肾血管性高血压金属内支架置入治疗

目的 探讨经皮腔内肾动脉成形术（ＰＴＲＡ）和支架入置入术治疗肾动脉狭窄所致肾血管性高血压的临床效果。方法 对７例大动脉炎和３例动脉粥样 经所致肾动脉狭窄患者先行ＰＴＲＡ术,然后放置支架,术后定期复查血压并采用超声复查支架通畅状况。结果 １０例虱ＰＴＲＡ＾＋支架植入术技术均成功。血压完全恢复正常９例,部分下降１例,无严重并发症发生,随访３～２８个月未见复发。结论 ＰＴＲＡ和支架植入术治疗肾血管性高血     

介入治疗肾血管性高血压

目的总结经皮腔内血管成形术（ＰＴＲＡ）＋内支架植入术治疗肾血管性高血压的疗效。方法１９９５～１９９８年介入治疗肾血管性高血压患者２６例。对肾动脉硬化导致的肾动脉近端病变直接行支架植入术。对肾动脉硬化致肾动脉中远端病变及大动脉炎,纤维肌肉发育不良性肾动脉病变先行ＰＴＲＡ术,效果不好或失败者行支架植入术。选择Ｐａｌｍａｚ支架。结果ＰＴＲＡ＋支架植入术技术成功率１００％,近期临床治愈改善率９２．３％,随访治愈改善率８６．４％。结论ＰＴＲＡ＋支架植入术即时安全有效,治愈改善率满意,可作为肾血管性高血压的首选治疗方法。     

肾动脉原位切开扩张术治疗肾血管性高血压三例报告

肾动脉原位切开扩张术治疗肾血管性高血压三例报告亓天伟史本康陈钦忠近年来，多采用经皮腔内血管成形术（ＰＴＡ）治疗肾动脉狭窄所致的肾血管性高血压。由于此类病人常伴有腹主动脉严重病变使肾动脉狭窄处病变复杂，或因肾动脉多段狭窄等情况，在行经皮肾动脉扩张术选择...     

肾动脉狭窄的腔内治疗

自1934年Goldblatt发现肾动脉狭窄与高血压的关系以及1978年Gruntzig首次报道1例经皮腔内肾血管成形术（percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty, PTRA）以来，肾动脉狭窄可导致肾血管性高血压和缺血性肾病已形成共识。目前，肾动脉狭窄的治疗方式包括药物治疗、手术治疗及腔内治疗，合理治疗仍存在争议。但不可否认，腔内治疗是目前多数医疗机构普遍采用的治疗方法。     

肾血管性高血压的介入治疗

我们评价经皮肾动脉腔内成形术（PTRA）及内支架植入术治疗肾血管性高血压（RVH）的疗效。 一、对象和方法 1．对象：肾动脉狭窄19例，其中男5例，女14例，平均年龄39．3岁（21～73岁），均符合血管成形术适应证，并排除了禁忌证。单侧肾动脉狭窄12例，双肾动脉狭窄7例。肾动脉开口病变4例，非开口病变15例。动脉粥样硬化性狭窄18例，多发性大动脉炎1例，其中4例患者合并肾功能不全。     

肾血管性高血压42例临床报告

自１９８５年１月～１９９６年１２月共收治肾血管性高血压患者４２例，治疗方法包括自体肾移植１６例，肾切除术１５例，原位血管搭桥术１例，经皮腔内血管成形术２例，经皮腔内血管网状支架置入术３例，抗高血压药物治疗５例。结果：３１例（７４％）治愈，９例（２１％）改善，２例（５％）无效。对不同治疗方法的效果进行了分析评价     

混合型多发性大动脉炎的外科治疗

目的探讨混合型多发性大动脉炎的外科治疗。方法回顾性分析收治的12例混合型多发性大动脉炎患者的临床资料。结果行动脉旁路术5例,PTA+腔支架植入术3例,联合动脉旁路术及PTA+腔内支架植入术4例。随访3～60个月,10例有器官缺血或肾动脉高压的得到很好的控制,2例肾动脉再狭窄,其中1例死于脑血管意外。结论综合运用动脉旁路术、经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)及腔内支架植入术及可以很好的控制大动脉炎重要脏器的缺血症状和改善肾性高血压。     

对比经皮腔内肾动脉球囊扩张成形术与支架植入术治疗移植肾动脉狭窄的有效性及安全性

目的 对比经皮腔内肾动脉球囊扩张成形术与经皮腔内肾动脉支架植入术治疗移植肾动脉狭窄(TRAS)的安全性及有效性。方法 纳入39例接受腔内治疗的TRAS患者,根据治疗方式分为经皮腔内肾动脉球囊扩张成形术组(球囊组,n=21)及植入肾动脉支架组(支架组,n=18);比较组间治疗前、后的收缩压、舒张压、血肌酐、移植肾动脉峰值血流速度(PSV)及段间动脉阻力指数(RI)变化,以及并发症率、手术成功率和术后6个月一期通畅率。结果 2组治疗成功率均为100%,并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前及治疗后1、6个月,2组各指标差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。治疗后1、6个月,2组血肌酐、PSV均较术前降低,RI均较术前升高(P均<0.05);治疗后6个月2组收缩压、舒张压均较术前及术后1个月降低(P均<0.05)。治疗后6个月支架组一期通畅率高于球囊组(94.44%vs. 66.67%,P<0.05)。结论 经皮腔内肾动脉球囊扩张成形术与经皮腔内肾动脉支架植入术治疗TRAS均安全、有效;相比前者,采用后者治疗后肾动脉再狭窄发生率更低。     

27例多发性大动脉炎血管介入治疗

目的探讨血管介入治疗多发性大动脉炎(Takayasu arteritis,TA)所致血管狭窄或闭塞性病变的临床疗效。方法 2003年6月～2011年6月对27例TA经股动脉穿刺选择性血管造影,确定病变部位,明确诊断,并对因大动脉炎引起的锁骨下动脉、颈动脉、肾动脉、腹主动脉病变进行了选择性球囊扩张或支架植入手术。结果 27例施行血管腔内扩张成形术或支架植入术,其中颈总动脉扩张10例,支架2例;锁骨下动脉扩张6例;腹主动脉扩张4例;肾动脉扩张10例,支架4例;无名动脉扩张1例,支架1例;共置入支架7枚。2例颈动脉扩张时因并发症而终止治疗,其余病例病变血管均获得满意的治疗。27例随访5个月～7年,平均4年,其中<12个月6例,1～3年12例,3～5年6例,>5年3例:11例头晕、视觉异常等脑缺血症状改善;12例肾动脉狭窄所致高血压经球囊扩张及支架植入后血压控制正常;2例肾动脉狭窄在球囊扩张后14、18个月再次发生血压增高,造影显示扩张后肾动脉再次狭窄,再次行肾动脉球囊扩张成形术,扩张后高血压恢复正常。结论介入性血管内成形术治疗TA所致血管狭窄或闭塞性病变疗效满意。     

经皮腔内肾动脉成形术治疗肾血管性高血压

为总结肾血管性高血压患者接受经皮腔内肾动脉成型术（ＰＴＲＡ）的治疗效果，作者对７９例患者（动脉硬化１４例，大动脉炎５７例，纤维肌肉发育不良８例），采用肾动脉扩张术，成功率９４．８％，并发症发生率３．８％；本组平均随访４４．８个月，治愈改善率７３．４％，大动脉炎治愈改善率７５．４％，取得良好治疗效果。作者认为，对于大动脉炎所致的肾血管性高血压，ＰＴＲＡ应作为首选的治疗方法。     

Transluminal vascular stent implantation for a patient with renovascular hypertension due to renal artery stenosis

In recent years, transluminal vascular stents have been implanted in patients with renal artery stenosis. At present, controversy remains as to whether the long-term outcome of stent implantation is better than that of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA). However, until now, no clinical experience of a stent placement for renal artery stenosis has been reported in our country. We implanted a Palmaz stent in a patient with renovascular hypertenstion due to renal artery restenosis who had already undergone PTRA. The renal function and blood pressure of the patient improved remarkably.     

移植肾动脉狭窄的诊治(附3例报告)

目的探讨移植肾动脉狭窄的诊治方法. 方法回顾性分析253例肾移植术后发生的3例移植肾动脉狭窄(transplant renal artery stenosis, TRAS)的诊治经过. 结果 3例TRAS均发生于肾移植术后半年内,经彩超和肾动脉造影确诊.3例均行经皮穿刺移植肾动脉球囊扩张成形(percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty, PTRA)和血管内支架置入,获临床治愈.随访15～24个月,无TRAS复发,移植肾功能正常. 结论彩超是筛选TRAS的首选检查方法,肾动脉造影是TRAS的确诊手段.PTRA/血管内支架置入是治疗TRAS的安全、有效和首选方法.     

经皮腔内血管成形术治疗布—加氏综合征(附4例报告)

作者采用经皮腔内血管成形术治疗布——加氏综合征4例,其中2例放置血管内支架。术后下腔静脉狭窄得以缓解,下腔静脉与右心房平均压力差由2.50kPa降至0.30kPa,病人肝大、腹水、下肢肿胀得到不同程度的缓解。本文对腔内血管成形术治疗布—加氏综合征的适应征、注意事项、并发症等进行了讨论     

Successful stenting for renal artery stenosis in a patient with Alagille syndrome

A 12-year-old girl with Alagille syndrome manifested severe hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis in a solitary functioning kidney. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stenting was performed, but the hypertension persisted. On the next day, acute renal failure occurred with the administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and migration of the stent was confirmed by angiography. Thus, a second stent was placed with success. Since then, the hypertension has been controlled with anti-hypertensive medication, and the renal function has recovered to normal range.     

Operative Stentexplantation aus der A. carotis interna bei symptomatischer Knickstenose

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stent implantation of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a common procedure for repair of stenosis of extracranial vessels. In cases of unsuitable vascular anatomy stenosis of the ICA due to kinking predominantly at the distal end of the stent can occur. We report on an externally treated patient with amaurosis fugax due to postinterventional distal kinking and a primary residual stenosis. Operative explantation of the stent with reconstruction of the extracranial ICA was successfully performed.     

Treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis

The increasing prevalence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) has prompted in recent years a more aggressive treatment of this condition for reducing BP and for preserving the jeopardized renal function. Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA), alone or in conjunction with stent implantation, may be useful for both these goals. However, despite the methodological improvements that make this procedure much safer than surgery, caution must be applied before PTRA is extended to all patients with ARAS. Indeed, PTRA is associated with a 23% rate of major/minor complications and with a 20% rate of restenosis, even in arteries implanted with stent. Moreover the cure rate of hypertension achievable with PTRA is, at best, around 10%, with a 40% rate of improvements. Even for rescuing the ischemic kidney, PTRA/stent implantation are not always effective; only 35% of patients with ARAS have some improvement in renal function. These data indicate that there is an urgent need of rigorous criteria for selecting among the many patients with ARAS those who may actually benefit from the dilation procedure.     

Late infected pseudoaneurysm formation after uneventful iliac artery stent placement

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and endovascular stent placement are becoming common techniques for iliac artery stenosis and obstruction that are intended to reduce the need for surgical bypass procedures. The usual complications include acute or subacute thrombosis, distal embolization, dissection, and extravasation. Although stent infection is very rare after stent replacement, it is reportedly associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality, and the use of prophylactic antibiotics should be considered. We present a case of rupture of an infected pseudoaneurysm at the site of the external iliac artery that occurred 4 months after an uneventful percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement.     

Treatment of severe renal artery stenosis by percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty and stent implantation

The clinical course of two children with mid-aortic syndrome and renal artery stenosis (RAS) who suffered from severe arterial hypertension is described. Hypertension was uncontrollable by antihypertensive medication and was managed by percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) with stent implantation. The pediatric experience with PTRA is limited, and there are only few cases reported with additional stent implantation. Complications of these procedures are well known from experience with adult patients. However, since surgical revascularization may be technically difficult especially in small children, PTRA with or without stenting should be considered as a valuable treatment option in pediatric RAS.     

Combined Percutaneous Transrenal and Transfemoral Endovascular Recanalization and Angioplastic Reconstruction of a Disrupted Transplant Renal Artery Stent: A Novel Salvage Technique

Renal artery stenosis is the most common vascular complication following renal transplantation. Percutaneous endovascular transluminal angioplasty with stenting is the treatment of choice for clinically significant renal artery stenosis. The authors present a case describing a novel combined transrenal parenchyma and transfemoral approach to repairing a disrupted transplant renal artery stent. The patient's allograft renal artery stenosis was initially managed via the standard percutaneous approach, but during follow‐up the stent became disrupted and crushed, causing partial occlusion of the renal artery. This was manifested by persistently elevated serum creatinine values, lower extremity edema, and four‐medication hypertension. After a failed traditional percutaneous transfemoral attempt, the authors were able to successfully access the renal arterial system via a combined transrenal and transfemoral approach, using an upper‐pole artery through the renal parenchyma. This transrenal approach used a 3 Fr system, allowing the authors to get a wire across the stent, which they were previously unable to do. With wire access, they performed a balloon angioplastic reconstruction to restore the stent's patency, resulting in a reduction in serum creatinine, lower extremity edema, and blood pressure. This technique avoided a potentially difficult reoperative repair without immediate complication and provides a method for vascular access to the renal arterial system in select patients.