莪术油及其注射液指纹(特征)图谱的建立

 目的 建立评价莪术油及其注射液HPLC指纹（特征）图谱的分析方法。方法 色谱条件,色谱柱：Waters Symmetry C₁₈(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);流动相为甲醇-水,梯度洗脱;流速：1.0 mL·min-1;柱温：30 ℃;检测波长：215 nm。在该色谱条件下,分别测定10批莪术油、15批莪术油注射液和13批莪术油葡萄糖注射液HPLC指纹（特征）图谱。结果 莪术油与莪术油注射液HPLC指纹（特征）图谱相关性良好。与水蒸气蒸馏的莪术油对照图谱比较,超临界萃取莪术油的HPLC色谱图差异很大。结论 莪术油及其注射液HPLC指纹（特征）图谱特征性及专属性强,可结合药材特征图谱用于全面控制药品质量。     

Turmeric extracts containing curcuminoids prevent experimental rheumatoid arthritis

Turmeric has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine as a treatment for inflammatory disorders including arthritis. On the basis of this traditional usage, dietary supplements containing turmeric rhizome and turmeric extracts are also being used in the western world for arthritis treatment and prevention. However, to our knowledge, no data are available regarding antiarthritic efficacy of complex turmeric extracts similar in composition to those available for use as dietary supplements. Therefore, the studies described here were undertaken to determine the in vivo efficacy of well-characterized curcuminoid-containing turmeric extracts in the prevention or treatment of arthritis using streptococcal cell wall (SCW)-induced arthritis, a well-described animal model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Arthritic index, a clinical measure of joint swelling, was used as the primary endpoint for assessing the effect of extracts on joint inflammation. An essential oil-depleted turmeric fraction containing 41% of the three major curcuminoids was efficacious in preventing joint inflammation when treatment was started before, but not after, the onset of joint inflammation. A commercial sample containing 94% of the three major curcuminoids was more potent in preventing arthritis than the essential oil-depleted turmeric fraction when compared by total curcuminoid dose per body weight. In conclusion, these data (1) document the in vivo antiarthritic efficacy of an essential oil-depleted turmeric fraction and (2) suggest that the three major curcuminoids are responsible for this antiarthritic effect, while the remaining compounds in the crude turmeric extract may inhibit this protective effect.     

莪术油冻干粉针中莪术醇的含量测定方法研究

目的:建立莪术油冻干粉针中莪术醇的含量测定方法。方法:含量测定采用GC法。结果:莪术醇与内标及其他挥发性成分分离良好,莪术醇在20.5～184.5μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9999,平均加样回收率为100.6%,RSD为1.0%。结论:GC法能很好的分离检测莪术油冻干粉针中的莪术醇,方法简便、准确、专属性强,可用于莪术油冻干粉针的质量控制研究。     

莪术油诱导小鼠HepA肝癌细胞凋亡及其对bcl-2蛋白表达的影响

目的研究莪术油诱导HepA肝癌细胞凋亡的生物学活性,探讨莪术油对肝癌细胞bcl-2表达水平的影响及其作用的分子机制。方法用莪术油进行小鼠肝癌体内抑制实验,运用细胞凋亡原位末端标记及免疫组化方法分析莪术油对小鼠肝癌细胞凋亡的影响。结果莪术油能有效降低小鼠肝癌细胞bcl-2的表达,诱导细胞凋亡。结论莪术油对小鼠肝癌细胞具有明显抑制作用,其主要作用机制为降低bcl-2蛋白表达、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

莪术油对大鼠乳腺癌癌前病变组织中VEGF mRNA表达的影响

目的:通过观察莪术油对大鼠乳腺癌癌前病变组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其mRNA表达的影响,探讨莪术油治疗乳腺癌前病变的机理。方法:275只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、疾病模型组、三苯氧胺组、康莱特组及莪术油小、中、大剂量组。采用DMBA诱导乳腺癌癌前病变造模,干预治疗4周,第8～14周分4批处死动物,采用原位杂交法测定标本中VEGF mRNA表达情况。结果:各试验组不同类型乳腺组织中VEGFmRNA表达阳性率及阳性细胞阳性率呈递增趋势。非典型增生乳腺组织中,各干预组VEGF mRNA表达阳性率均明显低于造模对照组(P0.05)。各干预组的VEGF mRNA阳性细胞阳性率均明显低于造模对照组(P0.05),莪术油组低于康莱特和三苯氧胺组(P0.05)。对VEGF mRNA表达阳性的非典型增生标本,莪术油大剂量组VEGF mRNA阳性细胞阳性率明显低于小剂量组(P0.05)。结论:莪术油能够有效的降低DMBA诱导大鼠乳腺癌前病变组织中VEGFmRNA表达强度,抑制血管生成,可能是其阻断乳腺癌发生的有效机制。     

Effects of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) on Skin Health: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Evidence

Turmeric (Curcuma longa), a commonly used spice throughout the world, has been shown to exhibit antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti‐neoplastic properties. Growing evidence shows that an active component of turmeric, curcumin, may be used medically to treat a variety of dermatologic diseases. This systematic review was conducted to examine the evidence for the use of both topical and ingested turmeric/curcumin to modulate skin health and function. The PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for clinical studies involving humans that examined the relationship between products containing turmeric, curcumin, and skin health. A total of 234 articles were uncovered, and a total of 18 studies met inclusion criteria. Nine studies evaluated the effects of ingestion, eight studies evaluated the effects of topical, and one study evaluated the effects of both ingested and topical application of turmeric/curcumin. Skin conditions examined include acne, alopecia, atopic dermatitis, facial photoaging, oral lichen planus, pruritus, psoriasis, radiodermatitis, and vitiligo. Ten studies noted statistically significant improvement in skin disease severity in the turmeric/curcumin treatment groups compared with control groups. Overall, there is early evidence that turmeric/curcumin products and supplements, both oral and topical, may provide therapeutic benefits for skin health. However, currently published studies are limited and further studies will be essential to better evaluate efficacy and the mechanisms involved. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

莪术油对人肺腺癌细胞A549增殖的影响

目的探讨莪术油对人肺腺癌细胞A549增殖的抑制作用。方法体外培养肺腺癌细胞A549,MTT比色法测定莪术油对A549细胞作用24、48、72 h后抑制率;流式细胞术分析莪术油对A549细胞作用24 h后细胞周期的变化;AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI双染检测莪术油对A549细胞作用24 h后细胞凋亡与坏死情况。结果莪术油对A549细胞增殖的抑制率随时间延长明显升高,随药物浓度增加抑制作用增强;莪术油对A549细胞作用24 h后,细胞周期停滞在G0/G1期,阻止其进入S期;细胞的早期凋亡、晚期凋亡和坏死比例随着莪术油浓度的增加而增加,且坏死细胞的比例高于凋亡细胞。结论莪术油对A549细胞的增殖具有抑制作用,并呈时间、浓度依赖,其作用是通过阻滞细胞周期及诱导凋亡和坏死来实现的。     

姜黄煎对大鼠血管损伤后Bcl-2与Bax和p53的表达影响意义

目的:探讨姜黄煎对大鼠血管损伤后血清中Bcl-2与Bax和p53的表达影响意义。方法:模拟PCI术,采用ELISA法检测144只大鼠血清中Bcl-2与Bax和p53含量。其中姜黄煎干预组36只,生理盐水干预组36只,并与36只假手术组和36只正常组作为对照。结果:姜黄煎组,生理盐水组,假手术组,血清Bcl-2与Bax和p53含量与正常对照组比较差异明显(P0.05);假手术组血清Bcl-2水平含量接近于正常对照组,差异不明显(P0.05);姜黄煎组血清Bcl-2与Bax含量和p53含量与生理盐水干预组,假手术组比较有明显差异(P0.05);与正常对照组比较差异不明显(P0.05)。结论:姜黄煎可上调大鼠Bcl-2蛋白表达,使Bax的蛋白表达明显下降,说明Bc1-2过量表达,Bax/Bc1-2的比值增大,能抑制内皮细胞过度凋亡。二者的比例是决定细胞是否发生凋亡的重要调控因素。同时姜黄煎能够阻滞细胞周期降低P53蛋白的表达,迅速恢复内皮功能,保持完整血管内皮结构。因此,Bcl-2与Bax和p53参与了再狭窄的病理生理变化。检测患者血清Bcl-2与Bax和p53含量的异常变化,可能有助于评估血管损伤后凋亡因子对血管内皮功能和结构的影响。     

Applications of nanoparticles in herbal medicine: zedoary turmeric oil and its active compound β-elemene

Zedoary turmeric oil and its main active ingredient β-elemene are novel plant-derived anticancer agents with long-term clinical application history and low toxicity, which have been approved by the Chinese SFDA to treat different tumors including cancers of the brain, ovary, prostate, breast, lungs, liver, colon, and other tissues. Unfortunately, their hydrophobic properties, poor stabilities and low bioavailabilities seriously hamper their applications in clinic. Therefore, more attention should be paid to develop novel drug delivery systems for zedoary turmeric oil and β-elemene to enhance their overall quality. Recently, increased research has been carried out on a nanoparticle drug delivery system of zedoary turmeric oil and β-elemene to solve their poor aqueous solubilities and low bioavailabilities in vivo with much remarkable achievements springing up in the last decade. This review presents the novel nanoparticle formulations of zedoary turmeric oil and β-elemene and introduces the possible future prospects of their further study.     

莪术挥发油抑制人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721生长的实验研究

[目的]探讨莪术挥发油对肝癌细胞生长抑制的作用机制。[方法]用荧光显微镜观察药物作用前后细胞形态学的变化，采用噻唑氮蓝(MTT)法检测莪术油对细胞生长的抑制作用，并用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期的阻滞及凋亡率。[结果]MTT结果表明莪术油浓度与细胞生长抑制率成正比。荧光显微镜观察结果显示，1．0mg／mL的莪术挥发油作用24h后可有效诱导肝癌细胞凋亡，细胞形态产生明显的凋亡特征，细胞核凹陷或固缩成均一的致密物。流式细胞仪检测结果表明，莪术油作用后细胞凋亡率可达28.15％，细胞周期被阻滞在S期。[结论]莪术挥发油可抑制肝癌细胞SMMG772l的生长，诱导凋亡及阻滞细胞周期是其抑制生长的重要机制。     

壮药莪术油对卵巢癌miR-223-3p的调控机制研究＊

目的 探讨壮药莪术油对卵巢癌miRNA-223-3p的调控机制；方法 生物信息学技术确定miRNA-223-3p在卵巢癌中调控的关键靶点；利用PCR、WB等实验检测技术验证壮药莪术油通过miR-223-3p对该关键靶点影响卵巢癌的生长发展。结果 生物信息学显示：miRNA-223-3p在卵巢癌中调控的关键靶点确定为癌症通路上的Wnt2B、NKX3-1。实验显示：壮药莪术油、紫杉醇、莪术醇能够降低瘤体组织miRNA-223-3p、Wnt2B mRNA的表达，并上调NKX3-1 mRNA的表达；壮药莪术油、紫杉醇、莪术醇能上调瘤体组织中NKX3-1蛋白的表达，并下调瘤体组织中Wnt2B蛋白的表达。结论 壮药莪术油能够抑制卵巢癌的增长，提高模型裸鼠生存质量，并可能是通过miRNA-223-3p调控Wnt2B、NKX3-1的表达实现的。     

不同炮制方法对莪术挥发油及其4种主要活性成分的影响

目的比较不同炮制方法对莪术挥发油及其4种主要活性成分莪术二酮、莪术醇、牻牛儿酮和β-榄香烯的影响。方法以药典挥发油测定法测定生、醋炙和醋煮莪术饮片中的挥发油,采用HPLC法同时测定莪术二酮、莪术醇、牻牛儿酮和β-榄香烯。色谱柱为依利特ODS-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈(A)-水(B),梯度洗脱,0～30 min,40%～60%(A),30～40 min,60%～80%(A),40～60 min,80%～90%(A);进样量10μL;柱温25℃;体积流量1.0 mL/min;检测波长214 nm。结果与生品相比,莪术的醋煮品和醋炙品挥发油及其4种活性成分均有不同程度下降;并且莪术醋炙品高于醋煮品。结论本研究所建立的定量测定方法可用于莪术挥发油及其4种活性成分的同时定量分析。为莪术饮片及其炮制品的质量控制和临床应用提供参考依据。     

黔产莪术油对人直肠癌细胞血管生成因子表达的影响

目的:通过黔产莪术油对人直肠癌SW1463细胞血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和趋化因子(chemokine,CXC)蛋白表达的影响,探讨莪术挥发油对肿瘤血管生成的作用机制。方法:将经水蒸气蒸馏提取的黔产莪术挥发油,配制成80,120,160,200 mg·L-1不同质量浓度,干预直肠癌SW1463细胞24 h后,倒置显微镜下观察不同浓度莪术油对直肠癌SW1463细胞的形态学影响;采用免疫细胞化学和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测直肠癌SW1463细胞中VEGF,白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和CXC趋化因子受体2(CXCR2),CXC趋化因子受体3(CXCR3)蛋白的表达。结果:经莪术油处理直肠癌SW1463细胞24 h后,与空白组比较,莪术挥发油组细胞中VEGF,IL-8,CXCR2蛋白表达量明显下调(P0.05,P0.01),莪术油能抑制肿瘤细胞中VEGF,IL-8,CXCR2蛋白的表达;莪术挥发油组细胞中CXCR3蛋白表达量明显上调(P0.05,P0.01),莪术油能促进肿瘤细胞CXCR3蛋白的表达。结论:黔产莪术油可能通过下调促血管生成相关因子的表达,上调抑制性血管生成相关趋化因子的表达,从而抑制肿瘤血管生成,起到抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖作用。     

Effect of turmeric volatile oil on the respiratory tract]

OBJECTIVE: Researching the effect of turmeric volatile oil on functions of the respiratory tract. METHOD: The action of turmeric volatile oil on sputum removing, cough and asthma relieving was observed by vapour inhaling. RESULT: The volatile oil is significantly active in removing sputum, relieving cough and preventing asthma. CONCLUSION: Turmeric volatile oil may be an efficacious drug for the treatment of respiratory diseases.     

姜黄挥发油对呼吸道作用的研究

目的：研究姜黄挥发油对呼吸道功能的影响。方法：采用气雾吸入的方法给药，观察姜黄挥发油的祛痰、止咳和平喘作用。结果：表明本品具有明显的祛痰、止咳及预防哮喘发作的作用。结论：提示本品对痰多咳嗽可能有良好的治疗作用。     

Effects of turmeric and curcumin on oral mucositis: A systematic review

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of turmeric and curcumin in the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients undergoing chemo and/or radiotherapy. The systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses. The search was performed in the following database: Cochrane Library, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A gray literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar, Open Grey, and ProQuest. The methodology of included studies was evaluated by the Meta‐Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. After a two‐step selection process, four randomized and one nonrandomized clinical trials were included in the analysis. Two studies were categorized as low and three as moderate risk of bias. Turmeric/curcumin was applied topically as a gel or as a mouthwash. Patients treated with turmeric/curcumin experienced reduced grade of mucositis, pain, erythema intensity, and ulcerative area. Current evidence suggests that topical application of turmeric or curcumin is effective in controlling signs and symptoms of oral mucositis. Thus, further investigation is required to confirm the promising effect of turmeric and curcumin in oral inflammatory lesions.     

HPLC法测定姜黄浸膏散中姜黄素含量

目的：对姜黄浸膏散中的姜黄素进行含量测定。方法：采用高效液相色谱法,TIANHE C18（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）色谱柱,以乙腈-4%冰醋酸溶液（48∶52）为流动相,流速为1mL/min,检测波长为430nm,柱温为30℃。结果：HPLC法测定姜黄浸膏散中姜黄素的含量在4.383～21.92μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 8,平均加样回收率为98.67%,RSD=0.96%。结论：该法简单,准确,重现性好,可用于姜黄浸膏散的质量控制。     

姜黄提取物对Na2S2O4诱导SK—N—SH细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的观察姜黄提取物对Na2S2O4诱导SK—N—SH细胞凋亡的保护作用及其机制。方法取相同代的SK—N—SH细胞随机分为正常对照组、模型组、姜黄提取物低浓度（20μmol／L）组、姜黄提取物中浓度（40μmol／L）组、姜黄提取物高浓度（80μmol／L）组。用分光光度法检测姜黄提取物对细胞外SOD、MDA的影响,通过MTT比色法检测细胞存活率,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡率,采用Westernblot检测法检测细胞Caspase-3蛋白的表达情况。蛄果与模型组比较,姜黄提取物各组细胞存活率升高（P〈0．01）,姜黄提取物各组SK—N—SH细胞培养液内的MDA水平均明显降低（P均〈0．01）,而SOD水平均明显升高（P均〈0．01）,同时Caspase-3活性受到抑制。结论姜黄提取物能够通过抗氧化作用抑制Na2S2O4对SK—N—SH细胞凋亡作用。     

姜黄煎对大鼠血管损伤后血清中VEGF和TNF-α基因表达的影响意义

目的:探讨大鼠急性损伤后血清中血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平及姜黄煎对其影响意义。方法:模拟PCI术,采用ELISA法检测144只大鼠血清VEGF和TNF-α水平,其中姜黄煎干预组36只,生理盐水干预组36只,并与36只假手术组和36只健康组作为对照。结果:模拟血管急性损伤组血清VEGF和TNF-α明显高于对照组(P<0.05);假手术组血清VEGF和TNF-α高于健康组但差异不明显(P>0.05)。姜黄煎组血清VEGF明显高于模型组与手术组,TNF-α水平明显低于模型组与手术组(P<0.05)。结论:VEGF和TNF-α可能参与了再狭窄的病生理变化。检测患者血清VEGF和TNF-α水平可能有助于评估血管损伤后再狭窄病变的程度及转归。姜黄煎对大鼠VEGF和TNF-α水平具有一定的调控作用。     

姜黄素神经保护作用研究

姜黄一直被用于食品添加剂,并在传统医学中作为中草药广泛应用,其中姜黄素是姜黄中主要的活性成分。近年来的研究发现,姜黄素可以通过抗氧化、抗炎、抑制蛋白质的聚积等药理作用发挥其较强的神经保护作用。本文以典型的神经变性病阿尔茨海默病为例,就近年来姜黄素在神经保护作用中的最新研究进展作一综述。