ocular complications. In this review, we provide an overview of safety data for intravitreal injection of common anti-VEGF agents.     

抗VEGF类药物与曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的Meta分析

背景 视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)是常见的视网膜血管病,黄斑水肿是其常见的并发症及患者视力下降的主要原因,玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)类药物及曲安奈德已成为治疗黄斑水肿的重要手段. 目的 系统评价抗VEGF类药物与曲安奈德治疗CRVO并发黄斑水肿的临床疗效. 方法 按照检索策略检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、EMbase、中国知网(CNKI)、维普(ViP)和万方数据库,查找关于抗VEGF药物与曲安奈德治疗CRVO并发黄斑水肿的临床对照试验.检索时限均为从建库至2015年9月,按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提取数据资料,并对纳入的文献进行质量评价.采用Revman 5.3软件对连续变量进行合并效应量检测.结果 共纳入7篇文献,共包括345例患者348眼患眼.抗VEGF药物组与曲安奈德组术后6个月最佳矫正视力和黄斑中心凹厚度比较差异均无统计学意义[平均差(MD)=-0.03,95％置信区间(CI):-0.11 ～0.05,P=0.52;MD=-15.37,95％ CI:-36.29～5.55,P=0.15],眼压比较差异有统计学意义(MD=-2.73,95％ C1:-3.59 ～-1.86,P＜0.000 01).曲安奈德组中22跟出现晶状体混浊,8眼出现眼压升高.抗VEGF药物组中仅2眼出现晶状体混浊. 结论 中期随访内,玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF类药物与曲安奈德均可提高CRVO并发黄斑水肿患者的最佳矫正视力并减轻黄斑水肿,二者疗效相当,但曲安奈德眼压升高等不良反应的发生率高于抗VEGF类药物.     

Clinical efficacy of intravitreal corticoid as an adjunctive therapy to anti-VEGF treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal corticoid as an adjunctive therapy to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD). METHODS: Four databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the clinicaltrials.gov were comprehensively searched for studies comparing intravitreal corticoid plus anti-VEGF (IVC/IVA) vs anti-VEGF monotherapy (IVA) in patients with nvAMD. GRADE profiler was used to assess the quality of outcomes. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and adverse events including the occurrence of severe elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and the progress of cataract were extracted from the eligible studies. Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There was no statistic difference of mean change in BCVA at 6 and 12mo between IVC/IVA and IVA group [95% confidence interval (CI): -2.28 to 4.24, P=0.55; 95%CI: -3.01 to 8.70, P=0.34]. No statistic difference was found in the change of CMT between two groups at 6mo time point (95%CI: -17.98 to 16.42, P=0.93) while the CMT reduction in IVC/IVA group was significantly more obvious than IVA group at 12mo time point [mean difference (MD)=-44.08, 95%CI: -80.52 to -7.63, P=0.02]. The risk of occurrence of severe elevation of IOP in the IVC/IVA group was higher than that in the IVA group (95%CI: 1.92 to 9.48; P=0.0004). Cataract progression risk was calculated no statistic difference between two groups (95%CI: 0.74 to 4.66; P=0.18). CONCLUSION: No visual or anatomical benefits are observed in IVC/IVA group at 6mo. At 12mo, the CMT of the IVC/IVA group is significantly lower than that of the IVA group. Risk of severe elevation of IOP is significantly higher when treated by IVC/IVA.     

Combined therapy versus anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) versus anti-VEGF monotherapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). METHODS: We conducted a Meta-analysis of 9 studies to compare the efficacy and safety between combined therapy and anti-VEGF monotherapy for PCV. The programs of RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 were used to analyze data. RESULTS: The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in combined therapy group were significantly better than those of anti-VEGF monotherapy group at 6, 24 and 36mo, with pooled weighted means differences (WMDs) of 0.12 (0.06, 0.18), 0.25 (0.12, 0.38) and 0.28 (0.13, 0.43), respectively. The central retinal thickness (CRT) reductions in combined therapy group were higher than that in anti-VEGF monotherapy group at 1, 3, 6 and 9mo, with pooled WMDs of 63.90 (20.41, 107.38), 33.47 (4.69, 62.24), 30.57 (0.12, 60.01) and 28.00 (2.51, 53.49), respectively. The regression rate of polyps in combined therapy group was much higher than that in anti-VEGF monotherapy group [RD: 0.47 (0.26, 0.68); P<0.0001]. The adverse event retinal hemorrhage did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our findings clearly document that anti-VEGF combined with PDT is a more effective therapy for PCV compared with anti-VEGF monotherapy. Furthermore, combined therapy does not increase the incidence of retinal hemorrhage.     

Clinical and microbial spectrum of fungal keratitis in Singapore: a 5-year retrospective study

Background: The epidemiology of fungal keratitis varies geographically, but commonly occurs in warm, tropical climates. To determine the microbial and clinical characteristics of this disease in Singapore, we conducted a5-year hospital-based retrospective study. Methods: A retrospective reviewo f culture-positive fungal keratitis at the Singapore National Eye Center and Singapore General Hospital, from January 1991 to December 1995. Results: Twenty-nine consecutive cases of culture-positive fungal keratitis were seen over the study period. The mean age of the cases was 41 years and 23 were males. Amongst the varied occupations, 9 were construction workers. The most common cultured organisms were Fusarium sp. (52%) and Aspergillus flavus (17%). More than half had a history of ocular trauma prior to the development of keratitis, while a quarter had antecedent topical corticosteroid therapy. In contrast, only 2 patients were contact-lens wearers. Despite medical therapy, 10 patients eventually required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasties; of these, 6 were caused by Fusarium species. Conclusion: Fusarium is the commonest cultured organism in fungal keratitis in Singapore and is associated with significant ocular morbidity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema in vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) for diabetic macular edema (DME) in vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, EBSCO were comprehensively searched for studies comparing vitrectomized and non-vitrectomized eyes with DME. Clinical outcomes of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), the mean number of intravitreal injection and adverse events were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: Six studies involving 641 eyes were included. Final visual gain significantly improved and CMT significantly reduced in vitrectomized eyes at 6mo and 12mo visits (P<0.05). Although the mean reduction in CMT among non-vitrectomized eyes was significantly greater than in vitrectomized eyes at the 6mo [mean difference (MD)=53.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 28.03 to 78.72, P<0.0001] and 12mo (MD=49.65, 95%CI: 19.58 to 79.72, P=0.01), no significant difference was detected in improvement in BCVA at either 6mo (MD=0.05, 95%CI: -0.02 to 0.13, P=0.14) or 12mo (MD=0.03, 95%CI: -0.04 to 0.09, P=0.43). Injection number of ranibizumab in non-vitrectomized eyes was significantly less than that in vitrectomized eyes during 6-month period (MD=0.60, 95%CI: 0.16 to 1.04, P=0.008), while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups during 12mo of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Evidence from current study suggests that IVR was useful for both vitrectomized group and non-vitrectomized group with DME. Although less reduction in macular thickness is found in vitrectomized group, visual improvement between two groups is similar.     

康柏西普与雷珠单抗治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的Meta分析

目的:系统比较康柏西普和雷珠单抗治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)的疗效和安全性,为临床指导用药提供依据。方法:全网综合检索关于玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普和雷珠单抗治疗RVO-ME的临床随机对照试验文献,对纳入文献进行风险评估,并提取相关数据指标。采用RevMan 5.3软件进行数据分析,并采用Egger检验评价发表偏倚。结果:本研究纳入文献14篇,共计1 350眼。康柏西普组和雷珠单抗组患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)在治疗后2wk,2、3、6mo无明显差异,但在治疗后1wk[WMD=-0.03,95%CI(-0.05,-0.02),P<0.0001]和1mo[WMD=-0.03,95%CI(-0.04,-0.01),P=0.001]康柏西普组患者BCVA相比雷珠单抗组较好。两组患者黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)在治疗后1、2wk,1、2、3mo无明显差异,但在治疗后6mo[WMD=-28.77,95%CI(-54.23,-3.31),P=0.03]康柏西普组患者黄斑水肿减轻程度相比雷珠单抗组更明显。玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普和雷珠单抗产生的不良反应情况无差异[OR=0.95,95%CI(0.57,1.57),P=0.84],但康柏西普的平均注射次数较少。结论:康柏西普和雷珠单抗均可改善BCVA,降低CMT,二者在后期视力改善方面无差异,但康柏西普在改善CMT方面更具优势,且注射次数少,费用低。     

Determination of surgical outcomes with a novel formulation of intrastromal natamycin in recalcitrant fungal keratitis: A pilot study

Purpose:To evaluate the outcomes of water-soluble intrastromal natamycin (IS-NTM) as an adjunct therapy for recalcitrant fungal keratitis.Methods:This was a prospective interventional pilot study in the setting of a tertiary eye-care center. Twenty eyes of 20 consecutive patients with microbiologically proven recalcitrant fungal keratitis (ulcer size >2 mm, depth >50%, and not responding to topical NTM for 2 weeks) were recruited. The selected patients were injected with a novel composition of IS-NTM (10 ug/0.1 mL, soluble natamycin) prepared aseptically in the ocular pharmacology department. All the patients continued using topical NTM suspension 5% 4-hourly until the ulcer healed. Repeat injections were undertaken after 72 h depending on the clinical response and all the patients were followed till 6 months.Results:The mean age of the patients was 40.42 ± 10.09 years. The mean duration of the presentation was 20.8 ± 5.1 days. The most commonly isolated organisms were Aspergillus sp. (12/20, 60%) and Fusarium sp. (8/20, 40%). No patient had iatrogenic perforation or precipitate formation after IS-NTM injection. The overall cure rate with IS-NTM was 95% (19/20 patients). The number of patients who healed with the 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd injection was 13, 5, and 1, respectively. One (5%) had no response to treatment and was subjected to penetrating keratoplasty. The average time taken for the resolution of the epithelial defect, stromal infiltrates, and hypopyon was 34 ± 5.2 days, 35.3 ± 6.4 days, and 15 ± 2.5 days. Healing with deep vascularization and cataract was noted in 6/19 eyes (31%) and 13/19 eyes (68.42%), respectively.Conclusion:Intrastromal injection of a novel formulation of NTM holds a promising role as adjunctive therapy to topical NTM in the management of recalcitrant filamentous fungal keratitis. The preliminary results are encouraging and further studies are required to validate the results.     

CD36 gene is associated with intraocular pressure elevation after intravitreal application of anti-VEGF agents in patients with age-related macular degeneration: Implications for the safety of the therapy

Background: The wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by pathological vascularization of the outer retinal layers. The condition responds to treatment with antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but the patients receiving such anti-VEGF therapy sometimes show undesirable acute short-term increases in the intraocular pressure (IOP). The cause of this adverse effect is unknown, and here, we are testing a hypothesis that it is related to CD36 gene polymorphisms.

Materials and Methods: A group of 134 patients with AMD were given three therapeutic doses of anti-VEGF antibody (ranibizumab) at monthly intervals. Their IOP was measured immediately before and 30 min after each injection. Patients’ DNA was analyzed, and the changes in IOP were matched against seven polymorphisms of the CD36 gene.

Results: Three polymorphisms were found to be associated with increases in IOP: rs1049673 (p = 0.006), rs3211931 (p = 0.01), and rs1761667 (p = 0.043) at the time of the third injection only. Pronounced elevations (IOP > 25 mmHg) were associated with rs1049673 polymorphism: GC genotype (p < 0.01) and CC genotype (p < 0.05); both increasing the risk 2.6-fold, the presence of C-allele conferring a 1.5-fold greater risk and with rs3211931 polymorphism: AG genotype (p < 0.01) and GG genotype (p < 0.05); increasing the risk 2.6-fold (AG) and 2.7-fold (GG).

Conclusions: CD36 receptor may be involved in mediating the effects of VEGF on IOP. The findings will help to identify the patients at risk of acutely elevated IOP following the anti-VEGF therapy.     

Natamycin in the treatment of fungal keratitis:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

AIM: To review published clinical studies examining the effect of natamycin in the treatment of fungal keratitis.METHODS:We selected the publications in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CNKI, and CBM. This study systematically reviewed published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared natamycin to other antifungal agents, and conducted feasible Meta-analysis of efficacy results using Revman 5.2 software.RESULTS: We included seven trials which were mainly carried out in developing countries of Asia, with five trials conducted in India, one each in China and Bangladesh. A total of 804 participants were randomized to following comparisons:2% econazole versus 5% natamycin showed little difference in the effects of treatment of fungal keratitis [RR=0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8 to 1.21]; chlorhexidine gluconate versus 5% natamycin indicated that the results on healing of the ulcer at 21d was less conclusive (RR=0.77, 95% CI, 0.55 to 1.08; I²=0%); 1% voriconazole versus 5% natamycin suggested that natamycin treatment appeared to be significantly better outcomes than voriconazole (regression coefficient =-0.18 logMAR; 95% CI, -0.30 to -0.05; P=0.006), especially in Fusarium cases (regression coefficient=-0.41 logMAR; 95% CI, -0.61 to -0.20; P<0.001); natamycin versus fluconazole showed a significant difference in cure rate (χ² =5.048, P<0.05) and natamycin group was more effective than fluconazole in average period of therapy (t=7.94, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Natamycin was a preferable choice in the treatment of fungal keratitis, especially in the early period of Fusarium cases.     

Combined photodynamic therapy and intravitreal bevacizumab injection for the treatment of adult Coats' disease: a case report

A 68-year-old woman presented with a visual field defect in her right eye. The fundus of her right eye showed multiple telangiectatic vessels, retinal hemorrhages, and subretinal exudates in the inferior peripheral retina. Nine months later, the subretinal exudates extended to the fovea despite treatment with laser photocoagulation. Cryotherapy was not possible at the time because of the posterior location of the retinal telangiectatic vessels. She was treated with a combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and intravitreal bevacizumab injection: three injections were given at 2-month intervals. After this combined therapy, her right fundus revealed a significant regression of abnormal retinal vessels and subretinal exudates. A fluorescein angiography showed no leakage from the abnormal retinal vessels. At 9 months after the combined therapy, she was able to maintain a stable visual acuity and visual field. This is the first case report that demonstrates the efficacy of the combined treatment of PDT and intravitreal bevacizumab injection in Coats's disease. This combined therapy is a kind of treatment modality for adult Coats' disease in cases which cryotherapy cannot be employed and are refractory to laser photocoagulation.     

Decision-making in the therapy of external eye disease: noninfected corneal ulcers

Despite diverse and multiple clinical etiologies, the pathogenesis of noninfected corneal ulcers consistently relates to persistent or extensive epithelial defects, concomitant with stromal inflammatory cell infiltration and enzymatic degradation of collagen and ground substance. The therapeutic approaches to these disorders may be considered on three levels: (1) the determination of etiology and initiation of primary therapy; (2) promotion of epithelial healing; and (3) limitation of ulceration and support of repair, the latter aspects currently featuring pharmacologic management and limited surgical modalities, particularly the use of tissue adhesive.     

Recurrence risk factors of intravitreal ranibizumab monotherapy in retinopathy of prematurity: a retrospective study at one center

AIM: To identify risk factors of recurrence of this disorder after intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) monotherapy.METHODS: Totally 33 eyes of 19 patients who underwent initial IVR treatments for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at our center were retrospectively reviewed between April 1, 2016 and December 31, 2017. Patient demographics, the side of ROP, multiple gestations, Apgar scores, zone, stage, plus disease, postmenstrual age at injection, surfactant therapy, blood transfusion therapy, hemorrhage before IVR, hemorrhage after IVR, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy-induced hypertension, anemia, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, carbohemia, and congenital heart defects were recorded. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals were determined after adjusting for potential confounders using multivariate proportional Cox regression.RESULTS: Of the 33 eyes, 12 (36.4%) had ROP recurrences 45.3 (5.1, 50.9)mo after initial IVR treatments. The independent risk factors for ROP recurrences were zone (¢ò vs ¢ñ, HR: 0.056, P=0.003) and gestational diabetes mellitus (no vs yes, HR: 0.095, P<0.001). The mean uncorrected visual acuity for four recurrence eyes was 0.46 logMAR (0.13, 0.70) at 55.0 (51.0, 58.9) mo after the initial IVR treatment. The mean uncorrected visual acuity for 10 eyes without recurrence was 0.46 logMAR (0.19, 0.63) at 48.0 (43.8, 58.4) mo after the initial IVR treatment.CONCLUSION: Two independent risk factors for type 1 ROP recurrence after IVR treatment involving zone¢ñand gestational diabetes mellitus are identified, and the mean uncorrected visual acuity is 0.46 logMAR at 51.0 (44.0, 58.9)mo. The findings of this study are important for follow-up management and for improving the visual function of ROP patients.     

Combined photodynamic therapy and intravitreal triamcinolone injection for the treatment of subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation in age related macular degeneration: a comparative study

AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of combined intravitreal triamcinolone (IVTA) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin in the treatment of subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) caused by age related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: 48 eyes from 48 patients with subfoveal CNV caused by AMD were prospective recruited, with 24 eyes treated with combined PDT with IVTA and compared with a control group of 24 eyes which received PDT monotherapy. In the combined treatment group, IVTA was performed immediately after PDT as an outpatient procedure. The mean number of treatments, mean logMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mean line of visual acuity changes, and proportion of patients without moderate visual loss at 1 year were compared between the combined and monotherapy groups. RESULTS: At 1 year the logMAR BCVA for the PDT with IVTA group changed from 0.88 to 0.95 (p = 0.32 compared with baseline), whereas the logMAR BCVA for the monotherapy group reduced from 0.74 to 1.09 (p<0.001 compared with baseline). A significantly higher proportion of patients who had PDT with IVTA did not develop moderate visual loss at 1 year compared with the monotherapy group (70.8% and 33.3% respectively, p = 0.009). Eyes which had combined treatment had significantly fewer lines lost compared with monotherapy alone (0.7 and 3.5 lines respectively, p = 0.015). Subgroup analysis showed that PDT with IVTA is effective in preventing visual loss in both predominately classic and occult CNV groups. The mean number of treatments for the combined and monotherapy groups was 1.5 and 1.96 respectively (p = 0.076). CONCLUSIONS: Combined PDT with IVTA appeared more effective statistically at 12 months for stabilisation of vision (<3 logMAR lines change) compared with PDT monotherapy. Further randomised control trials might be justified to conclude the efficacy of PDT with IVTA.     

比较贝伐单抗和MMC辅助小梁切除术效果的Meta分析

目的：比较贝伐单抗与丝裂霉素C( mitomycin C,MMC)辅助小梁切除术治疗青光眼的有效性和安全性。
　　方法：计算机检索 PubMed、CBM、VIP、CNKI 和万方数据库,查找所有比较贝伐单抗与MMC辅助小梁切除术治疗青光眼效果的随机对照试验( randomized controlled trials, RCTs),检索时限均为建库至2016-06-30。同时按纳入和排除标准由两名评价员独立进行RCT的筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入4项研究,总计286眼(贝伐单抗组143眼, MMC组143眼)。 Meta分析结果显示：(1)有效性：贝伐单抗组与MMC组术后随访末次眼压( intraocular pressure, IOP)(WMD=2.21,95% CI：-0.17~4.58,P=0.07)和手术完全成功率(OR=0.69,95% CI：0.26~1.81,P=0.45)均无统计学差异;两组患者随访末次抗青光眼药物使用数量(OR=0.12,95% CI：-0.15~0.39,P=0.39)相似,结果无统计学意义。(2)安全性：两组患者术后并发症发生率相同,无统计学差异,低眼压(OR=0.7,95% CI：0.12~4.05, P=0.69)、滤泡漏(OR=1,95% CI：0.21~4.74,P=1)、包囊型滤泡(OR=1.15,95% CI：0.38~3.44,P=0.81)、脉络膜脱离(OR=1.22,95% CI：0.29~5.22,P=0.78)和白内障(OR=1.15,95% CI：0.38~3.44,P=0.81)。
　　结论：小梁切除术联合贝伐单抗与联合MMC治疗青光眼具有相似的疗效和安全性,贝伐单抗并不能更有效地降低眼压,临床医师应根据患者疾病特点选择适合药物辅助手术。