Stress fracture of the ulna occurring in military recruits after rifle drill training

Stress fractures are a common injury in military recruits in the lower extremities, but are rare in the upper limbs. The locations of reported stress fractures occurring in the upper extremities are mainly in the ulna and olecranon. We report on two cases of mid-ulnar stress fractures in a team of honor guards following rifle drill training from excessive weight lifting, repetitive pronation of the forearm, and a sudden increase in the training load. According to the report, some readjustment must be made in the training protocol for military recruits. Stress fractures are also being recognized as a prevalent problem in the upper body.     

健康教育在新兵训练伤中作用的调查分析

目的　探讨健康教育对新兵训练伤的预防作用。方法　实验组采用针对训练内容 ,卫生技术人员跟班作业 ,进行正确的健康知识教育 ;历史对照组则无专门的健康知识教育 ,比较两组军事训练伤的发生率 ,病情程度 (指伤后平均住院时间 )等方面的区别。结果　健康教育组发病率为 2 12 % ,对照组为 7 2 5 % ,伤后平均住院时间前者为 2 3 6 7d ,后者为32 0 4d ,最终评残人数前者为 16人 ,后者为 47人。结论　健康教育可使新兵训练伤减少 ,伤情减轻 ,伤残人数减少。     

不同兵种军事训练伤发生特点的调查与分析

目的了解某合成兵种部队各兵种在日常的军事训练中发生的各种训练伤的特点。为有针对性地做好训练伤防治工作提供依据。方法设计训练伤调查表,通过问卷调查了解训练伤发病情况,并进行分类调查统计。结果各兵种由于训练方式、侧重点、强度各不同,所以训练伤各有特点。步兵训练伤以脚部为主,达33.33%,坦克兵训练伤以腰部为主,达16.6%,炮兵训练伤以脚部为主,达14.63%。结论各兵种训练伤各有特点,应该针对不同兵种训练特点分别制订相应的训练伤预防措施。     

结构方程模型在军事训练伤致因分析中的应用

目的分析部队共同科目军事训练伤致因,为军事训练伤预防提供依据。方法收集调查问卷370份,以事故致因综合论为理论基础,建构部队共同科目军事训练伤致因假设模型,并利用结构方程模型拟合。结果模型的基本适配度、外在质量、内在质量、相关性等均在合理范围内,模型拟合较为理想。结论部队共同科目军事训练伤致因由人的因素、物的因素和管理因素3个潜在变量构成。结构方程模型在部队共同科目军事训练伤致因分析中具有良好的应用效果。     

SRM-Ⅳ前庭功能诊疗系统治疗军人训练伤所致良性阵发性位置性眩晕的疗效

 目的 观察SRM-Ⅳ前庭功能诊疗系统治疗军人训练中所致良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)的疗效。方法 详细记录2014-02至2015-02我院就诊的因军事训练伤所致BPPV的68例军人患者的病史、变位试验、治疗过程及结果。结果 此次统计的军人训练伤后所致BPPV的68例,治疗后当即、1周复诊、1个月复诊、3个月复诊及6个月复诊疗效统计显示伤后1次复位有效率66.2%,复发11例(16.2%),总有效率91.2%,有耳石遗留症状5例(7.4%)。结论 SRM-Ⅳ前庭功能诊疗系统对军事训练伤造成的BPPV治愈率明显提高,降低复发率及遗留症状,适用于指导和保障各种军事训练,保证为军服务质量。     

军事训练膝关节不同应力性损伤的高场MRI表现

目的探讨军事训练膝关节不同应力性损伤的特点、生物力学特征及其高场MRI表现。方法回顾性分析我院2010年12月—2012年12月军事训练膝关节应力性损伤患者的MRI资料共102个膝关节,根据应力性质及应力作用的特点、组织损伤部位及特点,对每一个膝关节的MRI资料进行分析。结果 102个膝关节中,股骨远端38例,胫骨近端42例,前交叉韧带98例,后交叉韧带31例,内侧副韧带34例,外侧副韧带24例,关节腔积液76例,内侧半月板18例,外侧半月板11例,5例为单纯型损伤,97例为复合型损伤。交变应力性损伤时MRI可见骨髓腔内线状、斑片状长T1长T2信号影;拉应力性损伤时MRI可见与骨干平行的软组织异常信号,骨髓腔内片状异常信号,有骨折时骨髓腔锯齿状、斜行或横行的长T1短T2信号影;压应力性损伤时MRI可见胫骨平台的骨髓水肿、压缩骨折、半月板损伤和软组织损伤;剪切应力性损伤时MRI可见交叉韧带、侧副韧带、半月板、股骨髁或胫骨平台的异常信号。结论军事训练膝关节应力性损伤的程度与军事活动的频度、强度和训练科目有关,军事训练膝关节所遭受的应力作用不是单一的,而是几种应力的共同作用,MRI能敏感地发现不同应力所致的组织损伤特点,对膝关节应力性损伤各期的评价和诊断具有明显的优势,能为军事训练应力性损伤的预防和早期干预提供借鉴。     

西北地区武警某部实施医学干预前后擒敌术训练伤发生情况的对比研究

目的：观察医学干预对降低西北地区武警擒敌术训练伤发生情况的影响。方法整群抽取西北地区武警某部954名官兵实施医学干预;一年后,问卷调查干预前后一年内训练伤发生情况,然后进行比较分析。结果干预后的训练伤发生率（4.6人次/100人/年）与干预前训练伤发生率（8.2人次/100人/年）之间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;同样,动作要领掌握不当在擒敌术训练伤发生的原因中所占的百分比,干预后（22.7%）与干预前（42.3%）之间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论医学干预对擒敌术训练伤的发生率与发生原因均有显著影响,实施科学的医学干预措施能有效降低军事训练伤的发生。     

综合心理干预对高原新兵训练伤的影响

目的探讨综合心理干预对高原新兵训练伤发生率的影响。方法1000名高原新兵随机分为心理干预组和对照组。在新兵训练期间,对心理干预组新兵,除常规的生理卫生教育和监督外,进行综合心理干预;利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自测量表(SAS)、抑郁自测量表(SDS),在新训开始和结束时,进行心理状态测定;并统计各组新兵训练伤发生情况。结果心理干预组战士在SCL-90中的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等项的分值,在SAS和SDS中的总分值明显低于对照组(P<0.05),心理干预组战士训练伤中的软组织损伤、骨关节损伤、训练伤总发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论适当的综合心理干预对于训练伤的预防有积极的作用。     

军事训练致膝关节损伤的关节镜下诊断和治疗

目的探讨关节镜对军事训练所致膝关节损伤的诊断及其治疗效果。方法回顾性分析我院2002年1月—2009年10月收治的171例军事训练所致膝关节损伤官兵临床资料,总结军事训练所致膝关节损伤的特点。所有病例均行膝关节MRI检查,并在关节镜下行手术治疗或关节探查清理。对比MRI检查结果的准确率。术前、术后均对所有病例行膝关节Lysholm评分及主观评价。结果本组病例随访时间10～22月,Lysholm评分术前(42.1±3.7)分,术后为(84.3±2.3)分。无因手术而症状加重及发生血管神经损伤及感染等并发症。结论关节镜既有诊断价值又是治疗手段,关节镜检查可全面评估膝关节的损伤程度,微创治疗膝关节军事训练疾患,相比其他治疗手段具有明显的优越性。     

眼创伤评分法在军人机械性眼外伤中的临床应用

目的 探讨眼创伤评分(OTS)在军人机械性眼外伤视力预后评估中的临床应用,并分析比较军事训练和非军事训练所致眼外伤预后评分的构成差别.方法 对633例(665眼,其中军事训练伤326眼,非军事训练伤339眼)军人机械性眼外伤进行OTS评分,比较本研究纳入病例的终视力比率与OTS表推算各级终视力概率的差别,分析评分与终视...     

Injury prevention during physical activity in the Australian Defence Force

INTRODUCTION: Injuries sustained by Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel during non-combat military training and sports activity are associated with increasing costs due to work days lost, medical treatment, compensation, and early retirement. In 2001, the ADF commissioned a systematic review of the evidence-base for reducing injuries associated with physical activity, while at the same time improving physical activity participation rates to sustain a trained, fit and deployable workforce. METHOD: Literature from on-line library databases, relevant unclassified military reports, and material from previously published sport-specific injury countermeasure reviews were systematically and critically analysed to address the study aims. RESULTS: Modification of intensity, frequency and duration of basic military training activities and improved equipment is likely to reduce injury occurrence. Sports injury countermeasures used for the civilian population have merit for the ADF physical activity program. Injury countermeasures should be designed to minimise any possible deterrent effect on the motivation to participate in regular physical activity. Increasing the participation of ADF personnel in physical activity in the presence of evidence-based injury prevention strategies has the potential to increase health, fitness and deployability with minimal impact on injury frequency. CONCLUSION: Recommendations arising from the review include injury intervention trials in basic military training and sports. These and other interventions should be supported by refinement to ADF injury surveillance systems. Research should focus on interventions with the greatest gain for fitness, deployability, and cost effectiveness.     

装甲车辆乘员军事训练伤相关因素分析及自救互救对其转归的影响

目的分析某部队装甲车辆乘员军事训练伤发生的相关因素,以及自救互救对训练伤转归的影响。方法采取整群抽样方法,根据《中国人民解放军军事训练伤诊断分类标准》进行统计分类,采用自制调查问卷对某装甲部队1028名官兵进行现场调查,对结果进行非条件logistic回归分析。结果训练伤总体发生率为40.2%。其中1年军龄者占受伤者的36.8%,高于2年军龄和3年以上军龄者。对训练伤发生的相关因素建立logistic回归模型,引入模型的变量有训练内容、训练时地形、是否晕车、是否接受过自救互救训练以及训练时动作是否符合操作规范。实施自救、互救措施者,1个月内康复率(分别为93.8%9、4.2%)明显高于未采取自救、互救措施者(分别为76.3%7、6.7%,P<0.001)。结论装甲车辆乘员军事训练伤发生率较高,1年军龄者是训练伤防护重点;训练伤的发生有多种影响因素,可以有针对地实施预防保护措施;实施自救互救者1个月内康复率较高。     

The relative incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in men and women at the United States Naval Academy

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury in female versus male midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy. From 1991 to 1997, we recorded the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury during intercollegiate athletics, intramural athletics, and military training. The subjects were male and female varsity athletes, coed intramural athletes, and participants in military training consisting of the obstacle course and instructional wrestling. All patient data were collected at the time of injury. Records filed at the intramural sports office, along with a questionnaire completed by coaches and trainers, were used to estimate midshipmen exposures. Results showed that in intercollegiate soccer, basketball, and rugby, women had a relative injury risk of 3.96 compared with men. In coed soccer, basketball, softball, and volleyball, the women's relative injury risk was 1.40 compared with men. In military training, women had a relative injury risk of 9.74 compared with men. In comparing overall annual anterior cruciate ligament injury rates among midshipmen, we found that women had a relative injury risk of 2.44 compared with men. We concluded that female midshipmen have an increased relative risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury as compared with men in intercollegiate athletics, basic military training, and throughout their service academy career. This increase was not statistically significant at the intramural level of athletics.     

关节镜治疗膝关节军事训练损伤418例临床分析

目的通过对418例膝关节军事训练损伤患者利用膝关节镜检查、治疗的结果进行分析,指导膝部军事训练损伤的及时诊断及治疗。方法回顾性分析2001年7月—2010年6月行膝关节镜检查治疗的现役军人伤病员共418例,其中男性412例,女性6例;年龄18~36岁,平均21.6岁。受伤原因:行军、越野跑、跨越障碍等损伤289例;器械训练、投弹训练、摔跤、足球、篮球运动等损伤116例;驾驶训练损伤13例。损伤类型:半月板损伤211例,前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤128例,后交叉韧带(PCL)损伤12例,多发韧带损伤22例,膝关节创伤性滑膜炎45例。分析关节镜下所见损伤的种类及治疗效果。结果关节镜下可见418例中前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带损伤及多发韧带损伤共计160例,半月板损伤211例,膝关节滑膜炎45例。术后95%以上病例功能恢复满意,无行走疼痛。结论军事训练致膝关节损伤常见,关节镜明确诊断并及时治疗,可最大限度地避免关节内结构的继发损伤。     

武警某部2020年度新兵训练伤流行病学调查与分析

目的 探讨武警某部新兵军事训练伤的特点,为训练伤防控提供科学指导.方法 随机抽取武警某部2020年6个新训点4150名新兵,进行军事训练伤的发生情况问卷调查,并分析新训阶段训练伤的发生率、伤病类别等.另非随机性地选择了680名新兵进行了骨密度测定(中指骨),其中已发生训练伤340例,未发生训练伤340例.本次调查均获得...     

藏区医院住院武警官兵军事训练伤分析

 目的 分析藏区医院住院武警官兵军事训练伤的特点,探讨卫勤保障前置后军事训练伤防治效果,为搞好军事训练伤防治工作提供依据。方法 以2010 06至2016 06藏区医院因军事训练伤住院的武警官兵为研究对象,分析其军事训练伤的群体分布、受伤季节、受伤类型及受伤病程的特点。并对比“卫生资源前置”前（2010 06至2013 05）、后（2013 06至2016 06）军事训练伤住院官兵的院前时间、住院时间、致残率等。结论 驻高原山地藏区住院武警官兵军事训练伤发病季节以秋季最高发（34.7%）,软组织损伤为主（55.1%）,急性损伤所占比例最大（67.2%）。卫生资源前置后,军事训练伤住院官兵的住院时间、急性损伤的院前时间均缩短,致残率无显著变化。结论 应根据高原山地藏区武警官兵军事训练伤的特点有针对性地制定防治措施,卫生资源前置这一举措能更及时的开展救治     

MRI对军事训练致盘状半月板损伤的临床应用价值

目的:探讨MRI对军事训练致膝关节盘状半月板损伤的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析36例武警部队军人盘状半月板资料,其中33例经关节镜证实盘状半月板撕裂,33例撕裂病例均有明确的军事训练致伤史,观察盘状半月板形态、大小及信号改变,判断盘状半月板及其损伤分型。结果:36例盘状半月板,均发生在外侧。36例中,板型21例,楔型9例,肥角型6例。33例盘状半月板发生撕裂,以关节镜为诊断标准,MRI诊断膝关节盘状半月板准确率为100%,MRI诊断盘状半月板水平撕裂、斜行撕裂、纵行撕裂、放射状撕裂、桶柄状撕裂及复杂撕裂的准确性分别为91.7%、94.4%、100%、97.2%、91.7%、94.4%。结论:MRI对军事训练致盘状半月板撕裂能清晰显示、准确分型,对临床治疗方案的制定有重要的指导作用,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Fluid replacement recommendations for training in hot weather.

The U.S. Army's fluid replacement guidelines emphasize fluid replacement during hot weather training to prevent degradation of performance and minimize the risk of heat injury. Little consideration has been given, however, to possible overhydration and development of water intoxication. Sufficient epidemiological evidence is available to demonstrate an increasing incidence of water intoxication during military training. This article summarizes the development and validation of revised fluid replacement guidelines for hot weather training. The end product is an easy-to-read table that provides the user with the appropriate hourly work time and fluid intake to support work during hot weather training. The guidelines include the range of hot weather conditions likely to be encountered during military training and cover a broad range of military activities. It is expected that the revised guidelines will sustain hydration and minimize the number of heat injuries during military training while protecting the soldier from becoming sick from overdrinking.     

2 294名军人伤害住院情况分析

目的：对某区部队伤害住院患者进行流行病学特征分析，提出预防建议。方法：应用各医院上报军区统计中心的数据库资料进行分析。结果：意外损伤、军事训练伤、交通伤和烧烫伤是导致部队伤害住院的四大主要因素。伤害主要发生在18—23岁(占62．16％)之间，干部意外损伤、交通伤和锐器伤高于战士，军训伤则战士明显高于干部。结论：部队要重视和加强伤害的预防工作。