腹腔镜直肠全系膜切除保肛术治疗中下段直肠癌

目的：探索腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除（TME）与低位／超低位结直肠吻合保肛门术治疗中下段直肠癌的可行性,方法与优缺点,方法：按开放手术的TME切除原则,应用双钉合技术,在腹腔镜下对12例肿瘤下缘距离肛缘3－10cm的中下段直肠癌患者实施了TME与低位／超低位结直肠吻合保肛手术。1例切除部分受侵犯的阴道后壁,1例同时行了结肠J型贮袋直肠吻合术。结果12例患者手术顺利,无中转开腹,手术时间190（160－230）min,术中出血20（10－100）ml,术后1－2d恢复胃肠功能并进食流质,下床活动,术后住院时间10（6－18）d,术中术后无并发症发生。结论：腹腔镜TME与低位／超低位结直肠吻合保肛术治疗下段直肠癌安全可行,具有创伤小,手术视野清楚,出血小,术后疼痛轻恢复快等优点。     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除(TME)低位/超低位/结-肛吻合术治疗下段直肠癌的护理

探讨腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除（TME）低位／超低位／结－肛吻合术治疗下段直肠癌的护理方法。术前做好肠道准备，肛门括约肌锻炼及心理护理，术后加强饮食指导，肛门括约肌功能锻炼等健康教育，是手术成功及患者顺得康复的重要保证。     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术治疗低位直肠癌126例分析

目的探讨腹腔镜下低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术（TME）的可行性。方法按TME原则,在腹腔镜下对126例低位直肠癌患者行直肠癌根治性切除术。结果手术时间95-180min,平均（117士21）rain;术中出血50-200ml,平均（90．4-27）ml;术后2-3d恢复胃肠功能;住院时间6-14d,平均（8±2）d。中转开腹4例,中转开腹手术率3．2％。保肛率95．24％（120／126）。全组术中、术后未发生输尿管即时损伤或延迟性损伤以及骶前大出血等严重手术操作相关并发症。结论腹腔镜下TME治疗低位直肠癌是安全可行的。     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除结肛吻合术11例围术期护理

目的：探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除（TME）结肛吻合术围术期的护理方法。方法：对11例直肠癌患者术前给予心理护理,硫酸镁顺式洗肠;术后保持肛门清洁,调节饮食,指导坐浴和缩肛运动。结果：本组手术均顺利进行,术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生,肛门括约肌收缩功能存在,保肛率100%。结论：对腹腔镜低位直肠癌TME结肛吻合术患者给予精心围术期护理,可提高手术成功率,减少并发症发生,促进早日康复。     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌保肛根治术78例临床分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除在低位直肠癌保肛根治术中的临床应用价值。方法：回顾性分析78例低位直肠癌行腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除在低位直肠癌保肛根治术的临床病例资料。结果：78例患者用腹腔镜技术完成手术,保肛率100%,手术时间（162.45±54.74）min,术中出血量（88.24± 72.21）mL,胃肠道功能恢复时间（2.11±0.55）d,术后使用止痛剂11.5%（9/78）。结论：腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除在低位直肠癌保肛根治术中具有保肛率高、创伤小、恢复快的优点。[著者文摘]     

结直肠肿瘤较经济的腹腔镜手术方法探索

目的：评价较经济的腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠癌的可行性。方法：12例直肠癌。按手术的TME原则，应用双钉合技术(DST)在腹腔镜下对中下段直肠癌患者实施了TME与低位／超低住直肠吻合保肛术。结肠癌4例采取腹腔镜加5cm左右小切口辅助手术。结果：16例患者手术顺利，无中转开腹。手术时间180(150～220)min；术中出血5～80ml平均25ml，术后l～2d胃肠功能恢复并下床活动，术后住院时间10(6～18)d，术中及术后无并发症。结论：较经济的腹腔镜结直肠肿瘤治疗下段直肠癌、结肠癌创伤小，保肛率高。术后疼痛轻、恢复快是具有应用前景的微创技术。     

腹腔镜直肠全系膜切除结肠J袋肛管吻合术治疗低位直肠癌的分析

目的评价腹腔镜直肠全系膜切除结肠J型贮袋肛管吻合术治疗低位直肠癌的可行性及对排便功能的改善作用。方法按TME原则，在腹腔镜下对10例低位直肠癌患者实施结肠J型贮袋肛管吻合术。结果腹腔镜下直肠全系膜切除结肠J袋肛管吻合术均获成功。手术时间120-180min，平均135min，术中平均出血20ml。术后无吻合口漏的发生，术后排便次数明显减少，能从容控制排便。结论腹腔镜下行直肠全系膜切除结肠J型贮袋肛管吻合术不仅能达到根治目的，具有创伤小，出血少，恢复快的优点，又具有明显改善排便功能的作用。     

超低位直肠癌切除与吻合术中应用三吻合器的护理

对于超低位直肠癌患者,如果按传统的手术方法治疗,存在永久性改道造口,术后不同程度性存在排便泌尿功能障碍以及会阴部瘢痕性疼痛等诸多问题.近20年来,全直肠系膜切除(total mesorcctal excision,TME)在临床的成功应用,使下段直肠癌的保肛率明显提高而局部复发率下降[1,2],但超低位直肠癌常出现切除边缘不够或吻合上的困难,甚至放弃保肛手术.近两年来我科对10例超低位直肠癌采用三吻合进行超低位直肠癌前切除与吻合术,取得满意疗效,现将护理体会报告如下.     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除结肛吻合术11例围术期护理

目的:探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除(TME)结肛吻合术围术期的护理方法.方法:对11例直肠癌患者术前给予心理护理,硫酸镁顺式洗肠;术后保持肛门清洁,调节饮食,指导坐浴和缩肛运动.结果:本组手术均顺利进行,术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生,肛门括约肌收缩功能存在,保肛率100%.结论:对腹腔镜低位直肠癌TME结肛吻合术患者给予精心围术期护理,可提高手术成功率,减少并发症发生,促进早日康复.     

全直肠系膜切除术结合双吻合器治疗低位直肠癌85例

目的：探讨全直肠系膜切除术（total mesorectal excision,TME）结合双吻合器（DST）治疗低位直肠癌的效果及临床价值。方法：对我院85例低位直肠癌患者采用TME和DST联合治疗的方法,观察治疗后的排便功能及疗效。结果：所有患者手术均顺利,无吻合口瘘和狭窄,切割环均完整,无手术闭合失败及手术死亡。随访时间6个月-5年,局部复发率4例（4.7%）。排便控制功能：优75例（88.2%）,良9例（10.6%）,差1例（1.2%）。结论：TME和DST联用治疗低位直肠癌,保肛效果满意,并发症少,提高了患者的生存质量,值得临床推广。     

二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗老年糖尿病的meta分析

目的 通过系统评价的方式评估二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)的疗效和安全性。方法 通过检索中文数据库如万方、中国知网、维普数据库以及外文数据库如PubMed、Cochrane library等各个数据库,自建库以来至2023年2月1日期间所发表的二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗老年T2DM的所有RCT研究,对纳入文献进行偏倚风险评价及 Meta 分析。结果 最终纳入10项研究,共927例患者;试验组均使用二甲双胍联合西格列汀,对照组均使用二甲双胍治疗。纳入的10项研究中,有5项研究进行了安全性评价即不良反应情况;发现二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗具有良好的安全性。Meta分析的研究结果表明,试验组的空腹血糖、餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白明显低于对照组。结论 西格列汀联合二甲双胍适用于老年糖尿病的治疗,降糖效果好,安全性高。     

The Rho Variant-Du

A simplified test for the D^u factor employing a reagent containing 25 per cent serum albumin, the "stick" technic to introduce cells and forceful cen-trifugation has been given an extensive trial in a routine blood bank operation. A routine preliminary test with anti-D gave 5,051 negative reactions among 26,753 bloods tested. The D^u tube test was then performed on the former with an anti-CDE reagent in parallel with the indirect antiglobulin test done with anti-D. All bloods positive by one or both tests were tested further for D antigens by an anti-D elution technic; they were also tested for Rh-Hr factors.
Among the 126 bloods positive by elution for the D^ufactor, 122 and 126 were positive respectively by the antiglobulin and the D^u tube tests. The two tests were in agreement on all eight of the type ccD^uee bloods found in the study. The D^utube test, as done with anti-CDE, gave no false negative reactions. It is, thus, concluded that bloods which are negative with this test will be type ccddee and can be labeled "Rh negative tested for D^u. Serological factors which might account for sensitivity of the D^u tube test's being the equal of the antiglobulin test are considered, as are the probabilities of the existence of D variants so weak that they could not be detected by either test.     

陇中损伤胶囊联合骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗骨盆后环骨折的疗效研究

目的：观察陇中损伤胶囊联合骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗骨盆后环骨折的疗效研究。方法：对 2021 年1 月至 2022 年 5 月采用外科治疗的 60例骨盆后环骨折病例进行回顾性分析,选取骨盆后环骨折患者60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组。对照组接受骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗,治疗组在该基础上,配合陇中损伤胶囊口服,1周作为一个疗程,2个疗程后从疼痛、肿胀程度、患者骨折愈合时间与住院时间4个指标评价临床疗效。结果：治疗组骨折愈合时间与住院时间均优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组肿胀程度低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组VAS评分低于对照(P<0.05)。结论：陇中损伤胶囊联合骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗骨盆后环骨折有很好的临床疗效,值得临床推广应用。     

Comparative Absorption of Ferri-Haemoglobin-59Fe/Ferro-Haemoglobin-59Fe and 59Fe3+/59Fe2+ in Humans with Normal and Depleted Iron Stores*

Abstract. The intestinal ⁵⁹Fe absorption from ferri- and ferro-haemogIobin-⁵⁹Fe and ⁵⁹Fe³⁺ and ⁵⁹Fe⁺ was calculated from whole body-⁵⁹Fe-retention measurements in subjects with normal and depleted iron stores. A ferri-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe/ferro-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe absorption ratio of 1.03 ±0.11 was observed for the absorption of ferri-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe (8.6± 0.77%) and ferro-haemogIobin-⁵⁹Fe (8.7±0.94%) in persons with normal iron stores. Depletion of iron stores caused a slight but significant higher rise of ferri-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe absorption (22 ± 1.7%) than the increase of ferro-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe absorption (18 ±0.9%) so that the absorption ratio was 1.24±0.073.—This remarkable iron valence independence of haemoglobin iron absorption is in considerable contrast to the well-established valence dependence of inorganic iron absorption which favours ferrous iron absorption especially with rising iron doses. The ⁵⁹Fe³⁺/⁵⁹Fe²⁺ absorption ratio for a diagnostic 0.56 mg Fe dose increased from 0.43 in subjects with normal iron stores to 0.74 in persons with depleted iron stores, whereas this absorption ratio was augmented only from 0.21 to 0.28 for the therapeutic 50 mg Fe-dose.—The different influence of iron valence on iron absorption from inorganic and haemoglobin iron supports other evidence for the existence of two separate mechanisms for ferrous iron and haem iron absorption in humans.     

Erythrocyte Li+/Na+ and Na+/H+ exchange, cardiac anatomy and function in insulin-dependent diabetics

It has been proposed that an increased activity of cell membrane Na+/H+ exchange, mirrored by increased erythrocyte Li+/Na+ exchange, may facilitate cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus may develop a specific cardiomyopathy with systolic and diastolic abnormalities and increased thickness of the left ventricle. Therefore, we have investigated the relationships between erythrocyte Li+/Na+ and Na+/H+ exchange and echocardiographic parameters in 31 male insulin-dependent diabetics (aged 17-68), in good metabolic control. Three had untreated mild hypertension. In all patients the urinary albumin excretion rate was less than 200 micrograms min-1. Ten patients had a Li+/Na+ countertransport higher than 0.37 mmol l-1 cell h-1, the upper normal limit for our laboratory (0.49 +/- 0.10, mean +/- SD). In comparison with the patients with normal countertransport, they had increased interventricular septum thickness and relative wall thickness (h/r). End diastolic volume and cardiac index were reduced while blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion rate were similar. In the whole study group, interventricular septum thickness was significantly correlated to Li+/Na+ exchange (r = 0.61, P less than 0.001) and Na+/H+ exchange (r = 0.35, P less than 0.05), independently of the effect of age and blood pressure. Posterior wall thickness was correlated to Li+/Na+ exchange (r = 0.38, P less than 0.05) and h/r to Li+/Na+ exchange (r = 0.41, P less than 0.05) and to Na+/H+ exchange (r = 0.44, P less than 0.05). Li+/Na+ exchange was negatively correlated to cardiac index (r = -0.37, P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Further Observations on the Blood Factors RhA, RhB, RhC and RhD

The findings in 18 cases of individuals with Rh_o-positive blood who had antibodies in their serum resembling anti-Rh_o in specificity are briefly summarized. One interesting finding is the relatively high frequency of such individuals among Negroes, especially with the blood type Rh^d_o and Rh^abd_o. The significance of these findings is discussed.     

IgG anti-Jka/Jkb antibodies are unlikely to fix complement

Antibodies in the Kidd blood group system show a great deal of serological variability, are notoriously elusive and hence evoke difficulties in detection. However, they have been regularly reported as causing severe immediate or delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions and this clinical potential has been largely attributed to their complement binding ability.
In initial investigations on 43 anti-Jk^a/Jk^b sera with a range of titres of IgG antibody only a few seemed to fix complement, though following repeated tests on 20 of these sera a further five were shown to bind complement, making a total of 12 (27.9%) showing evidence of complement binding. Twenty-three sera were unavailable for re-testing. Subsequent tests revealed that only those sera which showed direct agglutination or were positive with an anti-IgM reagent in an indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) fixed complement. Evaluations on the IgG fractions of six selected potent anti-Jk^a sera failed to reveal any complement-fixing ability although all the original sera bound complement avidly and contained variable amounts of IgM antibody, some at very low subagglutinating levels.
These findings challenge past perceptions and give cause for reflection on the changing methodologies and strategies which could unduly compromise the detection of these potentially clinically damaging antibodies.