宫颈癌根治术病人创伤后成长与领悟社会支持及心理弹性的相关性研究

目的:探讨宫颈癌根治术病人创伤后成长与领悟社会支持及心理弹性的相关性。方法:2018年6月—2019年6月应用一般情况调查问卷、创伤后成长量表(PTGI)、领悟社会支持量表及心理弹性量表对65例宫颈癌根治术病人进行调查,应用Pearson相关性分析研究宫颈癌根治术病人创伤后成长与领悟社会支持及心理弹性的相关性,应用Logistic多元回归分析研究影响宫颈癌根治术后病人创伤后成长的危险因素。结果:宫颈癌根治术病人PTGI评分为(62.22±5.12)分。经Pearson相关性分析可知,宫颈癌根治术病人创伤后成长总评分及人际关系、精神改变维度评分与领悟社会支持总评分及各维度评分呈正相关(P<0.05),宫颈癌根治术病人创伤后成长总评分及各维度评分与心理弹性总评分及各维度评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。经Logistic多元回归分析可知,年龄、家庭月收入、家庭关系、领悟社会支持及心理弹性是影响宫颈癌根治术病人创伤后成长的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论:医护人员应注意宫颈癌根治术病人术后的心理变化,采取有效的措施鼓励病人进行自我心理调适,为病人提供有力的社会支持,促进病人创伤后成长,使病人能顺利度过围术期。     

心理韧性在首发缺血性脑卒中患者领悟社会支持与感恩间的中介作用

目的:探讨心理韧性在首发缺血性脑卒中患者领悟社会支持与感恩间的中介效应。方法:采用方便抽样法,选取2020年11月—2021年4月同济大学附属第十人民医院神经内科收治的240例首发缺血性脑卒中住院患者为研究对象。采用一般情况调查表、6项目感恩问卷、领悟社会支持量表、心理韧性评定量表对其进行横断面调查,采用AMOS 26...     

精神分裂症患者的社会支持与孤独感

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者的社会支持与孤独感及其相关关系。方法 采用社会支持评价量表 (SSRS)、 UCLA孤独量表 (UCLA)及 Rasch型孤独量表 (Rasch)对 120例精神分裂症患者和 108例正常对照进行评定分析。结果 精神分裂症患者 SSRS因子分及总分均低于正常对照, UCLA及 Rasch评分均高于正常对照, SSRS因子分及总分与 UCLA及 Rasch评分均成显著负相关。 结论 精神分裂症患者的孤独感与社会支持不足有关,提示对于患者的康复要有家庭社会支持及必要的社交技能训练。     

Nursing students' perceived stress,social support,self-efficacy,resilience, mindfulness and psychological well-being: A structural equation model

Nursing students' stress, protective factors (e.g. resilience, social support, mindfulness and self-efficacy) and psychological well-being (PWB) have been well reported in the literature. However, the interactions of these variables were scarcely examined in the latter part of the COVID-19 pandemic and in the context of a developing country. This cross-sectional correlational study complying with STROBE guidelines tested a hypothetical model of the interrelationships of nursing students' stress, protective factors and PWB using structural equation modelling (SEM). Nursing students (n = 776) from five nursing schools in the Philippines were conveniently recruited from September 2022 to January 2023. Six validated self-report scales (Perceived Stress Scale, Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Psychological Wellbeing Scale) were used to collect data. SEM, mediation analyses and path analyses were used for data analysis. The emerging model demonstrated acceptable model fit parameters. Stress negatively impacted protective factors, while all the protective factors positively influenced PWB. Social support mediated the influence of stress on resilience, mindfulness and PWB. Resilience is a significant mediator of stress, self-efficacy, social support and PWB. Mindfulness mediated the influence of stress, social support and self-efficacy on PWB. Finally, self-efficacy had a mediating role between resilience and mindfulness. Nursing institutions and nurse educators can use the proposed model as their basis for empirical and theoretical evidence in creating programmes that will strengthen nursing students' protective factors, thus reducing stress while improving PWB and learning outcomes.     

乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏与社会支持及心理弹性的相关性研究

目的:探讨乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏与社会支持及心理弹性的关系。方法:采用方便抽样法选取2018年10月—2019年10月92例乳腺癌放疗病人,在病人放疗期间应用癌因性疲乏量表、社会支持量表、心理弹性量表对其进行调查,乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏与心理弹性、社会支持三者的关系应用Pearson相关分析,应用多元回归分析影响乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏的独立因素。结果:乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏总分为(26.25±4.78)分、社会支持总分为(45.23±3.98)分、心理弹性总分为(60.12±5.11)分。Pearson相关分析显示,乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏总分、情感疲乏及认知疲乏评分与社会支持总分、社会支持利用度评分和心理弹性总分及其各维度评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示,病人文化程度、临床分期、放疗效果、社会支持及心理弹性是乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏发生的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:影响乳腺癌放疗病人癌因性疲乏的因素较多,护理人员可通过加强病人放疗期间心理疏导,强化病人外部社会支持,从而减轻病人放疗期间癌因性疲乏,促进病人身心健康。     

自我效能干预对化疗间歇期门诊PICC携带者心理弹性及社会支持的影响

[目的]探讨自我效能干预对化疗间歇期门诊经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)携带者自我效能、心理弹性、社会支持的影响。[方法]采用方便抽样法抽取2017年5月1日—2017年10月1日在化疗间歇期携带PICC回家并每隔7 d在某三级甲等医院PICC门诊进行PICC维护的肿瘤病人149例。采用随机数字表法分为干预组75例和对照组74例,干预组予以自我效能理论为基础结合微信公众平台的综合干预,对照组给予门诊健康教育。采用一般自我效能量表(GSES)、心理弹性量表简化版(CD-RISC)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评价两组病人干预前、干预4周时、干预12周时的干预效果。[结果]最终138例完成本研究,失访率为7.38%,其中对照组68例,干预组70例。两组病人GSES、CD-RISC10、SSRS得分的干预效应和时间效应比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且两组病人GSES得分的干预因素与时间因素存在交互效应。[结论]自我效能干预可以提高化疗间歇期门诊PICC携带者的自我效能、心理弹性及社会支持,提高PICC携带者的带管效果。     

Perceived loneliness and social support in patients with chronic heart failure

Self-reported conditions have become increasingly important in patient care, and perceived loneliness and social relationships in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are not sufficiently investigated.

Aim

The aim was to investigate perceived loneliness and social support in patients with CHF. Further, to investigate whether loneliness and social support might be associated with gender, age, healthcare utilization and mortality.

Methods

One hundred and forty nine patients with CHF, hospitalised at least once during a 4-month period in 2006, completed a self-reported questionnaire including measurements about loneliness and social support. Healthcare utilization was assessed prospectively by frequency of readmissions and number of days hospitalised during 1 year.

Results

Loneliness was reported by 29 (20%) participants. They were more often women (p < 0.001) and younger (p = 0.024). Patients who perceived loneliness had fewer social contacts (p = 0.033), reported lower occurrence of emotional contacts (p = 0.004), were less satisfied with social contacts and close relationships (p < 0.001). Those reporting loneliness had more days hospitalised (p = 0.044), and more readmissions to hospital (p = 0.027), despite not having more severe CHF.

Conclusion

Loneliness is a health-related risk indicator in that patients with CHF who perceived loneliness have more healthcare utilization than those who do not report loneliness despite not having more severe CHF.     

农村留守老人的心理健康状况及其影响因素的研究进展

随着我国工业化的发展和老龄化社会的到来,农村留守老人已成为我国一个重要的特殊群体,其心理健康状况引起了人们的关注,影响其心理健康状况的主要因素有性别、年龄、文化程度、经济条件、劳动强度、留守方式、子女探亲联系间隔时间以及留守老人自身身体状况。     

精神分裂症患者感知病耻感及与社会支持的相关研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的感知病耻感状况, 分析精神分裂症患者感知病耻感与社会支持之间的关系。方法运用Link 贬低-歧视感知量表 (Perceived Devaluation-Discrim-ination)、社会支持评定量表 (Social support Scale)对山东省某精神病院 208 例精神分裂症患者进行调查。结果精神分裂症患者的贬低-歧视感知得分为(2.63 ± 0.31)分,与量表中点 2.50 比较,差异具有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。不同婚姻状况、发病情况、病程、入院次数的患者,其感知病耻感比较,差异具有统计学意义(均 P < 0.01)。感知病耻感与社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度均呈负相关(均 P < 0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者具有较严重的感知病耻感,婚姻状况不良、病情复发、病程长、多次入院者尤为严重;患者感知病耻感程度与社会支持不足有关。应对精神分裂症患者的感知病耻感予以充分重视,消除人们对精神分裂症患者的歧视和偏见; 提高患者社会支持的利用度,促进患者全面康复。     

射频消融术治疗心房颤动患者的领悟社会支持、家庭关怀度与正负情绪的关系:心理弹性的中介作用

目的探讨行射频消融术(RFCA)的心房颤动(AF)患者的心理弹性在领悟社会支持、家庭关怀度对正负情绪影响路径间的中介效应。方法选取2018年11月—2019年3月在天津市某三级甲等医院心内科住院的RFCA术后的207例AF患者,采用一般资料调查表、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、家庭关怀指数问卷(FAI)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)和正负情绪量表(PANAS)对研究对象进行调查。采用基于结构方程模型的路径分析方法。结果行RFCA术的AF患者PSSS、CD-RISC、FAI、PANAS得分之间具有相关性(P<0.05)。结构方程模型拟合良好,领悟社会支持完全通过心理弹性间接影响行RFCA术的AF患者正负情绪,家庭关怀度通过心理弹性间接影响正性情绪,家庭关怀度对负性情绪的直接效应和间接效应都显著。结论心理弹性是领悟社会支持、家庭关怀度对行RFCA术的AF患者正负情绪影响的中介因素,提高社会支持和家庭关怀度能提升患者心理弹性水平,进而减少其负性情绪并增加正性情绪。     

社会支持对护士觉察压力的影响

目的了解护士觉察压力和社会支持的现状,探讨社会支持对护士觉察压力的影响。方法采用觉察压力量表和社会支持评定量表对540名护士进行调查研究。结果护士觉察压力总分为(25.83±5.33)分,社会支持评定总分为(36.44±5.74)分,逐步回归分析显示,在控制一般资料的影响后,社会支持中支持利用度、主观支持和客观支持3个维度能独立解释觉察压力总变异的31.5%。结论社会支持是护士觉察压力的影响因素,可以通过提高社会支持来降低护士的觉察压力。     

Psychometric properties of the German version of the multidimensional perceived social support scale

Background

Social support can help older persons to cope with stressful situations. Sheltered housing facilities in German speaking countries therefore aim to promote social support for their residents. The MSPSS is a brief instrument to measure perceived social support, but its psychometric properties have not yet been investigated in a sample of German speaking older persons.

Objectives

To determine the psychometric properties of the German version of the MSPSS for older persons

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, residents of sheltered housing in Austria were asked to complete the MSPSS and to indicate the frequency of contacts to family and friends. Validity of the scale was investigated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis as well as by their correlations with frequency of contacts to family and friends. Reliability was determined by Cronbach's Alpha and intraclass correlations for repeated measurements.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor solution for the MSPSS, which was, however, only partially supported by confirmatory factor analysis. Correlations with frequency of contact to family and friends partly confirmed the assumptions about the relationships between these factors and the corresponding groups of persons. Cronbach's Alpha was high, and intraclass correlations for most items ranged from fair to good.

Conclusions

The incomplete congruence between the theoretical assumptions regarding the scale and the results of the factor analysis is presumably due to overlapping content between the dimensions of the MSPSS, which can be remedied by reformulating some items.

Implications for Practice

A slightly modified version of the MSPSS should be used to assess social support in sheltered housing.     

自我效能在肝移植受者社会支持与心理弹性间的中介效应

目的 探讨肝移植受者自我效能、社会支持与心理弹性的关系,为提高其心理弹性水平提供依据.方法 采用一般自我效能感量表、心理弹性量表、社会支持评定量表对某医院器官移植中心162例肝移植受者进行问卷调查.结果 肝移植受者心理弹性得分为(65.28±16.57)分,社会支持得分为(42.01±8.11)分,自我效能得分为(2....