Analysis of the rates of emulsification in intraocular silicone oil tamponades of differing viscosities

AIM:To investigate the rates of emulsification in silicone oil(SO)tamponades of differing viscosities used during pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)in the treatment of complicated vitreoretinal diseases.METHODS:This study was a prospective randomized clinical trial.Totally 290 cases with greater likelihoods of secondary detachment were included and randomly grouped into either Siluron 2000(n=143)or Siluron 5000(n=147)SO tamponades with 23-gauge PPV.Patient followups and data analyses were conducted 1,3,6,and 12 mo post-surgery.RESULTS:The time of the SO emulsification ranged from 1 to 17 mo,with a mean of 7.3±4.2 mo.The Siluron 5000 group showed a slower emulsification rate in comparison to the Siluron 2000 group.The Siluron 2000 group took a shorter time to show signs of emulsification,necessitating earlier SO removal.However,there were no significant differences in the occurrence of complications,including secondary retinal detachment,cataract,corneal abnormality,high intraocular pressure and hypotony.CONCLUSION:The Siluron 2000 SO tamponade shows a faster rate of emulsification than the Siluron 5000 SO,necessitating earlier removal.Both groups show similar results in terms of anatomical success and visual acuity outcome,and there is no significant difference between the SOs regarding the occurrence of complications.     

抗VEGF与激光治疗1型早产儿视网膜病变的Meta分析

目的:系统评价抗VEGF与激光治疗1型早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的疗效分析。方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、CBM、The Cochrane Library、WanFang Data、CNKI和VIP数据库,收集比较抗VEGF与激光用于治疗1型ROP疗效的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均从建库至2020-01-06,按照纳入与排除标准提取资料,行质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入6个RCT。Meta分析结果显示:抗VEGF与激光组相比,复发率无差异[RR=0.94,95%CI(0.17~5.23),P=0.94];亚组分析Ⅰ区有差异[RR=0.17,95%CI(0.05~0.62),P=0.007];Ⅱ区无差异[RR=2.20,95%CI(0.07~73.48),P=0.66]。与激光组相比,再治疗率无差异[RR=2.36,95%CI(0.70~7.99),P=0.17],亚组分析Ⅰ区无差异[RR=0.33,95%CI(0.01~7.50),P=0.49];Ⅱ区有差异[RR=13,95%CI(1.84~92.01),P=0.01]。两者不良反应发生率无差异[RR=0.87,95%CI(0.54~1.40),P=0.57]。结论:激光和抗VEGF疗效相当,但在降低Ⅰ区复发率方面抗VEGF则更有优势,降低Ⅱ区再治疗率方面激光更有优势。     

玻璃体腔注射贝伐单抗和雷珠单抗治疗1型ROP疗效的Meta分析

目的:评价玻璃体腔注射贝伐单抗(IVB)和雷珠单抗(IVR)治疗1型早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的疗效。方法:通过检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、CQVIP、CBM、OVID、中国知网和万方数据库,检索时间为建库至2020-04-01。纳入所有比较IVB和IVR治疗ROP疗效的研究。由两位研究员进行独立的数据提取和质量评估。使用Review Manager 5.3软件进行统计分析。本研究观察的主要结局指标为再治疗率,次要结局指标包括:完全血管化比例和等效球镜度。结果:共纳入了8篇病例对照研究,共885眼。与IVB治疗组相比,IVR治疗组有更高的再治疗率(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.34~0.88,P<0.05)及更低的等效球镜度数(WMD=-1.44,95%CI:-2.28~-0.00,P<0.05),对于完全血管化比例,两组比较无差异(OR=2.15,95%CI:0.80~0.576,P>0.05)。结论:IVR和IVB治疗1型ROP均可以完成视网膜的完全血管化,但两种治疗方法各有优势,IVR对于儿童屈光的影响较小,但在降低再发率方面其作用较IVB差。     

重度早产儿视网膜病变早期治疗后眼屈光状态研究进展

临床上发现在早产儿视网膜病变阈值期、阈值前期I型以及急进性后部型的患儿行早期治疗,如冷凝治疗、激光光凝治疗、玻璃体内注射抗血管内皮生长因子药物后,对眼部结构、眼球发育和眼屈光状态有影响,不同治疗方法间也有差异.本文旨在对近年来重度早产儿视网膜病变早期治疗术后眼的屈光状态研究进行综述.     

Combination of Intravitreal Ranibizumab and Laser Photocoagulation for Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity

Purpose

To report on 2 cases of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis^®) and laser photocoagulation.

Methods

Two premature females, born at 25 and 26 weeks’ gestation with a birth weight of 530 and 550 g, respectively, with aggressive posterior ROP received combined treatment with laser photocoagulation and intravitreal ranibizumab (0.3 mg [30 µl]) to each eye. Structural outcomes were evaluated by indirect ophthalmoscopy and documented by retinography.

Results

An intravitreal injection was made at 34 weeks of postmenstrual age in the first case, followed by laser photocoagulation 1 week later. There was a partial regression of ROP with treatment. Five weeks later, neovascularization regrowth with bleeding in both eyes (intraretinal and subhyaloid) occurred and retreatment with combined therapy was performed. In the second case, single therapy with laser photocoagulation was made at 34 weeks of postmenstrual age. In spite of the confluent photocoagulation in the avascular area, progression to 4A ROP stage occurred 1 week later. Both eyes were retreated 1 week later with intravitreal ranibizumab and laser photocoagulation. Treatment resulted in ROP regression in both cases. There were no signs of systemic or ocular adverse side effects.

Conclusion

The cases presented show that combination therapy of indirect laser photocoagulation and intravitreal ranibizumab can be effective in the management of aggressive posterior ROP. Further investigation on anti-VEGF safety in premature infants is necessary. Additional studies are needed to define the role of anti-VEGF in ROP treatment.Key Words: Retinopathy of prematurity, Laser photocoagulation, Ranibizumab, Anti-VEGF therapy     

玻璃体注射Bevacizumab治疗26例Ⅰ区早产儿视网膜病变

目的：评价玻璃体注射 bevacizumab 治疗26例Ⅰ区早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)的治疗效果。方法：通过回顾性研究,对2013-09/2014-10确诊为Ⅰ区阈值期 ROP 并行玻璃体注射 bevacizumab 治疗的26例患儿分三组(阈值前期Ⅰ型 ROP、阈值期 ROP、急进型后极部早产儿视网膜病变-APROP),进行术后效果分析比较。结果：治疗Ⅰ区高危性阈值期 ROP 患儿26例52眼。其中阈值前期Ⅰ型 ROP 3例6眼,阈值期 ROP 15例30眼, APROP 8例16眼。治疗阈值期Ⅰ型 ROP、阈值期 ROP 和APROP 的一次手术治愈率分别为100%(6/6)、60%(18/30)和75%(12/16),三组之间手术治愈率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。
　　结论：玻璃体腔内注射 bevacizumab 治疗Ⅰ区 ROP 的临床疗效明确,比传统光凝术治疗具有一定优越性,可作为 I区 ROP 的一线治疗方法。     

Pharmacological treatment for retinopathy of prematurity

Mandatory screening performed by an experience ophthalmologist remains the most important pillar in the management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The current gold standard for treatment of proliferative ROP is still panretinal laser photocoagulation, depending on severity, in combination with vitreoretinal surgery if necessary. The first case series of off-label intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment are encouraging. In addition to intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy, other treatment concepts such as supplementation with IGF-1 or omega-3 fatty acids also represent interesting pharmacological approaches to the management of ROP. However, larger controlled trials are required to validate the benefits and safety of these systemic treatment approaches.     

Increased incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and evolving treatment modalities at a Canadian tertiary centre

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and severity of disease at a large Canadian tertiary care centre, as well as to determine risk factors for disease and current treatment practices.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at McMaster Children’s Hospital, who underwent screening for retinopathy of prematurity between August 2010 and August 2016.ResultsThe overall incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was 67.1% (418/623 infants); severe retinopathy of prematurity was seen in 14.3% (89/623). This signified an increase compared to our previous study at the same institution, where the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was 40.4% and severe retinopathy of prematurity was 9.2% between 2006 and 2010. Stage 1 disease showed the greatest increase, from 9.0% (38/423) to 21.0% (131/623). Our cohort had a higher proportion of infants born at 24 weeks GA or less (15.7% vs 8.7%). Predictors of retinopathy of prematurity in a multivariate regression model were gestational age (OR = 0.829, p = 0.002), birth weight (OR = 0.712, p = 0.003) and length of NICU stay (OR = 0.844, p = 0.00). Treatment was performed in 10.5% (44/418) of infants with retinopathy of prematurity, with infants earlier in the study period mainly receiving laser photocoagulation and infants born in more recent years receiving intravitreal bevacizumab.ConclusionsThere has been an increase in retinopathy of prematurity incidence, both in early (stage 1) disease and in severe retinopathy of prematurity. This is partially explained by the almost doubling of the proportion of infants born at 24 weeks gestational age or less. Since mid-2013, intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy has replaced laser photocoagulation as the preferred treatment modality.This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.     

Pharmakologische Therapie der Fr��hgeborenenretinopathie

Mandatory screening performed by an experience ophthalmologist remains the most important pillar in the management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The current gold standard for treatment of proliferative ROP is still panretinal laser photocoagulation, depending on severity, in combination with vitreoretinal surgery if necessary. The first case series of off-label intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment are encouraging. In addition to intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy, other treatment concepts such as supplementation with IGF-1 or omega-3 fatty acids also represent interesting pharmacological approaches to the management of ROP. However, larger controlled trials are required to validate the benefits and safety of these systemic treatment approaches.     

湖北地区早产儿视网膜病变筛查结果及相关因素分析

目的 了解湖北地区早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的发病情况以及相关影响因素。方法 2009年7月至2011年5月对出生胎龄＜37周的313例早产儿的626只眼采用双目间接检眼镜和二代广角数码视网膜成像系统（RetcamⅡ）进行了ROP筛查。其中,男性200例, 女性113例。出生体重890～3500 g,平均出生体重（1977.37±497.03） g。出生胎龄26～37周,平均出生胎龄（33.13±2.44）周。根据筛查结果分为ROP组和无ROP组。所有ROP患儿均随访至视网膜完全血管化;如视网膜未能完全血管化则随访至视网膜情况稳定或进行激光光凝治疗。同时对两组间性别、出生胎龄、出生体重、妊娠年龄、分娩方式、试管婴儿、多胎妊娠、孕期吸氧、宫内缺氧、子痫、先兆流产、婴儿吸氧史、呼吸窘迫综合征、缺血缺氧性脑病、黄疸、蓝光照射治疗等相关因素进行统计学分析。结果313例626只眼中,ROP组52例87只眼,分别占早产儿人数及眼数的16.61%和13.90%。其中,急进性后部型ROP 2只眼;1期38只眼;2期36只眼;3期11只眼。无ROP组261人539只眼,分别占受检早产儿人数及眼数的83.39%和86.10%。接受激光光凝治疗20只眼。统计学分析结果显示,ROP组和无ROP组在出生胎龄（t=-4.348）、出生体重（t=-3.966）、婴儿吸氧史(χ2=9.05;比值比=3.403,95%可信区间1.475~7.854)间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。性别、妊娠年龄、分娩方式、试管婴儿、多胎妊娠、孕期吸氧、宫内缺氧、子痫、先兆流产、呼吸窘迫综合征、缺血缺氧性脑病、黄疸、蓝光照射治疗两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论湖北地区ROP发生率为16.61％;出生胎龄、出生体重、婴儿吸氧史是影响ROP发病率的重要影响因素。     

Intravitreal bevacizumab to treat retinopathy of prematurity in 865 eyes: a study to determine predictors of primary treatment failure and recurrence

International Ophthalmology - This study aimed to evaluate the rate and risk factors for primary failure and recurrence after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)....     

Influence of polymorphisms in VEGF, ACE, TNF and GST genes on the susceptibility to retinopathy of prematurity among Chinese infants

AIM: To investigate common polymorphisms in VEGF, ACE, TNF and GST genes with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) risk among Chinese infants. METHODS: Nine polymorphisms in the above genes were genotyped on 724 advanced cases of ROP and 878 prematurely-born infants of low birth weight who were without any ophthalmologic disease. The frequencies of the polymorphisms were compared between cases and controls to identify the association present, if any. RESULTS: Of the nine polymorphisms, only two showed significant associations: ACE insertion deletion (ID) polymorphism (P=0.031) and TNF -308G/A polymorphism (P<0.001). The former was associated with a reduced ROP risk [ID genotype, adjusted OR (aOR): 0.603, 95%CI: 0.427-0.893, P=0.034; DD genotype, aOR: 0.468, 95%CI: 0.229-0.626, P=0.002], while the latter showed an increased risk (GA genotype, aOR: 1.956, 95%CI: 1.396-2.465, P<0.001; AA genotype, aOR: 2.809, 95%CI: 1.802-4.484, P<0.001). The association was also noted at the allele level (ACE D allele aOR: 0.698, 95%CI: 0.294-0.883, P<0.001; TNF -308A allele aOR: 1.776, 95%CI: 1.446-2.561, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The ACE ID polymorphism can protect against ROP development while the TNF -308G/A can increase the risk of the disease among Chinese infants.     

Neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity

Over the past decade there has been a paradigm shift in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with the introduction of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatments. Anti-VEGF agents have the advantages of being easier to administer, requiring less anesthesia, having the potential for improved peripheral vision, and producing less refractive error than laser treatment. On the other hand, it is known that intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF agents lowers VEGF levels in the blood and raises the theoretical concern of intraocular anti-VEGF causing deleterious effects in other organ systems, including the brain. As a result, there has been increased attention recently on neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants treated with anti-VEGF agents. These studies should be put into context with what is known about systemic comorbidities, socioeconomic influences, and the effects of extreme prematurity itself on neurodevelopmental outcomes. We summarize what is known about neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants with ROP, discuss the implications for determining the neurodevelopmental status using neurodevelopmental testing as well as other indicators, and review the existing literature relating to neurodevelopmental outcomes in babies treated for ROP.     

Comparison of conbercept and ranibizumab for the treatment efficacy of diabetic macular edema: a Meta-analysis and systematic review

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) and ranibizumab (IVR) in patients with diabetic macular edema. METHODS: Reviewers have searched 12 databases, including PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, ScienceDirect, OVID, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, cqVIP, WanFangdata and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), up to December 28, 2018. RevMan 5.3 (Cochrane Library Software, Oxford, UK) was employed for statistical analysis. Fixed and random effects models were applied to assess heterogeneity. Odds ratio (OR) was applied for dichotomous variables; weighted mean difference (WMD) was applied for continuous variables. The confidence interval (CI) was set at 95%. Central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were employed to analyze the improvement of DME patients. Inclusion criteria for picking out studies were retrospective studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared IVC and IVR for the treatment of diabetic macular edema. RESULTS: Four retrospective studies and five RCTs were included with a total of 609 patients. No statistically significant difference was observed in mean CMT and mean BCVA in the baseline parameters [BCVA (WMD: -0.48; 95%CI: -1.06 to 0.10; P=0.1), CMT (WMD: -0.83; 95%CI: -15.15 to 13.49; P=0.91). No significant difference was found in the improvement of BCVA and adverse event (AE) in IVC group, compared with IVR group after treatment of loading dosage [the 1st month BCVA (WMD: 0.01; 95%CI: -0.26 to 0.27; P=0.96), the 3rd month BCVA (WMD: -0.04; 95%CI: -0.14 to 0.06; P=0.46); the 6th month BCVA (WMD: -0.24; 95%CI: -1.62 to 1.14; P=0.73)], AE (OR: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.38 to 1.84; P=0.66)]. A slight difference was found in the effectiveness rate (OR: 1.70; 95%CI: 0.97 to 2.96; P=0.06), There were statistically significant differences between IVC and IVR treatment in terms of CMT [1st month CMT (WMD: -19.88; 95%CI: -27.94 to -11.82; P<0.001), 3rd month CMT (WMD: -23.31; 95%CI: -43.30 to -3.33; P=0.02), 6th month CMT (WMD: -74.74; 95%CI: -106.22 to -43.26; P<0.001)]. CONCLUSION: Pooled evidence suggests that both IVC and IVR are effective in the therapy of diabetic macular edema and affirms that IVC presents superiority over IVR therapy in regard of CMT in patients with diabetic macular edema, but no statistically significant difference with regard to visual improvement. Relevant RCTs with longer-term follow-up are necessary to back up our conclusion.     

Chronic ocular GVHD: limbal and conjunctival stem cell allografts from the same hematopoietic stem cell donor

AIM: To investigate common polymorphisms in VEGF, ACE, TNF and GST genes with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) risk among Chinese infants. METHODS: Nine polymorphisms in the above genes were genotyped on 724 advanced cases of ROP and 878 prematurely-born infants of low birth weight who were without any ophthalmologic disease. The frequencies of the polymorphisms were compared between cases and controls to identify the association present, if any. RESULTS: Of the nine polymorphisms, only two showed significant associations: ACE ID polymorphism (P=0.031) and TNF -308G/A polymorphism (P<0.001). The former was associated with a reduced ROP risk (ID genotype, adjusted OR (aOR): 0.603, 95%CI: 0.427-0.893, P=0.034; DD genotype, aOR: 0.468, 95%CI: 0.229-0.626, P=0.002), while the latter showed an increased risk (GA genotype, aOR: 1.956, 95%CI: 1.396-2.465, P<0.001; AA genotype, aOR: 2.809, 95%CI: 1.802-4.484, P<0.001). The association was also noted at the allele level (ACE D allele aOR: 0.698, 95%CI: 0.294-0.883, P<0.001; TNF -308A allele aOR: 1.776, 95%CI: 1.446-2.561, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The ACE ID polymorphism can protect against ROP development while the TNF -308G/A can increase the risk of the disease among Chinese infants.     

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor in the management of retinopathy of prematurity: A survey among the members of Indian Retinopathy of Prematurity Society

Purpose:To report the results of the survey for the role of anti-VEGF in the management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among the members of Indian ROP (iROP) society.Methods:A questionnaire was designed in English using Google forms and its link was circulated to the members of the iROP society on their mobile numbers. The survey included questions pertaining to demographics, anti-VEGF agents, injection technique, post-injection follow-up, and documentation pertaining to their ROP practice. Anonymous responses were obtained and analyzed for individual questions.Results:226 members of the society were contacted and 157 responded (69.4%) to the survey. 137 (87.2%) respondents used anti-VEGF in the management of ROP. Aggressive posterior ROP (APROP) was the most common indication (78, 52.7%). The procedure was carried out in the main operation room (102, 70.3%) simultaneously for both the eyes (97; 68%) under topical anesthesia (134; 86.4%) by most of the respondents. One-hundred thirteen (77.9%) respondents used half of the adult dose, irrespective of the agent used; however, more than half of them preferred bevacizumab (85, 54%). 53 (36.3%) respondents followed up infants as per disease severity rather than a fixed schedule while only 33 (23%) performed photo documentation. 151 (96.2%) respondents felt the need for guidelines regarding the usage of anti-VEGF in ROP.Conclusion:There is an increase in the trend towards the use of anti-VEGF in the management of severe ROP, particularly APROP. However, there are considerable variations among the ROP practitioners regarding the agent, dosage, follow-up schedule, and documentation, suggesting the need for uniform guidelines.     

Clinical features and treatment outcomes of intraocular lymphoma: a single-center experience in China

AIM:To investigate the clinical manifestations,diagnostic approaches,treatments,and outcomes of intraocular lymphoma.METHODS:In this retrospective study,16 patients(28 eyes)with intraocular lymphoma were recruited in the Department of Ophthalmology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,from 2004 to 2019.All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations.Vitreous specimens of 13 patients were sent for cytopathology examination and other adjunctive diagnostic procedures.Three patients were diagnosed with intraocular lymphoma according to analysis of the histopathological results of systemic lymphoma by one clinician.Twenty-three eyes were treated with intravitreal administration of methotrexate,4 eyes could not receive ocular treatment due to life-threatening lymphoma,and 1 eye did not require ocular treatment because the fundus lesions regressed after systematic chemotherapy.RESULTS:In 28 eyes,25 eyes were diagnosed with vitreoretinal lymphoma,and 3 eyes were diagnosed with ciliary body lymphoma,all of which were non-Hodgkin diffuse large B cell lymphomas.The final visual acuity improved in 15 eyes(54%),remained unchanged in 5 eyes(18%),and decreased in 8 eyes(29%).Anterior segment inflammation disappeared or reduced in 8 and 5 eyes,respectively;and 15 eyes had no anterior segment reaction.Twenty eyes had mild vitreous opacity,1 eye had mild vitritis,and 7 eyes had pars plana vitrectomy combinedwith silicone oil tamponade.Fundus lesions disappeared in 9 eyes and were relieved in 5 eyes;4 eyes showed no changes,and the remaining 10 eyes’fundus were normal.CONCLUSION:The clinical manifestations of intraocular lymphoma are diverse,and the misdiagnosis rate is high.Cytopathological analysis of vitreous is one of the gold standards for the diagnosis.Immunohistochemistry,gene rearrangement and flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis can improve the diagnostic rate.Ocular chemotherapy or radiotherapy regimens may preserve visual acuity,and a multidisciplinary team can provide individualized treatment for the patients.     

抗血管内皮生长因子玻璃体内注射治疗不同区域早产儿视网膜病变的疗效观察

目的 观察抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)治疗不同区域早产儿视网膜病变的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2013年4月至2014年4月在郑州儿童医院行玻璃体内注射抗VEGF药物的早产儿视网膜病变患儿24例(46眼),分为Ⅰ区病变组15例(28眼),Ⅱ区病变组9例(18眼).所有患者均在全身麻醉下行玻璃体内注射抗VEGF药物雷珠单抗,对患儿术后眼底进展情况进行观察,分析两组首次注射治愈和进展情况以及并发症发生情况.结果 两组间的出生孕周、出生体质量相比,差异均无统计学意义(均为P ＞0.05);手术矫正孕周相比,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001).24例(46眼)中,首次注射治愈21眼,病情继续发展25眼,治愈率为45.65％,治疗到治愈的时间间隔为2～12个月.Ⅰ区病变组首次注射治愈9眼,治愈率为32.14％,进展率为67.86％;Ⅱ区病变18眼中12眼首次注射治愈,6眼病情继续进展,治愈率为66.67％,进展率为33.34％.两组首次注射治愈率相比,差异有统计学意义(x2=5.263,P=0.022),Ⅰ区病变的首次注射治愈率明显低于Ⅱ区病变.两组进展率相比,差异有统计学意义(x2=-2.269,P=0.023),Ⅰ区病变的进展率明显高于Ⅱ区病变.随访中未发现与玻璃体内注射有关的白内障、眼内炎、视网膜裂孔等出现,仅有2例出现角膜水肿,4例出现结膜下出血,均未做特殊处理自愈.结论 玻璃体内注射抗VEGF药物对于Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区病变均有效,Ⅰ区病变手术成功率低,再次手术的几率大,但可为再次手术创造时间和条件.     

玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF药物治疗早产儿视网膜病变的研究进展

早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)是发生于早产儿的一种未成熟视网膜血管增殖性眼病，是一种严重的儿童致盲性眼病。视网膜激光光凝术是治疗ROP的经典方法，然而激光治疗是破坏性的，尤其是在ROP Ⅰ区病变的情况下，视网膜激光光凝治疗会引起严重的并发症。研究表明，血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)在ROP发生及发展过程中具有关键作用，而玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF药物不仅能有效控制ROP，并且为视网膜继续发育争取了机会。本文就玻璃体腔内注射抗VEGF药物治疗ROP的治疗指征、药物筛选、注射部位、给药剂量、疗效观察以及并发症对其进行综述。     

【In Press】Effect of anti-VEGF treatment on retinopathy of prematurity in Zone II Stage 3+

AIM: To assess the effect of intravitreal ranibizumab injection for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Zone II Stage 3+. METHODS: Data was collected from ROP patients with Zone II Stage 3+ who had intravitreal ranibizumab injections between October 2014 and January 2017 at the department of Ophthalmology in our hospital. No prior laser or other intravitreal therapy was done. Fundus examination was performed prior to the intervention and at each follow-up visit. Gestational age at birth, birth weight, sex, ROP zone, ROP stage, post menstrual age (PMA) at treatment, and follow-up period were recorded. The final clinical status of the retina was noted for each patient. The primary outcome measures included ROP recurrences requiring re-treatment, complete or incomplete peripheral vascularization RESULTS: Eighty-six eyes of 46 premature infants with Zone II Stage 3+ROP were enrolled in the study. The mean gestational age at birth was 28.18±1.67wk (range: 25 to 33wk) and the mean birth weight was 1070.57±226.85 g (range: 720.00 to 1650.00 g). The mean PMA at treatment was 38.32±2.99wk (range: 32.29 to 46.00wk). Seventy-one eyes (82.56%) were treated successfully with intravitreal ranibizumab as monotherapy. Fifteen eyes (17.44%) developed recurrent disease. The mean interval between the treatment and retreatment was 5.96±3.22wk (range: 1.86 to 11.71wk). All eyes vascularized into zone III at the end of the study and among them 62 eyes (72.1%) achieved complete vascularization. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal ranibizumab injection is an effective treatment in patients with zone II stage 3+ ROP. More patients with longer follow-up duration are mandatory to confirm the safety and efficacy of this treatment.